Amine escape treatment device and amine escape treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides an amine escape treatment device and method, and the device comprises an absorption tower which is internally provided with a filler layer; the carbon dioxide washing unit is arranged in the absorption tower, and the carbon dioxide washing unit is located above the filler layer and located at the flue gas outlet; the regeneration tower is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet, the second liquid inlet is connected with the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet is connected with the first liquid outlet, and an outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit is connected with the regeneration tower; an inlet of the refrigeration compressor is connected with the carbon dioxide outlet; the liquid storage tank is connected with an outlet of the refrigeration compressor through a first connecting pipeline, and the first connecting pipeline is connected with the carbon dioxide washing unit through a second connecting pipeline. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the related technology, part of amine and purified flue gas obtained after CO2 is removed escape from an absorption tower and are discharged into the atmosphere, and pollution is caused to the environment is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide capture, and in particular to an amine escape treatment device and an amine escape treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Chemical absorption is a common carbon capture method. In this process, alkaline amine absorbents (such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and N-methyldiethanolamine) react with carbon dioxide in the flue gas to form unstable carbamates. The reaction between carbon dioxide and amines is a reversible process. Typically, in an absorption tower, carbon dioxide is captured by the amine absorbent from the flue gas, forming the corresponding carbonate or bicarbonate. For example, monoethanolamine reacts with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form monoethanolamine bicarbonate.

[0003] Carbon capture technology is an effective means of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Through chemical absorption, CO2 can be efficiently separated and captured from industrial emission sources, enabling centralized management and utilization of CO2.

[0004] However, during the CO2 capture process, some amine escapes from the absorber along with the CO2. If released into the atmosphere, this amine can pollute the environment. Furthermore, this amine escape reduces capture efficiency, and the loss of amine requires replenishment, increasing operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an amine escape treatment device and an amine escape treatment method to solve the problem in the related art that some amines escape from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal and are discharged into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an amine escape treatment device, comprising: an absorption tower, the absorption tower being provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and the absorption tower having a packing layer; a carbon dioxide washing unit being arranged in the absorption tower, the carbon dioxide washing unit being located above the packing layer and at the flue gas outlet; a regeneration tower, the regeneration tower being provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet, the second liquid inlet being connected to the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet being connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit being connected to the regeneration tower; a refrigeration compressor, the inlet of the refrigeration compressor being connected to the carbon dioxide outlet; and a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank being connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor via a first connecting pipeline, and the first connecting pipeline being connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit via a second connecting pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the amine escape treatment device further comprises a carbon dioxide compressor connected between the inlet of the refrigeration compressor and the carbon dioxide outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, a control valve is provided on the second connecting pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, a gas chromatograph is provided on the carbon dioxide washing unit, and the amine escape treatment device further comprises a controller, and the gas chromatograph and the control valve are both connected to the controller.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of diverter plates are provided at the connection between the second connecting pipeline and the carbon dioxide washing unit. The plurality of diverter plates are stacked and a diverter channel is formed between two adjacent diverter plates.

[0011] Furthermore, each diverter plate is bent in a horizontal direction.

[0012] Furthermore, a first atomizing hood is provided at one end of the diversion channel facing the carbon dioxide washing unit, and a second atomizing hood is provided on the side of the first atomizing hood facing the carbon dioxide washing unit. The second atomizing hood is rotatably provided and communicates with the diversion channel through the first atomizing hood.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing adjustment structure is provided at the connection between the first atomizing hood and the diversion channel. The sealing adjustment structure includes two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, a spring and an electric push rod. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies are symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing hood along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing hood. The spring is connected between the first ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, and the electric push rod is connected between the second ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies. The two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies, the spring and the electric push rod form a circle structure, and when the electric push rod is extended or retracted, the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies are driven to deform.

[0014] Furthermore, the amine escape treatment device also includes a demister arranged below the carbon dioxide washing unit, and the demister is located above the first liquid inlet; the amine escape treatment device also includes a gas-liquid membrane separation unit arranged between the flue gas outlet and the carbon dioxide washing unit; the second liquid inlet is connected to the first liquid outlet through a third connecting pipeline, and the second liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid inlet through a fourth connecting pipeline, and a heat exchanger is connected to the third connecting pipeline and the fourth connecting pipeline.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for treating amine escape is provided, and the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device is used to achieve the treatment of amine escape. The amine escape treatment method includes the following steps: compressing the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; sending a portion of the liquid CO2 to the carbon dioxide washing unit at the flue gas outlet to allow the liquid CO2 to react with the amine escaped from the carbon dioxide washing unit.

[0016] According to the technical solution of the present invention, the amine escape treatment device includes: an absorption tower, a carbon dioxide washing unit, a regeneration tower, a refrigeration compressor and a liquid storage tank. The absorption tower is provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and a packing layer is provided in the absorption tower. The carbon dioxide washing unit is provided in the absorption tower, and the carbon dioxide washing unit is located above the packing layer and at the flue gas outlet. The regeneration tower is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second liquid outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet, the second liquid inlet is connected to the first liquid inlet, the second liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid outlet, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit is connected to the regeneration tower. The inlet of the refrigeration compressor is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet. The liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor via a first connecting pipeline, and the first connecting pipeline is connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit via a second connecting pipeline. The flue gas in the absorption tower that cannot react with the carbon capture solution passes through the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit and is discharged from the flue gas outlet. The CO2 in the flue gas is fixed in the carbon capture solution after passing through the absorption tower. It is then heated in the regeneration tower, where the CO2 is desorbed. The high-concentration CO2 is processed by a refrigeration compressor and converted into liquid CO2 with a high CO2 content. As the liquid CO2 flows into the liquid storage tank, a portion is taken from the second connecting pipeline and sent to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit to scrub organic amines (i.e., escaped amines) and H2O entrained at the flue gas outlet. This solves the problem in related technologies where some amines escape from the absorption tower and are released into the atmosphere along with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal, reducing the degree of environmental pollution. At the same time, a portion of the liquid CO2 is promptly replenished to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit, eliminating the need to introduce new compounds during the exhaust gas treatment stage, preventing solvent loss and effectively reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A piping connection diagram of an embodiment of an amine escape treatment device according to the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 A schematic side view of the connection between the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit and the second connecting pipeline of the amine escape treatment device;

[0020] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 A schematic top view of the connection between the carbon dioxide washing unit and the second connecting pipeline of the amine escape treatment device;

[0021] Figure 4 Shown Figure 3Schematic diagram of the sealing adjustment structure of the amine escape treatment device installed on the rear side of the first atomizing hood.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 10. Absorption tower; 11. Flue gas inlet; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. First liquid inlet; 14. First liquid outlet;

[0024] 21. Packing layer; 22. Carbon dioxide scrubbing unit; 23. Gas-liquid membrane separation unit; 24. Diverter plate; 25. Diverter channel; 26. First atomizing hood; 27. Second atomizing hood;

[0025] 30. Regeneration tower; 31. Second liquid inlet; 32. Second liquid outlet; 33. Carbon dioxide outlet;

[0026] 41. Refrigeration compressor; 42. Carbon dioxide compressor; 43. Liquid storage tank;

[0027] 51. First connecting pipeline; 52. Second connecting pipeline; 53. Control valve; 54. Third connecting pipeline; 55. Fourth connecting pipeline; 56. Heat exchanger;

[0028] 61. Defogger; 62. Sealing adjustment structure; 621. Arc-shaped elastic sealing body; 622. Spring; 623. Electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The technology, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides an amine escape treatment device, and an embodiment of the amine escape treatment device includes: an absorption tower 10, a carbon dioxide washing unit 22, a regeneration tower 30, a refrigeration compressor 41 and a liquid storage tank 43. The absorption tower 10 is provided with a flue gas inlet 11, a flue gas outlet 12, a first liquid inlet 13 and a first liquid outlet 14, and the absorption tower 10 has a packing layer 21. The carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is arranged in the absorption tower 10, and the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is located above the packing layer 21 and is located at the flue gas outlet 12. The regeneration tower 30 is provided with a second liquid inlet 31, a second liquid outlet 32 ​​and a carbon dioxide outlet 33, the second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid inlet 13, the second liquid outlet 32 ​​is connected to the first liquid outlet 14, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is connected to the regeneration tower 30. The inlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 33. The liquid storage tank 43 is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 through a first connecting pipe 51 , and the first connecting pipe 51 is connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 through a second connecting pipe 52 .

[0033] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the amine escape treatment device includes: an absorption tower 10, a carbon dioxide washing unit 22, a regeneration tower 30, a refrigeration compressor 41 and a liquid storage tank 43. The absorption tower 10 is provided with a flue gas inlet 11, a flue gas outlet 12, a first liquid inlet 13 and a first liquid outlet 14, and the absorption tower 10 has a packing layer 21. The carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is arranged in the absorption tower 10, and the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is located above the packing layer 21 and at the flue gas outlet 12. The regeneration tower 30 is provided with a second liquid inlet 31, a second liquid outlet 32 ​​and a carbon dioxide outlet 33. The second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid inlet 13, the second liquid outlet 32 ​​is connected to the first liquid outlet 14, and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 is connected to the regeneration tower 30.

[0034] The inlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet 33. The liquid storage tank 43 is connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 via a first connecting line 51, which in turn is connected to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 via a second connecting line 52. The flue gas in the absorption tower 10 that is unable to react with the carbon capture solution passes through the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 and is discharged through the flue gas outlet 12. The CO₂ in the flue gas is fixed in the carbon capture solution after passing through the absorption tower 10. After heating in the regeneration tower 30, the CO₂ is desorbed. The high-concentration CO₂ is processed by the refrigeration compressor 41 and converted into liquid CO₂ with a high CO₂ content. As the liquid CO₂ flows into the liquid storage tank 43, a portion of the CO₂ liquid is extracted and fed to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 via the second connecting line 52. This is used to scrub organic amines (i.e., escaped amines) and H₂O carried over from the flue gas outlet 12. This solves the problem in related art where some amines escape from the absorption tower along with the clean flue gas after CO₂ removal and are discharged into the atmosphere, thereby reducing the degree of environmental pollution. At the same time, a portion of the liquid CO2 is promptly replenished to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. No new compounds are introduced during the tail gas treatment phase, resulting in no loss of solvent and effectively reducing operating costs. The aforementioned high CO2 content refers to a CO2 content within the range of 99% to 100%, preferably 99.1%, 99.3%, 99.5%, 99.7%, 99.9%, or 100%.

[0035] It is understandable that the method of reducing ammonia escape in this embodiment is that the effect of using low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide to wash the exhaust gas in the flue gas of the absorption tower is better than the effect of traditional water washing: because the liquid CO2 and the aerosol form of amine undergo a chemical reaction, while water washing and the aerosol form of amine only remove it from the flue gas through physical dissolution.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the amine escape treatment device also includes a carbon dioxide compressor 42 connected between the inlet of the refrigeration compressor 41 and the carbon dioxide outlet 33. The carbon dioxide compressor 42 compresses the captured CO2 gas to a higher pressure so that the refrigeration compressor 41 can subsequently liquefy and transport it, as well as store it in the subsequent liquid storage tank 43. The refrigeration compressor 41 can drive the refrigeration cycle so that the carbon dioxide removes heat through the compression-condensation-expansion-evaporation process to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. In this way, after the carbon dioxide passes through the carbon dioxide compressor 42 and the refrigeration compressor 41, the liquid CO2 is directly extracted from the back of the refrigeration compressor 41. The process is simple, no new chemicals are required, and no new impurities are introduced. The synthetic product of the reaction of organic amines and carbon dioxide entrained in the flue gas can be re-entered into the regeneration tower for heating and regeneration.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, in order to control the flow rate of liquid CO2 flowing in the second connecting pipeline 52, a control valve 53 is provided on the second connecting pipeline 52. The control valve 53 is a flow control valve.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is equipped with a gas chromatograph. The amine escape treatment device also includes a controller, to which the gas chromatograph and control valve 53 are connected. The gas chromatograph is used to analyze gases or volatile compounds in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 and can accurately determine the amine content in the flue gas or absorbent. The controller then adjusts the opening of the control valve 53 based on the amine content measured by the gas chromatograph to ensure that the amount of liquid CO2 delivered to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 is sufficient.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the uniform distribution of liquid CO2 in the carbon dioxide washing unit 22, a plurality of diverter plates 24 are provided at the connection between the second connecting pipeline 52 and the carbon dioxide washing unit 22. The plurality of diverter plates 24 are stacked, and a diverter channel 25 is formed between two adjacent diverter plates 24.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, each diverter plate 24 is bent in the horizontal direction. The flow area inside the diverter channel 25 is larger than the flow area at its upper and lower ends. By designing the diverter plate 24 as a structure that is bent in the horizontal direction, the distribution uniformity of the liquid CO2 before entering the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 can be significantly improved. The bending setting helps the liquid CO2 to form a thin and uniform liquid film on the plate surface of the diverter plate 24, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​the liquid CO2 in contact with the air or other gases. This design can ensure that the liquid CO2 is evenly dispersed. At the same time, the bent plate can effectively reduce the flow velocity of the liquid CO2, provide a longer time for subsequent atomization, and help improve the atomization effect.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, further, a first atomizing hood 26 is provided at one end of the diversion channel 25 facing the carbon dioxide washing unit 22, and a second atomizing hood 27 is provided on the side of the first atomizing hood 26 facing the carbon dioxide washing unit 22. The second atomizing hood 27 is rotatably arranged and communicates with the diversion channel 25 through the first atomizing hood 26.

[0042] The combination of the first atomizing hood 26 and the second atomizing hood 27 significantly enhances the atomization efficiency of liquid CO2. While the first atomizing hood 26 initially disperses the liquid CO2 into fine droplets, the rotatable design of the second atomizing hood 27 allows the atomization angle and pattern to be adjusted based on actual operating conditions (such as the liquid CO2 flow rate and pressure) to optimize the contact and reaction between the droplets and the escaping amines in the flue gas. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the atomization process remains efficient regardless of changing operating conditions, preventing a decrease in atomization efficiency due to these changes. The rotation of the second atomizing hood 27 changes the direction of the droplet spray, increasing the chance of collision with the amine and thus improving amine capture efficiency. Furthermore, this design prevents the liquid CO2 from directly impacting the packing layer 21, avoiding uneven distribution and ensuring more complete and uniform contact between the liquid CO2 and the flue gas.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a sealing adjustment structure 62 is provided at the connection between the first atomizing hood 26 and the diversion channel 25. The sealing adjustment structure 62 includes two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621, a spring 622, and an electric push rod 623. The two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621 are symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing hood 26 along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing hood 26. The spring 622 is connected between the first ends of the two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621, and the electric push rod 623 is connected between the second ends of the two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621. The two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621, the spring 622, and the electric push rod 623 form a circle structure. When the electric push rod 623 extends or retracts, the two arcuate elastic sealing bodies 621 are deformed. The electric push rod 623 is connected to a controller. The controller can control the extension or retraction of the electric push rod 623.

[0044] The seal adjustment structure 62 provides a dynamic sealing solution at the junction of the first atomizing hood 26 and the diversion channel 25, effectively reducing pre-atomization leakage of liquid CO2 while maintaining appropriate pressure within the atomizing hood. The automatic deformation of the two curved elastic seals 621, combined with the active adjustment of the electric actuator 623, allows the tightness of the seal ring to be adjusted in real time based on operating conditions, such as changes in pressure and flow. When operating conditions change and higher pressure is required, the electric actuator 623 retracts, tightening the seal ring to prevent premature leakage or vaporization of the liquid CO2. When conditions permit, the electric actuator 623 extends, loosening the seal ring, facilitating smooth passage of liquid CO2 while reducing unnecessary sealing force and saving energy. This intelligent sealing structure improves the overall efficiency and reliability of the system, reduces maintenance requirements, and adapts to various operating conditions, ensuring that the atomization process of liquid CO2 is not affected, thereby effectively capturing and treating amine fugitives.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the amine escape treatment device further includes a demister 61 disposed below the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. The demister 61 is located above the first liquid inlet 13. The demister can filter mist particles and slurry droplets entrained in the flue gas during the spray absorption process.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the amine escape treatment device also includes a gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23 disposed between the flue gas outlet 12 and the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22. This unit is used to further purify the carbon dioxide captured by the chemical absorbent or to directly separate the carbon dioxide from the flue gas. This effectively separates the clean flue gas nitrogen (N2) from the liquid mixture, allowing for direct discharge of the nitrogen (N2). The remaining liquid mixture is returned to the absorption tower 10, removing both organic amines and water without ice formation within the absorption tower. This also reduces water loss in the carbon capture system due to amine escape. The cross-heat exchange between the low-temperature clean flue gas N2 and the lean liquid (liquid CO2) increases the plume diffusion temperature and lift.

[0047] It's understandable that water will remain liquid at a pressure of 2.4 MPa (megapascals) (about 24.5 atmospheres) and a temperature of -20°C. This is because at this pressure, water's freezing point is well below -20°C. Water's freezing point rises with increasing pressure, so at a pressure of 2.4 MPa, water can remain liquid at temperatures much lower than its normal freezing point.

[0048] Nitrogen (N2) will remain in a gaseous state at a pressure of 2.4 MPa (approximately 24.5 atmospheres) and a temperature of -20°C. Nitrogen's critical temperature is approximately -147°C (or 126K), which is much lower than -20°C. This means that even at a pressure of 2.4 MPa, nitrogen will not reach its critical point and therefore will not transform into a liquid or supercritical state.

[0049] In order to achieve heat exchange, the second liquid inlet 31 is connected to the first liquid outlet 14 through the third connecting pipe 54, and the second liquid outlet 32 ​​is connected to the first liquid inlet 13 through the fourth connecting pipe 55. The third connecting pipe 54 and the fourth connecting pipe 55 are connected to a heat exchanger 56.

[0050] A low-temperature heat exchanger is further provided between the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 and the third connecting pipeline. The low-temperature heat exchanger utilizes the clean flue gas to perform heat exchange with the lean liquid, which is beneficial to quickly reduce the lean liquid temperature and improve the capture efficiency of the absorption tower.

[0051] The present application also provides an amine escape treatment method, which uses the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device to achieve amine escape treatment. The amine escape treatment method includes the following steps: compressing the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower 30 to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; sending a portion of the liquid CO2 to the carbon dioxide washing unit 22 at the flue gas outlet 12 to allow the liquid CO2 to react with the amine escaped from the carbon dioxide washing unit 22.

[0052] Since the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device can solve the problem in the related technology that some amines escape from the absorption tower together with the clean flue gas after CO2 removal and are discharged into the atmosphere, causing pollution to the environment, the amine escape treatment method that uses the above-mentioned amine escape treatment device to achieve the treatment of amine escape can also solve the same technical problem.

[0053] Absorption tower 10, the core component of the amine fugitive treatment system, receives flue gas containing CO2 and amines through flue gas inlet 11. The flue gas comes into full contact with the absorption liquid at the packing layer 21. The absorption liquid (typically an alkaline amine solution) efficiently absorbs the CO2 in the flue gas. The flue gas, after the absorption process, is discharged through flue gas outlet 12, significantly reducing the amount of amines it contains. The first liquid inlet 13 and first liquid outlet 14 allow for the recycling of the absorption liquid, improving the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of amine fugitive treatment.

[0054] The addition of the carbon dioxide compressor 42 compresses the CO2 gas discharged from the regeneration tower 30 to a higher pressure, facilitating the efficient operation of the subsequent refrigeration compressor 41. This not only improves the efficiency of CO2 liquefaction but also reduces the loss of liquid CO2 during vaporization during transportation, ensuring the quantity and purity of the liquid CO2 used to scrub the escaped amine in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22.

[0055] The control valve 53 can accurately regulate the flow of liquid CO2 from the liquid storage tank 43 to the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, ensuring that the supply of liquid CO2 during the scrubbing process matches the amount of escaping amine, thereby avoiding waste caused by excessive supply, ensuring the optimization of the scrubbing effect, and improving the capture efficiency of amine.

[0056] The gas chromatograph can monitor the content of escaped amines in the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22 in real time. This data is transmitted to the controller, which adjusts the opening of the control valve 53 according to the real-time amine content, thereby regulating the flow rate of liquid CO2, ensuring the efficiency and targetedness of the scrubbing process, while also avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and chemical waste.

[0057] The diverter plates 24 and the diverter channels 25 formed therebetween ensure that the liquid CO₂ from the liquid storage tank 43 is evenly distributed across the entire cross-section of the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, minimizing the reduction in scrubbing efficiency that would otherwise be caused by uneven distribution of the liquid CO₂ within the scrubbing unit. This even distribution reduces the possibility of amine escape and improves scrubbing effectiveness.

[0058] The curved diverter plate 24 increases the flow path of the liquid CO2 on the plate, helping to form a thinner liquid film, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​contact between the liquid CO2 and the gas. This further increases the reaction rate between the liquid CO2 and the escaped amine, enhancing the effectiveness of the chemical scrubbing and ensuring efficient capture of the amine.

[0059] The combination of the first and second atomizing hoods 26 and 27 atomizes liquid CO2 into extremely fine droplets, increasing the contact area between the liquid CO2 and the escaped amine and improving the rate of the chemical reaction. The rotatable nature of the second atomizing hood 27 allows for dynamic adjustment of the atomization angle and droplet distribution, ensuring that the scrubbing process remains efficient regardless of changing operating conditions and reducing the escape rate of amine.

[0060] The seal adjustment structure 62 automatically adjusts the seal strength according to changing operating conditions, preventing the liquid CO2 from leaking or vaporizing prematurely before atomization. This ensures the stability and efficiency of the atomization process, reduces energy loss during the process, and avoids pressure loss caused by excessive sealing, ensuring smooth operation of the entire system.

[0061] The demister 61 effectively removes liquid droplets carried in the flue gas, reducing the loss of liquid CO2 and preventing unwashed amine or water from being carried over to subsequent treatment units and impacting the system. The gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23 further improves the purity of the CO2 and reduces interference from other flue gas components in the scrubbing process. The heat exchanger 56 utilizes heat exchange between the absorption tower 10 and the regeneration tower 30 to optimize energy utilization, reduce energy consumption, and improve the overall economic efficiency of the system. This design ensures efficient and economical amine escape treatment while also reducing the environmental burden.

[0062] The demister 61 is a device used to remove liquid droplets and slurry from gas. Flue gas enters the demister 61 from above the first liquid inlet 13 of the absorption tower 10 and enters the interior of the demister through the gas inlet. As the gas passes through the demister element, the liquid droplets are separated and fall into the liquid collection tank below. The separated gas is discharged from the gas outlet of the demister 61 and directly enters a subsequent processing unit or is discharged into the environment after passing through the gas-liquid membrane separation unit 23. The liquid collected in the liquid collection tank is returned to the absorption tower 10 or the liquid storage tank 43 through a reflux line, achieving liquid recycling. The cleaning and maintenance structure may be operated by internal mechanical mechanisms or external control signals and is connected to a control system (such as a controller) to ensure that the demister 61 can regularly self-clean and maintain efficient operation. The pressure and temperature control components are connected to the control system via signal lines, monitoring and adjusting the operating conditions within the demister 61 in real time to ensure the stability and safety of the demisting process.

[0063] The present application provides a method for treating amine fugitives, utilizing efficient chemical reactions and precise flow control to ensure that high-purity liquid CO₂ from the regeneration tower 30 fully reacts with amine escaping from the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit 22, reducing amine emissions and protecting the environment. Furthermore, through components such as the control valve 53 and heat exchanger 56, optimal energy and chemical utilization are achieved, reducing operating costs and improving the economic and sustainability of the amine fugitive treatment device. This method combines the advantages of chemical absorption and physical separation to ensure efficient and stable treatment of amine fugitives.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0065] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above," "on the upper surface of," "on top of," etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would then be positioned as "below" or "below" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0066] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amine escape treatment device, characterized in that: include: An absorption tower (10), wherein the absorption tower (10) is provided with a smoke inlet (11), a smoke outlet (12), a first liquid inlet (13) and a first liquid outlet (14), and a packing layer (21) is provided inside the absorption tower (10); A carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is arranged in the absorption tower (10), wherein the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is located above the packing layer (21) and at the flue gas outlet (12); A regeneration tower (30), wherein the regeneration tower (30) is provided with a second liquid inlet (31), a second liquid outlet (32) and a carbon dioxide outlet (33), the second liquid inlet (31) is connected to the first liquid inlet (13), the second liquid outlet (32) is connected to the first liquid outlet (14), and the outlet of the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is connected to the regeneration tower (30); A refrigeration compressor (41), wherein an inlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) is connected to the carbon dioxide outlet (33); A liquid storage tank (43), the liquid storage tank (43) being connected to the outlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) via a first connecting pipeline (51), and the first connecting pipeline (51) being connected to the carbon dioxide washing unit (22) via a second connecting pipeline (52).

2. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amine escape treatment device further comprises a carbon dioxide compressor (42) connected between the inlet of the refrigeration compressor (41) and the carbon dioxide outlet (33).

3. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipeline (52) is provided with a control valve (53).

4. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide washing unit (22) is provided with a gas chromatograph, and the amine escape treatment device further comprises a controller, and the gas chromatograph and the control valve (53) are both connected to the controller.

5. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of flow divider plates (24) are provided at the connection between the second connecting pipeline (52) and the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); the plurality of flow divider plates (24) are stacked, and a flow divider channel (25) is formed between two adjacent flow divider plates (24).

6. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the flow dividing plates (24) is bent in a horizontal direction.

7. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first atomizing hood (26) is provided at one end of the flow diversion channel (25) facing the carbon dioxide washing unit (22), and a second atomizing hood (27) is provided at one side of the first atomizing hood (26) facing the carbon dioxide washing unit (22). The second atomizing hood (27) is rotatably arranged and communicates with the flow diversion channel (25) through the first atomizing hood (26).

8. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing adjustment structure (62) is provided at the connection between the first atomizing hood (26) and the diverting channel (25), the sealing adjustment structure (62) comprising two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), a spring (622) and an electric push rod (623), the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621) being symmetrically arranged on the first atomizing hood (26) along the circumferential direction of the first atomizing hood (26), the spring (622) being connected between the first ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the electric push rod (623) being connected between the second ends of the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621), the spring (622) and the electric push rod (623) forming a circle structure, and when the electric push rod (623) is extended or retracted, the two arc-shaped elastic sealing bodies (621) are driven to deform.

9. The amine escape treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amine escape treatment device further comprises a demister (61) arranged below the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22), wherein the demister (61) is located above the first liquid inlet (13); The amine escape treatment device further comprises a gas-liquid membrane separation unit (23) arranged between the flue gas outlet (12) and the carbon dioxide washing unit (22); The second liquid inlet (31) is connected to the first liquid outlet (14) via a third connecting pipeline (54), the second liquid outlet (32) is connected to the first liquid inlet (13) via a fourth connecting pipeline (55), and a heat exchanger (56) is connected to the third connecting pipeline (54) and the fourth connecting pipeline (55).

10. A method for treating amine escape, characterized in that: Amine escape treatment is achieved by using the amine escape treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the amine escape treatment method comprises the following steps: Compressing the carbon dioxide discharged from the regeneration tower (30) to obtain liquid CO2 with a carbon dioxide content in the range of 99% to 100%; A portion of the liquid CO2 is fed into a carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22) at the flue gas outlet (12) so that the liquid CO2 reacts with the amine escaping from the carbon dioxide scrubbing unit (22).

Images