Large-particle-size graphite batch shaping equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to batch shaping equipment for large-particle-size graphite, which comprises a shell, a shaping device, a feeding device and a discharging device, the grading impeller is rotatably arranged at the top in the shaping cavity; the rotatable shaping structure is rotatably arranged at the bottom in the shaping cavity and comprises at least one layer of graphite shaping disc, a plurality of hammer heads are uniformly arranged on the top surface of the graphite shaping disc close to the periphery in the circumferential direction at intervals, and each hammer head comprises a hook head structure formed by bending in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the shaping structure; the surface, facing the rotating direction of the shaping structure, in the hook head structure is an arc-shaped surface; an annular gear ring is arranged at the position, right opposite to the shaping structure, of the inner wall of the shaping cavity, at least part of the hook head structure extends out of the peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disc, and a gap is reserved between the hook head structure and the annular gear ring. Aiming at the characteristics of the large-particle-size graphite, the problems of complex flow and low production efficiency in the shaping process of the large-particle-size graphite in the prior art are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of natural graphite deep processing, in particular to a coarse-grained graphite batch shaping device. Background Art

[0002] The raw material for the spheroidization of natural graphite is flake graphite. Due to its lamellar structure, it requires the joint processing of multiple crushing and shaping equipment to spheroidize it, resulting in the crushing and shaping and grading processes during the spheroidization process involving a large number of machines, resulting in high energy consumption, high cost and low yield. In particular, in the shaping process, flake graphite has been crushed through multiple passes to become coarse-grained graphite with a certain tap density. If it is graded multiple times, not only will the yield be low, but it is also easy to over-crush during the shaping process. Therefore, this equipment adopts a batch shaping method of one device to reduce the number of machines, reduce energy consumption and improve yield.

[0003] At present, the particle size of spherical graphite products shows a multi-level development trend. There are certain differences in the ball-forming mechanisms of coarse-grained and fine-grained natural graphite. This is because there is a difference in the crushing energy of fine-grained natural graphite and coarse-grained natural graphite. Coarse-grained natural graphite is more easily crushed to produce fine powder under high-speed impact. The production of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area and reduce the yield. At the same time, it will affect the quality of the finished product of coarse-grained natural graphite. Therefore, it is not possible to simply adjust the parameters on the original equipment. It is necessary to develop a high-efficiency batch shaping equipment dedicated to coarse-grained natural graphite to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] The "background technology" section is only used to help understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the content recorded in the "background technology" section may contain some common knowledge that is not known to those skilled in the art. The content recorded in the "background technology" section does not mean that the content or the problems to be solved by one or more embodiments of the present invention have been known or recognized by those skilled in the art before the application of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment, which can effectively solve the problems of complex process and low production efficiency in the existing coarse-grained graphite shaping process.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by a coarse-grained graphite batch shaping device, comprising:

[0007] A housing having a shaped cavity;

[0008] A grading impeller is rotatably disposed at the top of the shaping cavity;

[0009] A shaping structure is rotatably arranged at the bottom of a shaping cavity, and includes at least one layer of graphite shaping disk, a plurality of hammers are evenly spaced circumferentially arranged on the top surface of the graphite shaping disk near the periphery, the hammers include a hook structure formed by bending in the opposite direction of rotation of the shaping structure, the surface of the hook structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc-shaped surface; an annular gear ring is arranged at a position of the inner wall of the shaping cavity facing the shaping structure, at least part of the hook structure extends out of the peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and a gap is left between the hook structure and the annular gear ring.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hook structure includes an inclined straight line segment, a first arc segment and a second arc segment connected in sequence from its inner end to its outer end, the length direction of the inclined straight line segment is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity to the outside toward the rotation direction of the shaping structure relative to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity, and the inclination angle is 15-30°, and the length of the inclined straight line segment is 10-20mm; the inclined straight line segment and the first arc segment are smoothly transitioned and connected, the arc radius of the first arc segment is 20-30mm, the arc radius of the second arc segment is 5-10mm, and the width of the second arc segment along the radial direction gradually decreases toward the outer end of the hook structure.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the hook structure and the annular gear ring is 3-5 mm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hammer head also includes an extension rod, the hook head structure is located outside the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk, one end of the extension rod extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and is connected to the inner end of the hook head structure, and the length direction of the extension rod extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a shaping drive device is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the shaping drive device can be connected to the shaping structure and used to drive the shaping structure to rotate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grading impeller includes a top frame and a bottom plate arranged in an upper and lower interval, a diverter fence connected between the top frame and the bottom plate, and a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the bottom plate to drive the bottom plate to rotate.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diverter fence includes a plurality of diverter rods evenly spaced circumferentially, and two ends of the diverter rods are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame and the bottom plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an impeller driving device is further provided on the top of the shell, and the impeller driving device can be connected to the rotating shaft and used to drive the classifying impeller to rotate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell is a cylindrical barrel, and the height of the shell is 1000-1100 mm.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feed pipe and a finished product discharge pipe can be connected on and off on the side of the shell, an air outlet is provided at a position directly opposite the grading impeller on the top of the shell, and a tail powder discharge pipe can be connected on and off; a discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe, and the discharge valve can automatically open after a preset time of material shaping to complete the discharge; an induced draft fan is also connected to the tail powder discharge pipe, and an air supply port that can be connected to the shaping cavity is also provided at the bottom of the shell.

[0019] As described above, the coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment of the present invention can perform batch shaping of coarse-grained spherical graphite with only one device, which simplifies the process and reduces costs. Compared with the existing equipment that does not have a special targeted equipment distinction for the shaping of fine-grained and coarse-grained graphite, this equipment is specifically for the shaping of coarse-grained graphite, and the hammer head on the graphite shaping disk is designed as a hook head structure. The hook head structure is in the shape of a hook, and the surface is rounded to have no edges and corners. The hook head structure is bent in the opposite direction of the rotation of the shaping structure to ensure that the graphite particles can be guided to the direction of the annular gear ring after being impacted, thereby increasing the collision probability between the particles and the annular gear ring. The surface of the hook head structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface should be moderate, which can effectively guide the movement of the particles and reduce the excessive crushing of the particles. The arc surface of the hook structure is used to hit the coarse-grained graphite, making it difficult to break the coarse-grained graphite, and helping to further hammer the coarse-grained graphite to be more compact, while increasing the tap density. The entire hook structure can also play a role in disturbing the flow, allowing the coarse-grained spherical graphite to continue to move along the graphite shaping spiral. At the same time, the shape of the hammer head cooperates with the shaping cavity design to help the coarse-grained natural graphite to be fully dispersed in the shaping cavity, so that the micro powder with low surface energy adhering to the coarse-grained natural graphite can be fully sorted out during the classification process, thereby improving the D 00 and D 01 The index value can be improved to reduce the "fishhook effect". Through the coordinated design of the shaping cavity and the hammer head, a better shaping effect can be achieved, and the balling rate of coarse-grained graphite can be effectively improved, thereby improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the graphite shaping disk provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3A top view of the structure of the graphite shaping disk provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 The scanning electron microscope image of the raw material used in the experiment provided by the present invention is: Figure 4 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0025] Figure 5 The second scanning electron microscope image of the raw material used in the experiment provided by the present invention is Figure 5 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0026] Figure 6 The scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter a when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head is used. Figure 6 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0027] Figure 7 The second scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter a when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head, Figure 7 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0028] Figure 8 The scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter b when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head, Figure 8 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0029] Fig. 9 The second scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter b when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head, Fig. 9 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0030] Fig.10 The scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter c when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head, Fig.10 The scale bar is 50 μm.

[0031] Fig.11 The second scanning electron microscope image of the product obtained after the raw material is tested according to the test parameter c when the hammer head of the equipment of the present invention is a hook hammer head, Fig.11 The scale bar is 10 μm.

[0032] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0033] 1. Shell; 11. Shaping cavity; 12. Ring gear; 13. Base frame; 14. Feed pipe; 141. Hopper; 15. Finished product discharge pipe; 16. Tail powder discharge pipe; 17. Air supply port;

[0034] 2. Classifying impeller; 21. Top frame; 22. Chassis; 23. Diverter fence; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Impeller driving device; 251. Impeller driving motor; 252. Transmission structure;

[0035] 3. Shaping structure; 31. Graphite shaping disc; 32. Hammer; 321. Hook structure; 3211. Inclined straight line segment; 3212. First arc segment; 3213. Second arc segment; 322. Extension rod; 33. Driven pulley; 34. Transmission shaft; 35. Support cylinder; 36. Diverter ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a coarse-grained graphite batch shaping device, comprising:

[0038] The housing 1 has a shaped cavity 11;

[0039] The classifying impeller 2 is rotatably disposed at the top of the shaping cavity 11;

[0040] The shaping structure 3 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the shaping cavity 11, and includes at least one layer of graphite shaping disk 31. A plurality of hammer heads 32 are evenly spaced circumferentially on the top surface of the graphite shaping disk 31 near the periphery. The hammer heads 32 include a hook structure 321 bent in the opposite direction of rotation of the shaping structure 3. The surface of the hook structure 321 facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 is an arc surface. An annular gear ring 12 is arranged at a position of the inner wall of the shaping cavity 11 facing the shaping structure 3, and at least a portion of the hook structure 321 extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk 31 and leaves a gap with the annular gear ring 12.

[0041] Natural spherical graphite is a potato-like spherical graphite product obtained by continuously crushing and shaping natural flake graphite (lamellar structure) as raw material. Spherical graphite products can be divided into fine-grained graphite products and coarse-grained graphite products according to particle size. In the prior art, a large number of devices are required to crush and shape the flake graphite raw materials. The front multiple devices mainly crush the raw materials. The small flakes of fine-grained graphite produced in the crushing process are classified into second-mouth materials. The coarse-grained graphite with low tap density that has not been classified is then connected in series by the back multiple devices to jointly shape and reclassify the coarse-grained graphite, so that the coarse-grained graphite reaches a certain sphericity and tap density, and a coarse-grained spherical graphite product is obtained, which requires more equipment. In this embodiment, a coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment is used to replace the multiple devices that shape the coarse-grained graphite in the traditional production line, which effectively simplifies the shaping process.

[0042] The entire batch shaping equipment is mainly used to shape coarse-grained graphite. The raw material is coarse-grained graphite with irregular morphology. During production, the raw material is added to the shaping chamber 11 for internal circulation, and the material is discharged according to the preset time to obtain coarse-grained spherical graphite products. In the shaping chamber 11, it is divided into a shaping zone, a transition zone and a grading zone from bottom to top. The shaping zone is arranged opposite to the shaping structure 3, and the grading zone is arranged opposite to the grading impeller 2; after the raw material is shaped by kneading, compacting, curling, etc. in the shaping zone, it flows upward under the action of negative pressure suction and is sucked to the annular area between the grading impeller 2 and the inner wall of the shaping chamber 11 in the grading zone. The graphite material with very fine particle size (generally referred to as tail powder) enters the grading impeller 2 and is sucked away and discharged. The graphite material with larger particle size is not sucked away and falls on the shaping structure 3 for secondary shaping, and circulates continuously in the shaping chamber 11.

[0043] Therefore, the batch shaping equipment for coarse-grained graphite in this embodiment only needs one device to perform batch shaping on coarse-grained graphite with irregular morphology, which simplifies the process and reduces costs. Compared with the existing equipment that does not have a special targeted equipment distinction for the shaping of fine-grained and coarse-grained graphite, this equipment is specifically designed for the characteristics of coarse-grained graphite, and the hammer head 32 on the graphite shaping disk 31 is designed as a hook structure 321. The hook structure 321 is in a hook shape, and the surface is rounded to have no edges and corners. The hook structure 321 is bent in the opposite direction of the rotation of the shaping structure 3 to ensure that the graphite particles can be guided to the direction of the annular gear ring 12 after being impacted, thereby increasing the collision probability between the particles and the annular gear ring 12. The surface of the hook structure 321 facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 is an arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface should be moderate, which can effectively guide the movement of the particles and reduce the excessive crushing of the particles. The arc surface of the hook structure 321 is used to hit the coarse-grained graphite, so that the coarse-grained graphite is not easy to be broken, and it is helpful to further hammer the coarse-grained graphite to be more compact, and at the same time improve the tap density. The entire hook structure 321 can also play a role in disturbing the flow, so that the coarse-grained spherical graphite continues to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. At the same time, the shape of the hammer head cooperates with the design of the shaping cavity 11, which helps to fully disperse the coarse-grained natural graphite in the shaping cavity 11, so that the micro powder with low surface energy adhering to the coarse-grained natural graphite can be fully sorted out during the classification process, thereby improving the D 00 and D 01 The index value can be reduced to reduce the "fishhook effect". Through the coordinated design of the shaping cavity 11 and the hammer head, a better shaping effect can be achieved, and the balling rate of coarse-grained graphite can be effectively improved, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0044] It should be noted that the particle size volume distribution of the fine-grained spherical graphite product (i.e., fine-grained graphite finished product) mentioned in this embodiment satisfies the median particle size D 50The particle size volume distribution of coarse-grained spherical graphite products meets the median particle size D 50 >23 μm. The specific classification of the particle size of fine-grained spherical graphite products and coarse-grained spherical graphite products shall be based on the range known in the industry. It can be understood that the spherical graphite products mentioned in this article are not completely standard spherical, but may also refer to ellipsoidal or quasi-spherical shapes. The graphite in this case mainly refers to natural graphite.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The hook structure 321 includes an inclined straight line segment 3211, a first arc segment 3212 and a second arc segment 3213 which are sequentially connected from the inner end to the outer end thereof. The length direction of the inclined straight line segment 3211 is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity 11 to the outside toward the rotation direction of the shaping structure 3 relative to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11 (for example, in this embodiment, the shaping structure 3 rotates clockwise, and the entire hook structure 321 is bent in the counterclockwise direction. The length direction of each inclined straight line segment 3211 is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity 11 to the outside toward the clockwise direction relative to the corresponding radial direction and is inclined at a preset angle). The arc radius of the first arc segment 3212 is greater than the arc radius of the second arc segment 3213, and the width of the second arc segment 3213 along the radial direction gradually decreases toward the outer end of the hook structure 321.

[0046] Preferably, the inclination angle of the length direction of the inclined straight line segment 3211 relative to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11 is 15-30°, which can guide the graphite particles to move in the direction of the annular gear ring 12 and prevent the particles from leaving the shaping area too early. The length of the inclined straight line segment 3211 is 10-20 mm to ensure that the particles have enough kinetic energy to move in the direction of the annular gear ring 12 after being impacted. The arc radius of the first arc segment 3212 is 20-30 mm, and a larger arc radius can reduce the crushing of the particles and guide the particles to move in the direction of the annular gear ring 12. The connection between the inclined straight line segment 3211 and the first arc segment 3212 should be smoothly transitioned to prevent the particles from being severely impacted during movement. The arc radius of the second arc segment 3213 is 5-10 mm, and a smaller arc radius can increase the shaping effect of the particles and promote the curling and folding of the particles. The radial width of the second arc segment 3213 gradually decreases toward the outer end of the hook structure to form a "pointed tail" structure, and the width gradually decreases from 10 mm to 2-3 mm; this design can reduce the resistance of the particles during movement and improve the shaping efficiency of the particles. The tooth shape of the annular gear ring 12 should match the design of the hook structure 321 to ensure that the particles can be effectively shaped after collision. The gap between the hook structure 321 and the annular gear ring 12 is 3-5 mm, which can ensure sufficient collision of the particles and avoid excessive crushing of the particles.

[0047] The hook structure 321 has the following four advantages when it is within this size range:

[0048] Particle guidance: After the graphite particles enter the shaping area, they are impacted by the hook structure 321 , and the inclined straight line segment 3211 and the first arc segment 3212 guide the particles toward the annular gear ring 12 .

[0049] Collision shaping: The particles collide repeatedly between the annular gear ring 12 and the hook structure 321 , and the pointed tail design at the end of the second arc segment 3213 can promote the curling and folding of the particles to form a spherical or quasi-spherical structure.

[0050] Extended residence time: The curved surface design and the tilt angle of the hook structure 321 extend the residence time of the particles in the shaping area, increasing the collision and shaping opportunities between the particles.

[0051] Reduce crushing: The combination of the larger arc radius of the first arc segment 3212 and the smaller arc radius of the second arc segment 3213 reduces excessive crushing of particles and improves the shaping yield.

[0052] Further preferably, the hook structure 321 is located outside the peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk 31, that is, the hook structure 321 is completely located in the interval space between the graphite shaping disk 31 and the annular gear ring 12, which has a better effect. The hammer head 32 also includes an extension rod 322, one end of which extends out of the peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk 31 and is connected to the inner end of the hook structure 321, and the length direction of the extension rod 322 extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity 11. The setting of the extension rod 322 can make the structure of the entire hammer head 32 more stable, more impact-resistant, and more durable.

[0053] When there are multiple graphite shaping discs 31, the multiple graphite shaping discs 31 are stacked and arranged in an upper and lower interval and are all connected and fixed to the transmission shaft 34 described below. The graphite shaping disc 31 is a circular disc body, and multiple hammer heads 32 are arranged near the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disc 31. The annular gear ring 12 is arranged opposite to the graphite shaping disc 31. The gap between the two is determined according to the particle size of the actual coarse-grained graphite product. In order to be suitable for shaping coarse-grained graphite, the gap between the two is designed to be 3-5 mm. The gap area is the main shaping area, and the graphite is rubbed and deburred in this area; the shaping cavity 11 has the following air supply port 17 at the bottom side. In order to maintain the negative pressure state in the shaping cavity shell 1, the air supply port 17 is set to ensure that there is a corresponding air intake mechanism to replenish the evacuated gas, so as to maintain the pressure balance in the shaping cavity 11.

[0054] Each hammer head 32 is provided with a screw hole, which can be specifically opened on the extension rod 322. The hammer head 32 and the graphite shaping disk 31 can be connected by screw threads, and the hammer head 32 rotates with the graphite shaping disk 31. Since the raw material itself is coarse-grained and is easier to be crushed than fine-grained, the hammer head 32 is designed as a hook structure 321. The arc surface of the hook structure 321 helps to further hammer the coarse-grained natural graphite to be more compact, and at the same time improve the tap density, which has a good shaping effect.

[0055] Further, see Figure 1 The grading impeller 2 includes a top frame 21 and a bottom plate 22 which are arranged in an upper and lower interval, a diverter fence 23 connected between the top frame 21 and the bottom plate 22, and a rotating shaft 24. The lower end of the rotating shaft 24 is connected to the bottom plate 22 to drive the bottom plate 22 to rotate.

[0056] The diverter fence 23 includes a plurality of diverter rods evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and two ends of the diverter rods are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame 21 and the bottom plate 22 .

[0057] The bottom plate 22 is a disc structure, and the top frame 21 can be a hollow circular frame or a ring structure; the diverter rod can be a wear-resistant steel rod, and the specific number can be determined according to needs. The diverter rod can be a cylindrical rod or a thinner rectangular rod.

[0058] Further, see Figure 1 A shaping drive device is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and the shaping drive device can be connected to the shaping structure 3 and used to drive the shaping structure 3 to rotate. An impeller drive device 25 is also provided at the top of the housing 1, and the impeller drive device 25 can be connected to the rotating shaft 24 and used to drive the classification impeller 2 to rotate.

[0059] The impeller drive device 25 includes an impeller drive motor 251, which is arranged at the top of the housing 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 24 passes through the air outlet and the tail powder discharge pipe 16 described below in sequence and is connected to the drive motor. The impeller drive motor 251 can be directly connected to the rotating shaft 24 or connected to the rotating shaft 24 through a corresponding transmission structure 252 as needed.

[0060] The shaping drive device includes a transmission assembly and a shaping drive motor. The transmission assembly includes an axially vertically arranged driving pulley and a driven pulley 33, an annular belt connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley 33, and an axially vertical transmission shaft 34. The annular belt is tensioned in the horizontal direction. The lower end of the transmission shaft 34 is connected to the driven pulley 33. The upper end of the transmission shaft 34 passes through the bottom of the housing 1 and is connected to the bottom graphite shaping disk 31. Specifically, a keyway is provided on the upper end side wall of the transmission shaft 34, and the graphite shaping disk 31 is connected to the transmission shaft 34 through a key. The shaping drive motor is connected to the driving pulley to drive the driving pulley to rotate, and then the power is transmitted to the driven pulley 33 through the annular belt. The rotation of the driven pulley 33 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate, and the torque is transmitted from the transmission shaft 34 to the graphite shaping disk 31 through the key to drive the graphite shaping disk 31 to rotate.

[0061] A base frame 13 is also connected to the bottom of the housing 1 for supporting the ground, and the shaping drive motor is arranged on the base frame 13. A support cylinder 35 is also arranged at the bottom center of the housing 1, and the bottom of the support cylinder 35 extends out of the housing 1. A bearing is arranged in the support cylinder 35. The upper end of the transmission shaft 34 passes through the bearing and then extends into the housing 1. The transmission shaft 34 provides support and bears the weight and force of the driven pulley 33. The bearing significantly reduces the friction between the transmission shaft 34 and other components while bearing loads from all directions and fixing the position of the transmission shaft 34. A diverter ring 36 can also be arranged in the bottom of the housing 1 and below the shaping structure 3. The diverter ring 36 is fixed to the transmission shaft 34 through a threaded connection.

[0062] Of course, the impeller driving device 25 and the shaping driving device may also adopt other structural modes, as long as it is convenient to drive the classification impeller 2 to rotate and drive the shaping structure 3 to rotate. This embodiment is only for illustration.

[0063] A grading impeller 2 is provided in the shaping chamber 11, and the grading impeller 2 is located above the graphite shaping disk 31 and close to the top of the shaping chamber 11, so that the tail powder that can no longer be balled is discharged; the grading impeller 2 is connected to the impeller drive motor 251 through the rotating shaft 24, and the tail powder discharge pipe 16 is provided between the grading impeller 2 and the impeller drive motor 251, and a tail powder dust collector is also connected to the middle of the tail powder discharge pipe 16.

[0064] Furthermore, the shell 1 is a cylindrical barrel, and the area between the grading impeller 2 and the shaping structure 3 in the shaping cavity 11 (i.e., the transition zone) is a hollow cavity, and no other components are provided. It will not affect the circulation effect of the airflow in the shaping cavity 11. Compared with other components provided in the transition zone, the feed amount is greater and the production capacity is higher.

[0065] In this embodiment, the height of the shell 1 is 1000-1100 mm, preferably 1000 mm. The height of the shell 1 is increased, which is more conducive to the full dispersion of the coarse-grained graphite in the shaping cavity 11.

[0066] Furthermore, a feed pipe 14 and a finished product discharge pipe 15 can be connected and disconnected on the side of the shell 1 to ensure the normal in and out of the material. An air outlet is provided at the top of the shell 1 facing the grading impeller 2, and a tail powder discharge pipe 16 can be connected and disconnected.

[0067] The feed pipe 14 and the finished product discharge pipe 15 are located on both sides of the shell 1. The feed pipe 14 corresponds to the position of the transition zone and is arranged close to the shaping zone. The feed pipe 14 is used to add spherical coarse-grained graphite with low tap density. The finished product discharge pipe 15 is used to output coarse-grained graphite spherical products. A discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe 15 and is electrically connected to a control device. The discharge valve can be controlled to automatically open and close according to the system preset or actually required coarse-grained spherical graphite product shaping time.

[0068] The air outlet is opened at the top center position of the shell 1, facing the top frame 21 of the classifying impeller 2. The first end of the tail powder discharge pipe 16 is arranged on the top of the shell 1 and is connected with the air outlet. After the tail powder sucked into the classifying impeller 2 enters the inner cavity surrounded by the diversion fence 23, it goes upward from the top frame 21 through the air outlet and enters the tail powder discharge pipe 16.

[0069] The tail powder discharging pipe 16 is also connected to an induced draft fan, and an air supply port 17 which can communicate with the shaping cavity 11 is also provided at the bottom of the shell 1 .

[0070] The induced draft fan is connected to the second end of the tail powder discharge pipe 16. Under the action of the induced draft fan, negative pressure suction can be generated at the air outlet, and the material shaped by the shaping structure 3 flows upward under the action of the negative pressure suction. The air supply port 17 is located below the shaping structure 3, generally arranged on the bottom side wall of the shell 1, and a total of two air supply ports 17 can be set. The air supply port 17 has a square cross-section, and a plug plate is provided in the air supply port 17, so that the opening and closing size can be manually adjusted. The air supply port 17 can increase the residence time of the coarse-grained natural graphite in the annular area, thereby reducing the misclassification of the coarse-grained spherical graphite product.

[0071] Generally, a hopper 141 is connected to the end of the feed pipe 14 away from the shell 1, and the hopper 141 is connected to the first end of the screw conveyor, and the second end of the screw conveyor is connected to a silo. The axis of the feed pipe 14 is generally arranged to be inclined downward from the hopper 141 to the shell 1, and a feed valve is installed on the feed pipe 14 to control the on and off here. The screw conveyor is arranged above the hopper 141, and the silo can be a metering silo. When the batch shaping equipment is in the shaping state, the feed valve is in a closed state. When the batch shaping equipment completes the shaping and discharges the finished product, the feed valve is in an open state, and the coarse-grained graphite with irregular weight and morphology according to the metering silo enters the shaping cavity 11 from the feed pipe 14 for internal circulation.

[0072] Further, the classification mechanism of coarse-grained graphite is analyzed as follows:

[0073] The shape of the hammer 32 has a significant impact on shaping and crushing. During the crushing process, since the coarse-grained graphite continues to circulate internally in the equipment, and considering that the crushing energy required for coarse-grained graphite is smaller than that for fine-grained graphite, the coarse-grained graphite is more easily crushed again to produce fine powder during the shaping process. The production of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area and lead to a decrease in the output of coarse-grained natural graphite. Therefore, in order to avoid this situation, the existing square hammer head is changed to a hook-shaped hammer head, and the edges and corners on the surface of the hammer head 32 are rounded. During the clockwise rotation of the graphite shaping disk 31, the hook-shaped hammer head 32 hits the coarse-grained graphite with its round surface, making it difficult to break the coarse-grained graphite. The hook body adopts an arc design to reduce the resistance of the hammer head 32 during movement. At the same time, the hooked part acts as a turbulent flow, so that the coarse-grained spherical graphite continues to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0074] In order to verify the actual effect of the hook-shaped hammer head, an experimental comparison was conducted on the existing square hammer head and the hook-shaped hammer head of this embodiment:

[0075] Select particle size distribution D 50 The raw material is 17 μm and has a tap density of about 0.74. The SEM image of the raw material is as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the hammer head 32 in the equipment of this embodiment is replaced with an existing square hammer head, and five tests are carried out according to different test parameters. The results of particle size, tap density and specific surface area are shown in Table 1 below.

[0076] Table 1 Test parameters and results when installing a traditional square hammer

[0077]

[0078] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the raw material has undergone a short period of internal circulation in the equipment equipped with the existing square hammer head. Although the tap density is significantly improved, the tap density is increased by at least 0.15 g / cm 3 However, it can be seen that the particle size distribution is significantly reduced and the ball formation rate is not high. This may be because the edges and corners of the square hammer head will cause the material to be subjected to greater crushing energy during the vortex of the airflow, resulting in the material being broken into pieces and producing a large amount of fine powder, resulting in an overall small particle size distribution, a larger specific surface area, and a low ball formation rate.

[0079] The above raw materials were put into the equipment of this embodiment equipped with a hook-type hammer according to different test parameters to carry out the test. The particle size, tap density, specific surface area and morphology evolution results are shown in Table 2 and Figures 6 to 11 shown.

[0080] Table 2 Test parameters and results when installing hook hammer

[0081]

[0082] The host frequency in Table 1 and Table 2 refers to the frequency of rotation of the shaping structure 3, the classification frequency refers to the frequency of rotation of the classification impeller 2, and the fan frequency refers to the frequency of the index fan. The ball forming rate is also the yield, which is equal to the discharge amount / feed amount.

[0083] According to the comparison of the results in Table 1 and Table 2, the equipment equipped with the hook-type hammer head in this embodiment shows a certain crushing and good shaping effect, and can significantly improve the tap density as the existing square hammer head, while also ensuring a certain yield. Therefore, based on the above test results, the hammer head 32 in this embodiment is designed as a hook-type hammer head, which can effectively improve the balling rate of the product and improve production efficiency.

[0084] In summary, the equipment of this embodiment is a highly efficient batch shaping equipment specifically for coarse-grained natural graphite, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0085] (1) According to the formula of crushing energy required for materials during crushing:

[0086]

[0087] Where E is the crushing energy required for crushing; D 前 With D 后 They are the equivalent diameters of spheres with equal area, volume and diameter of spherical materials before and after crushing.

[0088] In the process of crushing, it can be known from the above formula that there is a difference in the crushing energy of coarse and fine particles. In the shaping process, coarse-grained graphite is more likely to be crushed again to produce fine powder. The production of fine powder will greatly increase the overall specific surface area and reduce the ball formation rate of coarse-grained natural graphite. In order to avoid this situation, the cavity structure of the collaborative shaping equipment and the shape of the hammer 32 are collaboratively optimized and designed. The "hook-type hammer" is used to hit the coarse-grained graphite with a circular surface when the graphite shaping disk 31 rotates clockwise at high speed, so that the coarse-grained graphite is not easy to be broken. At the same time, the hook also plays a role of turbulence, so that the coarse-grained graphite continues to move along the rotation direction of the graphite shaping disk 31. This improvement can quickly increase the tap density and greatly improve the yield.

[0089] (2) Increasing the height of the shaping cavity 11 helps to fully disperse the coarse-grained natural graphite in the shaping cavity 11, helps to fully sort out the tail powder with low surface energy adhering to the coarse-grained natural graphite during the classification process, and can also improve the D 00 and D 01 The indicator value.

[0090] (3) In the currently available graphite spheroidization technology, multiple shaping devices are often used in series for joint processing. This equipment uses a single device for batch shaping, which greatly reduces the number of machines and reduces the cost of the shaping process.

[0091] (4) A cylinder may also be provided at the finished product discharge port, and the PLC may be used to control the opening and closing of the air circuit of the pneumatic solenoid valve, thereby pushing the piston rod in the cylinder to control the opening and closing of the discharge valve, so that the material can be circulated within the shaping cavity 11 for a specified period of time.

[0092] (5) The coarse-grained natural graphite enters the shaping chamber 11 from the hopper 141 through the feed valve, and the coarse-grained graphite circulates in the shaping chamber 11. The tailings are sorted and removed, and are loaded into the cylindrical shaping chamber 11 and raised. An air supply port 17 is provided at the bottom to allow the material to fully circulate back and forth in the chamber. During the internal circulation time of 3 minutes in the shaping chamber 11, the morphology of the coarse-grained natural graphite tends to be spherical, and the tap density is significantly improved, with a yield of more than 70%. The spherical graphite products with low tap density processed by the traditional production line can be processed for secondary processing to obtain higher tap density.

[0093] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment, characterized in that: include: A housing having a shaped cavity; A grading impeller is rotatably disposed at the top of the shaping cavity; A shaping structure is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the shaping cavity and includes at least one layer of graphite shaping disk, a plurality of hammers are evenly spaced circumferentially disposed on the top surface of the graphite shaping disk near the outer circumference, the hammers include a hook structure bent in the opposite direction of the rotation of the shaping structure, and the surface of the hook structure facing the rotation direction of the shaping structure is an arc surface; An annular gear ring is arranged on the inner wall of the shaping cavity facing the shaping structure, and at least a portion of the hook structure extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and a gap is left between the annular gear ring and the shaping cavity.

2. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook head structure includes an inclined straight line segment, a first arc segment and a second arc segment which are sequentially connected from the inner end to the outer end thereof. The length direction of the inclined straight line segment is inclined from the inside of the shaping cavity to the outside toward the rotation direction of the shaping structure with respect to the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity, and the inclination angle is 15-30°. The length of the inclined straight line segment is 10-20mm. The inclined straight line segment is smoothly transitioned to the first arc segment, the arc radius of the first arc segment is 20-30mm, the arc radius of the second arc segment is 5-10mm, and the width of the second arc segment along the radial direction gradually decreases toward the outer end of the hook head structure.

3. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gap between the hook structure and the annular gear ring is 3-5 mm.

4. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer head also includes an extension rod, the hook structure is located outside the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk, one end of the extension rod extends out of the outer peripheral edge of the graphite shaping disk and is connected to the inner end of the hook structure, and the length direction of the extension rod extends along the corresponding radial direction of the shaping cavity.

5. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaping drive device is provided at the bottom of the shell, and the shaping drive device can be connected to the shaping structure and is used to drive the shaping structure to rotate.

6. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading impeller comprises a top frame and a bottom plate which are arranged in an upper and lower interval, a diverter fence connected between the top frame and the bottom plate, and a rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is connected to the bottom plate to drive the bottom plate to rotate.

7. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diverter fence includes a plurality of diverter rods evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and two ends of the diverter rods are respectively connected to the outer edge positions of the top frame and the bottom plate.

8. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: An impeller driving device is also provided on the top of the shell, and the impeller driving device can be connected to the rotating shaft and is used to drive the classifying impeller to rotate.

9. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is a cylindrical barrel, and the height of the shell is 1000-1100mm.

10. The coarse-grained graphite batch shaping equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed pipe and a finished product discharge pipe are connected to the side of the shell in an on-off manner, an air outlet is provided at the top of the shell facing the grading impeller, and a tail powder discharge pipe is connected to the on-off manner; a discharge valve is provided on the finished product discharge pipe, and the discharge valve can be automatically opened after a preset time of material shaping to complete the discharge; The tail powder discharging pipe is also connected with an induced draft fan, and the bottom of the shell is also provided with an air supply port which can be communicated with the shaping cavity.

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