Nickel-based alloy welding wire and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of alloy welding wires, and the nickel-based alloy welding wire comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: 0.005%-0.05% of C, 0.005%-0.35% of Mn, 0.001%-0.015% of P, 0.001%-0.015% of S, 0.01%-0.4% of Si, 20.5%-24% of Cr, 8.0%-9.6% of Mo, 0.05%-4% of Fe, 3.25%-4.25% of Nb, 0.005%-0.5% of Co, 0.01%-0.35% of Al, 0.01%-0.35% of Ti, 0.001%-0.01% of Ta, 0.001%-0.02% of Cu, 0.12%-0.25% of mixed rare earth elements and the balance of Ni. According to the nickel-based alloy welding wire and the preparation method and application thereof, Ni can form a tough matrix, Co, Cr, Mo and other alloy solid solution strengthening elements, the corrosion resistance of the welding wire is improved, high-temperature oxidation is reduced, and the Co element also improves the thermal stability and manufacturing performance of the welding wire. Precipitation hardening elements such as Nb, Ta, Ti and Al are added, and the rare earth elements Ce and La are added, so that the grain boundary can be purified, and the high-purity nickel-based high-temperature alloy welding wire is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding wires, in particular to a nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cr22.5Ni61Mo8.8Nb3.75Co0.25 nickel-based alloy welding wire has high corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and is used for welding or repairing high temperature resistant metal materials. Nickel-based alloy welding wire has good performance of resistance to active gas, caustic medium, and reducing acid medium corrosion, and has the characteristics of high strength, hot and cold deformation, processing and welding. Therefore, it is widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, metallurgy, atomic energy, marine development, aviation, and aerospace to solve engineering corrosion problems that cannot be solved by general stainless steel and other metals and non-metallic materials. It is a very important corrosion-resistant metal material. Nickel-based alloy refers to an alloy with nickel as the matrix and containing alloy elements, and can resist corrosion in some media. However, the alloy element content in Cr22.5Ni61Mo8.8Nb3.75Co0.25 alloy is relatively high, and hot cracks are easily generated during welding. Low melting point impurity elements are easy to cause welds to become brittle at high temperatures, and also cause corrosion resistance to decrease. To this end, the present invention provides a nickel-based alloy welding wire and its preparation method and application to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, which solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a nickel-based alloy welding wire, comprising the following elemental components in weight percentage: C 0.005%-0.05%, Mn 0.005%-0.35%, P 0.001%-0.015%, S0.001%-0.015%, Si 0.01%-0.4%, Cr 20.5%-24%, Mo 8.0%-9.6%, Fe 0.05%-4%, Nb3.25%-4.25%, Co 0.005%-0.5%, Al 0.01%-0.35%, Ti 0.01%-0.35%, Ta 0.001%-0.01%, Cu 0.001%-0.02%, mixed rare earth elements 0.12%-0.25%, and the balance is Ni; Preferably, the following elemental components are included in weight percentage: C 0.05%, Mn 0.35%, P 0.015%, S0.015%, Si 0.4%, Cr 24%, Mo 9.6%, Fe 4%, Nb 4.25%, Co 0.5%, Al 0.35%, Ti 0.35%, Ta0.01%, Cu 0.02%, mixed rare earth elements 0.25%, and the balance is Ni.

[0005] Preferably, the following elemental components are included in weight percentage: C 0.005%, Mn 0.005%, P 0.001%, S0.001%, Si 0.01%, Cr 20.5%, Mo 8.0%, Fe 0.05%, Nb 3.25%, Co 0.005%, Al 0.01%, Ti0.01%, Ta 0.001%, Cu 0.001%, mixed rare earth elements 0.12%, and the balance is Ni.

[0006] Preferably, the following elemental components are included in weight percentage: C 0.03%, Mn 0.18%, P 0.01%, S0.01%, Si 0.25%, Cr 22.5%, Mo 8.8%, Fe 2.5%, Nb 3.75%, Co 0.25%, Al 0.2%, Ti 0.2%, Ta0.005%, Cu 0.01%, mixed rare earth elements 0.20%, and the balance is Ni.

[0007] A method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: Step 1. Weigh each raw material: electrolytic nickel, metallic chromium, metallic molybdenum, tantalum-niobium alloy, metallic cobalt, sponge titanium, aluminum block, ferromanganese alloy, ferrosilicon alloy, rare earth cerium-lanthanum alloy. No impurities such as oil stains and water stains are allowed on the surface of the raw materials. Before loading, ensure that the cold leakage rate of the smelting furnace equipment is less than 0.03Pa / min, and the vacuum chamber and feeding equipment are in a clean state. When loading, ensure that high-melting-point metals such as cobalt, molybdenum, and niobium are placed in the high-temperature zone, and large pieces of aluminum are slowly added from the feeding chamber. The initial vacuum degree of alloy smelting is less than 0.2Pa. Use low-power power transmission, slow heating, and then gradually increase the power for staged heating. During refining, the melting of the alloy should be correctly judged to ensure that the vacuum degree is less than 0.3Pa. The steel melting current is 10000A~12000A. After the alloying is completed, the metal liquid surface temperature is measured at 1430±10℃ and pouring can be carried out; Step 2: Grind the surface of the product in step 1, and then perform electroslag remelting. All slag materials should be dried according to the process requirements before use. After all the slag materials are melted, steelmaking begins. Shrinkage is supplemented for 50 to 60 minutes before the end of melting, and the ingot is removed after cooling for 1 to 2 hours. Step 3: homogenizing the alloy ingot and heat treating it. When the temperature reaches 1150±10℃, keep it warm for 2-2.5h and cool it quickly. Step 4: Forging the alloy ingot, heating the ingot to 1250±10℃ for at least 2h, starting forging, starting at 1150℃, and ending at 950℃, and finally forging into round steel; Step 5: annealing at a temperature of 1020±20°C, a holding time of 60-90°C, rapid cooling, and pickling; Step 6: Repeat the drawing and hydrogen annealing process, with the diameter of each drawing not exceeding 2 mm, until a welding wire of 0.8 to 4 mm is formed.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1, the vacuum degree is less than 0.3 Pa and the smelting temperature is 1420-14400°C.

[0009] Preferably, in step 2, the steel melting current is 10000A-12000A, the shrinkage is supplemented for 50-60 minutes, and the ingot is removed after cooling for 1-2 hours. The forging temperature is 1250-1400°C, and the temperature is kept for 2.5-3 hours after the forging is completed.

[0010] Preferably, in the step three, after homogenization heat treatment at 1150±10° C., the mixture is kept warm for 2-2.5 hours and then rapidly cooled.

[0011] Preferably, in step 4, the initial forging temperature is 1150°C and the final forging temperature is 950°C.

[0012] Preferably, in step five, the annealing temperature is 1020±20°C, and the holding time is 60-90°C.

[0013] Preferably, in step six, the diameter of each drawing does not exceed 2 mm until a welding wire of 0.8 to 4 mm is formed by drawing.

[0014] The invention discloses an application of a method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire. The method can manufacture a nickel-based high-temperature solid welding wire with high purity and good corrosion resistance through raw material and process control.

[0015] The present invention provides a nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the nickel-based alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, Ni itself can form a strong and tough matrix, Co, Cr, Mo and other alloy solid solution strengthening elements improve the corrosion resistance of the welding wire, reduce high-temperature oxidation, and the Co element also improves the thermal stability and manufacturing performance of the welding wire. Precipitation hardening elements such as Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, etc. can effectively improve the high-temperature strength of the welding wire. By strictly controlling the S and P contents, the purity of the welding wire is improved and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved. The addition of rare earth elements Ce and La can improve the state of the grain boundaries. Rare earth elements can improve fatigue resistance and enhance fatigue resistance, making the welding wire have a longer service life under cyclic loads; Cr forms a dense Cr2O3 oxide film at high temperature to prevent further oxidation of the internal metal and improve oxidation resistance. In addition, in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, alloy elements can form a stable surface film to prevent the erosion of liquid metal and improve the corrosion resistance of the nickel-based alloy welding wire; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This technical solution discloses the following three embodiments: Example 1 A method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: Step 1: Weigh the raw materials: electrolytic nickel, metallic chromium, metallic molybdenum, tantalum-niobium alloy, metallic cobalt, titanium sponge, aluminum block, ferromanganese alloy, ferrosilicon alloy, rare earth cerium-lanthanum alloy (C 0.05%, Mn 0.35%, P 0.015%, S 0.015%, Si 0.4%, Cr24%, Mo 9.6%, Fe 4%, Nb 4.25%, Co 0.5%, Al 0.35%, Ti 0.35%, Ta 0.01%, Cu 0.02%, Ce and La mixed rare earth elements 0.25% with a mass ratio of 1:1.4, and the balance is Ni), and the raw material surface is free of oil stains, water stains and other impurities. Before charging, the cold leakage rate of the smelting furnace equipment is 0.015Pa / min, the vacuum chamber and the charging equipment are in a clean state, and high melting point metals such as cobalt, molybdenum, and niobium are placed in the high temperature zone during charging, and large pieces of aluminum are slowly added from the charging chamber. The initial vacuum degree of alloy melting is 0.13Pa. Low power is used for slow heating, and then the power is gradually increased for staged heating. During refining, the melting of the alloy is correctly judged, and the vacuum degree is 0.25Pa. After the alloying is completed, the melting current is 10000A, and the metal liquid surface temperature is poured at 1420℃; Step 2: Grind the surface of the product in step 1, and then perform electroslag remelting after grinding. All slag materials are dried according to the process requirements before use. After all the slag materials are melted, steelmaking begins. Shrinkage is supplemented for 50 minutes before the end of melting, and the ingot is removed after cooling for 1 hour. Step 3: homogenization heat treatment of the alloy ingot at 1150°C for 2.5 hours and rapid cooling; Step 4: Forging the alloy ingot, heating the ingot to 1260°C in stages, and then starting forging after 2 hours of heating, with the initial forging temperature at 1150°C and the final forging temperature at 950°C, and finally forging the ingot into round steel; Step 5: annealing at 1020°C, holding time at 90°C, rapid cooling, and pickling; Step 6: Repeat the drawing and hydrogen annealing process, with the maximum drawing diameter of each time being 1.5 mm and the minimum being 0.2 mm, and drawing to form a 4 mm welding wire.

[0018] Example 2 A method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: Step 1: Weigh the raw materials: electrolytic nickel, metallic chromium, metallic molybdenum, tantalum-niobium alloy, metallic cobalt, titanium sponge, aluminum block, ferromanganese alloy, ferrosilicon alloy, rare earth cerium-lanthanum alloy (C 0.03%, Mn 0.18%, P 0.01%, S 0.01%, Si 0.25%, Cr22.5%, Mo 8.8%, Fe 2.5%, Nb 3.75%, Co 0.25%, Al 0.2%, Ti 0.2%, Ta 0.005%, Cu 0.01%, Ce and La mixed rare earth elements 0.20% with a mass ratio of 1:1, and the balance is Ni), and the raw material surface is free of oil stains, water stains and other impurities. Before charging, the cold leakage rate of the smelting furnace equipment is 0.014Pa / min, the vacuum chamber and the charging equipment are in a clean state, and high melting point metals such as cobalt, molybdenum, and niobium are placed in the high temperature zone during charging, and large pieces of aluminum are slowly added from the charging chamber. The initial vacuum degree of alloy melting is 0.13Pa. Low power is used for slow heating, and then the power is gradually increased for staged heating. The melting of the alloy is correctly judged during refining, and the vacuum degree is 0.3Pa. After the alloying is completed, the melting current is 12000A. After the alloying is completed, the metal liquid surface temperature is 1440℃ for pouring; Step 2: Grind the surface of the product in step 1, and then perform electroslag remelting after grinding. All slag materials are dried according to the process requirements before use. After all the slag materials are melted, steelmaking begins, and shrinkage is supplemented for 60 minutes before the end of melting, and the ingot is removed after cooling for 2 hours; Step 3: homogenization heat treatment of the alloy ingot at 1160°C for 2 hours and rapid cooling; Step 4: Forging the alloy ingot, heating it to 1240°C in stages, and then starting forging after 2.5 hours of heating, with the initial forging temperature at 1140°C and the final forging temperature at 952°C, and finally forging it into round steel; Step 5: annealing at 1000°C, holding time at 90°C, rapid cooling, and pickling; Step 6: Repeat the drawing and hydrogen annealing process, with the maximum drawing diameter of each time being 2 mm and the minimum being 0.2 mm, and drawing to form a 1.6 mm welding wire.

[0019] Example 3 Step 1. Weigh the raw materials: electrolytic nickel, metallic chromium, metallic molybdenum, tantalum-niobium alloy, metallic cobalt, sponge titanium, aluminum block, ferromanganese alloy, ferrosilicon alloy, rare earth cerium-lanthanum alloy (CC 0.005%, Mn 0.005%, P 0.001%, S 0.001%, Si0.01%, Cr 20.5%, Mo 8.0%, Fe 0.05%, Nb 3.25%, Co 0.005%, Al 0.01%, Ti 0.01%, Ta0.001%, Cu 0.001%, Ce and La mixed rare earth elements 0.12% in a mass ratio of 1:0.9, and the balance Ni), and the surface of the raw materials is free of oil stains, water stains and other impurities. The cold leakage rate of the smelting furnace equipment before charging is 0.015Pa / min, the vacuum chamber and charging equipment are in a clean state, and high melting point metals such as cobalt, molybdenum, and niobium are placed in the high temperature zone during charging, and large pieces of aluminum are slowly added from the charging chamber. The initial vacuum degree of alloy smelting is 0.14Pa, and low-power electricity is used for slow heating, and then the power is gradually increased for staged heating. During refining, the melting of the alloy is correctly judged, and the vacuum degree is 0.23Pa. The steel melting current is 12000A. After alloying is completed, the metal liquid surface temperature is 1440℃ for pouring; Step 2: Grind the surface of the product in step 1, and then perform electroslag remelting after grinding. All slag materials are dried according to the process requirements before use. After all the slag materials are melted, steelmaking begins, and shrinkage is supplemented for 60 minutes before the end of melting. After cooling for 1.5 hours, the ingot is removed; Step 3: homogenization heat treatment of the alloy ingot at 1150°C for 2 hours and rapid cooling; Step 4: Forging the alloy ingot, heating it to 1250°C in stages, and then starting forging after 2 hours of heating, with the initial forging temperature at 1130°C and the final forging temperature at 955°C, and finally forging it into round steel; Step 5: annealing at 1040°C, holding time at 60°C, rapid cooling, and pickling; Step 6: Repeat the drawing and hydrogen annealing process, with the maximum drawing diameter of each time being 1.3 mm and the minimum being 0.2 mm, and drawing to form a 0.8 mm welding wire.

[0020] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that no rare earth element is added; the rest remains unchanged.

[0021] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the P content in step 1 is replaced by 0.019%.

[0022] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the insulation time in step 3 is replaced with 1h.

[0023] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the maximum drawing diameter in step six is ​​replaced by 2.5 mm.

[0024] The above welding wires were subjected to metal cladding welding using the smallest possible heat input, and their strength, hardness and corrosion resistance were tested and compared.

[0025] Tensile strength test: CMT-5105 universal electronic material testing machine was used for testing. The test parameters were as follows: loading load 10kN, loading rate 1mm / minn, and 3 measurements were made under each state to take the average value. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0026] Microhardness test: HXS-1000A microhardness tester was used for testing. The test parameters were as follows: loading load 300g, loading time 15s, 5 measurements were made in each state, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0027] Table 1 Tensile strength / MPa Microhardness / HV Example 1 760.6 276.3 Example 2 765.0 271.9 Example 3 762.6 273.8 Comparative Example 1 745.4 241.6 Comparative Example 2 736.7 250.7 Comparative Example 3 740.3 252.4 Comparative Example 4 742.0 248.5 Corrosion test: According to the requirements of ASTM G28 Method A, the cladding metal was subjected to corrosion test in boiling state for 120 hours. After the test, the results were tested; the results are shown in Table 2.

[0028] Table 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Corrosion rate mm / Y 0.215 0.258 0.235 0.352 0.654 0.376 0.402 Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nickel-based alloy welding wire, characterized in that: According to weight percentage, it contains the following elements: C 0.005%-0.05%, Mn 0.005%-0.35%, P 0.001%-0.015%, S 0.001%-0.015%, Si 0.01%-0.4%, Cr20.5%-24%, Mo 8.0%-9.6%, Fe 0.05%-4%, Nb 3.25%-4.25%, Co 0.005%-0.5%, Al0.01%-0.35%, Ti 0.01%-0.35%, Ta 0.001%-0.01%, Cu 0.001%-0.02%, mixed rare earth elements 0.12%-0.25%, and the balance is Ni; Wherein, the mixed rare earth elements are Ce and La, and the mass ratio of Ce to La is 1:(0.9-1.4).

2. A nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, it contains the following elements: C 0.05%, Mn 0.35%, P 0.015%, S 0.015%, Si 0.4%, Cr 24%, Mo 9.6%, Fe 4%, Nb4.25%, Co 0.5%, Al 0.35%, Ti 0.35%, Ta 0.01%, Cu 0.02%, mixed rare earth elements 0.25%, and the balance is Ni.

3. A nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, it contains the following elemental components: C 0.005%, Mn 0.005%, P 0.001%, S 0.001%, Si 0.01%, Cr 20.5%, Mo 8.0%, Fe0.05%, Nb 3.25%, Co 0.005%, Al 0.01%, Ti 0.01%, Ta 0.001%, Cu 0.001%, mixed rare earth elements 0.12%, and the balance is Ni.

4. A nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, it contains the following elements: C 0.03%, Mn 0.18%, P 0.01%, S 0.01%, Si 0.25%, Cr 22.5%, Mo 8.8%, Fe 2.5%, Nb 3.75%, Co 0.25%, Al 0.2%, Ti 0.2%, Ta 0.005%, Cu 0.01%, mixed rare earth elements 0.20%, and the balance is Ni.

5. A method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific preparation steps include: Step 1, weigh the raw materials: electrolytic nickel, metal chromium, metal molybdenum, tantalum-niobium alloy, metal cobalt, sponge titanium, aluminum block, ferromanganese alloy, ferrosilicon alloy, rare earth cerium-lanthanum alloy, and no oil or water stains are allowed on the surface of the raw materials; before charging, ensure that the cold leakage rate of the smelting furnace equipment is less than 0.03Pa / min, and the vacuum chamber and feeding equipment are in a clean state. When charging, ensure that high-melting-point metals including cobalt, molybdenum and niobium are placed in the high-temperature zone, and large pieces of aluminum are slowly added from the feeding chamber; the initial vacuum degree of alloy smelting is less than 0.2Pa, and low-power power is used for slow heating, and then the power is gradually increased for staged heating; during refining, correctly judge the melting of the alloy to ensure that the vacuum degree is less than 0.3Pa; the steel melting current is 10000A~12000A, and after the alloying is completed, the metal liquid surface temperature is measured at 1430±10℃ before pouring; Step 2: Grind the surface of the product in step 1, and then perform electroslag remelting after grinding; all slag materials shall be dried according to the process requirements before use; steelmaking shall begin after all the slag materials are melted, and shrinkage shall be supplemented for 50 to 60 minutes before the end of melting, and the ingot shall be removed after cooling for 1 to 2 hours; Step 3: homogenizing the alloy ingot and heat treating it. When the temperature reaches 1150±10℃, keep it warm for 2-2.5h and cool it quickly. Step 4: Forging the alloy ingot, heating the ingot to 1250±10℃ for at least 2h, starting forging, starting at 1150℃, and ending at 950℃, and finally forging into round steel; Step 5: annealing at a temperature of 1020±20°C, a holding time of 60-90°C, rapid cooling, and pickling; Step 6: Repeat the drawing and hydrogen annealing process, with the diameter of each drawing not exceeding 2 mm, until a welding wire of 0.8 to 4 mm is formed.

6. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, the vacuum degree is less than 0.3 Pa and the smelting temperature is 1420-14400°C.

7. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the steel melting current is 10000A-12000A, the shrinkage is supplemented for 50-60 minutes, and the ingot is removed after cooling for 1-2 hours; the forging temperature is 1250-1400°C, and the temperature is kept for 2.5-3 hours after the forging is completed.

8. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, after homogenization heat treatment at 1150±10° C., the temperature is kept at 2-2.5 hours and then rapidly cooled.

9. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 4, the initial forging temperature is 1150°C and the final forging temperature is 950°C.

10. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 5, the annealing temperature is 1020±20° C., and the holding time is 60-90° C.

11. The method for preparing a nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step six, the diameter of each drawing does not exceed 2 mm until a welding wire of 0.8 to 4 mm is formed by drawing.

12. An application of the method for preparing the nickel-based alloy welding wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for preparing the nickel-based alloy welding wire is used to manufacture a nickel-based high-temperature solid welding wire with high purity and high corrosion resistance.