Device and method for variable-diameter multi-wire stirring additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material machining, in particular to a variable-diameter multi-wire stirring additive manufacturing device and method for high-entropy alloy, the variable-diameter multi-wire stirring additive manufacturing device is used for being matched with mixed metal wires with different diameters after being combined, and the manufacturing device comprises a shell, a linkage plate and a plurality of material clamping columns; the linkage plate is rotationally arranged on the upper portion of the inner side of the shell, the multiple material clamping columns are inserted into the shell in the circumferential direction and are in sliding connection with the shell, every two adjacent material clamping columns are in sliding connection, the lower ends of the material clamping columns penetrate out of the shell and extend towards the outer portion of the shell, a material penetrating cavity is defined by the multiple material clamping columns, and the mixed metal wire penetrates into the material penetrating cavity. The manufacturing method is applied to the manufacturing device, the arranged material clamping column can move, and under the action of the lead screw and the linkage plate, the driving column drives the supporting column and the limiting column to move, so that the size of the material penetrating cavity is changed, the device adapts to mixed metal wires with different diameters, time and labor are saved, and resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal material processing, and in particular to a device and method for additively manufacturing high entropy alloys by variable-diameter multi-wire stirring. Background Art

[0002] High entropy alloys are considered to be one of the three major breakthroughs in alloying theory in recent decades. High entropy alloys have a combination of properties such as high hardness, high work hardening, high temperature softening resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and high resistivity. Their performance is no less than that of traditional alloys. High entropy alloys are generally defined as a type of alloy composed of multiple component elements alloyed in an equiatomic ratio or close to an equiatomic ratio, with the atomic percentage of each component element between 5% and 35%. The mixing entropy is higher than the melting entropy of the alloy, and generally forms a high entropy solid solution phase. With the rapid development of the aerospace field in recent years, higher requirements have been placed on the high-temperature properties of alloy materials such as load and thermal protection at high temperatures. The excellent combination of high-temperature resistance characteristics of high entropy alloys themselves has gradually made them a research hotspot. At present, the reported high entropy alloy systems are mainly based on transition metal elements such as iron, nickel, cobalt and copper.

[0003] Additive manufacturing technology is contrary to the traditional subtractive processing idea. It uses a high-energy energy source to deposit materials layer by layer on a substrate and directly form them. Stir friction deposition additive manufacturing has the advantage of continuous additive manufacturing. In recent years, more and more research work has begun to focus on the application of additive manufacturing technology to prepare high-entropy alloys and their composite materials. At present, there are two ways of stir friction deposition additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: rod deposition and wire deposition. Wire deposition is to feed the required metal wire into the stirring head through a wire feeding system, and stir friction is added simultaneously to improve the component segregation problem in the obtained high-entropy alloy, and obtain a refined organizational structure. The homogenized organization is obtained through solution heat treatment, the mechanical properties are improved, and the material is strengthened and toughened. However, in this process, the inner diameter of the stirring head is fixed. When different metal wires are required to manufacture different high-entropy alloys, if a structure with a fixed inner diameter of the stirring head is used, the diameter of the mixed metal wire needs to be drawn or roughened to make the diameter of the mixed metal wire meet the inner diameter of the stirring head. The processing procedure is complicated, or according to the mixed metal wires of different diameters, it is necessary to frequently replace the stirring heads of different inner diameters. The operation is more troublesome and the efficiency of manufacturing high-entropy alloys is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys with variable diameter multi-wire stirring, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable-diameter multi-wire stirring, which is used to adapt to mixed metal wires of different diameters after combination, including an outer shell, a linkage plate and a plurality of clamping columns, the inner part of the outer shell is hollow, the linkage plate is rotatably arranged on the upper inner side of the outer shell, a plurality of clamping columns are circumferentially inserted into the outer shell and slidably connected to the outer shell, two adjacent clamping columns are slidably connected, the lower end of the clamping column passes through the outer shell and extends to the outside of the outer shell, the plurality of clamping columns enclose a threading cavity, and the mixed metal wire is threaded in the threading cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of rod bodies are arranged in an array along the length direction on the inner side wall of the shell, each group of rod bodies includes two centrally symmetrical support rods, two centrally symmetrical driving rods and two centrally symmetrical limiting rods, and the support rods, driving rods and limiting rods are arranged in sequence and at intervals.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple clamping columns include support columns, limit columns and driving columns that are centrally symmetrical and in groups of two. Multiple fixed blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support columns, and the fixed blocks are slidably connected to the corresponding ends of the support rods. Two sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the limit columns, and the sliding blocks are slidably connected to the corresponding ends of the limit rods. Multiple connecting blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the driving column, and a screw rod is rotatably arranged on the end of the driving rod, and the connecting block is connected to the corresponding screw rod through a threaded connection.

[0008] Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder is provided on each side of the two sliders close to each other, a receiving block is fixedly provided on the end of the limiting rod, a sliding groove is provided on the surface of the receiving block on one side close to the center of the shell, the slider is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding groove, a plurality of limiting holes are spaced apart at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the slider and is plugged into or separated from the limiting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a support frame is fixedly provided on one side of the end of the driving rod, a worm gear is rotatably provided in the support frame, the worm gear is fixedly connected to the lead screw via a connecting shaft, a motor is provided on one side of the upper end of the support frame, a worm is rotatably provided on the side of the support frame close to the motor, the worm is meshingly connected to the worm wheel, and the output shaft end of the motor is fixedly connected to the worm gear.

[0010] Furthermore, a through ring is fixedly provided in the middle of the linkage plate, a retaining ring is fixedly provided on the outer side of the linkage plate, a plurality of connecting rings are fixedly provided along the circumferential direction between the retaining ring and the through ring, the upper end of the retaining ring is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer shell, a connecting column is fixedly provided in the middle of the upper surface of the clamping column, one connecting column corresponds to one connecting ring, the connecting column is inserted in the connecting ring and is movably connected to the connecting ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a feed port is provided through the middle of the upper surface of the shell, a limiting groove is provided through the middle of the lower surface of the shell, the shape of the limiting groove is polygonal, the clamping column is passed through the limiting groove and is slidably connected thereto, a plurality of mutually connected grooves are circumferentially provided on the inner upper surface of the shell, an end of a groove is connected to the tail of an adjacent groove, a protrusion is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the connecting column, and the protrusion is slidably connected to the corresponding groove.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a wire feeding system and a stirring head, wherein the wire feeding system is used to transport the mixed metal wire to the area to be added on the substrate through the stirring head, the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the stirring head, and the interior of the stirring head is connected to the feeding cavity through the feed port.

[0013] A method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by additively stirring a multi-wire with a variable diameter, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned devices for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by additively stirring a multi-wire with a variable diameter, comprises the following specific steps:

[0014] S1: Pre-twisting a plurality of different metal wires into a twisted mixed metal wire, and then passing the mixed metal wire through the inside of the stirring head through the feeding port of the outer shell into the feeding cavity through the wire feeding system;

[0015] S2: Start the motor, drive the lead screw to rotate through the worm gear structure, drive the corresponding driving column to move, and move the support column and the limit column together through the action of the linkage plate, adjust the size of the threading cavity until it matches the diameter of the mixed metal wire, so that the mixed metal wire can just pass through the threading cavity, and then start the hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is plugged into the corresponding limit hole, and lock the limit column;

[0016] S3: starting the stirring head, performing friction stir additive manufacturing through the stirring friction of the clamping column and the stirring and downward pressure of the stirring head, wherein the stirring head performs friction stir additive manufacturing on the substrate according to a preset program, and deposits layer by layer in an upward growth manner starting from the first layer until the last layer, i.e., the Nth layer, is deposited to obtain an additive component;

[0017] In the process of depositing the first layer to the Nth layer, each layer is subjected to high-temperature strong plastic deformation, tissue crushing and refinement by stirring friction, thereby achieving orderly tissue flow deposition and obtaining a deposition layer;

[0018] S4: performing solid solution treatment on the additive component to obtain the desired high entropy alloy component.

[0019] Furthermore, the raw material of the mixed metal wire is a combination of at least four metal wire materials of Al, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zr, Nb, V, W and Mn.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a device for additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys with variable diameter multi-wire stirring. The clamping column is movable. Under the action of the screw rod and the linkage plate, the driving column drives the supporting column and the limiting column to move, thereby changing the size of the threading cavity to adapt to mixed metal wires of different diameters. There is no need to frequently replace the stirring head, which is easy to operate and improves manufacturing efficiency. There is no need to perform processes such as drawing or roughening on the combined mixed metal wires, which saves working procedures, time, labor and resources. The hydraulic cylinder provided can lock the limiting column and the outer shell to ensure the stability of the clamping column, prevent the clamping column from slipping during the feeding process, and avoid affecting the forming of the additive component.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a method for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by using variable diameter multi-wire stirring. The method of continuously feeding the wires can ensure the continuity of the feeding process. The mixed metal wires twisted into a spiral shape are fed into the stirring head through the wire feeding system, and then enter the feeding cavity through the stirring head. Additive manufacturing is performed by repeatedly performing stirring friction deposition. The obtained high entropy alloy has small internal defects, small stress, uniform structure and good performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial half-section structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving rod part of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the housing and the linkage plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material clamping column structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the limiting rod of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. shell; 11. feed port; 111. groove; 112. slot; 12. limit slot; 13. support rod; 131. slide rod; 14. drive rod; 141. screw rod; 142. support frame; 143. motor; 144. worm; 145. worm wheel; 15. limit rod; 151. accommodating block; 152. slide slot; 153. limit hole; 2. linkage plate; 21. locking ring; 22. connecting ring; 23. through ring; 3. clamping column; 31. connecting column; 32. protrusion; 33. support column; 331. fixed block; 34. limit column; 341. hydraulic cylinder; 342. slide block; 343. through hole; 35. drive column; 351. connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. The term "connection" only indicates the connection between devices and has no special meaning.

[0033] In addition, the technical fields and installation methods involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict between them.

[0034] Specific implementation: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 , a device for additively manufacturing high-entropy alloys by variable-diameter multi-wire stirring, used for adapting mixed metal wires with different diameters after combination, including a shell 1, a linkage plate 2 and a plurality of clamping columns 3, the shell 1 is hollow inside, the linkage plate 2 is rotatably arranged on the upper inner side of the shell 1, a plurality of clamping columns 3 are circumferentially inserted into the shell 1 and slidably connected to the shell 1, two adjacent clamping columns 3 are slidably connected, the lower ends of the clamping columns 3 pass through the shell 1 and extend to the outside of the shell 1, the plurality of clamping columns 3 are surrounded to form a threading cavity, the mixed metal wire is passed through the threading cavity, the cross-section of the end of the clamping column 3 close to the threading cavity is triangular, and the cross-section of the end away from the threading cavity is rectangular, and the inclined surfaces of the two adjacent clamping columns 3 close to one end of the threading cavity fit each other.

[0035] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of T-shaped rods are arranged in an array along the length direction on the inner side wall of the shell 1, and each group of rods includes two centrally symmetrical support rods 13, two centrally symmetrical driving rods 14 and two centrally symmetrical limiting rods 15, and the support rods 13, the driving rods 14 and the limiting rods 15 are arranged in sequence at intervals.

[0036] Furthermore, the plurality of clamping columns 3 include support columns 33, limiting columns 34 and driving columns 35, which are centrally symmetrical and in groups of two. A plurality of fixing blocks 331 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support column 33. A sliding rod 131 is fixedly arranged on the end of the support rod 13. The fixing block 331 is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rod 131. Two sliding blocks 342 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the limiting column 34. The sliding block 342 is slidably connected to the corresponding end of the limiting rod 15. A plurality of connecting blocks 351 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the driving column 35. A screw rod 141 is rotatably arranged on the end of the driving rod 14. The connecting block 351 is connected to the corresponding screw rod 141 through threads.

[0037] Furthermore, a hydraulic cylinder 341 is provided on the side where the two sliders 342 are close to each other, and a receiving block 151 is fixedly provided at the end of the limiting rod 15. A sliding groove 152 is provided on the surface of the receiving block 151 on one side close to the center of the shell 1. The slider 342 is slidably connected with the corresponding sliding groove 152. A plurality of limiting holes 153 are spaced apart at the bottom of the sliding groove 152. A through hole 343 is provided through the middle of the slider 342. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 341 is penetrated in the corresponding through hole 343 and slidably connected thereto. The piston rod end of the hydraulic rod passes through the through hole 343 and is plugged into or separated from the limiting hole 153. The provided hydraulic cylinder 341 can lock the limiting column 34 with the shell 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the clamping column 3, preventing the clamping column 3 from slipping during the feeding process, and avoiding affecting the forming of the additive component.

[0038] Furthermore, a support frame 142 is fixedly provided on one side of the end of the driving rod 14, a worm gear 145 is rotatably provided in the support frame 142, the worm gear 145 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 141 through a connecting shaft, a motor 143 is provided on one side of the upper end of the support frame 142, a worm 144 is rotatably provided on one side of the support frame 142 close to the motor 143, the worm 144 is meshingly connected to the worm wheel 145, and the output shaft end of the motor 143 is fixedly connected to the worm 144.

[0039] Furthermore, the upper surface of the linkage plate 2 is fitted with the inner upper surface of the shell 1, a through ring 23 is fixedly provided in the middle of the linkage plate 2, a retaining ring 21 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the linkage plate 2, and a plurality of connecting rings 22 are fixedly provided along the circumferential direction between the retaining ring 21 and the through ring 23, and the upper end of the retaining ring 21 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the shell 1, and a connecting column 31 is fixedly provided in the middle of the upper surface of the clamping column 3, one connecting column 31 corresponds to one connecting ring 22, and the connecting column 31 is inserted in the connecting ring 22 and is movably connected to the connecting ring 22.

[0040] Furthermore, a feed port 11 is provided through the middle of the upper surface of the outer shell 1, and the feed port 11 is funnel-shaped. The inner diameter of the lower end of the feed port 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the through ring 23. A limiting groove 12 is provided through the middle of the lower surface of the outer shell 1, and the shape of the limiting groove 12 is polygonal. The clamping column 3 is inserted into the limiting groove 12 and is slidably connected thereto. A plurality of mutually connected grooves 111 are circumferentially provided on the inner upper surface of the outer shell 1, and the end of a groove 111 is connected to the tail of an adjacent groove 111. A protrusion 32 is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the connecting column 31, and the protrusion 32 is slidably connected to the corresponding groove 111.

[0041] Furthermore, a slot 112 is provided on the inner upper surface of the shell 1, and multiple grooves 111 are located on the inner side of the slot 112, and the feed port 11 is located on the inner side of the multiple grooves 111, and the retaining ring 21 is rotatably connected to the slot 112. When the linkage plate 2 rotates, the multiple clamping columns 3 move accordingly, and the size of the threading cavity changes accordingly. The mixed metal wire passes through the feed port 11, the through ring 23, and the threading cavity in turn and abuts against the base plate. The set clamping column 3 can move, and under the action of the screw rod 141 and the linkage plate 2, the driving column 35 drives the supporting column 33 and the limiting column 34 to move, so as to change the size of the threading cavity to adapt to mixed metal wires of different diameters. There is no need to frequently replace the stirring head, which is easy to operate and improves manufacturing efficiency. There is no need to perform wire drawing or roughening processes on the combined mixed metal wire, which saves working procedures, time, labor, and resources.

[0042] Furthermore, the device for additively manufacturing high-entropy alloys by variable-diameter multi-wire stirring also includes a wire feeding system and a stirring head. The wire feeding system is used to transport the mixed metal wire to the area to be added on the substrate through the stirring head. The upper end of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the stirring head, and the interior of the stirring head is connected to the feeding cavity through the feed port 11.

[0043] A method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by adding a variable diameter multi-wire stirring material is applied to the above-mentioned device for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by adding a variable diameter multi-wire stirring material, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0044] S1: twisting a plurality of different metal wires into a twisted mixed metal wire in advance, and then passing the mixed metal wire through the inside of the stirring head through the feed port 11 of the housing 1 into the feeding cavity through the wire feeding system;

[0045] S2: Start the motor 143, the output shaft of the motor 143 rotates, driving the worm 144 to rotate, the worm wheel 145 meshing with the worm 144 rotates, driving the screw 141 to rotate, and the connecting block 351 threadedly connected to the screw 141 moves, driving the corresponding driving column 35 to move, and the connecting column 31 above the driving column 35 moves, driving the corresponding connecting ring 22 to move, so that the linkage plate 2 rotates, and the other connecting rings 22 drive the corresponding supporting column 33 and the limiting column 34 to move together through the linkage plate 2, and adjust the size of the threading cavity until it matches the diameter of the mixed metal wire so that the mixed metal wire can just pass through the threading cavity, and then start the hydraulic cylinder 341, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 341 extends out and plugs into the corresponding limiting hole 153, and the limiting column 34 is locked. Through the action of the linkage plate 2, all the clamping columns 3 can be locked;

[0046] S3: starting the stirring head, performing friction stir additive manufacturing through the stirring friction of the clamping column 3 and the stirring and downward pressure of the stirring head, and the stirring head performs friction stir additive manufacturing on the substrate according to a preset program, starting from the first layer and depositing layer by layer in an upward growth manner until the last layer, i.e., the Nth layer, is deposited to obtain an additive component;

[0047] In the process of depositing the first layer to the Nth layer, each layer is subjected to high-temperature strong plastic deformation, tissue crushing and refinement by stirring friction, thereby achieving orderly tissue flow deposition and obtaining a deposition layer;

[0048] S4: performing solid solution treatment on the additive component to obtain the desired high entropy alloy component.

[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the raw material of the mixed metal wire is a combination of at least 4 metal wires of Al, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zr, Nb, V, W and Mn, the feed amount of the stirring head is 0.1-3 mm / s, the speed of the stirring head is 1000-4000 r / min, the downward pressure of the stirring head is 0.1-0.5 mm, the downward pressure of the stirring head is 30000-50000 N, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding system is 5-10 mm / s, the additive component is annealed at 100-1000°C, kept warm for 0.5-5 h, and then furnace cooled to obtain the desired high entropy alloy component.

[0050] For example, the CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy is composed of four elements, namely Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni, in a certain proportion, while the AlxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy is composed of five elements, namely Al, Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni, in a certain proportion. When the additive manufacturing of the CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy is completed and the additive manufacturing of the AlxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy is required, when the diameter of the Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni wires is constant, the diameter of the mixed metal wire of the five elements, namely Al, Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni, is larger than the diameter of the mixed metal wire of the four elements, namely Co, Cr, Fe, and Ni. At this time, it is only necessary to increase the size of the threading cavity according to the method of S2. By analogy, the mixed metal wire with a larger diameter can continue to increase the size of the threading cavity, thereby meeting the additive manufacturing of different high entropy alloys.

[0051] In this method, the continuous feeding of wires can ensure the continuity of the feeding process. The twisted mixed metal wire is transported to the stirring head through the wire feeding system, and then enters the feeding cavity through the stirring head. The material is added by repeatedly performing stir friction deposition. The obtained high entropy alloy has small internal defects, small stress, uniform structure and good performance.

Claims

1. A device for additively manufacturing high entropy alloys with variable diameter multi-wire stirring, used for adapting mixed metal wires with different diameters after combination, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell, a linkage plate and a plurality of clamping columns. The inner part of the outer shell is hollow. The linkage plate is rotatably arranged on the upper inner part of the outer shell. The plurality of clamping columns are circumferentially inserted into the outer shell and are slidably connected with the outer shell. Two adjacent clamping columns are slidably connected. The lower end of the clamping column passes through the outer shell and extends to the outside of the outer shell. The plurality of clamping columns enclose a threading cavity, and the mixed metal wire is threaded in the threading cavity.

2. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rod groups are arranged in an array along the length direction of the inner side wall of the shell, each rod group includes two centrally symmetrical support rods, two centrally symmetrical driving rods and two centrally symmetrical limiting rods, and the support rods, driving rods and limiting rods are arranged in sequence and at intervals.

3. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple clamping columns include support columns, limit columns and driving columns that are centrally symmetrical and in groups of two. Multiple fixed blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support columns, and the fixed blocks are slidably connected to the corresponding ends of the support rods. Two sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the limit column, and the sliding blocks are slidably connected to the corresponding ends of the limit rods. Multiple connecting blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the driving column, and a screw rod is rotatably arranged on the end of the driving rod, and the connecting block is connected to the corresponding screw rod through a threaded connection.

4. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder is provided on each side where the two sliders are close to each other, and a receiving block is fixedly provided on the end of the limiting rod. A sliding groove is provided on the surface of the receiving block on one side close to the center of the shell, and the slider is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding groove. A plurality of limiting holes are spaced apart at the bottom of the sliding groove, and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the slider and is plugged into or separated from the limiting hole.

5. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support frame is fixedly provided on one side of the end of the driving rod, a worm wheel is rotatably provided in the support frame, the worm wheel and the lead screw are fixedly connected through a connecting shaft, a motor is provided on one side of the upper end of the support frame, a worm is rotatably provided on the side of the support frame close to the motor, the worm is meshingly connected to the worm wheel, and the output shaft end of the motor is fixedly connected to the worm.

6. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through ring is fixedly arranged in the middle of the linkage plate, a retaining ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the linkage plate, a plurality of connecting rings are fixedly arranged circumferentially between the retaining ring and the through ring, the upper end of the retaining ring is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer shell, a connecting column is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the clamping column, one connecting column corresponds to one connecting ring, the connecting column is inserted in the connecting ring and movably connected with the connecting ring.

7. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 6, characterized in that: A feed port is provided through the middle of the upper surface of the shell, a limiting groove is provided through the middle of the lower surface of the shell, the limiting groove is polygonal in shape, the clamping column is passed through the limiting groove and is slidably connected thereto, a plurality of mutually connected grooves are provided circumferentially on the inner upper surface of the shell, an end of a groove is connected to the tail of an adjacent groove, a protrusion is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the connecting column, and the protrusion is slidably connected to the corresponding groove.

8. The device for additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys by variable diameter multi-wire stirring according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a wire feeding system and a stirring head. The wire feeding system is used to transport the mixed metal wire to the area to be added on the substrate through the stirring head. The upper end of the shell is fixedly connected to the lower end of the stirring head, and the interior of the stirring head is connected to the feeding cavity through the feed port.

9. A method for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by adding a variable diameter multi-wire stirring material, applied to a device for manufacturing a high entropy alloy by adding a variable diameter multi-wire stirring material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: Pre-twisting a plurality of different metal wires into a twisted mixed metal wire, and then passing the mixed metal wire through the inside of the stirring head through the feeding port of the outer shell into the feeding cavity through the wire feeding system; S2: Start the motor, drive the lead screw to rotate through the worm gear structure, drive the corresponding driving column to move, and move the support column and the limit column together through the action of the linkage plate, adjust the size of the threading cavity until it matches the diameter of the mixed metal wire, so that the mixed metal wire can just pass through the threading cavity, and then start the hydraulic cylinder, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is plugged into the corresponding limit hole, and lock the limit column; S3: starting the stirring head, performing friction stir additive manufacturing through the stirring friction of the clamping column and the stirring and downward pressure of the stirring head, wherein the stirring head performs friction stir additive manufacturing on the substrate according to a preset program, and deposits layer by layer in an upward growth manner starting from the first layer until the last layer, i.e., the Nth layer, is deposited to obtain an additive component; In the process of depositing the first layer to the Nth layer, each layer is subjected to high-temperature strong plastic deformation, tissue crushing and refinement by stirring friction, thereby achieving orderly tissue flow deposition and obtaining a deposition layer; S4: performing solid solution treatment on the additive component to obtain the desired high entropy alloy component.

10. The method for manufacturing high entropy alloy by variable diameter multi-wire stirring additive manufacturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The raw material of the mixed metal wire is a combination of at least four metal wire materials of Al, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zr, Nb, V, W and Mn.

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