Test device and method for optimizing construction parameters of underground pipeline

Abstract

The invention provides a test device and method for optimizing construction parameters of an underground pipeline, and relates to the technical field of test devices. In the process that the pipeline synchronously moves downwards in stratum compression deformation, the sliding plate can move downwards along with the pipeline, support of the test box assembly on the pipeline is weakened, the real stress condition of the underground pipeline is restored, and powerful guarantee can be provided for design of various parameters in underground pipeline construction; comprising the steps that under the conditions of different stratum characteristics and different load loading, the design of a cushion layer for optimizing pipe laying method construction is researched, or the slurry proportion and grouting hole layout for optimizing pipe jacking method construction are researched, and the grouting resistance reduction mechanism can be researched through the test phenomenon and result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of test devices, and in particular to a test device and method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous advancement of urbanization, the importance of municipal engineering construction in social and economic development has become increasingly significant, and the number of underground pipelines has increased year by year. Pipe burial and pipe jacking are commonly used methods for underground pipeline construction. Pipe burial, as a traditional excavation construction technology, is less difficult to construct. However, after operation, the pipeline is easily affected by the load above, resulting in large deformation, which endangers the operation of the pipeline. Pipe jacking is a trenchless construction technology with the advantage of little impact on the environment, but the construction difficulty gradually increases during long-distance jacking. The problems in the field of geotechnical engineering are complex and changeable. Under different soil conditions and complex environments, there are still problems with unreasonable design of pipe burial and pipe jacking construction parameters.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to explore a multifunctional test device and test method for optimizing the construction parameters of underground pipelines. On the one hand, the effect of different cushion materials on the optimization of buried pipe stress is studied, and on the other hand, the effect of different grouting parameters on reducing friction during the jacking process is studied, which can provide a certain reference for the design of construction parameters of underground pipelines in the future and ensure the safety and reliability of their practical application. At present, some scholars have explored the optimization of underground pipeline construction parameters. For example, Li Tongda et al. conducted a large-scale indoor cyclic shear test to study the deformation characteristics of the pebble-gravel cushion layer. Based on the Zhengzhou rectangular jacking tunnel project, Yang Hongjun et al. studied the effects of grouting hole arrangement, thixotropic mud preparation, grouting pipeline optimization design, and wax coating on the surface of pipe joints. The above processes have been successfully practiced on site, but the design scheme of construction parameters is not popular due to the different geological environments in various places. There is an urgent need for a multifunctional test device and test method for optimizing the construction parameters of underground pipelines. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a test device and method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, which solves the problem that the test for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters cannot simulate the stress optimization effect of different cushion materials under different load conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, the test device comprising: a test box assembly;

[0007] The test box assembly includes: a frame, tempered glass, a double-layer steel plate, a sliding plate, a gantry beam and a load transfer frame;

[0008] The front and rear sides of the frame are encapsulated with tempered glass;

[0009] The left and right sides of the frame are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates and sliding plates, the top and bottom beams of the frame are provided with strip holes for the sliding plates to slide vertically, the left and right sides of the frame are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates on both sides of the sliding plates, and the two sides of the sliding plates are partially inserted into the gaps of the double-layer steel plates;

[0010] The gantry beam is installed on the top beam through a bracket, and the load transfer frame is installed at the bottom of the gantry beam through a jack;

[0011] The bracket is provided with a support beam, and the support beam is connected with a hook through a rope, and the hook suspends the upward sliding plate; the bottom of the sliding plate in the suspended state is still accommodated in the strip hole of the bottom beam;

[0012] A circular hole matching the pipeline is opened in the middle of the sliding plate.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of supports are provided on the top of the bracket, and both ends of the support beam are installed in the supports.

[0014] Preferably, the test box assembly contains geotechnical materials, the pipeline is buried in the geotechnical materials, both ends of the pipeline are aligned with the circular holes, and an earth pressure box sensor is buried above the pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, the test device further comprises: a deformation measurement component;

[0016] The deformation measurement assembly comprises: a support rod, a measuring beam and a displacement sensor;

[0017] The outer wall of the frame is provided with a plurality of hooks, and the two ends of the support rods are installed in the hooks. A measuring beam is set between the two support rods located on the left and right sides of the frame. The measuring beam passes through the circular hole and the pipeline. A displacement sensor is fixed on the measuring beam to monitor the deformation of the pipeline under the load applied by the load transfer frame.

[0018] Preferably, the test device further comprises: a jacking assembly;

[0019] The jacking assembly includes: a reaction wall, an actuator and a PC;

[0020] A first flange is provided at the end of the pipeline;

[0021] The reaction wall is provided with a plurality of sets of screw holes;

[0022] The two ends of the actuator are respectively provided with a second flange and a third flange;

[0023] The first flange is connected to the second flange by flange connection, and the third flange is connected to the screw hole by bolts;

[0024] The PC is connected to the actuator to control the extension and retraction of the actuator and to record the jacking thrust of the actuator throughout the entire process.

[0025] Preferably, the test device further comprises: a slurry delivery component;

[0026] The slurry delivery component comprises: a slurry delivery pump and a slurry delivery pipe;

[0027] The pipe wall of the pipe is provided with grouting holes;

[0028] The slurry delivery pump is connected to the grouting hole through a slurry delivery pipe and is used to deliver the slurry to the outside of the pipeline.

[0029] Preferably, a force transmission frame is provided below the load transmission frame, and the force transmission frame comprises: a plurality of I-beams;

[0030] The extension directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame are perpendicular to each other, and the I-beam is placed on the top of the geotechnical material.

[0031] Preferably, as shown in the figure, a force transmission frame is arranged below the load transmission frame, and the force transmission frame comprises: a load plate and a plurality of I-beams;

[0032] The extension directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame are perpendicular to each other, the load plate is placed on the top of the geotechnical material, and the I-beam is installed on the top of the load plate.

[0033] A test method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, the test method comprising: a buried pipe test method;

[0034] The buried pipe test method comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, the upward sliding plate is suspended at a certain height by a hook;

[0036] S2. Inject the prepared geotechnical materials in layers into the test box assembly with lubricating grease on the inner walls around it, bury the pre-designed cushion material under the pipeline, bury the pipeline after filling the soil to a certain height, continue to fill the soil and set the soil pressure box sensor at the predetermined position;

[0037] S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook to unlock the sliding steel plate, and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the geotechnical material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern;

[0038] S4. After the deformation of the geotechnical material is stabilized, the support rod and the measuring beam are installed, and the displacement sensor on the measuring beam is adjusted so that it is against the arch top, arch waist and arch bottom of the pipeline;

[0039] S5, starting the jack, the displacement sensor and the earth pressure box sensor to load the top surface of the geotechnical material;

[0040] S6. After recording the monitoring data of the displacement sensor and the earth pressure box sensor during the whole process, this round of test ends;

[0041] S7. Use other types of cushion materials and repeat S1 to S6 until the optimal cushion is found. The test ends.

[0042] A test method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, the test method comprising: a pipe jacking test method;

[0043] The pipe jacking test method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, the upward sliding plate is suspended at a certain height by a hook;

[0045] S2. Inject the prepared geotechnical materials in layers into the test box assembly with lubricating grease on the inner walls. After filling the soil to a certain height, bury the pipeline. A section of the pipeline extends out of the test box assembly through the circular hole. Continue to fill the soil and set the soil pressure box sensor at the predetermined position.

[0046] S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook to unlock the sliding steel plate, and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the geotechnical material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern;

[0047] S4, start the jack and the earth pressure box sensor to load the top surface of the geotechnical material;

[0048] S5. After the deformation of the geotechnical material is stabilized, the actuator is installed in a screw hole at a suitable position on the reaction wall so that the axis of the actuator coincides with the axis of the pipeline, and the pipeline is connected to the actuator;

[0049] S6, the slurry delivery pump delivers slurry to the outside of the pipeline through the slurry delivery pipe and the grouting hole;

[0050] S7. After the grouting is sufficient, the actuator is started to push the pipeline to make the pipeline move in a uniform linear motion. The PC records the actuator's thrust throughout the process. After the specified distance is pushed, this round of test ends.

[0051] S8. Use mud materials with other proportions, adjust the distribution of grouting holes, and repeat S1 to S7 until the design with minimum resistance is found, and the optimal mud proportion and optimal grouting hole distribution design are obtained, and the test ends.

[0052] The present invention provides a test device and method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] In the present invention, during the process of the pipeline moving downward synchronously with the stratum compression and deformation, the sliding plate can move downward together with the pipeline, weakening the support of the test box assembly on the pipeline, restoring the actual stress condition of the underground pipeline, and providing a strong guarantee for the design of various parameters in the construction of underground pipelines; including: being able to study and optimize the cushion layer design of buried pipe construction under different stratum characteristics and different load loading conditions, or studying and optimizing the mud ratio and grouting hole layout of jacking pipe construction, and being able to study the grouting drag reduction mechanism through experimental phenomena and results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 It is an assembly isometric drawing of the test box assembly and the deformation measurement assembly in the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is an assembly front view of the test box component and the deformation measurement component in the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is an assembly side view of the test box component and the deformation measurement component in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a top view of the assembly of the test box assembly and the deformation measurement assembly in the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is an assembly isometric drawing of the test box assembly, the jacking assembly and the slurry delivery assembly in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is an assembly front view of the test box assembly, the jacking assembly and the slurry delivery assembly in the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is an assembly side view of the test box assembly, the jacking assembly and the slurry delivery assembly in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a top view of the assembly of the test box assembly, the jacking assembly and the slurry delivery assembly in the present invention;

[0063] The reference numerals in the figure are set as: support 1, earth pressure box sensor 2, frame 3, pipeline 4, tempered glass 5, support beam 6, rope 7, hook 8, gantry beam 9, jack 10, load transfer frame 11, strip hole 12, bracket 13, load plate 14, top beam 15, sliding plate 16, measuring beam 17, support rod 18, hook 19, double-layer steel plate 20, displacement sensor 21, slurry pump 22, slurry pipe 23, first flange 24, second flange 25, reaction wall 26, actuator 27, third flange 28, PC 29, test box assembly 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The embodiments of the present application provide a test device and method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters. The test for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters cannot simulate the problem that the stress optimization effect of different cushion materials under different load conditions.

[0066] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, the test device comprising: a test box assembly 30;

[0069] The test box assembly 30 includes: a frame 3, a tempered glass 5, a double-layer steel plate 20, a sliding plate 16, a gantry beam 9 and a load transfer frame 11;

[0070] The front and rear sides of the frame 3 are encapsulated with tempered glass 5;

[0071] The left and right sides of the frame 3 are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates 20 and sliding plates 16. The top beam 15 and the bottom beam of the frame 3 are provided with strip holes 12 for the sliding plates 16 to slide vertically. The left and right sides of the sliding plates 16 are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates 20. The two sides of the sliding plates 16 are partially inserted into the gaps of the double-layer steel plates 20.

[0072] The gantry beam 9 is installed on the top beam 15 through the bracket 13, and the load transfer frame 11 is installed at the bottom of the gantry beam 9 through the jack 10;

[0073] The support 13 is provided with a support beam 6, and the support beam 6 is connected to a hook 8 through a rope 7, and the hook 8 suspends the upward sliding plate 16; the bottom of the sliding plate 16 in the suspended state is still accommodated in the strip hole 12 of the bottom beam, so as to prevent the geotechnical materials in the test box assembly 30 from leaking out from the bottom of the sliding plate 16;

[0074] A circular hole matching the pipe 4 is opened in the middle of the sliding plate 16 .

[0075] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a plurality of supports 1 are arranged on the top of the bracket 13 , and both ends of the support beam 6 are installed in the supports 1 .

[0076] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, the test box assembly 30 contains geotechnical materials, the pipeline 4 is buried in the geotechnical materials, the two ends of the pipeline 4 are aligned with the circular holes, and the soil pressure box sensor 2 is buried above the pipeline 4.

[0077] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, the test device also includes: a deformation measurement component;

[0078] The deformation measurement assembly includes: a support rod 18, a measuring beam 17 and a displacement sensor 21;

[0079] The outer wall of the frame 3 is provided with a plurality of hooks 19, and both ends of the support rods 18 are installed in the hooks 19. A measuring beam 17 is set between the two support rods 18 located on the left and right sides of the frame 3. The measuring beam 17 passes through the circular hole and the pipeline 4. A displacement sensor 21 is fixed on the measuring beam 17 for monitoring the deformation of the pipeline 4 under the load applied by the load transfer frame 11.

[0080] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the test device further includes: a jacking assembly;

[0081] The jacking assembly includes: a reaction wall 26, an actuator 27 and a PC 29;

[0082] A first flange 24 is provided at the end of the pipeline 4;

[0083] The reaction wall 26 is provided with a plurality of screw holes;

[0084] The actuator 27 is provided with a second flange 25 and a third flange 28 at both ends thereof;

[0085] The first flange 24 is flange-connected to the second flange 25, and the third flange 28 is connected to the screw holes by bolts;

[0086] The PC 29 is connected to the actuator 27 and is used to control the extension and retraction of the actuator 27 and to record the thrust of the actuator 27 throughout the entire process.

[0087] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the test device also includes: a slurry delivery component;

[0088] The slurry delivery assembly includes: a slurry delivery pump 22 and a slurry delivery pipe 23;

[0089] The pipe wall of the pipe 4 is provided with grouting holes;

[0090] The slurry delivery pump 22 is connected to the grouting hole through the slurry delivery pipe 23 and is used to deliver the slurry to the outside of the pipeline 4.

[0091] Embodiment 2:

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, a force transmission frame is arranged below the load transmission frame 11, and the force transmission frame comprises: a plurality of I-beams;

[0093] The extension directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame 11 are perpendicular to each other, and the I-beam is placed on the top of the geotechnical material.

[0094] Embodiment 3:

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, a force transmission frame is arranged below the load transmission frame 11, and the force transmission frame comprises: a load plate 14 and a plurality of I-beams;

[0096] The extending directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame 11 are perpendicular to each other. The load plate 14 is placed on the top of the geotechnical material, and the I-beam is installed on the top of the load plate 14 .

[0097] Embodiment 4:

[0098] The present invention provides a test method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, the test method comprising: a buried pipeline test method;

[0099] The buried pipe test method comprises the following steps:

[0100] S1, the upward sliding plate 16 is suspended by the hook 8 and maintained at a certain height;

[0101] S2, inject the prepared geotechnical materials into the test box assembly 30 with lubricating grease on the inner walls, bury the pre-designed cushion material under the pipeline 4, bury the pipeline 4 after filling the soil to a certain height, continue to fill the soil and set the soil pressure box sensor 2 at the predetermined position;

[0102] S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook 8 to unlock the sliding steel plate 16, and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the rock material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern;

[0103] S4, after the deformation of the geotechnical material is stabilized, the support rod 18 and the measuring beam 17 are installed, and the displacement sensor 21 on the measuring beam 17 is adjusted so that it is against the arch top, arch waist and arch bottom of the pipeline 4;

[0104] S5, start the jack 10, the displacement sensor 21, the earth pressure box sensor 2 and the monitoring instruments to load the top surface of the geotechnical material. During the loading process, the pipeline 4 moves downward synchronously with the compression and deformation of the stratum. Since the sliding plate 16 can slide downward, the test box assembly 30 does not provide additional support force to the two ends of the pipeline 4;

[0105] S6. After recording the monitoring data of the displacement sensor 21, the earth pressure box sensor 2 and other monitoring instruments during the whole process, this round of test ends;

[0106] S7. Use other types of cushion materials and repeat S1 to S6 until the optimal cushion is found. The test ends.

[0107] Embodiment 5:

[0108] The test method includes: a pipe jacking test method;

[0109] The pipe jacking test method comprises the following steps:

[0110] S1, the upward sliding plate 16 is suspended by the hook 8 and maintained at a certain height;

[0111] S2, injecting the prepared geotechnical materials into the test box assembly 30 with lubricating grease on the inner walls in layers, burying the pipe 4 after filling to a certain height, and extending a section of the pipe 4 out of the test box assembly 30 through the circular hole, continuing to fill and setting the soil pressure box sensor 2 at the predetermined position;

[0112] S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook 8 to unlock the sliding steel plate 16, and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the rock material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern;

[0113] S4, start the jack 10 and the earth pressure box sensor 2, and load the top surface of the geotechnical material. During the loading process, the pipeline 4 moves downward synchronously with the compression and deformation of the stratum. Since the sliding plate 16 can slide downward, the test box assembly 30 does not provide additional support force to the two ends of the pipeline 4;

[0114] S5. After the deformation of the geotechnical material is stabilized, the actuator 27 is installed in a screw hole at a suitable position on the reaction wall 26 so that the axis of the actuator 27 coincides with the axis of the pipeline 4, and the pipeline 4 is connected to the actuator 27;

[0115] S6, the slurry delivery pump 22 delivers slurry to the outside of the pipeline 4 through the slurry delivery pipe 23 and the grouting hole;

[0116] S7, after the grouting is sufficient, the actuator 27 is started to push the pipe 4 to make the pipe 4 move in a uniform linear motion, and the PC 29 records the pushing thrust of the actuator 27 throughout the whole process, and the thrust is the resistance suffered by the pipe 4. After the specified distance is pushed, this round of test ends;

[0117] S8. Use mud materials with other proportions, adjust the distribution of grouting holes, and repeat S1 to S7 until the design with minimum resistance is found, and the optimal mud proportion and optimal grouting hole distribution design are obtained, and the test ends.

[0118] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0119] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the pipeline 4 moves downward synchronously with the compression and deformation of the formation, the sliding plate 16 can move downward together with the pipeline 4, weaken the support of the test box assembly 30 on the pipeline 4, restore the actual stress condition of the underground pipeline, and provide a strong guarantee for the design of various parameters in the construction of underground pipelines; including: being able to study and optimize the cushion layer design of buried pipe construction under different formation characteristics and different load loading conditions, or studying and optimizing the mud ratio and grouting hole layout of jacking pipe construction, and being able to study the grouting drag reduction mechanism through experimental phenomena and results.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0121] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, characterized in that: The test device comprises: a test box assembly (30); The test box assembly (30) comprises: a frame (3), tempered glass (5), a double-layer steel plate (20), a sliding plate (16), a gantry beam (9) and a load transfer frame (11); The front and rear surfaces of the frame (3) are encapsulated with tempered glass (5); The left and right sides of the frame (3) are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates (20) and sliding plates (16); the top beam (15) and bottom beam of the frame (3) are provided with strip holes (12) for the sliding plates (16) to slide vertically; the left and right sides of the frame (3) are encapsulated by double-layer steel plates (20) on both sides of the sliding plates (16); and the two side portions of the sliding plates (16) are partially inserted into the gaps between the double-layer steel plates (20); The gantry beam (9) is installed on the top beam (15) through a bracket (13), and the load transfer frame (11) is installed on the bottom of the gantry beam (9) through a jack (10); The support (13) is provided with a support beam (6), the support beam (6) is connected to a hook (8) via a rope (7), and the hook (8) suspends the upwardly moving sliding plate (16); the bottom of the sliding plate (16) in the suspended state is still accommodated in the strip hole (12) of the bottom beam; A circular hole matching the pipe (4) is provided in the middle of the sliding plate (16).

2. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supports (1) are arranged on the top of the bracket (13), and both ends of the support beam (6) are installed in the supports (1).

3. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test box assembly (30) contains geotechnical materials, a pipeline (4) is buried in the geotechnical materials, two ends of the pipeline (4) are aligned with the circular hole, and an earth pressure box sensor (2) is buried above the pipeline (4).

4. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes: a deformation measurement component; The deformation measurement assembly comprises: a support rod (18), a measuring beam (17) and a displacement sensor (21); The outer wall of the frame (3) is provided with a plurality of hooks (19), and both ends of the support rods (18) are installed in the hooks (19). A measuring beam (17) is arranged between the two support rods (18) on the left and right sides of the frame (3). The measuring beam (17) passes through the circular hole and the pipeline (4). A displacement sensor (21) is fixed on the measuring beam (17) for monitoring the deformation of the pipeline (4) under the load applied by the load transfer frame (11).

5. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes: a jacking assembly; The jacking assembly comprises: a reaction wall (26), an actuator (27) and a PC (29); A first flange (24) is provided at the end of the pipeline (4); The reaction wall (26) is provided with a plurality of sets of screw holes; The actuator (27) is provided with a second flange (25) and a third flange (28) at both ends thereof; The first flange (24) is flange-connected to the second flange (25), and the third flange (28) is connected to the screw hole via bolts; The PC (29) is connected to the actuator (27) and is used to control the extension and retraction of the actuator (27) and to record the thrust of the actuator (27) throughout the entire process.

6. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes: a slurry delivery component; The slurry delivery component comprises: a slurry delivery pump (22) and a slurry delivery pipe (23); The pipe wall of the pipe (4) is provided with grouting holes; The slurry delivery pump (22) is connected to the grouting hole via a slurry delivery pipe (23) and is used to deliver the slurry to the outside of the pipeline (4).

7. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A force transmission frame is arranged below the load transmission frame (11), and the force transmission frame comprises: a plurality of I-beams; The extension directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame (11) are perpendicular to each other, and the I-beam is placed on top of the rock and soil material.

8. The test device for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: As shown in FIG. (1), a force transmission frame is provided below the load transmission frame (11), and the force transmission frame comprises: a load plate (14) and a plurality of I-beams; The extension directions of the I-beam and the load transfer frame (11) are perpendicular to each other, the load plate (14) is placed on the top of the rock material, and the I-beam is installed on the top of the load plate (14).

9. A test method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, characterized in that: The test methods include: buried pipe test method; The buried pipe test method comprises the following steps: S1, the upward sliding plate (16) is suspended by the hook (8) and maintained at a certain height; S2, injecting the prepared geotechnical materials in layers into a test box assembly (30) whose inner walls are coated with lubricating grease, burying a pre-designed cushion material under the pipeline (4), burying the pipeline (4) after filling the soil to a certain height, continuing to fill the soil and setting the soil pressure box sensor (2) at a predetermined position; S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook (8) to unlock the sliding steel plate (16), and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the rock material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern; S4, after waiting for the deformation of the geotechnical material to stabilize, the support rod (18) and the measuring beam (17) are installed, and the displacement sensor (21) on the measuring beam (17) is adjusted so that it is against the arch top, arch waist and arch bottom of the pipeline (4); S5, starting the jack (10), the displacement sensor (21) and the earth pressure box sensor (2) to load the top surface of the geotechnical material; S6. After recording the monitoring data of the displacement sensor (21) and the earth pressure box sensor (2) during the whole process, this round of test ends; S7. Use other types of cushion materials and repeat S1 to S6 until the optimal cushion is found. The test ends.

10. A test method for optimizing underground pipeline construction parameters, characterized in that: The test method includes: a pipe jacking test method; The pipe jacking test method comprises the following steps: S1, the upward sliding plate (16) is suspended by the hook (8) and maintained at a certain height; S2, injecting the prepared geotechnical materials in layers into the test box assembly (30) whose inner walls are coated with lubricating grease, burying the pipe (4) after filling the soil to a certain height, and extending a section of the pipe (4) out of the test box assembly (30) through the circular hole, continuing to fill the soil and setting the soil pressure box sensor (2) at a predetermined position; S3. After the filling is completed, release the hook (8) to unlock the sliding steel plate (16), and place a matching force transmission frame on the top of the rock material or no force transmission frame according to the required load distribution pattern; S4, starting the jack (10) and the earth pressure box sensor (2) to load the top surface of the geotechnical material; S5, after the deformation of the geotechnical material is stabilized, the actuator (27) is installed in a screw hole at a suitable position on the reaction wall (26), so that the axis of the actuator (27) coincides with the axis of the pipeline (4), and the pipeline (4) is connected to the actuator (27); S6, the slurry delivery pump (22) delivers slurry to the outside of the pipeline (4) through the slurry delivery pipe (23) and the grouting hole; S7, after the grouting is sufficient, the actuator (27) is started to push the pipeline (4) to make the pipeline (4) move in a uniform linear motion, and the PC (29) records the pushing force of the actuator (27) throughout the whole process. After the specified distance is pushed, this round of test ends; S8. Use mud materials with other proportions, adjust the distribution of grouting holes, and repeat S1 to S7 until the design with minimum resistance is found, and the optimal mud proportion and optimal grouting hole distribution design are obtained, and the test ends.

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