Acceleration sensor capable of realizing position self-correction and multidirectional stepless adjustment and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to an acceleration sensor capable of realizing position self-correction and multi-direction stepless adjustment and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of acceleration sensors. The acceleration sensor comprises a sensor body, an upper supporting seat and a lower supporting seat; the appearance of the sensor body is a three-quarter sphere, a spherical cavity is formed in the lower supporting seat, and the sensor body is placed on the spherical cavity of the lower supporting seat and can freely rotate; the upper supporting seat is fixedly connected with the lower supporting seat and used for fixing the position of the sensor body. The device is novel in structural design, is not limited by the installation position, can automatically correct the measurement direction of the sensor body even if the installation position is inclined, guarantees the vertical upward output direction, and achieves the automatic correction of the measurement direction of the sensor. When vibration of an object in the vertical direction needs to be tested, measurement is more accurate. When measurement in other directions is needed, stepless adjustment and measurement at any angle within the range of 60 degrees can be achieved, limitation of the measurement angle is avoided, and the testing performance of the sensor is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions and a working method, belonging to the technical field of acceleration sensors. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the accelerometer is based on the piezoelectric effect. When the sensor senses vibration, the piezoelectric element in the core is acted upon by the inertial force, causing a charge change on the surface of the piezoelectric element, thereby generating a voltage. After being processed by the integral amplifier circuit, the measurement output of acceleration, vibration velocity and displacement is realized in the acquisition device. Piezoelectric accelerometers are widely used in various industries, such as automobiles, medical care, aerospace, etc. For example, in the automobile manufacturing industry, the NVH characteristics of automobiles are studied and analyzed, and accelerometers are used to measure the vibration acceleration of key parts of the car body, such as engines and transmissions, and analyze the amplitude, frequency, phase and other information of the vibration to help engineers determine the vibration source and propagation path.

[0003] Especially when using sensors to detect seat vibration, it is necessary to detect vibration in all directions. At this time, traditional sensors can only test in one fixed direction, and the sensor posture cannot be adjusted, and more comprehensive test data cannot be provided.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need for an acceleration sensor that can self-correct position and be infinitely adjustable in multiple directions. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an acceleration sensor and a working method which can self-correct position and infinitely adjust in multiple directions, and can automatically correct the measuring direction to be vertically upward and can realize infinitely testing in multiple directions.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: On the one hand, the present invention provides an acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions, comprising a sensor body, an upper support seat and a lower support seat; The sensor body has a shape of three-quarters of a sphere, a spherical cavity is provided on the lower support seat, and the sensor body is placed on the spherical cavity of the lower support seat and can rotate freely; The upper support seat is fixedly connected to the lower support seat and is used to fix the position of the sensor body.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor body comprises a shell, a core and a nozzle, the shell has a three-quarter spherical shape, a concave hole is arranged on the top of the shell, the bottom of the concave hole serves as a mounting surface of the nozzle, a cylindrical cavity is arranged below the concave hole, serving as a mounting space for the core, and a threaded hole A is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical space; The bottom of the core body is provided with an external thread that matches the threaded hole A, and the nozzle is welded to the bottom of the recessed hole to seal the cylindrical cavity where the core body is installed; The center of gravity of the sensor body is downward.

[0008] Preferably, the recessed hole is a 60° conical hole, mainly to leave space for the nozzle position, to facilitate operation by personnel, and to facilitate the free rotation of the sensor body.

[0009] Preferably, the lower support seat is a rectangular structure, and the diameter of the spherical cavity of the lower support seat is 0.01 mm larger than the diameter of the sphere of three quarters of the sensor body, which is convenient for matching the sensor body with the spherical cavity of the lower support seat, and lubricating oil is applied between the two to reduce the friction between the two and ensure free rotation. In addition, the center of gravity of the sensor body is low, so the sensor body will naturally be placed vertically upward, similar to a tumbler structure, to achieve self-correcting position of the sensor; finally, the upper support seat is aligned with the lower support seat and installed to press the sensor housing to achieve position locking of the sensor body.

[0010] Preferably, the upper support seat is also a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and a through hole is provided on the top of the upper support seat, and the size of the through hole is greater than or equal to the size of the concave hole, so as to expose the concave hole above the shell; The upper support seat and the lower support seat are fixedly connected by bolts; A spherical groove is provided at the bottom of the upper support seat for accommodating three-quarters of the sphere of the sensor body; the vertical height of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is smaller than the vertical height of the top part of the lower support seat exposed by the shell shape. Preferably, the vertical height of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is 0.05mm smaller, so that the upper support seat can fix and lock the sensor body after tightening the bolt.

[0011] Preferably, the upper support seat and the lower support seat are symmetrically provided with 4 through holes at corresponding positions, and are respectively fixedly connected by 4 M4 bolts. A groove and a flange are also provided at the joint of the upper support seat and the lower support seat to facilitate the joint between the two and limit the horizontal movement direction of the upper support seat.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is rough and has a certain roughness.

[0013] Preferably, a welding seam is provided at the bottom of the outer edge of the nozzle to facilitate laser welding (as shown in position A in the figure); The upper part of the nozzle is provided with an M5 external thread, which is convenient for connecting with external cables and transmitting core signals; M5 mounting threaded holes are arranged on the five surfaces of the lower support seat to facilitate the installation of the sensor.

[0014] The present invention breaks the appearance structure of the original acceleration sensor, designs the appearance of the sensor body into a sphere, and combines the external mounting seat to design the sensor into a structure that can be rotated at will. The center of gravity of the sensor body is located at the lower part of the sensor body. When the sensor is installed on an irregular surface, the output direction can always be guaranteed to be vertically upward. When it is necessary to test the vibration of an object in the vertical direction, the measurement of the sensor is more accurate. The overall structural design is simple and novel, breaking through the design concept of conventional sensors.

[0015] Preferably, the core body includes a center column, a piezoelectric element, a mass block and an alloy ring, and the piezoelectric element, the mass block and the alloy ring are all circular structures. The center column is a cylindrical structure located at the center, the upper part of the center column is the core body mounting surface, and the lower part is provided with an M4 external thread for installation with the shell; the piezoelectric element, the mass block and the alloy ring are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core body mounting surface of the center column, and the alloy ring is a heat shrink ring, which can lock the internal mass block and piezoelectric element after heating.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a working method of the above-mentioned acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions, comprising: (1) Install the bottom of the core body in the threaded hole A of the cylindrical cavity below the recessed hole of the shell through the external thread, connect the signal line of the core body to the nozzle, and place the nozzle at the bottom of the recessed hole of the shell and use laser welding to seal the core body to complete the assembly of the sensor body; (2) Place the sensor body into the spherical cavity of the lower support seat. Since the center of gravity of the sensor body is low and the surface between the spherical cavity and the sensor body is smooth and can rotate freely, when it is necessary to measure the vertical acceleration, the output direction of the sensor body will automatically remain vertically upward. Then place the upper support seat on the lower support seat, and embed the upper part of the sphere of the sensor body into the spherical groove. Use bolts to fix the upper support seat and the lower support seat to press and lock the sensor body, thereby realizing the accurate measurement of vertical acceleration on the inclined mounting surface. When it is necessary to measure acceleration in directions other than the vertical direction, first loosen the bolts between the upper support seat and the lower support seat so that the sensor body can rotate in the spherical cavity of the lower support seat, and then manually rotate the sensor body. When it is rotated to the appropriate measuring direction, that is, when the nozzle is consistent with the measuring direction, tighten the bolts between the upper support seat and the lower support seat again to lock the sensor body. (3) The connector is connected to the external cable to transmit the core signal.

[0017] It is worth noting that since the sensor of the present invention is steplessly adjustable, when measuring directions other than the vertical direction, it is impossible to accurately adjust the rotation angle of the sensor body to make it strictly consistent with the test direction. The approximate direction can only be obtained through visual inspection or angle measurement tools. The accuracy of some directional adjustments is sacrificed for the sake of stepless adjustment.

[0018] (3) The connector is connected to the external cable to transmit the core signal.

[0019] Where the present invention is not exhaustive, prior art may be used.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The structural design of the present invention is novel, breaking through the test concept of fixed direction testing of traditional sensors. The sensor of the present invention is not restricted by the installation position. Even if the installation position is tilted (when there is no installation condition on the horizontal plane, it can be installed on the inclined plane), it can still correct the measurement direction of the sensor body by itself to ensure that the output direction is vertically upward, thereby realizing the automatic correction design of the sensor measurement direction. Therefore, when it is necessary to test the vibration of an object in the vertical direction, the measurement of the sensor is more accurate. When measurement in other directions is required, stepless adjustment and measurement of any angle within a range of 60° can be achieved without being restricted by the measurement angle, greatly improving the sensor test performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the acceleration sensor of the present invention being installed at an inclined surface; Figure 4 An exploded diagram of the acceleration sensor of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the housing structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the upper support base structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the lower support structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the core structure of the acceleration sensor of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; In the figure, 1-bolt, 2-upper support seat, 3-mouthpiece, 4-core, 5-shell, 6-lower support seat, 7-welding seam, 8-center column, 9-piezoelectric element, 10-mass block, 11-alloy ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, they will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but are not limited to these. Anything not fully described in the present invention shall be based on conventional techniques in the art.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 An acceleration sensor that can self-correct position and is infinitely adjustable in multiple directions, such as Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, it includes a sensor body, an upper support seat 2 and a lower support seat 6; The sensor body has a three-quarter spherical shape, and a spherical cavity is provided on the lower support seat 6. The sensor body is placed on the spherical cavity of the lower support seat and can rotate freely. The upper support seat 2 is fixedly connected to the lower support seat 6 to fix the position of the sensor body.

[0025] Example 2 An acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions, as described in Example 1, except that the sensor body comprises a shell 5, a core 4 and a nozzle 3, the shell 5 has a three-quarter spherical structure, a concave hole is arranged above the shell 5, the bottom of the concave hole serves as a mounting surface of the nozzle, a cylindrical cavity is arranged below the concave hole, serving as a mounting space for the core, and a threaded hole A is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical space; The bottom of the core body 4 is provided with an external thread that matches the threaded hole A, and the nozzle 3 is welded to the bottom of the recessed hole to seal the cylindrical cavity where the core body is installed; The center of gravity of the sensor body is low.

[0026] The concave hole is a 60° tapered hole, such as Figure 5 As shown, it is mainly to leave space for the nozzle position to facilitate personnel operation and facilitate the free rotation of the sensor body.

[0027] Example 3 An acceleration sensor with self-correcting position and multi-directional infinite adjustment is as described in Example 2, except that the lower support seat 6 is a rectangular structure, and the diameter of the spherical cavity of the lower support seat 6 is 0.01 mm larger than the diameter of the sphere of the sensor body, which is three-quarters of the sensor body, so that the sensor body and the spherical cavity of the lower support seat can be matched conveniently, and lubricating oil is applied between the two to reduce the friction between the two and ensure free rotation. In addition, the center of gravity of the sensor body is low, so the sensor body will naturally be placed vertically upward, similar to a tumbler structure, to achieve the self-correcting position of the sensor; finally, the upper support seat is aligned with the lower support seat and installed to press the sensor housing to achieve position locking of the sensor body.

[0028] Example 4 An acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and infinitely adjusting in multiple directions, as described in Example 3, except that the upper support seat 2 is also a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and a through hole is provided on the top of the upper support seat 2, the size of the through hole is greater than or equal to the size of the concave hole, and is used to expose the concave hole above the shell; The upper support seat 2 and the lower support seat 6 are fixedly connected by bolts 1; A spherical groove is provided at the bottom of the upper support seat 2 for accommodating three-quarters of the sphere of the sensor body; the vertical height of the spherical groove of the upper support seat 2 is smaller than the vertical height of the top part of the lower support seat exposed by the shell shape. In this embodiment, the vertical height of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is 0.05mm smaller, so after tightening the bolts, the upper support seat can fix and lock the sensor body.

[0029] There are 4 through holes symmetrically distributed at corresponding positions on the upper support seat 2 and the lower support seat 6, which are fixedly connected by 4 M4 bolts respectively. A groove and a flange are also provided at the joint of the upper support seat and the lower support seat to facilitate the joint between the two and limit the horizontal movement direction of the upper support seat.

[0030] The inner wall of the spherical groove of the upper support seat 2 is rough and has a certain roughness, which is convenient for locking the sensor body.

[0031] Example 5 An acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and infinitely adjusting in multiple directions, as described in Example 4, except that a welding seam 7 is provided at the bottom of the outer edge of the nozzle 3 to facilitate laser welding; The upper part of the nozzle 3 is provided with an M5 external thread, which is convenient for connecting with external cables and transmitting core signals; M5 mounting threaded holes are arranged on the five surfaces of the lower support seat 6 to facilitate the installation of the sensor.

[0032] The present invention breaks the appearance structure of the original acceleration sensor, designs the appearance of the sensor body into a sphere, and combines the external mounting seat to design the sensor into a structure that can be rotated at will. The center of gravity of the sensor body is located at the lower part of the sensor body. When the sensor is installed on an irregular surface, the output direction can always be guaranteed to be vertically upward. When it is necessary to test the vibration of an object in the vertical direction, the measurement of the sensor is more accurate. The overall structural design is simple and novel, breaking through the design concept of conventional sensors.

[0033] Example 6 An acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and infinitely adjusting in multiple directions, as described in Example 5, except that Fig. 9 As shown, the core includes a central column 8, a piezoelectric element 9, a mass block 10 and an alloy ring 11. The piezoelectric element 9, the mass block 10 and the alloy ring 11 are all circular structures. The central column 8 is a cylindrical structure located at the center. The upper part of the central column is the core mounting surface, and the lower part is provided with an M4 external thread for installation with the shell. The piezoelectric element 9, the mass block 10 and the alloy ring 11 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core mounting surface of the central column 8. The alloy ring 11 is a heat shrink ring, which can lock the internal mass block 10 and the piezoelectric element 9 after heating.

[0034] Example 7 A working method of an acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions, comprising: (1) The bottom of the core body 4 is installed in the threaded hole A of the cylindrical cavity below the recessed hole of the shell through the external thread, the signal line of the core body 4 is connected to the nozzle 3, and the nozzle 3 is placed at the bottom of the recessed hole of the shell and laser welded to seal the core body, completing the assembly of the sensor body; (2) Place the sensor body into the spherical cavity of the lower support seat 6. Since the center of gravity of the sensor body is low and the gap between the spherical cavity and the outer shape of the sensor body is smooth, it can rotate freely. When it is necessary to measure the vertical acceleration, the output direction of the sensor body will automatically remain vertically upward, such as Figure 3 As shown, even if the mounting surface is an inclined surface, the sensor body is always in a vertical direction, and then the upper support seat 2 is placed on the lower support seat 6, and the upper part of the three-quarter sphere of the sensor body is embedded in the spherical groove, and the upper support seat 2 and the lower support seat 6 are fixedly connected by bolts 1, pressing and locking the sensor body, so as to realize the accurate measurement of the vertical acceleration on the inclined mounting surface; When it is necessary to measure acceleration in directions other than the vertical direction, first loosen the bolt 1 between the upper support seat 2 and the lower support seat 6 to allow the sensor body to rotate in the spherical cavity of the lower support seat, and then manually rotate the sensor body. When it is rotated to the appropriate measuring direction, that is, when the nozzle is consistent with the measuring direction, tighten the bolt between the upper support seat and the lower support seat again to lock the sensor body. (3) Connector 3 is connected to the external cable to transmit the core signal.

[0035] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and infinitely adjustable in multiple directions, characterized in that: It includes a sensor body, an upper support seat and a lower support seat; The sensor body has a shape of three-quarters of a sphere, a spherical cavity is provided on the lower support seat, and the sensor body is placed on the spherical cavity of the lower support seat and can rotate freely; The upper support seat is fixedly connected to the lower support seat and is used to fix the position of the sensor body.

2. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustment acceleration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor body includes a shell, a core and a nozzle. The shell has a three-quarter spherical shape. A concave hole is provided on the top of the shell. A cylindrical cavity is provided below the concave hole. A threaded hole A is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical space. The bottom of the core body is provided with an external thread that matches the threaded hole A, and the nozzle is welded to the bottom of the recessed hole to seal the cylindrical cavity where the core body is installed; The center of gravity of the sensor body is downward.

3. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustment acceleration sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concave hole is a 60° tapered hole.

4. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustment acceleration sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower support seat is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the diameter of the spherical cavity of the lower support seat is 0.01 mm larger than the diameter of the sphere of three quarters of the sensor body, and lubricating oil is coated between the two.

5. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustable acceleration sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper support seat is also a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and a through hole is provided on the top of the upper support seat to expose the concave hole above the shell; The upper support seat and the lower support seat are fixedly connected by bolts; A spherical groove is provided at the bottom of the upper support seat for accommodating three-quarters of the sphere of the sensor body; the vertical height of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is smaller than the vertical height of the top part of the lower support seat exposed from the shell shape, and the upper support seat can fix and lock the sensor body after tightening the bolts.

6. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustable acceleration sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper support seat and the lower support seat are fixedly connected by four symmetrically distributed bolts.

7. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustable acceleration sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spherical groove of the upper support seat is rough.

8. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustable acceleration sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer edge of the nozzle is provided with a welding seam, and the upper part of the nozzle is provided with an external thread; The five surfaces of the lower support seat are all provided with mounting threaded holes for mounting the sensor.

9. The self-correcting, multi-directional stepless adjustable acceleration sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The core body includes a central column, a piezoelectric element, a mass block and an alloy ring. The piezoelectric element, the mass block and the alloy ring are all circular structures. The central column is a cylindrical structure located at the center. The upper part of the central column is a core body mounting surface, and the lower part is provided with an external thread for installation with the shell. The piezoelectric element, the mass block and the alloy ring are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core body mounting surface of the central column. The alloy ring is a heat shrink ring, which can lock the internal mass block and piezoelectric element after being heated.

10. A method for operating the acceleration sensor capable of self-correcting position and stepless adjustment in multiple directions according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: (1) Install the bottom of the core body in the threaded hole A of the cylindrical cavity below the recessed hole of the shell through the external thread, connect the signal line of the core body to the nozzle, and place the nozzle at the bottom of the recessed hole of the shell and use laser welding to seal the core body to complete the assembly of the sensor body; (2) Place the sensor body into the spherical cavity of the lower support seat. Since the center of gravity of the sensor body is at the bottom and the spherical cavity and the outer shape of the sensor body are smooth, they can rotate freely. When it is necessary to measure the vertical acceleration, the output direction of the sensor body will automatically remain vertically upward. Then place the upper support seat on the lower support seat, and make the upper part of the sphere of the sensor body three quarters of the way into the spherical groove. Use bolts to fix the upper support seat and the lower support seat to press and lock the sensor body. When it is necessary to measure acceleration in directions other than the vertical direction, first loosen the bolts between the upper support seat and the lower support seat so that the sensor body can rotate in the spherical cavity of the lower support seat, and then manually rotate the sensor body. When it is rotated to the appropriate measuring direction, that is, when the nozzle is consistent with the measuring direction, tighten the bolts between the upper support seat and the lower support seat again to lock the sensor body. (3) The connector is connected to the external cable to transmit the core signal.

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