Tensioning device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tensioning device and tensioning method, belong to engineering machinery rope winding technology field.Tensioning device includes rack assembly, at least two tensioning discs, rotating shaft and brake damping part.Tensioning disc is used to wind or release cable, rotating shaft is arranged in brake shell, brake damping part provides damping to tension cable when no load or less than set load value, and cancels damping to avoid load when heavy load or greater than set load value.The present application also provides a crane comprising the tensioning device and tensioning method.The present application realizes the release torque energy auxiliary no-load hook release rope by the cooperation of coil spring and overrunning clutch, improves work efficiency;By the cooperation of friction plate assembly, piston and brake oil port, automatically adjust tensioning force, avoid cable deformation and broken wire problem, with the advantages of improving cable winding quality, automatically adjusting tensioning force, reducing maintenance cost, improving work efficiency and enhancing structural stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rope winding of construction machinery, and in particular to a tensioning device and a tensioning method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hoisting mechanism is an essential key mechanism for a crane or other hoisting machinery to realize its functions, and the winch, rope and other cables are essential key components of the hoisting mechanism. When the hoisting mechanism is working normally, under the condition of lifting heavy objects, the winch provides torque for the rope and other cables by a motor or an electric machine, so that the rope and other cables are neatly and orderly received and wound on the drum structure of the winch. Under the condition of lowering heavy objects, the winch provides reverse torque for the rope and other cables by the motor or the electric machine, so that the rope and other cables are neatly and orderly released from the drum structure of the winch.

[0003] However, there is an industry failure problem of the hoisting mechanism that has not been solved in the current application process. There are two failure phenomena: first, due to the flexible and inherent properties of the rope, the cross-sectional area of the rope shrinks to different degrees under heavy load stretching and light load stretching, resulting in a large difference in the diameter of the rope, while the design rope groove diameter and other dimensions of the winch drum are fixed and do not change, and the winch drum is best matched with a certain rope diameter of the rope and other cables, which will cause problems such as disorderly winding, trapping of the rope and other cables on the winch, and more serious deformation and wire breakage of the rope and other cables. Second, the hoisting machinery has a rope winding condition when not lifting heavy objects and under no load, at which time the tension of the rope and other cables is small, and the rope and other cables are loosely wound on the drum of the winch. This will cause the upper layer of the rope to sink into the lower layer when winding in multiple layers, resulting in problems such as dangerous rope, squeezed rope and disorderly rope. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can provide a certain tension to the rope and other cables when the hoisting machinery is under light load or no load and the winch is winding the rope, so as to ensure the consistency of the diameter of the rope and other cables and the neatness, compactness and tightness of the winding on the winch drum. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a tensioning device and a tensioning method, which can provide uniform and linear adjustable tension when winding the rope under light load or no load by at least two tensioning discs and a brake damping member, avoid deformation and wire breakage of the rope, and further realize auxiliary no-load hook release and rope release by the cooperation of the coil spring and the overrunning clutch to improve the work efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a tensioning device, comprising:

[0006] a rack assembly;

[0007] At least two tensioning discs for winding or unwinding a rope, each of the tensioning discs is provided with a brake housing corresponding to the inner wall of the tensioning disc, one end of the brake housing is connected to the rack assembly, and the tensioning disc is rotationally connected with the brake housing;

[0008] A rotating shaft is provided in the brake housing, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the rack assembly;

[0009] A brake damping member is arranged between the rotating shaft and the brake housing, and is configured to provide damping to tension the rope when the hoisting machinery is empty or the rope is less than a set load value, and cancel the damping to avoid the load when the hoisting machinery is heavy or the rope is greater than the set load value.

[0010] Further, the rack assembly comprises a bottom plate, a first rack and a second rack, the first rack and the second rack are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixed to two ends of the bottom plate, wherein the inner wall of the first rack is fixed with the brake housing, and the inner wall of the second rack is fixed with a support seat.

[0011] Further, one end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the first rack, and the other end of the rotating shaft is sleeved with an overrunning clutch, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the outer ring of the overrunning clutch is fixed with a coil spring mounting seat, and the overrunning clutch is configured to allow the rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction as the coil spring mounting seat in the unwinding direction, and to be opposite to the coil spring mounting seat in the winding direction.

[0012] Further, the tensioning device further comprises:

[0013] A coil spring, the inner ring of the coil spring is fixedly connected with the coil spring mounting seat, and the outer ring of the coil spring is fixedly connected with the tensioning disc;

[0014] When winding the rope, the friction of the rope drives the rotation of the tensioning disc, the tensioning disc drives the coil spring to tighten and wind the force, and the coil spring after storing the force continues to drive the rotation of the overrunning clutch, and when unwinding the rope, the coil spring releases the stored force to accelerate the release of the rope.

[0015] Further, the brake damping member specifically comprises:

[0016] A friction plate assembly, the friction plate assembly comprises a friction static plate and a friction dynamic plate, the two plates are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the friction static plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake housing, and the friction dynamic plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft;

[0017] A piston is arranged at the end of the friction plate assembly close to the first frame, a spring is sleeved on the piston, a spring support is arranged on the inner wall of the first frame, the spring is arranged on the spring support, a sealed cavity is left between the piston and the brake housing to form a brake oil port, a brake oil channel is arranged on the brake housing to deliver pressure oil to the brake oil port to provide pressure to drive the piston to move towards the first frame;

[0018] When there is no pressure oil in the brake oil port, the piston is arranged on the friction plate assembly to provide pressure, thereby increasing the tension of the cable;

[0019] After the brake oil channel delivers pressure oil to the brake oil port, the piston is driven by the pressure oil to move towards the first frame to release the pressure on the friction plate assembly, thereby reducing the tension of the cable.

[0020] Further, the frame assembly further comprises an end cover fixedly connected with the brake housing, and the end of the brake oil channel is arranged on the end cover.

[0021] Further, the end of the tension disc is provided with a mounting groove to fit the coil spring, and the support seat is sleeved with a support disc close to one end of the coil spring, and the support disc is connected with the tension disc to limit the coil spring.

[0022] In the second aspect, the application provides a hoisting machine comprising the tensioning device of the first aspect, comprising:

[0023] A hoisting arm is provided with an arm head pulley at the top end, a tensioning device is fixed on the side wall, and a rotary table is arranged at the bottom end, and the rotary table is provided with a winch;

[0024] A rope cable is provided with a hook at the end;

[0025] The rope cable is wound into one of the tension discs of the tensioning device after being released by the winch, and is wound from another tension disc and released to be connected with the hook through the arm head pulley;

[0026] When the rope is released or wound, the tension disc is driven to rotate by the friction force of the rope cable.

[0027] In the third aspect, the application provides a tensioning method, comprising the following cases:

[0028] When the hoisting machine is unloaded or the hook is wound with a load less than a set load value, the brake oil port has no pressure oil, the friction static plate and the friction dynamic plate are tightly attached under the pressure of the spring and the piston to provide the tension of the rope cable, the rope cable is wound on the winch, the tension disc is driven to rotate by the friction force of the rope cable, the coil spring is rotated to be tightened to store force, and the unloading winding is ended.

[0029] When the hoisting machinery is in an empty load or a load less than a set load value, the brake oil port has no pressure oil, the torque energy of the coil spring after force storage is released, the rope cable pushing force is provided to assist the winch to release the rope, and the rope cable is relied on inertia to cooperate with the overrunning clutch to rotate in a reverse direction to continue to release the hook.

[0030] Further, the tensioning method further includes the following cases:

[0031] When the hoisting machinery is in a heavy load or a load greater than the set load value, pressure is provided through the brake oil port, no pressure exists between the friction static sheet and the friction dynamic sheet, and the tensioning device does not play a tensioning role to avoid a load.

[0032] When the hoisting machinery is in a heavy load or a load greater than the set load value, the overrunning clutch is relied on to rotate in a reverse direction to achieve a no-resistance release of the hook.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) The present application can provide uniform and linear adjustable tensioning force when the rope is released under light load or empty load by setting at least two tensioning discs and brake dampers, ensure that the rope cable maintains consistent diameter and neat and dense arrangement when winding on the winch drum, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as irregular winding, rope disorder and rope sinking, and reducing the risk of rope deformation and broken wires.

[0035] (2) The present application can adjust the tensioning force according to the size of the load by the cooperation of the piston and the brake oil port, provide tensioning force by the friction force of the friction sheet assembly when the rope cable needs to be provided with tensioning force, and separate the dynamic friction sheet from the static friction sheet by injecting pressure oil when the rope cable does not need to be provided with tensioning force, thereby reducing the load of the winch, so that the actual working condition demand can be flexibly adjusted, and the adaptability and safety of operation are improved.

[0036] (3) The present application uses the torque energy stored in the coil spring to assist the release of the rope cable when the hook is released under empty load or light load, and releases the torque energy of the coil spring to the rope cable to push it to release, thereby solving the problem of difficult, unsmooth or even impossible release of the rope cable in the prior art.

[0037] (4) The present application eliminates the pump, valve, high-pressure pipeline and other hydraulic system components, reduces the complexity and maintenance cost of the system, uses the friction sheet assembly as a mechanical brake type damping structure which is simple and reliable, easy to arrange, and low in cost.

[0038] (5) The tensioning device and method of the present application are suitable for various working conditions such as light load, no load and heavy load, and have wide applicability. In particular, when the rope is wound at no load or less than the set load value, the brake damping member provides the rope wound between the tensioning discs with continuous tensioning force, and when the rope is unwound at no load or less than the set load value, the auxiliary action of the coil spring can make the rope unwind smoothly, thereby improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0039] In summary, the tensioning device and method of the present application have remarkable beneficial effects in improving the winding quality of the rope, automatically adjusting the tensioning force, reducing the maintenance cost, improving the operation efficiency and enhancing the structural stability, and are suitable for hoisting machinery under various working conditions, and have good market application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The tensioning device provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the structural schematic view;

[0041] Figure 2 The hoisting machinery of the tensioning device provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the schematic view;

[0042] Figure 3 The partial assembly of the tensioning device provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the schematic view;

[0043] Figure 4 The friction plate assembly provided for the embodiment of the present application is shown in the schematic view;

[0044] Label explanation: 1, rope; 2, hook; 3, hoisting arm; 4, rotating table; 5, winch; 6, tensioning device; 7, arm head pulley; 6-1, tensioning disc; 6-2, first bearing; 6-3, brake housing; 6-4, brake oil port; 6-5, spring; 6-6, piston; 6-7, second bearing; 6-8, end cover; 6-9, rotating shaft; 6-10, friction plate assembly; 6-10-1, friction static plate; 6-10-2, friction dynamic plate; 6-11, first rack; 6-12, coil spring; 6-13, coil spring mounting seat; 6-14, overrunning clutch; 6-15, support seat; 6-16, third bearing; 6-17, support disc; 6-18, second rack; 6-19, bottom plate; 6-20, interference pin shaft; 6-21, top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "axial", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a tensioning device, comprising:

[0049] a rack assembly;

[0050] at least two tensioning discs 6-1 for winding or paying out the rope 1, each tensioning disc 6-1 has a brake housing 6-3 corresponding arranged on the inner wall, one end of the brake housing 6-3 is connected to the rack assembly, and the tensioning disc 6-1 is rotatably connected with the brake housing 6-3;

[0051] a rotating shaft 6-9 corresponding arranged in the brake housing 6-3, and one end of the rotating shaft 6-9 is connected to the rack assembly;

[0052] a brake damping member arranged between the rotating shaft 6-9 and the brake housing 6-3, and configured to provide damping to tension the rope 1 when the hoisting machinery is unloaded or the rope is reeled in less than a set load value, and cancel the damping to avoid load when the hoisting machinery is heavily loaded.

[0053] As Figure 3As shown, the rack assembly includes a bottom plate 6-19, a first rack 6-11 and a second rack 6-18, the first rack 6-11 and the second rack 6-18 are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixed at both ends of the bottom plate 6-19, wherein the inner wall of the first rack 6-11 is fixed with a brake shell 6-3, and the inner wall of the second rack 6-18 is fixed with a support seat 6-15; a tensioning disc 6-1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the brake shell 6-3 and is rotatably connected with the brake shell 6-3, and preferably, the tensioning disc 6-1 is connected with the brake shell 6-3 through a first bearing 6-2.

[0054] Further, one end of the rotating shaft 6-9 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first rack 6-11, and the other end is further sleeved with an overrunning clutch 6-14, the inner ring of the overrunning clutch 6-14 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 6-9, and the outer ring of the overrunning clutch 6-14 is fixed with a coil spring mounting seat 6-13, the overrunning clutch 6-14 is configured to allow the rotating shaft 6-9 to rotate in the same direction as the coil spring mounting seat 6-13 in the rope releasing direction, and to be relatively stationary with the coil spring mounting seat 6-13 in the rope winding direction.

[0055] As shown, Figure 3 the tensioning device further includes a coil spring 6-12, the inner ring of the coil spring 6-12 is fixedly connected with the coil spring mounting seat 6-13, and the outer ring of the coil spring 6-12 is fixedly connected with the tensioning disc 6-1; when winding the rope, the friction force of the rope 1 drives the tensioning disc 6-1 to rotate, the tensioning disc 6-1 drives the coil spring 6-12 to tighten and wind up the force, and the coil spring 6-12 continues to drive the overrunning clutch 6-14 to rotate after storing the force, and when releasing the rope, the coil spring 6-12 releases the stored force to accelerate the release of the rope 1.

[0056] As shown, Figure 4 the brake damping member specifically includes:

[0057] a friction plate assembly 6-10, the friction plate assembly 6-10 includes a friction static plate 6-10-1 and a friction dynamic plate 6-10-2, which are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6-9, the friction static plate 6-10-1 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake shell 6-3, and the friction dynamic plate 6-10-2 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 6-9;

[0058] a piston 6-6, which is arranged at the end of the friction plate assembly 6-10 close to the first rack 6-11, a spring 6-5 is sleeved on the piston 6-6, a spring support is arranged on the inner wall of the first rack 6-11, the spring 6-5 is abutted on the spring support, a sealing cavity is left between the piston 6-6 and the brake shell 6-3 to form a brake oil port 6-4, a brake oil channel opened on the brake shell 6-3 is used to deliver pressure oil to the brake oil port 6-4 to provide pressure, and the piston 6-6 is driven to move towards the first rack 6-11;

[0059] When there is no pressure oil in the brake oil port 6-4, the piston 6-6 is abutted against the friction plate assembly 6-10 to provide pressure, thereby increasing the tension of the rope cable 1;

[0060] When the brake oil port 6-4 is supplied with pressure oil, the piston 6-6 is driven by the pressure oil to move towards the first frame 6-11, thereby releasing the pressure on the friction plate assembly 6-10, and reducing the tension of the rope cable 1.

[0061] Specifically, the first frame 6-11 is provided with an interference pin shaft 6-20 to be mounted on the hoisting machinery.

[0062] Further, the rotating shaft 6-9 is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is uniformly distributed with a hole in the circumferential direction, which is communicated with the friction plate assembly 6-10 to circulate the lubricating oil to cool the friction plate assembly 6-10.

[0063] Preferably, the frame assembly further comprises a top plate 6-21 for connecting the first frame 6-11 and the second frame 6-18.

[0064] Further, the frame assembly further comprises an end cover 6-8, which is fixedly connected with the brake shell 6-3 and rotatably connected with the first frame 6-11. Specifically, one end of the connecting shaft 6-9 is supported on the end cover 6-8 through the second bearing 6-7, and the end of the brake oil channel is arranged on the end cover 6-8.

[0065] Preferably, the end of the tension disc 6-1 is provided with a mounting groove to accommodate the coil spring 6-12, and the support seat 6-15 is sleeved with a support disc 6-17 near one end of the coil spring 6-12, the support disc 6-17 is connected with the tension disc 6-1 to limit the coil spring 6-12, and the support disc 6-17 and the support seat 6-15 are rotatably connected through the third bearing 6-16.

[0066] As shown in Figure 2 Fig. 1, as an embodiment, a hoisting machinery comprises:

[0067] a hoisting arm 3, which is provided with an arm head pulley 7 at the top end, a tensioning device 6 fixed on the side wall, and a rotary table 4 at the bottom end, and the rotary table 4 is provided with a winch 5;

[0068] a rope cable 1, which is provided with a hook 2 at the end;

[0069] The rope cable 1 is wound into one tension disc 6-1 of the tensioning device 6 after being released by the winch 5, and is wound from another tension disc 6-1 and released to be connected with the hook 2 through the arm head pulley 7;

[0070] When the rope is released or wound, the tension disc 6-1 is driven to rotate by the friction force of the rope cable 1.

[0071] As an embodiment, a tensioning method comprises:

[0072] When the hoisting machinery is in an empty load or a load less than a set load value, the brake oil port 6-4 has no pressure oil, the friction static plate 6-10-1 and the friction dynamic plate 6-10-2 are tightly attached under the pressure of the spring 6-5 and the piston 6-6, the tensioning force of the rope cable 1 is provided, the rope cable 1 is wound on the winch 5, the rope cable 1 drives the tensioning disc 6-1 to rotate due to the friction force, the coil spring 6-12 is rotated to be tightened, and the empty load rope winding is ended;

[0073] When the hoisting machinery is in an empty load or a load less than a set load value, the brake oil port 6-4 has no pressure oil, the friction static plate 6-10-1 and the friction dynamic plate 6-10-2 are tightly attached under the pressure of the spring 6-5 and the piston 6-6, the tensioning force of the rope cable 1 is provided, the rope cable 1 is wound on the winch 5, the rope cable 1 drives the tensioning disc 6-1 to rotate due to the friction force, the coil spring 6-12 is rotated to be tightened, and the empty load rope winding is ended;

[0074] Further, the tensioning method further comprises:

[0075] When the hoisting machinery is in a heavy load or a load greater than a set load value, the brake oil port 6-4 provides pressure, there is no pressure between the friction static plate 6-10-1 and the friction dynamic plate 6-10-2, and the tensioning device 6 does not have a tensioning effect, so as to avoid the load.

[0076] When the hoisting machinery is in a heavy load or a load greater than a set load value, the rope cable 1 is rotated in a reverse direction by itself to continue to drop the hook to release the rope, relying on the torque energy of the coil spring 6-12.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the present document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0078] The above description is only preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tensioning device, characterized in that The invention relates to a tensioning device for a rope cable (1) of a hoisting machine, comprising: a frame assembly; at least two tensioning discs (6-1) for winding or unwinding the rope cable (1), each of the tensioning discs (6-1) is provided with a brake housing (6-3) corresponding to the inner wall of the tensioning disc (6-1), one end of the brake housing (6-3) is connected to the frame assembly, and the tensioning disc (6-1) is rotatably connected to the brake housing (6-3); a rotating shaft (6-9) is provided in the brake housing (6-3), and one end of the rotating shaft (6-9) is connected to the frame assembly; a brake damping member is arranged between the rotating shaft (6-9) and the brake housing (6-3), and is configured to provide damping to tension the rope cable (1) when the hoisting machine is unloaded or the load is less than a set load value, and cancel the damping to avoid load when the hoisting machine is heavily loaded or the load is greater than the set load value; one end of the rotating shaft (6-9) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first frame (6-11), and the other end is sleeved with an overrunning clutch (6-14), the inner ring of the overrunning clutch (6-14) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (6-9), the outer ring of the overrunning clutch (6-14) is fixedly connected with a coil spring mounting seat (6-13), and the overrunning clutch (6-14) is configured to allow the rotating shaft (6-9) to rotate in the same direction as the coil spring mounting seat (6-13) in the unwinding direction, and to be relatively stationary with the coil spring mounting seat (6-13) in the winding direction; a coil spring (6-12) is provided, the inner ring of the coil spring (6-12) is fixedly connected with the coil spring mounting seat (6-13), and the outer ring of the coil spring (6-12) is fixedly connected with the tensioning disc (6-1); when winding, the rope cable (1) drives the tensioning disc (6-1) to rotate, the tensioning disc (6-1) drives the coil spring (6-12) to tighten and store energy, and the coil spring (6-12) continues to drive the rotation of the overrunning clutch (6-14) after storing energy, and when unwinding, the coil spring (6-12) releases the stored energy to accelerate the release of the rope cable (1).

2. The tensioning device according to claim 1, wherein: the frame assembly comprises a bottom plate (6-19), a first frame (6-11) and a second frame (6-18), the first frame (6-11) and the second frame (6-18) are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixed to two ends of the bottom plate (6-19), wherein the first frame (6-11) is fixed with the brake housing (6-3) on the inner wall, and the second frame (6-18) is fixed with a support seat (6-15) on the inner wall.

3. The tensioning device of claim 1, wherein, The brake damping member specifically comprises: a friction plate assembly (6-10) comprising a friction static plate (6-10-1) and a friction dynamic plate (6-10-2), which are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (6-9), the friction static plate (6-10-1) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the brake housing (6-3), and the friction dynamic plate (6-10-2) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rotating shaft (6-9). Piston (6-6) is arranged at the end of the friction plate assembly (6-10) near the first rack (6-11), spring (6-5) is sleeved on the piston (6-6), spring support is arranged on the inner wall of the first rack (6-11), the spring (6-5) is arranged on the spring support, the piston (6-6) and the brake housing (6-3) are left with a sealed cavity to form a brake oil port (6-4), the brake oil channel of the brake housing (6-3) is used for conveying pressure oil to the brake oil port (6-4) to provide pressure, and the piston (6-6) is pushed to move to the first rack (6-11) direction; When there is no pressure oil in the brake oil port (6-4), the piston (6-6) is arranged on the friction plate assembly (6-10) to provide pressure, thereby increasing the tension of the cable (1); After the brake oil channel conveys pressure oil to the brake oil port (6-4), the piston (6-6) is pushed by the pressure oil to move to the first rack (6-11) direction, so as to release the pressure on the friction plate assembly (6-10), thereby reducing the tension of the cable (1).

4. A tensioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that The rack assembly further comprises an end cover (6-8) fixedly connected with the brake housing (6-3), and the end of the brake oil channel is arranged on the end cover (6-8).

5. A tensioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that The end of the tension disc (6-1) is provided with a mounting groove to adapt to the coil spring (6-12), and the support seat (6-15) is sleeved with a support disc (6-17) near one end of the coil spring (6-12), and the support disc (6-17) is connected with the tension disc (6-1) to limit the coil spring (6-12).

6. A hoisting machine comprising the tensioning device of claim 5, characterized in that Comprise: The lifting arm (3) is provided with an arm head pulley (7) at the top end, a tensioning device (6) is fixed on the side wall, and a rotary table (4) is arranged at the bottom end, and the side wall of the rotary table (4) is provided with a winch (5); The rope cable (1) is provided with a hook (2) at the end; The rope cable (1) is wound into one tension disc (6-1) of the tensioning device (6) after being put out by the winch (5), and is wound from another tension disc (6-1) and put out again through the arm head pulley (7) and the hook (2); When the rope is put out or collected, the friction force of the rope cable (1) drives the rotation of the tension disc (6-1).

7. A method of tensioning, based on the hoisting machine of the tensioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Comprise: When the hoisting machinery is unloaded or the hook is collected when the load is less than the set load value, the brake oil port (6-4) has no pressure oil, the friction static plate (6-10-1) and the friction dynamic plate (6-10-2) are closely attached under the pressure of the spring (6-5) and the piston (6-6), the tension of the rope cable (1) is provided, the rope cable (1) is wound on the winch (5), the rope cable (1) is driven to rotate the tension disc (6-1) due to the friction force, and the coil spring (6-12) is rotated to tighten the force storage, until the unloaded rope collection is finished. When the hoisting machinery is in the state of empty load or the rope is being released with the hook under the condition of less than the set load value, the brake oil port (6-4) has no pressure oil, the torque energy of the spring (6-12) after energy storage is released, the pushing force of the rope cable (1) is provided to assist the winch (5) to release the rope, and after the torque energy of the spring (6-12) is completely released, the rope cable (1) relies on inertia to cooperate with the overrunning clutch (6-14) in the reverse direction to continue to release the rope with the hook.

8. The tensioning method according to claim 7, characterized in that The following cases are also included: When the hoisting machinery is in the state of heavy load or the rope is being taken up with the hook under the condition of more than the set load value, pressure is provided through the brake oil port (6-4), there is no pressure between the friction static sheet (6-10-1) and the friction dynamic sheet (6-10-2), and the tensioning device (6) does not have a tensioning effect, so as to avoid load; When the hoisting machinery is in the state of heavy load or the rope is being released with the hook under the condition of more than the set load value, the overrunning clutch (6-14) is relied on to rotate in the reverse direction to realize the release of the rope with the hook without resistance.

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