A test device for comprehensive performance testing of compressor and turbine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of compressor and turbine performance testing, and specifically relates to a test device for comprehensive performance testing of compressors and turbines, which includes a compressor, a turbine and a measurement and control system. The compressor includes a drive motor 1, a coupling, an exhaust volute and an exhaust pipe 1. An electric regulating valve and a flow meter are installed inside the exhaust pipe 1. A quick air release pipe 1 is connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe 1, and a quick air release valve is provided in the quick air release pipe 1; the right end of the exhaust pipe 1 is connected to a switching valve, the right side of the switching valve is connected to an exhaust pipe 2, and an auxiliary pipeline is connected between the top of the switching valve and the turbine. The turbine includes a drive motor 2 and a blocking cone system, the right side of the blocking cone system is connected to an exhaust pipe 3, and the top of the turbine is connected to an exhaust pipe 4. The device solves the problem that the current compressor and turbine characteristic tests need to be separated, thereby increasing the testing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of compressor and turbine performance testing, and in particular relates to a test device for comprehensive performance testing of compressors and turbines. Background Art

[0002] Currently, universities and research institutions lack specific test equipment when conducting performance research on micro-aeroengine compressor and turbine components, or they can only use test benches from large engines to conduct relevant tests. This results in slow research progress, distorted data, and increased test equipment costs.

[0003] Switching between the two tests requires attention to compressed air leakage, which can significantly reduce test accuracy. This phenomenon has become a problem that researchers in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test device for comprehensive performance testing of compressors and turbines, comprising a compressor, a turbine and a measurement and control system, wherein the compressor comprises a drive motor 1, a coupling, an exhaust volute and an exhaust pipe 1, an electric regulating valve and a flow meter are installed inside the exhaust pipe 1, a quick air release pipe 1 is connected to the bottom of the exhaust pipe 1, and a quick air release valve is provided in the quick air release pipe 1; the right end of the exhaust pipe 1 is connected to a switching valve, the right side of the switching valve is connected to exhaust pipe 2, and a secondary pipeline is connected between the top of the switching valve and the turbine, the turbine comprises a drive motor 2 and a blocking cone system, the right side of the blocking cone system is connected to exhaust pipe 3, the top of the turbine is connected to exhaust pipe 4, and the top of the exhaust pipe 4 is connected to quick air release pipe 2; the measurement and control system comprises a measurement and control cabinet, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a speed sensor, the measurement and control cabinet is connected to the compressor and turbine signals respectively, and the signals are divided into control signals and test signals.

[0006] The present invention further describes that the switching valve includes an electric motor, an output shaft, a disc, a sliding rail, a slider, a connecting rod, a screw, a sleeve rod and a sealing plug; the electric motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the switching valve, the disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor through the output shaft, the sliding rail is fixedly installed on the surface of the disc, the slider is slidably connected in the sliding rail, and is fixed to the screw through the connecting rod, a threaded hole is provided at one end of the sleeve rod, and the screw is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, the sealing plug is fixedly installed on the outer end of the sleeve rod, and the sealing plug is made of silicone; after the motor rotates forward, the sealing plug blocks the exhaust pipe 2, and after the motor is reset and then rotated reversely, the exhaust pipe 2 is opened and the auxiliary air pipe is closed.

[0007] The present invention further describes that a hydraulic chamber is fixed on the left side of the inner wall of the switching valve, a hydraulic plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber, a hydraulic rod is fixed on the right side of the hydraulic plate, and the left end of the hydraulic rod is spherical; an extrusion rod is fixed on the left side of the slider, the left end of the extrusion rod is spherical, and contacts with the hydraulic rod after rotation, and a spring is fixed between the slider and the left side of the inner wall of the slide rail.

[0008] The present invention further states that the left side of the hydraulic chamber is connected to an external hydraulic pump pipeline, and the left side of the hydraulic plate is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

[0009] The present invention further illustrates that a pressure control module is provided inside the external hydraulic pump, and the pressure control module is used to adjust the pressure applied by the external hydraulic pump to the magnetorheological fluid.

[0010] The present invention further describes that an elastic expansion joint is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the switching valve, a tooth plate is fixed to the upper end of the elastic expansion joint, a gear is fixed to the outside of the sleeve rod, and after the elastic expansion joint is extended, the gear and the tooth plate are engaged with each other; the elastic expansion joint is connected to the right side of the hydraulic chamber by two pipes, and a pressure valve is provided in one of the pipes, and an electric control valve is provided in the other pipe, and the elastic expansion joint is connected to the external control valve pipe.

[0011] The present invention further illustrates that a support rod is fixed to the left side of the elastic telescopic joint, and a magnetic block is fixed to the left end of the support rod.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can test the turbine and compressor in a freely switchable manner, and the test accuracy is guaranteed. In addition, when performing a turbine characteristic test, the slider drives the extrusion rod to rotate around the center of the disc until the extrusion rod and the hydraulic rod contact each other and squeeze the hydraulic rod. The spring is deformed under force, thereby generating a force, which increases the pressure of the sealing plug on the right side of the switching valve, thereby improving the sealing strength and further preventing the leakage of compressed air, thereby improving the test accuracy. In addition, by applying pressure to the magnetorheological fluid on the left side of the hydraulic plate, the pressure applied by the sealing plug on the right side of the switching valve is increased, further improving the sealing performance.

[0013] As the characteristic tests of the turbine and compressor are switched, the sealing plug will be worn after multiple operations. At this time, the pressure applied to the magnetorheological fluid can be freely adjusted. The more serious the wear, the greater the pressure applied to the magnetorheological fluid, to avoid the reduction of sealing due to wear, thereby ensuring the sealing and ensuring the accuracy of the characteristic test of the turbine. When the sealing plug is seriously worn, the sealing plug is screwed into the exhaust pipe 2, which greatly improves the sealing of the exhaust pipe 2, fully blocks the exhaust pipe 2, fully prevents the leakage of compressed air, and can fully utilize the sealing plug, reducing the replacement cost of the sealing plug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the switching valve structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the initial state of the internal structure of the switching valve of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a plan view of the switching valve of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the sleeve and the screw of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the pipe connection relationship between the hydraulic chamber and the expansion joint of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the switching valve state when testing compressor characteristics according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the switching valve state when testing turbine characteristics of the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1. Compressor; 11. Drive motor 1; 12. Coupling; 13. Exhaust volute; 14. Exhaust pipe 1; 141. Electric regulating valve; 15. Quick release pipe 1; 151. Quick release valve; 16. Exhaust pipe 2; 17. Auxiliary air pipe; 2. Turbine; 21. Cone blocking system; 22. Exhaust pipe 3; 23. Exhaust pipe 4; 24. Quick release pipe 2; 3. Switching valve; 31. Electric motor; 32. Output shaft; 33. Disc; 34. Sealing plug; 35. Slide rail; 351. Slider; 352. Connecting rod; 353. Screw; 354. Connecting rod; 355. Extrusion rod; 356. Gear; 36. Hydraulic chamber; 361. Hydraulic plate; 362. Hydraulic rod; 37. Spring; 38. Telescopic joint; 381. Tooth plate; 382. Support rod; 383. Magnetic block; 5. Measurement and control cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a non-limiting detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine, comprising a compressor 1, a turbine 2, and a measurement and control system. The compressor 1 comprises a drive motor 11, a coupling 12, an exhaust volute 13, and an exhaust pipe 14. An electric regulating valve 141 and a flow meter are installed inside the exhaust pipe 14. A quick air release pipe 15 is connected below the exhaust pipe 14, and a quick air release valve 151 is provided inside the quick air release pipe 15.

[0026] The right end of exhaust pipe 14 is connected to switching valve 3, and the right side of switching valve 3 is connected to exhaust pipe 2 16. A secondary pipe 17 is connected between the top of switching valve 3 and turbine 2. Turbine 2 includes drive motor 2 and a blocking cone system 21. The right side of blocking cone system 21 is connected to exhaust pipe 3 22. Exhaust pipe 4 23 is connected above turbine 2, and quick exhaust pipe 2 24 is connected above exhaust pipe 4 23.

[0027] The measurement and control system includes a measurement and control cabinet 5, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a speed sensor. The measurement and control cabinet 5 is connected to the compressor 1 and the turbine 2 respectively, and the signals are divided into control signals and test signals.

[0028] The compressor 1 can work alone and is used for the characteristic test of the compressor 1. Turn on the power of the measurement and control cabinet 5. After the equipment is powered on, set the relevant parameters on the touch screen interface and start the drive motor 11. The drive motor 11 transmits torque to the motor shaft through the coupling 12, driving the tested compressor 1 to rotate. The compressed air enters the exhaust pipe 14 through the exhaust volute 13. The flow rate of the pipeline is changed by adjusting the opening of the electric control valve 141, thereby measuring the flow rate, temperature, pressure, speed and other parameters of the compressor 1 under different opening conditions. Then, the relevant parameters are calculated by software and different images are generated to finally obtain the performance of the tested compressor 1. At the same time, the working characteristics of the compressor 1 are obtained by measuring the inlet and outlet aerodynamic parameters of the test compressor 1 and the output power of the drive motor 11.

[0029] The compressor 1 can also work together with the turbine 2, serving as the air supply source for the test turbine to drive the turbine to operate. The test turbine drives the compressor 1 to perform turbine characteristic testing, and the turbine operating characteristics are obtained by measuring the inlet and outlet aerodynamic parameters of the test turbine and the compressor 1; the measurement and control system is used to adjust and control the test operating conditions of the test impeller and measure the aerodynamic parameters during the test to obtain the operating characteristics of the test impeller. When the compressor 1 is working, by opening the switching valve 3, the compressed air of the compressor 1 enters the switching valve 3 through the exhaust pipe 1 14. At this time, the exhaust pipe 2 16 is blocked, and the gas enters the turbine 2 through the auxiliary pipe 17, driving the turbine to rotate. At the same time, by driving the second motor to adjust the axial position of the blocking cone in the blocking cone system 21, the turbine rotor operating condition can be changed quickly and conveniently. When the turbine 2 is working, various sensors are used to collect temperature, pressure, speed and other data, and then the relevant parameters are calculated by the software to generate different images, and finally the performance of the turbine under test is obtained;

[0030] 1. Targeted application to micro-engines, with more accurate data;

[0031] 2. A complete set of dedicated testing, data processing, control, and display software has been developed for the research of micro-engines. The software is programmed using LabVIEW and displays the collected data in both numerical and graphical channels.

[0032] 3. The structure and functions are modularized, and the control adopts an integrated design. The compressor module can work independently or serve as the power source of the turbine module, which has high economic benefits.

[0033] 4. The operation, display and test device are separated to ensure the safety of operators and observers;

[0034] 5. Safety design is carried out for surge that may occur during the test to ensure the safety of the test bench;

[0035] 6. The control is designed with software and hardware dual channels to ensure safety;

[0036] 7. Noise reduction and heat insulation design are carried out in the heat source part;

[0037] 8. A precise transmission design with a motor as the power source has been designed to work in a high temperature environment above 700℃, which can convert the rotation of the motor into the precise displacement of the plugging cone.

[0038] The switching valve 3 includes a motor 31, an output shaft 32, a disc 33, a slide rail 35, a slider 351, a connecting rod 352, a screw 353, a sleeve rod 354 and a sealing plug 34;

[0039] The motor 31 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the switching valve 3. The disc 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 31 via the output shaft 32. The slide rail 35 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the disc 33. The slider 351 is slidably connected to the slide rail 35 and is fixed to the screw 353 via the connecting rod 352. One end of the sleeve rod 354 has a threaded hole, and the screw 353 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The sealing plug 34 is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the sleeve rod 354. The sealing plug 34 is made of silicone.

[0040] After the motor 31 rotates forward, the sealing plug 34 blocks the exhaust pipe 2 16. After the motor 31 is reset and then rotated reversely, the exhaust pipe 2 16 is opened and the auxiliary air pipe 17 is closed.

[0041] During the performance test of compressor 1, the drive motor 31 rotates counterclockwise forty-five degrees, driving the disc 33 to rotate via the output shaft 32. The disc 33 then drives the slide rail 35 to rotate about its center. The connecting rod 352 then drives the screw 353 to rotate. The screw 353, via the sleeve rod 354, drives the sealing plug 34 to rotate about the center of the disc 33, causing the sealing plug 34 to block the auxiliary air pipe 17. At this point, the compressed air in exhaust pipe 14 enters the switching valve 3, is discharged through exhaust pipe 2 16, and blocks the auxiliary air pipe 17 through the sealing plug 34.

[0042] During the turbine characteristics test, the drive motor 31 rotates 45 degrees clockwise, causing the sealing plug 34 to block the exhaust pipe 16. This allows the compressed air in the exhaust pipe 14 to enter the auxiliary air pipe 17 through the switching valve 3, and then enter the turbine 2 through the auxiliary air pipe 17. By blocking the exhaust pipe 16, a sealing effect is achieved, preventing compressed air from leaking from the exhaust pipe 16, thereby improving the data accuracy of the turbine characteristics test and enhancing the test quality.

[0043] The test turbine 2 and compressor 1 can be switched freely, and the test accuracy is guaranteed.

[0044] A hydraulic chamber 36 is fixed to the left side of the inner wall of the switching valve 3. A hydraulic plate 361 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 36. A hydraulic rod 362 is fixed to the right side of the hydraulic plate 361. The left end of the hydraulic rod 362 is spherical.

[0045] An extrusion rod 355 is fixed to the left side of the slider 351. The left end of the extrusion rod 355 is spherical and contacts the hydraulic rod 362 after rotation. A spring 37 is fixed between the slider 351 and the left side of the inner wall of the slide rail 35.

[0046] When conducting a turbine characteristic test, the slider 351 drives the extrusion rod 355 to rotate around the center of the disk 33 until the extrusion rod 355 contacts the hydraulic rod 362 and squeezes the hydraulic rod 362. The spring 37 is deformed by the force, thereby generating a force, which increases the pressure of the sealing plug 34 on the right side of the switching valve 3, thereby improving the sealing strength and further preventing the leakage of compressed air, thereby improving the test accuracy.

[0047] The left side of the hydraulic chamber 36 is connected to an external hydraulic pump pipeline, and the left side of the hydraulic plate 361 is filled with magnetorheological fluid;

[0048] When conducting a turbine characteristic test, the extrusion rod 355 and the hydraulic rod 362 contact and squeeze each other. At this time, the external hydraulic pump runs, applying pressure to the magnetorheological fluid on the left side of the hydraulic plate 361, thereby increasing the pressure applied by the sealing plug 34 to the right side of the switching valve 3, further improving the sealing performance.

[0049] A pressure control module is provided inside the external hydraulic pump, and the pressure control module is used to adjust the pressure applied by the external hydraulic pump to the magnetorheological fluid;

[0050] As the characteristic tests of the turbine 2 and the compressor 1 are switched, the sealing plug 34 will be worn after multiple operations. At this time, the pressure applied to the magnetorheological fluid can be freely adjusted. The more severe the wear, the greater the pressure applied to the magnetorheological fluid, to avoid the reduction of sealing due to wear, thereby ensuring the sealing and ensuring the accuracy of the characteristic test of the turbine 2.

[0051] An elastic expansion joint 38 is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the switching valve 3, a tooth plate 381 is fixed to the upper end of the elastic expansion joint 38, and a gear 356 is fixed to the outer side of the sleeve rod 354. When the elastic expansion joint 38 is extended, the gear 356 and the tooth plate 381 are meshed with each other.

[0052] The elastic expansion joint 38 is connected to the right side of the hydraulic chamber 36 by two pipes, one of which is provided with a pressure valve, the other with an electric control valve, and the elastic expansion joint 38 is connected to the external control valve pipe;

[0053] When the sealing plug 34 is severely worn, the applied pressure on the magnetorheological fluid is large, causing the hydraulic plate 361 to slide to the right along the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 36 to increase, thereby increasing the gas pressure on the right side of the hydraulic plate 361 until the pressure valve opens, the electric control valve closes, the external control valve closes, and air enters the elastic expansion joint 38 through the pipeline, causing it to stretch, driving the toothed plate 381 to move upward and mesh with the gear 356, driving the gear 356 to rotate slightly, and the gear 356 drives the sleeve rod 354 to rotate through the bearing, and the sleeve rod 354 rotates and moves to the right in the direction of the screw 353 through the threaded hole, thereby screwing the sealing plug 34 into the exhaust pipe 16, greatly improving the sealing performance of the exhaust pipe 16, fully blocking the exhaust pipe 16, and fully preventing the leakage of compressed air. The sealing plug 34 can be fully utilized, and the replacement cost of the sealing plug 34 is reduced;

[0054] When the compressor 1 characteristic test is performed, the electric control valve and the external control valve are opened, the internal pressure of the elastic expansion joint 38 returns to normal, the elastic expansion joint 38 is reset, and the sealing plug 34 releases the exhaust pipe 2 16.

[0055] A support rod 382 is fixed to the left side of the elastic expansion joint 38, and a magnetic block 383 is fixed to the left end of the support rod 382;

[0056] After the elastic expansion joint 38 is extended, the support rod 382 drives the magnet block 383 to move upward, and the distance between the magnet block 383 and the magnetorheological fluid is shortened, thereby exerting a magnetic force on the magnetorheological fluid. When an external magnetic field is applied, the magnetic particles are rapidly magnetized and form a chain structure along the direction of the magnetic field, causing the fluid to change from a liquid state to a high-viscosity, low-fluidity Bingham fluid state, providing support force for the hydraulic plate 361. At this time, the external hydraulic pump can be turned off to reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing operating costs without affecting the sealing.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or that some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine, comprising a compressor (1), a turbine (2) and a measurement and control system, characterized in that: The compressor (1) includes a driving motor (11), a coupling (12), an exhaust volute (13), and an exhaust pipe (14). An electric regulating valve (141) and a flow meter are installed inside the exhaust pipe (14). A quick air release pipe (15) is connected below the exhaust pipe (14), and a quick air release valve (151) is provided inside the quick air release pipe (15). The right end of the exhaust pipe 1 (14) is connected to a switching valve (3), the right side of the switching valve (3) is connected to the exhaust pipe 2 (16), the upper part of the switching valve (3) is connected to the turbine (2) with a secondary pipe (17), the turbine (2) includes a second drive motor and a blocking cone system (21), the right side of the blocking cone system (21) is connected to the exhaust pipe 3 (22), the upper part of the turbine (2) is connected to the exhaust pipe 4 (23), and the upper part of the exhaust pipe 4 (23) is connected to the quick exhaust pipe 2 (24); The measurement and control system includes a measurement and control cabinet (5), a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a speed sensor. The measurement and control cabinet (5) is respectively connected to the compressor (1) and the turbine (2) for signal transmission, and the signals are divided into a control signal and a test signal. The switching valve (3) includes an electric motor (31), an output shaft (32), a disc (33), a slide rail (35), a slider (351), a connecting rod (352), a screw (353), a sleeve rod (354), and a sealing plug (34). The motor (31) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the switching valve (3); the disc (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (31) via the output shaft (32); the slide rail (35) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the disc (33); the slider (351) is slidably connected to the slide rail (35) and fixed to the screw (353) via the connecting rod (352); a threaded hole is provided at one end of the sleeve rod (354), and the screw (353) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole; the sealing plug (34) is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the sleeve rod (354); and the sealing plug (34) is made of silicone. After the motor (31) rotates forward, the sealing plug (34) blocks the second exhaust pipe (16). After the motor (31) is reset and then rotated backward, the second exhaust pipe (16) is opened and the auxiliary air pipe (17) is closed.

2. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic chamber (36) is fixed on the left side of the inner wall of the switching valve (3), a hydraulic plate (361) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber (36), a hydraulic rod (362) is fixed on the right side of the hydraulic plate (361), and the left end of the hydraulic rod (362) is spherical; An extrusion rod (355) is fixed to the left side of the slider (351). The left end of the extrusion rod (355) is spherical and contacts the hydraulic rod (362) after rotation. A spring (37) is fixed between the slider (351) and the left side of the inner wall of the slide rail (35).

3. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left side of the hydraulic chamber (36) is connected to an external hydraulic pump pipeline, and the left side of the hydraulic plate (361) is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

4. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure control module is provided inside the external hydraulic pump, and the pressure control module is used to adjust the pressure applied by the external hydraulic pump to the magnetorheological fluid.

5. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic expansion joint (38) is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the switching valve (3), a tooth plate (381) is fixed to the upper end of the elastic expansion joint (38), a gear (356) is fixed to the outer side of the sleeve rod (354), and after the elastic expansion joint (38) is extended, the gear (356) and the tooth plate (381) are meshed with each other; The elastic expansion joint (38) is connected to the right side of the hydraulic chamber (36) via two pipes, one of which is provided with a pressure valve, and the other is provided with an electric control valve. The elastic expansion joint (38) is connected to an external control valve pipe.

6. A test device for comprehensive performance testing of a compressor and a turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support rod (382) is fixed to the left side of the elastic telescopic joint (38), and a magnetic block (383) is fixed to the left end of the support rod (382).

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