A tidal power plant and method of generating power therefrom

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tidal water conservancy power generation, and provides a power station based on tidal power and a power generation method thereof, which comprises a first infrastructure, a second infrastructure, a power generation device, an adjusting device and an energy storage device; the first infrastructure and the second infrastructure are oppositely arranged to form a flow guide channel for tidal water between the first infrastructure and the second infrastructure; the power generation device is arranged in the flow guide channel and used for generating power under the action of the tidal water in the flow guide channel and outputting electric energy; the adjusting device is used for adjusting the flow, flow rate and flow direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the flow guide channel according to the fluctuation of the tidal water flow rate; and the energy storage device is connected with the power generation device and used for storing the electric energy output by the power generation device and outputting and connecting to the grid. The present application can effectively buffer the fluctuation of the electric energy output by the power generation device, realize the flexible grid connection of the electric energy output by the power station, and further effectively improve the stability of the overall operation of the tidal power generation station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tidal hydropower, specifically to a power station based on tidal power and its power generation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy, tidal power generation has attracted much attention as a sustainable energy development method. Tidal power is the periodic change in water level caused by the gravitational interaction of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Tidal power can be characterized by tidal energy and current energy. Building power plants based on these tidal forces has many advantages, such as being renewable and pollution-free.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the stability of power plant operation faces severe challenges. Taking tidal power generation as an example, its energy density is relatively low. During power generation, the periodic changes in tides cause significant fluctuations in parameters such as water flow velocity and water level, leading to unstable power output from the power generation device. Although tidal current power generation concentrates energy in specific sea areas, the speed and direction of tidal currents are affected by various factors, exhibiting intermittency and volatility, making it difficult for the power generation device to operate continuously and stably. Moreover, regardless of the type of tidal power generation, the complex and variable marine environment, such as abnormal changes in ocean currents caused by extreme weather, may exceed the normal operating range designed for the power plant, further exacerbating the fluctuations in power output and even threatening the safety of the power generation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tidal power plant and its power generation method, which solves the problems of unstable continuous operation and unstable power output of existing tidal power generation technology. It can reduce the power generation fluctuation of the power generation device under tidal power, make the power output to the grid stable, and thus effectively improve the overall operational stability of the tidal power plant.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a tidal power station, comprising:

[0006] The first infrastructure entity;

[0007] The second infrastructure is set opposite to the first infrastructure to form a channel for water to flow between the first infrastructure and the second infrastructure;

[0008] A power generation device is installed inside the flow channel. The power generation device is used to generate electricity under the action of the tide in the flow channel and output electrical energy.

[0009] A regulating device for adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guide channel according to fluctuations in the tidal flow velocity;

[0010] An energy storage device is connected to a power generation device. The energy storage device is used to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and output it to the grid.

[0011] According to the present invention, a tidal power station further includes:

[0012] The third infrastructure component is located at the entrance of the diversion channel, and / or,

[0013] The fourth infrastructure component is located at the exit of the diversion channel;

[0014] Both the third and fourth infrastructure buildings have a terraced structure.

[0015] According to the present invention, a tidal power station is provided, wherein a first base is provided with a first slot and a second base is provided with a second slot;

[0016] The regulating device includes:

[0017] The gantry frame is installed on the first and second infrastructure structures to be erected above the flow channel;

[0018] An arc-shaped adjustment plate is installed in the first slot at one end and in the second slot at the other end;

[0019] The drive mechanism is installed on the gantry frame. The drive mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped adjustment plate through a steel wire rope, thereby suspending the arc-shaped adjustment plate on the guide channel.

[0020] A flow velocity sensor is used to collect fluctuations in tidal flow velocity.

[0021] The controller, connected to both the drive mechanism and the flow rate sensor, controls the drive mechanism to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped regulating plate based on the fluctuation of the tidal flow rate, thereby adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the guide channel.

[0022] According to the present invention, a power station based on tidal power is provided, and the regulating device further includes two guiding mechanisms. The two guiding mechanisms are respectively disposed on the top of the first slot and the second slot. Each guiding mechanism includes a support frame and multiple guide wheels. The support frames of the two guiding mechanisms are respectively disposed on the first base and the second base, and the multiple guide wheels are all in close contact with the arc-shaped regulating plate.

[0023] According to the present invention, a power station based on tidal power is provided, wherein the energy storage device includes a transient energy storage unit and a steady-state energy storage unit. The input end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output end of the power generation device, the first output end of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to an inverter device, the second output end of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the input end of the steady-state energy storage unit, the output end of the steady-state energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, and the inverter device is used to connect to the grid bus.

[0024] The transient energy storage unit is located near the power generation device, while the steady-state energy storage unit is located near the grid connection bus. The transient energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and output it to the grid. The steady-state energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation of the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit exceeds a preset value.

[0025] According to the present invention, a tidal power plant further includes an environmental sensor, a positioning sensor, and a grid-connected control terminal; the environmental sensor, the positioning sensor, and the energy storage device are all connected to the grid-connected control terminal.

[0026] Environmental sensors are used to collect environmental data about the environment in which the power plant is located;

[0027] The positioning sensor is used to collect the geographic coordinate data of the power plant's location;

[0028] The grid-connected control terminal is used to predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device based on environmental data and geographic coordinate data, and to control the energy storage device to perform power distribution tasks. The power fluctuation curve is the curve of the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device changing over time.

[0029] According to the present invention, a power station based on tidal power is provided, wherein the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device through the prediction model.

[0030] According to the present invention, a power station based on tidal power is provided, wherein the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: when the power fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing segment and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is insufficient, control the power output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus.

[0031] According to the present invention, a power station based on tidal power is provided, wherein the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: output the electrical energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, and when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than a preset fluctuation range, control the transient energy storage unit to output the electrical energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at a target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate corresponding to the preset fluctuation range in which the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is less than or equal to the current remaining power of the steady-state energy storage unit.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power generation method for a tidal power plant, applied to the tidal power plant of the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0033] The regulating device adjusts the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guiding channel based on the fluctuation of the tide flow velocity.

[0034] The power generation device generates electricity under the action of tidal water in the guide channel and outputs electrical energy;

[0035] Energy storage devices store the electrical energy output by power generation devices and then output it to the grid.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0037] This invention provides a tidal power plant and its power generation method. When generating electricity based on tidal power, the power generation device is placed in a guide channel between a first and second infrastructure structure. This allows the tide to flow orderly to the power generation device during rises and falls, reducing the impact of tidal turbulence on the device's fluctuations. By adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide allowed to pass through the guide channel based on the fluctuation of the tide's velocity, the impact of tidal fluctuations on the power output of the power generation device is reduced. Simultaneously, an energy storage device is installed to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and then connect it to the grid, effectively buffering the fluctuations in the power output and achieving flexible grid connection of the power plant's output. This invention reduces the power generation fluctuations under tidal power from multiple dimensions, ensuring stable power output to the grid and effectively improving the overall operational stability of the tidal power plant. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] In the attached diagram:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a top view of the tidal power plant based on the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the power generation device, energy storage device, and inverter device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the entire process of grid connection for a power plant based on tidal power according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the power generation method of the tidal power plant according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 1-First infrastructure, 2-Second infrastructure, 3-Flow channel, 4-Power generation device, 5-Regulating device, 6-Energy storage device, 7-Third infrastructure, 8-Fourth infrastructure; 11-First slot, 12-Second slot; 51-Gantry frame, 52-Arc-shaped adjusting plate, 53-Drive mechanism, 54-Wire rope, 55, 56-Guiding mechanism, 57-Guiding wheel, 58-Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0050] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a tidal power station, comprising a first infrastructure 1, a second infrastructure 2, a power generation device 4, a regulating device 5, and an energy storage device 6. In this invention, tidal power refers to the power generated by tidal energy or current energy.

[0051] The first infrastructure 1 and the second infrastructure 2 are arranged opposite to each other to form a guide channel 3 for tidal water to pass through. A power generation device 4 is installed within the guide channel 3 to generate electricity under the influence of the tidal water and output electrical energy. A regulating device 5 adjusts the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the guide channel 3 according to the fluctuations in tidal flow velocity, thereby reducing the fluctuations in the output electrical energy of the power generation device 4 caused by tidal fluctuations. When the tidal flow velocity fluctuates continuously with the tidal cycle, a high flow velocity results in a strong impact force and a large output power of the power generation device 4; conversely, a slow flow velocity results in the opposite, making the electrical energy output unstable. An energy storage device 6 is connected to the power generation device 4 to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device 4 and output it to the grid.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first infrastructure 1 and the second infrastructure 2 are constructed opposite to each other to form a channel 3 for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure 1 and the second infrastructure 2, such as... Figure 1As shown, both the inlet and outlet of the flow channel 3 can be constructed as arc-shaped structures, with the inlet and outlet gradually narrowing towards the middle of the flow channel 3 to increase the tidal flow velocity within the flow channel 3 and improve power generation efficiency. The top width of the flow channel 3 is greater than the bottom width, and the trapezoidal structure, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, provides better stability. In a marine environment, the flow channel 3 needs to withstand various external forces such as tidal pressure, wave impact, and siltation. The trapezoidal structure can better disperse these external forces, preventing pressure concentration on the walls of the flow channel 3, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength of the flow channel 3. Furthermore, when tidal water enters the flow channel 3, the wider opening at the top provides a buffer space for the tidal water upon entry, naturally slowing its speed and facilitating more stable power generation by the power generation device 4 utilizing tidal power.

[0053] When generating electricity based on tidal energy, the first infrastructure 1 and the second infrastructure 2 can be seawalls, constructed using methods such as earthwork, stone piling, or concrete pouring. For example, they can be layered and compacted according to engineering design requirements to form a robust dam capable of withstanding the impact of waves and tides. When generating electricity based on tidal current, the first infrastructure 1 and the second infrastructure 2 can also be cast-in-the-sea pile structures. Pile foundations are columnar structures that penetrate deep into the seabed strata. They can be formed by drilling holes in the ocean and then pouring in materials such as concrete. The pile structures can be fixed in position in the marine environment, forming stable current-guiding channels 3. In the face of complex marine environments, the pile foundations can be firmly rooted in the seabed, ensuring that the position of the infrastructure does not shift.

[0054] The power generation device 4 can be a tidal power generator or a current power generator, as long as it can output electrical energy based on tidal power; no specific restrictions are imposed here. The power generation device 4 is installed inside the flow channel 3. It generates electricity under the influence of the tidal current within the channel 3 and outputs the electrical energy. During high tide, the tidal water flows into the flow channel 3, impacting the blades of the power generation device 4 and causing them to rotate and generate electricity. During low tide, the returning tidal water similarly drives the power generation device 4. The generated electrical energy is then processed through transformers and rectifiers before being output.

[0055] In practical applications, tidal currents often carry a large amount of sediment, which flows directly into the diversion channel 3 with the tides. The sediment accumulation affects the normal operation of the power station. Based on this, the power station also includes a third infrastructure 7 and / or a fourth infrastructure 8; the third infrastructure 7 is located at the entrance of the diversion channel 3, and the fourth infrastructure 8 is located at the exit of the diversion channel. Both the third and fourth infrastructures are terraced structures.

[0056] Specifically, in some embodiments, the third infrastructure 7 is constructed at the inlet of the flow channel 3; the fourth infrastructure 8 is constructed at the outlet of the flow channel 3. Both the third infrastructure 7 and the fourth infrastructure 8 are terraced structures, meaning that the horizontal height of the steps decreases sequentially at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel 3. The terraced structure can reduce the accumulation of silt in the flow channel 3. During high tide, the tide carries silt into the flow channel 3. The third infrastructure 7 at the inlet plays its role first; its stepped structure reduces the tide velocity and lengthens the water flow path. Due to the reduced flow velocity, the silt begins to settle under gravity, and some of the silt is intercepted here. Similarly, during low tide, the fourth infrastructure 8 can reduce the deposition of silt in the flow channel 3. Of course, in practical applications, only the third infrastructure 7, only the fourth infrastructure 8, or both the third infrastructure 7 and the fourth infrastructure 8 can be constructed according to specific needs.

[0057] In some embodiments, the regulating device 5 may include an electric gate or a hydraulic gate installed on the first infrastructure 1 and / or the second infrastructure 2. When the electric gate or hydraulic gate is lowered, it can reduce the flow rate of tidal water allowed through the guide channel 3, limiting excessive tidal water inflow and preventing the power generation device 4 from overspeeding and causing excessive output power. Conversely, when the flow rate decreases, the flow rate of tidal water increases to ensure sufficient tidal water to drive power generation. Through this dynamic regulation, the flow rate of tidal water entering the guide channel 3 is kept relatively stable, thereby reducing the fluctuation of output power of the power generation device 4 caused by changes in tidal flow rate and ensuring a stable power supply.

[0058] Specifically, the fluctuation of tidal flow velocity can be acquired in real time based on the flow velocity sensor installed in the flow channel 3. Alternatively, multiple flow velocity sensors can be installed at the inlet and inside the flow channel 3 to determine the fluctuation. For example, based on multiple data points acquired by various flow velocity sensors, a three-dimensional flow field model can be constructed to analyze the spatial distribution, and time series analysis can be performed using statistical methods to obtain the accurate fluctuation of tidal flow velocity. Data cleaning can also be performed on the acquired data to obtain the accurate fluctuation of tidal flow velocity within the flow channel 3. The fluctuation of tidal flow velocity can be characterized as a fluctuation curve, i.e., a curve showing the change of tidal flow velocity fluctuation over time.

[0059] Furthermore, the regulating device 5 can establish a correspondence between different fluctuation amounts and the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guide channel 3. Based on the current fluctuation amount of the tide velocity, the corresponding current flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is currently allowed to pass through the guide channel 3 are determined in the correspondence. Based on the current flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is currently allowed to pass through the guide channel 3, the guide channel 3 is adjusted to reduce the fluctuation of the electrical energy output of the power generation device 4.

[0060] If the adjustment device 5 is adjusted too frequently, it will affect its service life and may increase flow velocity fluctuations. Therefore, a fluctuation threshold for the tidal flow velocity can be set. When the fluctuation exceeds this threshold, the adjustment device 5 is activated for adjustment. Furthermore, after detecting that the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity exceeds the fluctuation threshold, adjustment is not performed immediately; a delay time is set. If, within the delay time, the fluctuation returns to within the fluctuation threshold, no adjustment is performed; otherwise, adjustment is performed.

[0061] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the regulating device 5, which includes a gantry frame 51, an arc-shaped regulating plate 52, a drive mechanism 53, a flow rate sensor, and a controller. A first slot 11 is provided on the first base 1, and a second slot 12 is provided on the second base 2. The drive mechanism 53 is mounted on the gantry frame 51 and is connected to the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 via a steel wire rope 54, thereby suspending the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 above the flow channel 3. Both the drive mechanism 53 and the flow rate sensor are connected to the controller.

[0062] The gantry frame 51 can be a steel structure, installed on the first base 1 and the second base 2, and erected above the guide channel 3. The gantry frame 51 serves as the supporting frame for the entire regulating device 5. The steel structure ensures sufficient strength and stability to withstand various external forces encountered in the marine environment, such as the impact of tidal currents and the force of sea winds. The gantry frame 51 provides the mounting foundation and working space for components such as the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 and the drive mechanism 53, enabling the regulating device 5 to effectively control the tidal flow rate and velocity within the guide channel 3.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The direction of the middle arrow indicates the direction of tidal flow during high tide. The convex direction of the arc-shaped regulating plate 52 is opposite to the direction of tidal flow to ensure better strength during use. The arc-shaped regulating plate 52 can be made by concrete casting or by welding steel plates. Figure 1 In the horizontal direction shown, one end of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is installed in the first slot 11 of the first base body 1, and the other end is installed in the second slot 12 of the second base body 2. The arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 is suspended above the flow channel 3 by steel wire rope 54.

[0064] The drive mechanism 53 is connected to the wire rope 54, and the drive mechanism 53 adjusts the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 through the wire rope 54. The drive mechanism 53 can consist of a motor and a winding roller, and is installed on the top of the gantry 51. The motor drives the winding roller to rotate, and the winding roller winds the wire rope 54. By rotating the motor in both directions, the length of the wire rope 54 is extended or retracted, thereby adjusting the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52.

[0065] A flow velocity sensor can be installed inside the flow channel 3. The sensor collects data on fluctuations in tidal flow velocity and outputs this data to the controller. The controller, based on these fluctuations, controls the drive mechanism 53 to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped regulating plate 52, thereby adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the flow channel 3. In other words, it controls the drive mechanism 53 to adjust the hoisting height based on the fluctuation data. The flow velocity sensor can sense changes in tidal flow velocity and convert the collected fluctuations into electrical signals for output, providing the controller with accurate judgment data. The position of the regulating device 5 can be set according to actual needs. For example, when generating electricity in one direction based on tidal power, it can be placed at the inlet of the flow channel 3; when generating electricity in two directions based on tidal power, it can be placed at both the inlet and outlet of the flow channel 3.

[0066] When adjusting the height of the arc-shaped regulating plate 52, the controller receives the fluctuation amount output by the flow velocity sensor, performs rapid calculation and judgment based on the preset algorithm and control strategy, and then sends corresponding control commands to the drive mechanism 53 to execute the adjustment of the hoisting height of the arc-shaped regulating plate 52. Through this closed-loop control method, the flow rate, velocity and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guide channel 3 can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time changes in the tidal velocity, effectively reducing the fluctuation of the output power of the power generation device 4 caused by large fluctuations in the tidal velocity, and ensuring the stability and efficiency of the power plant operation.

[0067] It should be noted that the structure of the aforementioned adjusting device 5 is only an example of implementation and can be optimized based on the actual needs of the power plant. For instance, since the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 is suspended by the wire rope 54 for a long time, the wire rope 54 is under constant stress, which may affect its service life. Therefore, slots can be provided on both sides along the height direction of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52. The slots are groove structures, and their shape and size need to be designed according to the actual components such as the pads used. The purpose of providing slots is to provide suitable space for the subsequent placement of pads, allowing the pads to be stably embedded within them. The position of the slots must ensure that the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 reaches the required adjustment height. When adjustment stops, the pads provide effective support. When the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 is adjusted to a suitable height and no longer needs to be changed, that is, when it is in a relatively static state, pads can be placed in the slots. The pads are usually block-shaped objects with a certain strength and a shape that fits the slots, such as rectangular pads made of wood or metal. After these pads are embedded in the slots, their bottoms contact the corresponding infrastructure or other supporting structures, and their tops abut against the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52. This distributes the supporting force that was originally borne entirely by the wire rope 54, so that the wire rope 54 does not have to continuously suspend the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52 for a long time, which alleviates the stress on the wire rope 54, extends the service life of the wire rope 54, and can also more stably fix the position of the arc-shaped adjustment plate 52, reducing the possibility of displacement caused by external forces and other factors, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the adjustment device 5.

[0068] In power plant applications, the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 typically has a large width, which may cause jamming or other problems when adjusting the hoisting height. Therefore, in some embodiments, the adjusting device 5 further includes two guide mechanisms 55 and 56, respectively located on the top of the first slot 11 and the second slot 12. Each guide mechanism 55 and 56 includes a support frame 58 and multiple guide wheels 57. The support frames 58 of the two guide mechanisms 55 and 56 are respectively located on the first base 1 and the second base 2, and the multiple guide wheels 57 are all in close contact with the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52. Figure 2 In the middle, the guide mechanism 55 is constructed on the first infrastructure 1, and the guide mechanism 56 is constructed on the second infrastructure 2; the two guide mechanisms 55 and 56 are mirror images of each other based on the center line of the length direction of the guide channel 3, the guide mechanism 55 is located on the top of the first slot 11, and the guide mechanism 56 is located on the top of the second slot 12.

[0069] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3The diagram shows the structure of guide mechanisms 55 and 56. Multiple guide wheels 57 are mounted on the support frame 58, and all guide wheels 57 are in close contact with the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52. When the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52 moves up and down or is subjected to external force, the guide wheels 57 can roll on the side of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52, guiding and restricting its direction of movement. It can be understood that the two guide mechanisms 55 and 56 can guide both arc-shaped sides of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52, improving the reliability of height adjustment of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 52.

[0070] For example, energy storage device 6 includes transient energy storage units and steady-state energy storage units; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the power generation unit and the energy storage unit. The transient energy storage unit can be an energy storage unit composed of multiple supercapacitors, each supercapacitor alternately charging and discharging energy; it can also be a flywheel energy storage device; or it can be an energy storage unit composed of multiple supercapacitors and a flywheel energy storage device. The transient energy storage unit is located close to the power generation unit 4, and can be installed on the first infrastructure 1 or the second infrastructure 2. The input terminal of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the power generation unit 4, and the first output terminal of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device, which is used to connect to the grid bus. The transient energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy output by the power generation unit 4 and output it to the grid. Figure 4 As shown, the first output terminal of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the grid-connected bus U, V, and W via an inverter. The inverter converts direct current (DC) into three-phase alternating current (AC) for grid connection. It can be understood that during tidal power generation, the electrical energy output by the power generation device 4 fluctuates rapidly due to instantaneous changes in the tidal flow velocity. Placing the transient energy storage unit near the power generation device 4 allows for rapid response to these instantaneous fluctuations at the source of energy generation. For example, during high or low tide, the tidal flow velocity may change drastically in a short period, causing the output power of the power generation device 4 to rise or fall instantaneously. The transient energy storage unit can respond to these changes promptly and store energy.

[0071] Taking a supercapacitor as an example of a transient energy storage unit, the response time of a supercapacitor is within 10 milliseconds (ms), which can handle high-frequency fluctuations or instantaneous power surges in the power output of the power generation device 4, as well as short-term high-frequency fluctuations in power generation under tidal power. These fluctuations typically have an amplitude of ±5%~10% of the rated power and a frequency of 0.1Hz~5Hz. If the energy storage response device is far from the power generation device 4 (e.g., cable length > 500 meters), signal transmission and power adjustment may experience a delay of approximately 5~10ms, comparable to the response time of the supercapacitor, significantly weakening its instantaneous regulation effect. Therefore, placing the supercapacitor near the power generation device 4 ensures that power fluctuations are suppressed at the source, preventing power generation fluctuations from being transmitted to subsequent equipment and causing a chain reaction.

[0072] It should be further explained that the transmission of high-frequency fluctuating power easily induces additional losses, especially in long-distance transmission lines. According to the transmission loss formula, assuming the output power of generator 4 is 5 MW, the fluctuation range is ±10% (i.e., ±500 kW), the line resistance is R=0.05Ω, and the transmission distance is 500 meters, the power loss caused by the fluctuating power is approximately 12.5 kW. If the supercapacitor is placed close to generator 4, the fluctuating power can be directly smoothed at the generation end, avoiding this additional loss. At the same time, generator 4 needs to constantly adjust its power output to cope with fluctuations. Long-term high-frequency adjustment may lead to equipment fatigue and reduce mechanical life. Placing the supercapacitor near generator 4 can absorb the frequent instantaneous power fluctuations, reducing the mechanical wear of the unit and the load on the control system. Taking a tidal generator with a rated power of 5 MW as an example, after the fluctuation frequency is reduced from 1 Hz to 0.5 Hz, the mechanical loss can be reduced by 15%~20%. Therefore, placing the supercapacitor close to the generation end shortens the signal feedback path and significantly improves the power regulation accuracy.

[0073] A steady-state energy storage unit can be composed of flow batteries. It is positioned close to the grid bus. The input of the steady-state energy storage unit is connected to the second output of the transient energy storage unit, and the output is connected to an inverter. The steady-state energy storage unit stores the electrical energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation in the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit exceeds a preset value. Flow batteries typically have a response time of tens of seconds to minutes, making them more suitable for handling medium-frequency or periodic fluctuations in power generation (duration ranging from 30 seconds to several minutes). When positioned close to the grid bus, flow batteries can directly and smoothly regulate the grid-connected power. For example, if the power generation experiences periodic fluctuations within 10 minutes (amplitude ±10% of rated power, ±500 kW in a 5 MW system), the flow battery only needs to provide approximately 500 kWh of capacity to complete the regulation, preventing grid frequency disruptions. Furthermore, the inverter needs to quickly adjust its output power to match the grid load demand. The flow battery, positioned close to the inverter, can directly cooperate with the inverter to achieve dynamic power regulation. According to the requirements for flexible grid connection of tidal energy, the shorter the power regulation path length of energy storage device 6, the faster the response speed. Assuming the flow battery is placed near the inverter, the power regulation path is shortened to less than 100 meters, and the delay can be reduced to less than 10ms, far superior to traditional centralized energy storage deployment methods (where the delay can reach hundreds of milliseconds).

[0074] It is understandable that tidal power generation exhibits a periodic fluctuation characteristic of 6-12 hours. Flow batteries, with their independent design features for capacity and power, can achieve large-scale energy storage by adding storage tanks, meeting the smoothing requirements of tidal cycle fluctuations. Tidal power generation may experience frequent power fluctuations (such as random ocean current disturbances). Flow batteries have high cycle life and stable charge-discharge, adapting to high-frequency power regulation, unlike lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries which experience rapid performance degradation due to frequent use. Tidal power plants are often located in marine environments, and the water-based electrolyte design of flow batteries provides excellent safety, reducing the risk of thermal runaway or explosion. In contrast, lithium batteries have poor reliability in high-humidity, high-salt environments, and lead-acid batteries may have shortened lifespans due to corrosive environments. Therefore, flow batteries are well-suited as steady-state energy storage units.

[0075] Due to the periodicity and instability of tidal dynamics, the electrical energy output of generator 4 fluctuates accordingly. After being connected to generator 4, energy storage device 6 stores excess electrical energy during peak power generation periods, such as high tide when generator 4 outputs a large power, preventing energy waste and grid disruption. When the tide is at rest or low tide, reducing power generation, energy storage device 6 releases electrical energy to supplement insufficient power supply, ensuring the continuity and stability of external power output and meeting electricity demand. In terms of grid connection, energy storage device 6 converts the stored or regulated electrical energy into a form conforming to grid standards, connecting it to the external grid, achieving the integration and effective allocation of power resources, and improving the reliability and adaptability of the tidal power station in the power system.

[0076] It should be noted that the output of the power generation device 4 is connected to the energy storage device 6. Through corresponding circuit control, the generated electrical energy is transmitted to the energy storage device 6. Different energy storage forms of the energy storage device 6 have their own charging characteristics and energy storage principles. Taking battery energy storage as an example, electrical energy is stored in the form of chemical energy between the electrode materials and electrolyte inside the battery, achieving energy storage through electrochemical reactions. The ultimate goal of the power station is to transmit electrical energy to the external power grid for use by a wide range of users, achieving efficient utilization of electrical energy. By controlling the external output and grid connection of the energy storage device 6, the fluctuations in the output power of the power generation device 4 can be further regulated, making the final power transmitted to the grid more stable and meeting the grid connection requirements, thus ensuring the stable operation of the grid.

[0077] When combining flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors as transient energy storage units, flywheel energy storage can be activated based on actual needs. For example, when the output power of the power generation device 4 fluctuates significantly and the duration exceeds a preset time threshold, some electrical energy can be allocated to flywheel energy storage.

[0078] Flywheel energy storage features relatively high energy density, making it suitable for storing large amounts of electrical energy. When the output power of generator 4 fluctuates significantly and for extended periods, a device capable of storing electrical energy for a long time is needed to alleviate the pressure on the power grid caused by these fluctuations. Compared to other energy storage methods, flywheel energy storage stores kinetic energy through a high-speed rotating flywheel, resulting in a relatively stable storage process that can withstand large energy inputs and outputs. For example, during prolonged periods of rapid high or low tides, when the output power of generator 4 deviates from its normal range, storing some electrical energy in the flywheel energy storage system effectively utilizes its large capacity, reducing the direct impact of power fluctuations on the power grid. The energy allocation can be achieved through an intelligent control system. This system monitors the output power and duration of generator 4 in real time. When a significant power fluctuation is detected and its duration exceeds a preset time threshold, the intelligent control system automatically adjusts the circuit connections, directing a portion of the electrical energy to the flywheel energy storage device. The specific allocation ratio can be determined based on factors such as the flywheel energy storage capacity, the current energy storage status, the grid load, and the degree of power fluctuation in generator 4, in order to balance power fluctuations.

[0079] When combining flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors as transient energy storage units, supercapacitors are preferred for high-frequency, low-power fluctuations. Due to their high power density, supercapacitors can respond quickly to high-frequency charging and discharging demands. Their response time can reach milliseconds or even faster, rapidly absorbing or releasing energy to stabilize output power in the face of instantaneous power changes. For low-frequency, high-power fluctuations, flywheel energy storage can be relied upon. Flywheel energy storage has a relatively high energy density, and although its response speed is slower than that of supercapacitors, it can store a large amount of energy under prolonged high-power fluctuations.

[0080] When working in tandem, let the total energy storage regulation power be P. total The regulation power undertaken by the supercapacitor is P1, and the regulation power undertaken by the flywheel energy storage is P2. Then P... total =P1 + P2. To achieve the best regulation effect, the allocation of P1 and P2 can be dynamically adjusted according to their power response characteristics and current state. In the initial energy storage stage, the initial values ​​of P1 and P2 are determined according to the frequency and amplitude of the power fluctuations of the power generation device, following the power allocation strategy described above. As the regulation process progresses, the voltage change Δ1 of the supercapacitor and the speed change Δ2 of the flywheel energy storage are monitored in real time. If Δ1 changes too quickly, it indicates that the supercapacitor is bearing too much power, and P2 needs to be increased and P1 decreased appropriately; conversely, if Δ2 decreases too quickly, the ratio of P1 and P2 needs to be adjusted so that the supercapacitor bears more regulation power.

[0081] In practical applications, due to the many influencing factors of tidal power, if the corresponding distribution strategy is implemented in real time based on the electrical energy output by the power generation device 4, there will be a lag. The power station cannot prepare in advance to deal with power fluctuations, and it is difficult to give full play to the maximum efficiency of the energy storage device 6 in stabilizing electrical energy output. This may lead to energy waste or failure to effectively guarantee continuous and stable power supply in complex environments.

[0082] Based on this, in some embodiments, the power station also includes environmental sensors, positioning sensors, and a grid-connected control terminal, all of which are connected to the grid-connected control terminal. The environmental sensors are used to collect environmental data about the environment where the power station is located. These sensors can monitor seawater temperature, wave height, wind direction, wind speed, and can also include a wide range of environmental data such as tidal height, tidal current velocity, and tidal energy intensity. Multiple corresponding sensors can be integrated into the system. The environmental sensors collect this environmental data in real time through corresponding detection and sensing elements and convert it into electrical signals for output, providing basic information for subsequent analysis and decision-making. The environmental data can be historical data from the power station over a preset period, and it is correlated with tidal fluctuations. Similarly, the tidal characteristics at the location of the power station can be determined based on geographic coordinate data.

[0083] Positioning sensors are used to collect geographic coordinate data of the power plant's location and output it externally. Positioning sensors, such as positioning modules based on global satellite navigation systems (like GPS and BeiDou), can accurately determine the power plant's longitude, latitude, and altitude on Earth, and output this geographic coordinate data in a specific format.

[0084] To further improve the accuracy of environmental and geographic coordinate data, wavelet transform and low-pass filters can be combined to remove high-frequency noise, while Kalman filtering is used to smooth data fluctuations, thus enhancing the accuracy of the acquired data. For missing data, linear interpolation, spline interpolation, and Lagrange interpolation are used to supplement the data, adapting to the fluctuation characteristics under different scenarios and ensuring data continuity and integrity. Time series analysis methods are used to preprocess the environmental data, addressing the nonlinearity and non-stationarity issues exhibited by the environmental data over time. Finally, key features in the data are extracted through spectral analysis and statistical analysis, including periodic variation patterns, fluctuation ranges, and potential sudden anomalies such as tidal surges or crashes, providing data support for subsequent model building and prediction.

[0085] The grid-connected control terminal predicts the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4 based on environmental data and geographic coordinate data. Then, it controls the energy storage device 6 to perform power distribution tasks based on this curve. The power fluctuation curve is the curve showing the change in the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device 4 over time. The grid-connected control terminal receives environmental data from environmental sensors and geographic coordinate data from positioning sensors, and then performs comprehensive analysis and processing of this data based on specific algorithms and models. By analyzing the environmental characteristics and geographical location of the power plant, the grid-connected control terminal can predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4, meaning it can know in advance the approximate changes in the output power of the power generation device 4 over different time periods. Based on this prediction, it controls the energy storage device 6 to perform power distribution tasks, rationally allocating the storage and release of electrical energy to ensure the stability of the power output of the power plant and the smoothness of grid connection with the external power grid.

[0086] In some embodiments, the grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device 4 through the prediction model.

[0087] Specifically, predictive models can be built based on actual needs. For example, an empirical model of tidal cycle patterns can be established using mathematical modeling methods. This empirical model mainly relies on the natural periodic characteristics of tides, such as semi-diurnal and diurnal tides, and uses tools such as sine functions to describe its long-term trend. The formula is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] in, Tidal height The average water level For amplitude, The periodic angular frequency, This represents the initial phase. The above empirical model is simple to calculate and suitable for describing the basic trend of power generation.

[0090] To address the complexity and uncertainty of short-term fluctuations in tidal power, deep learning algorithms, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Transformers, are employed to establish time-series prediction models. LSTM networks can capture the temporal dependencies of data, making them suitable for handling data with periodic and sudden fluctuations; while the Transformer model, with its self-attention mechanism, can effectively handle data spanning long periods, improving short-term prediction accuracy. A weighted fusion of empirical and machine learning models forms a hybrid prediction model, combining the advantages of both to further enhance the real-time performance and accuracy of predictions. The performance of the prediction model is validated using experimental data. Cross-validation is employed, dividing the data into training and validation sets for alternating validation, thereby optimizing the prediction model parameters and enabling it to generalize and adapt to different tidal scenarios.

[0091] For example, due to the instantaneous power of tidal power generation Water flow velocity Water temperature Wind speed Ocean current intensity Topographic influence coefficient The prediction model of this invention, based on the aforementioned parameters, uses them as correction factors to construct the prediction model, taking these parameters as the analysis object. It is understood that the relationship between these parameters and power generation can be determined through experimental formulas, historical data, or theoretical analysis. Therefore, the instantaneous power output of power generation device 4 at time t... This can be expressed as the following formula:

[0092]

[0093] in, The inherent power generation efficiency of the power generation device 4 (dimensionless, with a value range of 0~1) can be obtained based on the calibration nameplate of the power generation device 4; Water density (unit: ); The rotor cross-sectional area of ​​generator 4 (unit: ); The tidal velocity at time t (unit: ); The water temperature at time t (unit: °C); Let be the wind speed at time t; Let be the intensity of the ocean current at time t; This is a correction factor that takes into account the influence of water temperature, wind speed, ocean current intensity, and topography. The prediction model comprehensively considers the effects of water temperature, wind speed, ocean current intensity, and topography, thus improving the predicted instantaneous power. More accurate.

[0094] The specific form of the correction factor is:

[0095]

[0096] in, The water temperature at time t and the standard water temperature (usually) () deviation; Sensitivity coefficients for water temperature, wind speed, and ocean current intensity; The influence of terrain is estimated based on the on-site terrain.

[0097] Water density The change with temperature can be expressed by an empirical formula:

[0098]

[0099] in, The density of standard water can be approximated as: ; The coefficient of thermal expansion of water can be taken as... Perform an approximate analysis.

[0100] Water flow velocity at time t It can be approximated by a tidal dynamics model as follows:

[0101]

[0102] in, The average tidal velocity can be obtained by retrieving hydrological data from the area where the power station is located. It is the tidal cycle.

[0103] Ocean current intensity at time t The relationship between flow velocity and shear rate can be expressed as:

[0104]

[0105] in, The baseline ocean current intensity can be obtained by retrieving hydrological data files of the area where the power station is located; This is the attenuation factor, which can be selected according to the actual situation; The critical flow velocity is denoted as .

[0106] The sensitivity coefficient is determined through data regression or experimentation and quantified as follows:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] in, The power deviation caused by changes in water temperature, wind speed, and ocean current intensity can be obtained based on experimental simulation. The benchmark power generation capacity; This is due to water temperature deviation; Average wind speed; The average ocean current intensity.

[0111] Topographic influence coefficient Obtained through terrain simulation or historical data regression, and expressed as:

[0112]

[0113] in, The topographic influence factor can be determined through experimental calibration. The effective water depth can be obtained through surveying; The maximum water depth can be obtained through surveying.

[0114] Instantaneous change rate of power Let be the derivative of power with respect to time, expressed by the formula:

[0115]

[0116] Rate of change of flow velocity According to the tidal dynamics formula:

[0117]

[0118] Partial derivative of the correction factor with respect to time for:

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] in, These represent the rates of change of water temperature, wind speed, and ocean current intensity, respectively.

[0123] When predicting the power output of generator 4 based on the prediction model, parameter calibration is first performed, and k is determined experimentally. T k W k C Parameters such as G are collected; then data is acquired to monitor water temperature, flow velocity, wind speed and ocean current intensity in real time; further, the prediction model is corrected, and the parameters are adjusted according to the deviation between the real-time data and the model prediction results.

[0124] The output power of power generation device 4 is predicted based on the calibrated prediction model. Specifically, environmental data and geographic coordinate data are input into the calibrated prediction model. The output power of power generation device 4 can be obtained based on the output results of the prediction model. The power fluctuation is obtained based on the difference in output power between adjacent acquisition periods. The power fluctuation curve is fitted based on all the power fluctuations. The power fluctuation curve can be used to determine the corresponding changes in the output power of the power station when the environment changes in the future.

[0125] Specifically, the power fluctuation curve shows the power fluctuation amplitude of generator 4 at different points in time. This curve is obtained by comprehensively considering the periodic changes of tides and the influence of environmental factors (such as wind, waves, and sea temperature) on generator 4. During stable high and low tides, the output power of generator 4 tends to be stable; while during high and low tides with large fluctuations, the output power of generator 4 exhibits large fluctuations. By analyzing this curve, it is possible to predict in advance how the output power of generator 4 will change in the future, and determine whether the fluctuation amplitude can be fully responded to and handled by energy storage device 6 under the current power level. If the power fluctuation curve predicts that the output power of generator 4 will increase significantly and may exceed the range that the grid can stably receive or exceed the power demand, then energy storage device 6 needs to discharge to reserve sufficient capacity for backup.

[0126] For example, the grid-connected control terminal controls the energy storage device 6 to perform power distribution tasks according to the power fluctuation curve, specifically including:

[0127] Determine whether the energy storage capacity of energy storage device 6 is sufficient when the power fluctuation curve is in the monotonically increasing segment.

[0128] The monotonically increasing segment refers to the curve segment where the power fluctuation value increases as the power generation time increases. This indicates that the power station experiences significant fluctuations during this period. If the energy storage device 6 can only hold a small amount of electrical energy, it may damage the energy storage device 6 or the power generation device 4.

[0129] Energy storage device 6 plays a crucial role in buffering and regulating electrical energy throughout the power plant. When the power fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing phase, insufficient storage capacity in energy storage device 6 can lead to a series of problems. Firstly, it cannot effectively store the excess energy generated by the rapidly increasing power generation unit 4. This excess energy may flow back into the power generation unit 4, damaging its internal electrical components and mechanical parts, affecting its lifespan and normal operation. Secondly, the inability to promptly and rationally allocate, store, or transmit electrical energy to the grid bus may cause overload in the entire system, damaging energy storage device 6 itself, such as battery overheating or activation of overload protection devices, thus affecting its subsequent energy storage and discharge functions. Therefore, it is necessary to determine in advance whether the energy storage capacity of energy storage device 6 is sufficient in order to take appropriate countermeasures.

[0130] If not, then according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, control the power output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus.

[0131] Specifically, the grid-connected busbar connects the power plant to the external power grid and has strict requirements for the quality and stability of the power supply, with a pre-set reasonable fluctuation range. This range is set based on factors such as the grid's capacity and the stable operation requirements of electrical equipment, aiming to ensure that parameters such as power, voltage, and frequency of the power connected to the grid fluctuate within a certain stable range, avoiding adverse effects on the grid and electrical equipment. For example, the pre-set fluctuation range stipulates that the power fluctuation amplitude cannot exceed a certain percentage, thus ensuring the stable operation of transformers, transmission lines, and various electrical terminals in the grid.

[0132] When the energy storage capacity of energy storage device 6 is insufficient, it is necessary to reasonably regulate the power output of the transient energy storage unit. Based on the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, the power from the transient energy storage unit is output to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus. If the transient energy storage unit outputs power to the steady-state energy storage unit, it can further increase the stability of energy storage, allowing the steady-state energy storage unit to share some of the energy storage tasks, preparing for potential power reductions later. Simultaneously, when outputting power to the grid-connected bus, it is essential to ensure that the output power does not cause the grid-connected bus's power parameters to exceed the preset fluctuation range. This maintains the stability of the entire power plant's connection to the external grid, achieving a smooth transition and effective utilization of power, and avoiding system failures caused by rapid and significant increases in power. Conversely, when the energy storage capacity of energy storage device 6 is sufficient, grid connection is performed based on the power output of generator 4, ensuring that the power fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected bus remains within the preset fluctuation range.

[0133] Furthermore, the grid-connected control terminal controls the power output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus, specifically including:

[0134] The first step is to output the power from the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus and determine whether the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus exceeds the preset fluctuation range. When the power fluctuation curve of the power plant is in a monotonically increasing segment and the energy storage capacity of energy storage device 6 is insufficient, an attempt is made to output the power from the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus. This is because the grid-connected bus is a key hub connecting the power plant and the external power grid, and under normal circumstances, priority should be given to ensuring that power can be smoothly connected to the grid and supplied to users. Directly outputting power may cause the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus to exceed the preset fluctuation range, affecting the stability of the power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly determine the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus to determine the subsequent power allocation strategy.

[0135] The second step, if yes, is to control the transient energy storage unit to output electrical energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at the target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate corresponding to the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus being less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range when the steady-state energy storage unit has the current remaining power.

[0136] Specifically, when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus exceeds the preset fluctuation range, it indicates that outputting power from the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus alone cannot meet the grid stability requirements. In this case, a portion of the power needs to be transferred to the steady-state energy storage unit for storage. The target charging rate is calculated based on the current remaining power of the steady-state energy storage unit, aiming to ensure that the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range. Charging the steady-state energy storage unit requires consideration of its current power state, as its ability to receive power (i.e., the charging rate) varies depending on the remaining power. If the remaining power of the steady-state energy storage unit is low, a higher charging rate can be accepted; however, if the remaining power is high, an excessively high charging rate may cause overload or other safety issues. By accurately calculating the target charging rate, power distribution can be effectively adjusted while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the steady-state energy storage unit, restoring the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus to within the normal range, thereby maintaining the balance and stability of power transmission between the entire power generation system and the external grid.

[0137] The following will describe the entire process of grid connection of the power plant according to the embodiments of the present invention. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The following is a detailed logical diagram illustrating the entire process of grid connection for a power plant:

[0138] S601. Power generation is achieved by using the tidal water in the diversion channel to obtain the geographical coordinates of the power station and real-time environmental data.

[0139] S602. Input environmental data and geographic coordinate data into the prediction model.

[0140] S603. Obtain the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device output by the prediction model.

[0141] S604. Determine whether the energy storage capacity is sufficient in the monotonically increasing segment of the power fluctuation curve.

[0142] S605 If so, then the transient energy storage unit stores energy based on the electrical energy output from the power station. After the transient energy storage unit completes energy storage, it enters S609 for output and grid connection.

[0143] S606. If not, the electrical energy of the transient energy storage unit will be output to the grid bus.

[0144] S607. Determine whether the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range.

[0145] S608 If so, the transient energy storage unit will output electrical energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at the target charging rate. After the steady-state energy storage unit completes energy storage, it will enter S609 to output and connect to the grid.

[0146] S609. If not, control the energy storage device to output to the grid.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation method for a tidal power station, applicable to the tidal power station of the aforementioned embodiment, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes:

[0148] Step S11: The regulating device 5 adjusts the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guide channel 3 according to the fluctuation of the tide flow velocity.

[0149] Step S12: The power generation device 4 generates electricity under the action of the tide in the guide channel 3 and outputs electrical energy;

[0150] Step S13: The energy storage device 6 stores the electrical energy output by the power generation device 4 and outputs it to the grid.

[0151] In summary, this invention provides a tidal power plant and its power generation method. When generating electricity based on tidal power, the power generation device is placed within a flow channel between the first and second infrastructure structures. This allows the tide to flow orderly to the power generation device during rises and falls, reducing the impact of tidal turbulence on the device's fluctuations. By adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide allowed to pass through the flow channel based on the fluctuations in tidal velocity, the impact of tidal fluctuations on the power output of the power generation device is reduced. Simultaneously, an energy storage device is installed to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and then connect it to the grid, effectively buffering the fluctuations in the power output and achieving flexible grid connection of the power plant's output. This invention reduces the power generation fluctuations under tidal power from multiple dimensions, ensuring stable power output to the grid and effectively improving the overall operational stability of the tidal power plant.

[0152] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power station based on tidal power, characterized in that, include: The first infrastructure entity; The second infrastructure is disposed opposite to the first infrastructure to form a flow channel for tidal water to pass through between the first infrastructure and the second infrastructure; A power generation device is installed in the flow channel. The power generation device is used to generate electricity under the action of the tide in the flow channel and output electrical energy. A regulating device for adjusting the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide allowed to pass through the guiding channel according to fluctuations in the tidal flow velocity; An energy storage device is connected to the power generation device. The energy storage device is used to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and output it to the grid. The energy storage device includes a transient energy storage unit and a steady-state energy storage unit. The input terminal of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the output terminal of the power generation device. The first output terminal of the transient energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device. The second output terminal of the transient energy storage unit is connected to the input terminal of the steady-state energy storage unit. The output terminal of the steady-state energy storage unit is used to connect to the inverter device. The inverter device is used to connect to the grid bus. The transient energy storage unit is located close to the power generation device, and the steady-state energy storage unit is located close to the grid-connected bus. The transient energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy output by the power generation device and output it to the grid. The steady-state energy storage unit is used to store the electrical energy output by the transient energy storage unit when the fluctuation amplitude of the grid-connected power output by the transient energy storage unit is greater than a preset value.

2. The tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A third infrastructure element is located at the entrance of the flow channel, and / or, The fourth infrastructure is located at the outlet of the flow channel; Both the third and fourth infrastructure structures are terraced structures.

3. The tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first infrastructure is provided with a first slot, and the second infrastructure is provided with a second slot; The regulating device includes: A gantry frame is installed on the first and second infrastructures to be erected above the flow channel; An arc-shaped adjustment plate is installed at one end in the first slot and at the other end in the second slot; A drive mechanism is installed on the gantry frame. The drive mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped adjustment plate via a steel wire rope, thereby suspending the arc-shaped adjustment plate on the guide channel. A flow velocity sensor is used to collect the fluctuation of the tidal flow velocity; The controller is connected to both the drive mechanism and the flow rate sensor. The controller is used to control the drive mechanism to adjust the hoisting height of the arc-shaped adjustment plate according to the fluctuation of the tidal flow rate, thereby adjusting the flow rate, velocity and direction of the tidal water allowed to pass through the guide channel.

4. The tidal power station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment device also includes two guide mechanisms, which are respectively disposed on the top of the first slot and the second slot. Each guide mechanism includes a support frame and multiple guide wheels. The support frames of the two guide mechanisms are respectively disposed on the first base and the second base, and the multiple guide wheels are all in close contact with the arc-shaped adjustment plate.

5. The tidal power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an environmental sensor, a positioning sensor, and a grid-connected control terminal; the environmental sensor, the positioning sensor, and the energy storage device are all connected to the grid-connected control terminal; The environmental sensor is used to collect environmental data of the environment in which the power plant is located; The positioning sensor is used to collect the geographic coordinate data of the location of the power station; The grid-connected control terminal is used to predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device based on the environmental data and the geographic coordinate data, and to control the energy storage device to perform power distribution tasks, wherein the power fluctuation curve is the curve of the output power fluctuation value of the power generation device changing over time.

6. The tidal power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: input the environmental data and the geographic coordinate data into a preset prediction model, and predict the power fluctuation curve of the power generation device through the prediction model.

7. The tidal power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: when the power fluctuation curve is in a monotonically increasing segment and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is insufficient, control the power output of the transient energy storage unit to the steady-state energy storage unit and / or the grid-connected bus according to the preset fluctuation range of the grid-connected bus.

8. The tidal power station according to claim 7, characterized in that, The grid-connected control terminal is specifically used to: output the electrical energy of the transient energy storage unit to the grid-connected bus, and when the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus is greater than the preset fluctuation range, control the transient energy storage unit to output electrical energy to the steady-state energy storage unit at a target charging rate, wherein the target charging rate is the charging rate by which the steady-state energy storage unit makes the power fluctuation of the grid-connected bus less than or equal to the preset fluctuation range under the current remaining power.

9. A power generation method for a tidal power plant, characterized in that, Applied to a tidal power plant as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: The regulating device adjusts the flow rate, velocity, and direction of the tide that is allowed to pass through the guiding channel based on the fluctuation of the tide flow velocity. The power generation device generates electricity under the action of the tide in the guide channel and outputs electrical energy; The energy storage device stores the electrical energy output by the power generation device and outputs it to the grid.

Images