Composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite phase-change material vacuum insulation panel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of building materials. The problems that existing PCM-VIPs are poor in heat insulation performance, PCM packaging is difficult, and the recycling performance is degraded are solved. The composite phase-change material vacuum insulated panel is composed of a vacuum insulated panel unit layer, a composite phase-change material unit layer and a filling material. A vacuum insulated panel unit layer and a composite phase change material unit layer are sequentially arranged in the filling material from bottom to top; the vacuum insulated panel unit layer is formed by arranging a plurality of vacuum insulated panels in a rectangular array; the composite phase change material unit layer is formed by combining a plurality of composite phase change material plates; the vacuum heat insulation plate and the composite phase change material plate are arranged in a staggered mode. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a composite phase change material plate; and 2, assembling and filling. The invention is used for the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and the preparation thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of building materials. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change and resource shortages intensify, the task of energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry has become increasingly urgent. Traditional building materials and structural systems can no longer meet increasingly stringent environmental standards and energy efficiency requirements, especially in the field of thermal insulation. Although traditional materials such as mineral wool, glass wool, and polystyrene boards have good thermal insulation effects, they generally have limited thermal performance, occupy a large space, and cause environmental pollution. In recent years, vacuum insulation technology (VIPs, Vacuum Insulated Panels) has attracted much attention due to its ultra-low thermal conductivity and has become a new favorite for building energy conservation. VIPs creates an almost vacuum space, greatly reducing the occurrence of heat conduction and convection, and achieving excellent insulation performance.

[0003] However, simply relying on the vacuum effect is often difficult to continuously and stably perform its functions under extreme temperature difference conditions, especially in areas with large temperature differences between day and night or environments with frequent seasonal changes. To make up for this shortcoming, people began to try to introduce phase change materials (PCM) into VIPs. PCMs can absorb or release a large amount of latent heat within a specific temperature range, and adjust energy through their own phase changes (such as solid-liquid, liquid-gas), thereby balancing the internal and external temperature differences and achieving a more dynamic and intelligent insulation effect. The integration of this concept not only enhances the practical value of VIPs, but also brings a storm of innovation to the construction industry.

[0004] However, existing PCM-VIPs still face many challenges, such as poor thermal insulation performance, difficulty in PCM packaging, performance degradation during recycling, safety and environmental protection, and cost control, which hinder their commercialization process. In response to these problems, developing a new composite PCM-VIP that has both efficient thermal insulation function and good compatibility and economy is undoubtedly an important breakthrough in solving the bottleneck of building energy conservation, and is also one of the main directions of future building materials research. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems of poor thermal insulation performance, difficult PCM packaging and attenuated cyclic performance of existing PCM-VIPs, and further provide a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, which consists of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer and a filling material; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the filling material, and a gap of 5mm to 25mm is set between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged by a plurality of vacuum insulation panel rectangular arrays, and a gap is set between adjacent vacuum insulation panels; the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of a plurality of composite phase change material plates, and a gap is set between adjacent composite phase change material plates; the vacuum insulation panel and the composite phase change material plate are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0007] A method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is carried out according to the following steps:

[0008] 1. Preparation of composite phase change material board:

[0009] A ceramic fiber board or a glass fiber board is placed in a mold, and then a heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board;

[0010] 2. Assembly and filling:

[0011] The preparation method of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is completed by laying, filling and curing the filling material, the vacuum insulation panel unit layer, the filling material, the composite phase change material unit layer and the filling material in sequence.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] (1) The overall process is simple, the preparation cycle is short, and the cost is low; the safety is good, the process and product are stable, and it is easy to achieve large-scale industrial production, which is suitable for energy-saving transformation in the construction field.

[0014] (2) By introducing phase change materials, the ability to actively regulate heat flow is enhanced. It can absorb excess heat or release stored heat in an environment with a large temperature difference between day and night, maintain the stability of indoor temperature, and reduce the frequency of use of air conditioning or heating equipment.

[0015] (3) It has excellent thermal insulation performance and is in line with the current trend of environmental protection and sustainable development. The low thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel effectively blocks the conduction of heat, while the phase change material absorbs and releases latent heat during the phase change process, further reducing the overall heat flux of the material and significantly improving the thermal insulation effect of the building envelope structure.

[0016] (4) By adopting the filling material, the thickness of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel can be effectively reduced, thereby improving space utilization, reducing weight, improving design flexibility and improving thermal performance. The filling material is a commonly used building material, so it has good compatibility in the construction field.

[0017] (5) Use non-toxic and recyclable materials to reduce environmental impact during production and use. Compared with traditional insulation materials, the present invention can save more than 50% of energy consumption, further promoting the development of green buildings.

[0018] (6) The present invention solves the problem of air leakage of the vacuum insulation panel by separating the vacuum insulation panel from the phase change material; solves the problem of melting and leakage of the phase change material by filling the material; and solves the problem of thermal bridge of the vacuum insulation panel by staggered arrangement of the vacuum insulation panel and the phase change material.

[0019] (7) The present invention solves the problem of difficult PCM packaging and ensures recycling performance by using filling materials and phase change material impregnated ceramic fiber boards or phase change material impregnated glass fiber boards.

[0020] The invention is used for a composite phase change material vacuum insulation board and a preparation method thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a side view of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel of Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a unit layer of a vacuum insulation panel in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a composite phase change material unit layer in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the unit layer of the vacuum insulation panel of Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the composite phase change material unit layer of Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the thermal insulation effects of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel prepared in Example 1 and the control panel prepared in the comparative experiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific implementation modes.

[0028] Specific implementation method one: This implementation method is composed of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer and a filling material; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the filling material, and a 5mm to 25mm gap is set between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged by a plurality of vacuum insulation panels in a rectangular array, and a gap is set between adjacent vacuum insulation panels; the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of a plurality of composite phase change material panels, and a gap is set between adjacent composite phase change material panels; the vacuum insulation panel and the composite phase change material panels are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0030] (1) The overall process is simple, the preparation cycle is short, and the cost is low; the safety is good, the process and product are stable, and it is easy to achieve large-scale industrial production, which is suitable for energy-saving transformation in the construction field.

[0031] (2) By introducing phase change materials, the ability to actively regulate heat flow is enhanced. It can absorb excess heat or release stored heat in an environment with a large temperature difference between day and night, maintain the stability of indoor temperature, and reduce the frequency of use of air conditioning or heating equipment.

[0032] (3) It has excellent thermal insulation performance and is in line with the current trend of environmental protection and sustainable development. The low thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel effectively blocks the conduction of heat, while the phase change material absorbs and releases latent heat during the phase change process, further reducing the overall heat flux of the material and significantly improving the thermal insulation effect of the building envelope structure.

[0033] (4) By adopting the filling material, the thickness of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel can be effectively reduced, thereby improving space utilization, reducing weight, improving design flexibility and improving thermal performance. The filling material is a commonly used building material, so it has good compatibility in the construction field.

[0034] (5) Use non-toxic and recyclable materials to reduce environmental impact during production and use. Compared with traditional insulation materials, the present invention can save more than 50% of energy consumption, further promoting the development of green buildings.

[0035] (6) This embodiment solves the problem of air leakage of the vacuum insulation panel by separating the vacuum insulation panel from the phase change material; solves the problem of melting and leakage of the phase change material by filling the material; and solves the problem of thermal bridge of the vacuum insulation panel by staggered arrangement of the vacuum insulation panel and the phase change material.

[0036] (7) This embodiment solves the problem of difficult PCM packaging and ensures recycling performance by using filling materials and phase change material impregnated ceramic fiber boards or phase change material impregnated glass fiber boards.

[0037] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 1 in that the internal core material of the vacuum insulation panel is one or a combination of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, aerogel, aerogel impregnated glass fiber and polyurethane foam. The rest is the same as specific embodiment 1.

[0038] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method one or two in that: the composite phase change material plate is a ceramic fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material or a glass fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material; the phase change material is one or a combination of silicone oil, polyethylene glycol, disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, paraffin, hydrated salt, sodium hydroxide and mercapto polymer. Others are the same as specific implementation method one or two.

[0039] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the filling material is polyurethane foam or graphite polystyrene. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0040] Specific implementation method 5: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 4 in that the vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with a thickness of 5 mm to 15 mm. The rest is the same as specific implementation method 4.

[0041] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that: the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates combined into a square structure, and the multiple composite phase change material plates are separated by a well-shaped gap. The multiple composite phase change material plates are specifically a central square composite phase change material plate, four rectangular composite phase change material plates and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates; the thickness of the composite phase change material plate is 5mm to 15mm. Others are the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 5.

[0042] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that the gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels, and the cross-shaped gaps are all filled with filling materials. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiments 1 to 6.

[0043] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 7 in that the upper and lower surfaces and the surrounding periphery of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are 5 mm to 40 mm away from the surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel. Other aspects are the same as specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0044] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment is a method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0045] 1. Preparation of composite phase change material board:

[0046] A ceramic fiber board or a glass fiber board is placed in a mold, and then a heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board;

[0047] 2. Assembly and filling:

[0048] The preparation method of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is completed by laying, filling and curing the filling material, the vacuum insulation panel unit layer, the filling material, the composite phase change material unit layer and the filling material in sequence.

[0049] Specific embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 9 in that the drying described in step 1 is carried out at a temperature of 20° C. to 80° C. for 24 to 72 hours. The rest is the same as specific embodiment 9.

[0050] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0051] Embodiment 1, combined with Figures 1 to 3 Specifically, the size of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 520mm×520mm and the thickness is 50mm:

[0052] A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, which consists of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer and a filling material; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the filling material, and a 10mm gap is set between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged by four vacuum insulation panel rectangular arrays, and a 40mm gap is set between adjacent vacuum insulation panels; the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of a plurality of composite phase change material panels combined into a square structure, and the plurality of composite phase change material panels are separated by a tic-tac-toe gap, and the width of the tic-tac-toe gap is 40mm.

[0053] The inner core material of the vacuum insulation panel is glass fiber, which is specifically prepared according to the following steps: cutting a VIP packaging bag (barrier film); in a clean environment, encapsulating the glass fiber core material in a PET film, and then placing it in a VIP packaging bag, using a vacuum machine to evacuate to a vacuum degree of 0.02 Pa to ensure that all air is removed from the inside of the package, and finally sealing the edges;

[0054] The composite phase change material plate is a glass fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material; the phase change material is polyethylene glycol.

[0055] The filling material is polyurethane foam, which is prepared by a one-step foaming process.

[0056] The vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with a size of 200×200 mm and a thickness of 10 mm;

[0057] The multiple composite phase change material plates are specifically a central square composite phase change material plate (200×200mm), four rectangular composite phase change material plates (200×80mm) and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates (80×80mm); the thickness of the composite phase change material plate is 10mm;

[0058] The gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layers and the composite phase change material unit layers, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels and the tic-tac-toe-shaped gaps are all filled with filling materials;

[0059] The lower surface of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the upper surface of the composite phase change material unit layer are respectively 10 mm away from the lower surface and upper surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel; the distance between the periphery of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer and the surrounding surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 40 mm.

[0060] The method for preparing the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is carried out according to the following steps:

[0061] 1. Preparation of composite phase change material board:

[0062] A glass fiber sheet is placed in a mold, and then a liquid phase change material melted at 55°C is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried at 30°C for 24 hours to obtain a composite phase change material sheet;

[0063] 2. Assembly and filling:

[0064] The preparation method of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is completed by laying, filling and curing the filling material, the vacuum insulation panel unit layer, the filling material, the composite phase change material unit layer and the filling material in sequence.

[0065] In step 1, the glass fiber sheet is prepared by a wet long-web copying process.

[0066] The curing described in step 2 is specifically curing at a temperature of 20° C. to 25° C. for 8 hours.

[0067] Comparative experiment: The difference between this comparative experiment and the first embodiment is that the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are eliminated, and the control panel is prepared by using pure filling material. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the unit layer of the vacuum insulation panel of Example 1; Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the composite phase change material unit layer of Example 1;

[0069] Figure 6 It is a comparison diagram of the thermal insulation effect of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel prepared in Example 1 and the control panel prepared in the comparative experiment; as can be seen from the figure, with the unit layer side of the vacuum insulation panel as the outer side and the unit layer side of the composite phase change material as the inner side, when the outer side is continuously heated at 75°C, the temperature inside the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel can be maintained at around 25°C within 50,000s. Compared with the filling material control panel of the same thickness, the thermal insulation effect is long-lasting and obvious.

Claims

1. A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel, characterized in that It consists of a vacuum insulation panel unit layer, a composite phase change material unit layer and a filling material; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top inside the filling material, and a gap of 5mm to 25mm is set between the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer; the vacuum insulation panel unit layer is arranged by a plurality of vacuum insulation panel rectangular arrays, and a gap is set between adjacent vacuum insulation panels; the composite phase change material unit layer is composed of a plurality of composite phase change material panels, and a gap is set between adjacent composite phase change material panels; the vacuum insulation panel and the composite phase change material panels are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner core material of the vacuum insulation panel is one of ceramic fiber, glass fiber, aerogel, aerogel impregnated glass fiber and polyurethane foam, or a combination of several of them.

3. A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite phase change material plate is a ceramic fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material or a glass fiber plate impregnated with a phase change material; the phase change material is one or a combination of silicone oil, polyethylene glycol, disodium hydrogen phosphate-sodium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, paraffin, hydrated salt, sodium hydroxide and mercapto polymer.

4. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The filling material is polyurethane foam or graphite polystyrene.

5. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The vacuum insulation panel is a square structure with a thickness of 5 mm to 15 mm.

6. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite phase change material unit layer is composed of multiple composite phase change material plates combined into a square structure, and the multiple composite phase change material plates are separated by a well-shaped gap. The multiple composite phase change material plates are specifically a central square composite phase change material plate, four rectangular composite phase change material plates and four peripheral square composite phase change material plates; the thickness of the composite phase change material plate is 5mm to 15mm.

7. A composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that The gaps between the vacuum insulation panel unit layers and the composite phase change material unit layers, the gaps between adjacent vacuum insulation panels and the cross-shaped gaps are all filled with filling materials.

8. The composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the upper and lower surfaces and the surrounding periphery of the vacuum insulation panel unit layer and the composite phase change material unit layer and the surface of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is 5mm to 40mm.

9. The method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 1, characterized in that It is carried out in the following steps:

1. Preparation of composite phase change material board: A ceramic fiber board or a glass fiber board is placed in a mold, and then a heated and melted liquid phase change material is poured in and vacuum impregnated, and finally dried to obtain a composite phase change material board; 2. Assembly and filling: The preparation method of the composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel is completed by laying, filling and curing the filling material, the vacuum insulation panel unit layer, the filling material, the composite phase change material unit layer and the filling material in sequence.

10. The method for preparing a composite phase change material vacuum insulation panel according to claim 9, characterized in that The drying described in step 1 is specifically carried out at a temperature of 20° C. to 80° C. for 24 h to 72 h.

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