Gravel screening device for constructional engineering
By designing buffer loading components and push-dispersing components in the sand and gravel screening device for construction projects, the problem of concentrated fall of sand and gravel materials is solved, achieving higher screening accuracy and overall effect, and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510067383.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
When used in construction projects, sand and gravel materials are likely to fall concentratedly into a certain place in the screening network, resulting in high-strength impact, accelerated wear, and affect screening accuracy and overall effect.
A sand and gravel screening device including a buffer loading assembly and a push-dispersing assembly is designed. The buffer loading assembly passes through the buffer plate and the buffer loading plate to avoid the concentrated fall of sand and gravel; the push-scattering assembly passes through the gears and chain systems driven by the forward and reverse motors to push and disperse the agglomerated sand and gravel to ensure uniform distribution.
It effectively avoids the concentrated impact of sand and gravel on the screening net, reduces wear, improves screening accuracy and overall effect, and saves maintenance costs through replaceable buffer plates.
Smart Images
Figure CN119838866A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of sand and gravel screening, and more specifically to a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering. Background Art
[0002] Sand and gravel screening refers to the process of classifying the sand and gravel mixture according to the particle size through certain equipment and methods. Its purpose is to separate the particles that are too large or too small that do not meet the engineering requirements, so as to obtain sand and gravel with a particle size that meets the specified range. In construction projects, it is very necessary to screen sand and gravel. Because construction projects have strict requirements on the particle size and gradation of sand and gravel, the quality and particle size distribution of sand and gravel directly affect the strength and durability of concrete. Unscreened sand and gravel may contain impurities, such as soil, grass roots, etc., which will also have an adverse effect on the performance of building materials.
[0003] In the prior art, when a sand and gravel screening device for construction projects is used, it is necessary to pour the sand and gravel materials onto the top screening net through a feeding mechanism, and drive the screening net to vibrate through a vibration mechanism, so as to screen the sand and gravel. However, when pouring the sand and gravel materials onto the screening net, the sand and gravel materials tend to fall to a certain position of the screening net, thereby causing a large concentrated impact on a certain position of the screening net. Frequent high-intensity impacts will accelerate its wear, causing the screening net to break or the sieve holes to become larger, and the accurate screening accuracy cannot be guaranteed, affecting the overall screening effect. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a sand and gravel screening device for construction projects, which can overcome the problem that when the sand and gravel screening device for construction projects is in use, the sand and gravel materials tend to fall to a certain position of the screening net, causing a large concentrated impact on a certain position of the screening net. Frequent high-intensity impacts will accelerate its wear, causing the screening net to break or the screen holes to become larger, affecting the screening accuracy and reducing the overall screening effect.
[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering, comprising a support frame, a buffer feeding assembly is arranged on the top of the support frame, a spreading assembly is arranged on the top of the buffer feeding assembly, and an adjusting assembly is arranged inside the spreading assembly; The buffer loading assembly comprises a loading box, a buffer groove is provided on the front surface of the loading box near the front surface, a buffer pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove, a buffer plate is movably embedded inside the buffer pad, and a buffer unloading plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the loading box; The pushing and dispersing component includes a fixed frame, and the front and rear surfaces of the fixed frame are fixedly installed with fixed plates, a forward and reverse motor is fixedly installed on the top of one of the fixed plates, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the forward and reverse motor, a driving gear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the driving gear is meshingly connected to two driven gears, two rotating rods are movably embedded in the top of the fixed frame near the front and rear surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the four rotating rods are fixedly installed with embedded gears, the four embedded gears are evenly divided into two groups, and the outer surfaces of the two groups of embedded gears are meshingly connected with chains.
[0006] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, movable clamps are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the two chains, movable seats are installed on the bottoms of the two movable clamps through bolts, movable rods are fixedly installed on the bottoms of the two movable seats near both sides, and two sliding grooves are provided on the bottoms of the two movable seats.
[0007] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, slide rails are movably embedded inside the four slide grooves, the bottoms of the four slide rails are fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame, four movable holes are opened on the top of the fixed frame, and the outer surfaces of the four movable rods are movably embedded in the four movable holes respectively.
[0008] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the adjustment assembly includes two adjustment plates, electric push rods are fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the two adjustment plates, connecting plates are fixedly installed at the output ends of the two electric push rods, and multiple hook-shaped push rods are fixedly installed at the bottom of the two connecting plates.
[0009] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a PLC controller is arranged on the front surface of the support frame, a detection plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the fixed frame, a camera is fixedly installed on the bottom of the detection plate, and laser rangefinders are arranged on the bottoms of the two adjustment plates.
[0010] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, movable grooves are provided at the bottom ends of the four moving rods, and two moving rods distributed laterally form a group. The bottom ends of the two groups of moving rods are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of the two adjustment plates, and support rods are fixedly installed on the tops of the two adjustment plates near both sides.
[0011] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the top ends of the four support rods are movably embedded in four movable grooves respectively, and two support rods distributed laterally in each of the four support rods form a group, and the top ends of the two groups of support rods are movably penetrated to the tops of the two adjustment plates respectively.
[0012] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a screening box is arranged on the top of the support frame, a vibration mechanism is arranged inside the screening box, two vibration spring seats are arranged on the front surface and the rear surface of the screening box, the bottoms of the four vibration spring seats are respectively installed on the top of the support frame near the front surface and the rear surface, four vibrating screens are arranged inside the screening box, a graded discharge box is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the screening box, a discharge box is arranged at the bottom of the screening box, the graded discharge box is installed inside the support frame near one side, and the discharge box is installed inside the support frame.
[0013] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the front surface of the buffer plate is installed on the front surface of the loading box by bolts, the outer surface of the buffer unloading plate is movably embedded in the interior of the screening box, the buffer unloading plate is located on the top of the vibrating screen, and a loading hopper is fixedly installed on the top of the loading box near the other side.
[0014] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fixed frame is installed on the top of the loading box by bolts, the output end of the forward and reverse motor movably penetrates into the interior of one of the fixed plates, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is movably embedded in the top of the fixed frame, the interiors of the two driven gears are respectively fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of two of the rotating rods, each group of two rotating rods distributed laterally of the four rotating rods is a group, and the top ends of the two groups of rotating rods are respectively movably embedded in the top surfaces inside the two fixed plates.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a sand and gravel screening device for construction projects. The sand and gravel are transported to the upper hopper by a feeding device, and fall onto a buffer plate, and then slide downward along the inclined surface of the buffer plate, and slide onto the vibrating screen through the buffering discharge plate, so as to avoid the sand and gravel from concentratedly impacting a certain part of the vibrating screen and causing damage to the vibrating screen. The forward and reverse motors are started to drive the rotating shaft and the driving gear to rotate, and then drive the driven gear, the rotating rod, the embedded gear and the chain to rotate, so that one of the two moving clamps moves forward and the other moves backward, and the moving rod is driven by the moving seat to move relative to each other, so that the two rows of hook-shaped push rods move relative to each other. Under the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse motors, the two rows of hook-shaped push rods move back and forth, pushing away some agglomerated sand and gravel, which is helpful for subsequent screening work and promotes smoother sliding of sand and gravel.
[0016] Start the vibration mechanism to drive the vibrating screen to vibrate. Smaller particles of sand and gravel fall onto the next layer of vibrating screen, while larger particles continue to move above and are discharged along the screen surface to the graded discharge box. The vibrating screen is set up with four layers, and the aperture of the screen hole decreases successively. Finally, the screened sand and gravel are discharged through the discharge box, thus achieving the effect of multi-stage screening and improving the screening accuracy. The buffer pad wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer plate can buffer the impact force of the falling sand and gravel, reducing the vibration impact on the feeding box and the bottom bracket. Unscrew the bolts, pull the buffer plate out of the buffer pad, and replace the new buffer plate. There is no need to replace the entire buffer feeding assembly, saving costs.
[0017] The camera collects images of the sand and gravel. When the PLC controller recognizes that the sand and gravel being transported is of a larger or smaller volume, the PLC controller will start two electric push rods and a laser rangefinder. The two electric push rods drive the two connecting plates to move up or down, and drive the two rows of hook-shaped push rods to move up or down. At the same time, the laser rangefinder measures the distance between the connecting plates. When the set value is met, the PLC controller will control the two electric push rods to close, thereby expanding or reducing the distance between the hook-shaped push rod and the buffer plate. Under the action of the adjustment component, the height of the hook-shaped push rod can be adjusted to adapt to sand and gravel of different volumes, and prevent the hook-shaped push rod from affecting the smooth flow of sand and gravel.
[0018] One row of hook-shaped push rods is high in the middle and low on both sides, while the other row of hook-shaped push rods is staggered in height and symmetrically distributed in a hook shape. By setting staggered hook-shaped push rods of different heights, the sand and gravel can be acted on from different heights to cover a wider range. The higher hook-shaped push rods can comb the surface of the sand and gravel to break up small particles that are aggregated on the surface, and the lower hook-shaped push rods can penetrate deeper to disperse the sand and gravel in the lower layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 2 A rear perspective view of a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural sectional expanded stereoscopic diagram of a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural expansion stereogram of a buffering feeding assembly in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the structure of a loading box in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the structure of a spreading component in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the structure of an adjustment component in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural sectional expanded stereoscopic diagram of an adjustment plate in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a structural sectional and expanded stereoscopic diagram of a fixed plate in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a perspective view of the structure of a movable seat in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering of the present invention; Fig.11 The present invention is a three-dimensional diagram of the structure of an embedded gear in a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering.
[0020] In the figure: 1-support frame; 2-PLC controller; 3-buffer loading assembly; 301-loading box; 302-loading hopper; 303-buffer unloading plate; 304-buffer slot; 305-buffer pad; 306-buffer plate; 4-pushing assembly; 401-fixed frame; 402-fixed plate; 403-forward and reverse motor; 404-rotating shaft; 405-driving gear; 406-driven gear; 407-rotating rod; 408-embedded gear; 409-chain; 410-movable clamp; 411-moving seat; 412-moving rod; 413-moving hole; 414-slide groove; 415-slide rail; 416-movable groove; 5-adjusting assembly; 501-adjusting plate; 502-electric push rod; 503-connecting plate; 504-hook-type push rod; 505-support rod; 506-detection plate; 507-camera; 508-laser rangefinder; 6-screening box; 7-vibration spring seat; 8-vibration mechanism; 9-vibrating screen; 10-grading discharge box; 11-discharge box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.
[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 11As shown, in the embodiment, a sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering is provided, including a support frame 1, a buffer feeding assembly 3 is arranged on the top of the support frame 1, a pushing and scattering assembly 4 is arranged on the top of the buffer feeding assembly 3, and an adjusting assembly 5 is arranged inside the pushing and scattering assembly 4; the buffer feeding assembly 3 includes a feeding box 301, a buffer groove 304 is opened on the front surface of the feeding box 301 near the front surface, a buffer pad 305 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove 304, a buffer plate 306 is movably embedded in the buffer pad 305, and a buffer unloading plate 303 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the feeding box 301; the pushing and scattering assembly 4 includes a fixing frame 401, and a fixing plate 402 is fixedly installed on the front and rear surfaces of the fixing frame 401, and one of the fixing plates 40 2 is fixedly installed with a forward and reverse motor 403 on the top, a rotating shaft 404 is fixedly installed at the output end of the forward and reverse motor 403, a driving gear 405 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 404, and the outer surface of the driving gear 405 is meshed and connected with two driven gears 406, and two rotating rods 407 are movably embedded near the front surface and the rear surface of the top of the fixed frame 401, and the outer surfaces of the four rotating rods 407 are fixedly installed with embedded gears 408, and the four embedded gears 408 are evenly divided into two groups, and the outer surfaces of the two groups of embedded gears 408 are meshed and connected with chains 409, and the outer surfaces of the two chains 409 are fixedly installed with moving clamps 410, and the bottoms of the two moving clamps 410 are both installed with moving seats 411 through bolts, and the two moving seats 41 1 is fixedly installed with moving rods 412 near both sides of the bottom, two moving seats 411 are provided with two slide grooves 414 at the bottom, and slide rails 415 are movably embedded in the four slide grooves 414. The bottoms of the four slide rails 415 are fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame 401. The top of the fixed frame 401 is provided with four moving holes 413. The outer surfaces of the four moving rods 412 are movably embedded in the four moving holes 413 respectively. The adjustment component 5 includes two adjustment plates 501. The centers of the bottoms of the two adjustment plates 501 are fixedly installed with electric push rods 502. The output ends of the two electric push rods 502 are fixedly installed with connecting plates 503. The bottoms of the two connecting plates 503 are fixedly installed with multiple hook-shaped push rods 504. The bottom ends of the movable rods 412 are each provided with movable grooves 416, and two movable rods 412 distributed transversely of the four movable rods 412 form a group, and the bottom ends of the two groups of movable rods 412 are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of the two adjustment plates 501, and support rods 505 are fixedly installed near the two sides of the tops of the two adjustment plates 501, and the top ends of the four support rods 505 are respectively movably embedded in the insides of the four movable grooves 416, and two support rods 505 distributed transversely of the four support rods 505 form a group, and the top ends of the two groups of support rods 505 are respectively movably penetrated to the tops of the two adjustment plates 501, and a screening box 6 is arranged on the top of the support frame 1, and a vibration mechanism 8 is arranged inside the screening box 6, and two vibration spring seats 7 are arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the screening box 6.The bottoms of the four vibration spring seats 7 are respectively installed on the top of the support frame 1 near the front surface and the rear surface. Four vibrating screens 9 are arranged inside the screening box 6. A graded discharge box 10 is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the screening box 6. A discharge box 11 is arranged at the bottom of the screening box 6. The graded discharge box 10 is installed near one side of the inside of the support frame 1. The discharge box 11 is installed inside the support frame 1. The front surface of the buffer plate 306 is installed on the front surface of the loading box 301 by bolts. The outer surface of the buffer discharge plate 303 is movably embedded in the inside of the screening box 6. The buffer discharge plate 303 is located at the top of the vibrating screen 9. The top of the loading box 301 is fixedly installed with a loading hopper 302 near the other side, and the fixing frame 401 is installed on the top of the loading box 301 by bolts. The output end of the forward and reverse motor 403 is movably penetrated into the interior of one of the fixing plates 402, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 404 is movably embedded in the top of the fixing frame 401. The insides of the two driven gears 406 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of two rotating rods 407. The four rotating rods 407 are each a group of two rotating rods 407 distributed laterally, and the top ends of the two groups of rotating rods 407 are respectively movably embedded in the top surfaces of the insides of the two fixing plates 402.
[0023] In this embodiment, when in use, the forward and reverse motor 403, the electric push rod 502, the camera 507, the laser rangefinder 508, the vibration mechanism 8 and the PLC controller 2 are electrically connected. Figure 5 As shown, the buffer plate 306 is inserted into the buffer pad 305 through the square hole on the front surface of the buffer pad 305, and the buffer plate 306 is fixed in the loading box 301 by bolts. The height of the buffer plate 306 is higher than the height of the bottom surface of the buffer unloading plate 303, which is convenient for the subsequent sand and gravel on the buffer plate 306 to move along its inclined surface to the buffer unloading plate 303 for unloading. The four embedded gears 408 are distributed in groups of two in each front-to-back direction, with a total of two groups, distributed on the left and right sides of the top of the fixing frame 401, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, two sets of embedded gears 408 are respectively meshed and connected with chains 409, and movable clamps 410 are installed on the outer surfaces of the two chains 409. The movable clamp 410 on the left chain 409 is installed on the left side of the chain 409, and the movable clamp 410 on the right chain 409 is installed on the right side of the chain 409. Fig. 9As shown, the two movable seats 411 are respectively located at the front side wall and the rear surface wall inside the fixed frame 401. The sand and gravel are transported to the upper hopper 302 through the feeding equipment, and then discharged into the upper box 301 through the discharge port at the bottom of the upper hopper 302, and fall onto the buffer plate 306. The buffer loading assembly 3 is inclined so that the sand and gravel on the buffer plate 306 slide downward along the inclined surface of the buffer plate 306, and move to the uppermost vibrating screen 9 inside the screening box 6 through the buffer unloading plate 303. During the loading process, the loading buffer is performed through the buffer loading assembly 3 to prevent the sand and gravel from concentratedly impacting a certain part of the vibrating screen 9, causing damage to the vibrating screen 9. When the sand and gravel slide downward on the surface of the buffer plate 306, they will pass through the dispersing component 4, start the forward and reverse motor 403 in advance, and drive the rotating shaft 404 and the driving gear 405 to rotate through the output end of the forward and reverse motor 403, and then drive the two meshing driven gears 406 to rotate in the same direction, and drive the corresponding two embedded gears 408 to rotate in the same direction through the fixedly connected rotating rod 407, and further drive the two chains 409 to rotate, so that the two movable clamps 410 on the outer surfaces of the two chains 409 move forward and backward respectively, and at the same time, the chain 409 will drive the other two embedded gears 408 to rotate. Through the relative movement of the two movable clamps 410, the two movable seats 411 are driven to move relative to each other on the corresponding slide rails 415, and the movable rods 412 are further driven to slide in the corresponding movable holes 413, so that the two connecting plates 503 in the adjustment assembly 5 move in relative directions at the same time, thereby driving one row of hook-shaped push rods 504 to move forward and the other row of hook-shaped push rods 504 to move backward, thereby pushing away the sand and gravel moving on the top of the buffer plate 306. When the rear hook-shaped push rod 504 moves to the front of the loading box 301 and the front hook-shaped push rod 504 moves to the rear of the loading box 301, the output end of the forward and reverse motor 403 will pause for a few seconds and then rotate in the reverse direction, driving the rotating shaft 404 and the driving gear 405 to rotate in the reverse direction, further driving the driven gear 406, the rotating rod 407, the embedded gear 408 and the chain 409 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the two rows of hook-shaped push rods 504 move in the reverse direction and reset respectively. Under the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse motor 403, the two rows of hook-shaped push rods 504 move back and forth, pushing away some agglomerated sand and gravel, ensuring that the sand and gravel can maintain a relatively uniform distribution state on the buffer plate 306, which is helpful for subsequent screening work. The back and forth movement of the hook-shaped push rod 504 can also increase the kinetic energy of the sand and gravel, promote its smoother sliding, avoid the phenomenon that some sand and gravel are stuck on the buffer plate 306 and affect the sliding of other sand and gravel, and help the sand and gravel to slide onto the vibrating screen 9 better. With the cooperation of the buffer feeding component 3 and the pushing and dispersing component 4, the problem that when the sand and gravel screening device for construction projects is in use, the sand and gravel materials tend to fall to a certain position of the screening net, causing a large concentrated impact on a certain position of the screening net. Frequent high-intensity impacts will accelerate its wear, causing the screening net to break or the sieve holes to become larger, affecting the screening accuracy and reducing the overall screening effect is solved.Start the vibration mechanism 8, and the motor in the vibration mechanism 8 drives the eccentric weight to rotate through the transmission device to form centrifugal force. The vibration generated by the rotation of the eccentric weight is transmitted to the vibration screen 9 through the vibration transmission device. When the sand and gravel slide onto the vibration screen 9, they are affected by the vibration, and the smaller particles of sand and gravel pass through the screen aperture and fall onto the next layer of the vibration screen 9, while the larger particles continue to move above and are discharged along the screen surface to the grading discharge box 10. The vibration screen 9 is provided with four layers, such as. Figure 3 As shown, the aperture of each layer of the vibrating screen 9 is different, and the aperture of the screen decreases from top to bottom. Finally, the screened sand and gravel are discharged through the discharge box 11, thereby achieving a multi-stage screening effect and improving the screening accuracy.
[0024] Embodiment 2: Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, the adjustment component 5 includes two adjustment plates 501, electric push rods 502 are fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the two adjustment plates 501, connecting plates 503 are fixedly installed at the output ends of the two electric push rods 502, and multiple hook-shaped push rods 504 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the two connecting plates 503. A PLC controller 2 is set on the front surface of the support frame 1, a detection plate 506 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the fixed frame 401, and a camera 507 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the detection plate 506. A laser rangefinder 508 is set at the bottom of the two adjustment plates 501, and four movable A movable groove 416 is provided at the bottom end of the rod 412. Two movable rods 412 distributed laterally form a group of four movable rods 412. The bottom ends of the two groups of movable rods 412 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the two adjustment plates 501. Support rods 505 are fixedly installed near the two sides of the top of the two adjustment plates 501. The top ends of the four support rods 505 are respectively movably embedded in the inside of the four movable grooves 416. Two support rods 505 distributed laterally form a group of four support rods 505. The top ends of the two groups of support rods 505 are respectively movably penetrated to the top of the two adjustment plates 501.
[0025] In this embodiment, when in use, when sand and gravel are discharged from the upper hopper 302 onto the buffer plate 306, the camera 507 is used to collect images of the sand and gravel, and the captured sand and gravel images are transmitted to the PLC controller 2 in the form of electrical signals. The images of larger volume sand and gravel and smaller volume sand and gravel are set in advance inside the PLC controller 2. The PLC controller 2 identifies and compares the received graphic information. When the batch of sand and gravel transported is a larger volume, the PLC controller 2 will start the two electric push rods 502 and the laser rangefinder 508. The output ends of the two electric push rods 502 pull the two connecting plates 503 upward, driving the two The hook-shaped push rod 504 moves upward, and at the same time, the laser rangefinder 508 emits a laser beam to the top of the connecting plate 503, measures the distance between the connecting plate 503 in real time, and transmits the distance data to the PLC controller 2 in the form of an electrical signal. The PLC controller 2 sets the distance data that meets the larger volume of sand and gravel and the smaller volume of sand and gravel in advance. When the PLC controller 2 recognizes that the data between the connecting plate 503 and the laser rangefinder 508 meets the set value, the PLC controller 2 will control the two electric push rods 502 to close, thereby expanding the distance between the hook-shaped push rod 504 and the buffer plate 306 to adapt to the larger volume of sand and gravel. When the PLC controller 2 recognizes that the transported sand and gravel is a smaller volume, it will start the two electric push rods 502, push the two connecting plates 503 downward, and under the detection of the laser rangefinder 508, timely control the electric push rods 502 to close, thereby reducing the distance between the hook-shaped push rod 504 and the buffer plate 306 to adapt to the smaller volume of sand and gravel. Under the action of the adjustment component 5, the height of the hook-shaped push rod 504 can be adjusted to adapt to different volumes of sand and gravel, and prevent the hook-shaped push rod 504 from affecting the smooth flow of sand and gravel. Figure 8 As shown, one row of hook-shaped push rods 504 is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the other row of hook-shaped push rods 504 is staggered in height, and the hook-shaped push rods 504 are symmetrically distributed in a hook shape. By arranging staggered hook-shaped push rods 504 of different heights, the sand and gravel can be acted on from multiple heights and angles to cover a wider range. The higher-positioned hook-shaped push rods 504 can comb the surface of the sand and gravel to break up small particles agglomerated on the surface, and the lower-positioned hook-shaped push rods 504 can penetrate into a deeper position to push and disperse the sand and gravel in the lower layer.
[0026] Embodiment 3: Figure 2 and Figure 4-Figure 6As shown, the buffer loading assembly 3 includes a loading box 301, a buffer groove 304 is opened near the front surface of the loading box 301, a buffer pad 305 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove 304, a buffer plate 306 is movably embedded inside the buffer pad 305, a buffer unloading plate 303 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the loading box 301, the front surface of the buffer plate 306 is installed on the front surface of the loading box 301 by bolts, the outer surface of the buffer unloading plate 303 is movably embedded in the inside of the screening box 6, the buffer unloading plate 303 is located on the top of the vibrating screen 9, and a loading hopper 302 is fixedly installed on the top of the loading box 301 near the other side.
[0027] In this embodiment, when the sand and gravel in the upper hopper 302 falls onto the buffer plate 306, the impact force of the sand and gravel falling can be buffered by the buffer pad 305 wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer plate 306, thereby reducing the vibration impact on the upper material box 301 and the bottom bracket. The buffer plate 306 is fixed by bolts. When the buffer plate 306 is worn after long-term use, the bolts can be unscrewed to pull the buffer plate 306 out of the buffer pad 305, and a new buffer plate 306 can be replaced without replacing the entire buffer loading assembly 3, thereby saving costs and facilitating operation.
[0028] The effect and working principle of the whole mechanism are as follows: the sand and gravel are transported to the upper hopper 302 through the feeding device, and then discharged into the upper box 301 through the discharge port at the bottom of the upper hopper 302, and fall onto the buffer plate 306. The buffer loading assembly 3 is inclined so that the sand and gravel on the buffer plate 306 slide downward along the inclined surface of the buffer plate 306, and move to the uppermost vibrating screen 9 inside the screening box 6 through the buffer unloading plate 303. During the loading process, the buffer loading assembly 3 is used for loading buffering to prevent the sand and gravel from concentratedly impacting a certain part of the vibrating screen 9, causing damage to the vibrating screen 9. When the sand and gravel slide downward on the surface of the buffer plate 306, they will pass through the dispersing component 4, start the forward and reverse motor 403 in advance, and drive the rotating shaft 404 and the driving gear 405 to rotate through the output end of the forward and reverse motor 403, and then drive the two meshing driven gears 406 to rotate in the same direction, and drive the corresponding two embedded gears 408 to rotate in the same direction through the fixedly connected rotating rod 407, and further drive the two chains 409 to rotate, so that the two movable clamps 410 on the outer surfaces of the two chains 409 move forward and backward respectively, and at the same time, the chain 409 will drive the other two embedded gears 408 to rotate. Through the relative movement of the two movable clamps 410, the two movable seats 411 are driven to move relative to each other on the corresponding slide rails 415, and the movable rods 412 are further driven to slide in the corresponding movable holes 413, so that the two connecting plates 503 in the adjustment assembly 5 move in relative directions at the same time, thereby driving one row of hook-shaped push rods 504 to move forward and the other row of hook-shaped push rods 504 to move backward, thereby pushing away the sand and gravel moving on the top of the buffer plate 306. When the rear hook-shaped push rod 504 moves to the front of the loading box 301 and the front hook-shaped push rod 504 moves to the rear of the loading box 301, the output end of the forward and reverse motor 403 will pause for a few seconds and then rotate in the reverse direction, driving the rotating shaft 404 and the driving gear 405 to rotate in the reverse direction, further driving the driven gear 406, the rotating rod 407, the embedded gear 408 and the chain 409 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the two rows of hook-shaped push rods 504 move in the reverse direction and reset respectively. Under the forward and reverse rotation of the forward and reverse motor 403, the two rows of hook-shaped push rods 504 move back and forth, pushing away some agglomerated sand and gravel, ensuring that the sand and gravel can maintain a relatively uniform distribution state on the buffer plate 306, which is helpful for subsequent screening work. The back and forth movement of the hook-shaped push rod 504 can also increase the kinetic energy of the sand and gravel, promote its smoother sliding, avoid the phenomenon that some sand and gravel are stuck on the buffer plate 306 and affect the sliding of other sand and gravel, and help the sand and gravel to slide onto the vibrating screen 9 better. The vibration mechanism 8 is started to vibrate. When the sand and gravel slide onto the vibrating screen 9, the smaller particles of sand and gravel fall through the mesh aperture to the next layer of the vibrating screen 9, while the larger particles continue to move upward and are discharged along the screen surface to the grading discharge box 10. The vibrating screen 9 is provided with four layers, such as Figure 3As shown, the aperture of each layer of the vibrating screen 9 is different. From top to bottom, the aperture of the screen decreases successively. Finally, the screened sand and gravel are discharged through the discharge box 11, thereby achieving a multi-stage screening effect and improving the screening accuracy. When the sand and gravel are discharged from the upper hopper 302 to the buffer plate 306, the image of the sand and gravel is collected by the camera 507, and the captured sand and gravel image is transmitted to the PLC controller 2 in the form of an electrical signal. The images of larger and smaller sand and gravel are set in advance inside the PLC controller 2. The PLC controller 2 identifies and compares the received graphic information. When the batch of sand and gravel transported is a larger volume, the PLC controller 2 will start the two electric push rods 502 and the laser rangefinder 508. The output ends of the two electric push rods 502 pull the two connecting plates 503 upward, driving the two rows of hook-type push rods 5 04 moves upward, and at the same time, the laser rangefinder 508 emits a laser beam to the top of the connecting plate 503, measures the distance between the connecting plate 503 in real time, and transmits the distance data to the PLC controller 2 in the form of an electrical signal. The PLC controller 2 sets the distance data that meets the larger volume of sand and gravel and the smaller volume of sand and gravel in advance. When the PLC controller 2 recognizes that the data between the connecting plate 503 and the laser rangefinder 508 meets the set value, the PLC controller 2 will control the two electric push rods 502 to close, thereby expanding the distance between the hook-shaped push rod 504 and the buffer plate 306 to adapt to the larger volume of sand and gravel. When the PLC controller 2 recognizes that the transported sand and gravel is a smaller volume, it will start the two electric push rods 502, push the two connecting plates 503 downward, and under the detection of the laser rangefinder 508, timely control the electric push rods 502 to close, thereby reducing the distance between the hook-shaped push rod 504 and the buffer plate 306 to adapt to the smaller volume of sand and gravel. Under the action of the adjustment component 5, the height of the hook-shaped push rod 504 can be adjusted to adapt to different volumes of sand and gravel, and prevent the hook-shaped push rod 504 from affecting the smooth flow of sand and gravel. Figure 8As shown, one row of hook-shaped push rods 504 is high in the middle and low on both sides, and the other row of hook-shaped push rods 504 is staggered in height, and the hook-shaped push rods 504 are arranged in a symmetrically distributed hook shape. By arranging staggered hook-shaped push rods 504 of different heights, the sand and gravel can be acted on from multiple heights and angles to cover a wider range. The higher hook-shaped push rods 504 can comb the surface of the sand and gravel to break up the small particles agglomerated on the surface, and the lower hook-shaped push rods 504 can penetrate deeper to push the sand and gravel in the lower layer. When the sand and gravel in the upper hopper 302 fall onto the buffer plate 306, the buffer pad 305 wrapped on the outer surface of the buffer plate 306 can buffer the impact force of the sand and gravel falling, reducing the vibration impact on the upper material box 301 and the bottom bracket. The buffer plate 306 is fixed by bolts. When the buffer plate 306 is worn after long-term use, the bolts can be unscrewed to pull the buffer plate 306 out of the buffer pad 305 and replace it with a new buffer plate 306. There is no need to replace the entire buffer loading assembly 3, which saves costs and is easy to operate.
[0029] Among them, the PLC controller 2, the forward and reverse motor 403, the electric push rod 502, the camera 507, the laser rangefinder 508 and the vibration mechanism 8 are all existing technologies, and their components and operating principles are all public technologies, so no excessive explanation is given here.
[0030] Other technologies of this embodiment adopt existing technologies.
[0031] The present invention is described by preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments falling within the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: A buffer loading component (3) is arranged on the top of the support frame (1), a spreading component (4) is arranged on the top of the buffer loading component (3), and an adjusting component (5) is arranged inside the spreading component (4); The buffer loading assembly (3) comprises a loading box (301), a buffer groove (304) is provided on the front surface of the loading box (301) near the front surface, a buffer pad (305) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove (304), a buffer plate (306) is movably embedded inside the buffer pad (305), and a buffer unloading plate (303) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one side of the loading box (301); The pushing and dispersing component (4) comprises a fixed frame (401), the front surface and the rear surface of the fixed frame (401) are both fixedly mounted with fixed plates (402), a forward and reverse motor (403) is fixedly mounted on the top of one of the fixed plates (402), a rotating shaft (404) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the forward and reverse motor (403), a driving gear (405) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (404), the outer surface of the driving gear (405) is meshingly connected to two driven gears (406), two rotating rods (407) are movably embedded at the top of the fixed frame (401) near the front surface and the rear surface, the outer surfaces of the four rotating rods (407) are all fixedly mounted with embedded gears (408), the four embedded gears (408) are evenly divided into two groups, and the outer surfaces of the two groups of embedded gears (408) are meshingly connected to chains (409).
2. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable clamp (410) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the two chains (409), a movable seat (411) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the two movable clamps (410) via bolts, a movable rod (412) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the two movable seats (411) near both sides, and two sliding grooves (414) are provided on the bottom of the two movable seats (411).
3. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four slide grooves (414) are each movably embedded with a slide rail (415), the bottoms of the four slide rails (415) are each fixedly mounted on the top of a fixed frame (401), the top of the fixed frame (401) is provided with four movable holes (413), and the outer surfaces of the four movable rods (412) are each movably embedded in the inside of the four movable holes (413).
4. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (5) comprises two adjustment plates (501), electric push rods (502) are fixedly mounted at the center of the bottom of the two adjustment plates (501), connecting plates (503) are fixedly mounted at the output ends of the two electric push rods (502), and a plurality of hook-shaped push rods (504) are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the two connecting plates (503).
5. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A PLC controller (2) is arranged on the front surface of the support frame (1), a detection plate (506) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of one side of the fixed frame (401), a camera (507) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the detection plate (506), and a laser rangefinder (508) is arranged on the bottom of the two adjustment plates (501).
6. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the four moving rods (412) are each provided with a movable groove (416), and each of the four moving rods (412) is composed of two moving rods (412) distributed laterally, and the bottom ends of the two groups of moving rods (412) are respectively fixedly mounted on the tops of the two adjustment plates (501), and the tops of the two adjustment plates (501) are each fixedly mounted with support rods (505) near both sides.
7. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top ends of the four support rods (505) are movably embedded in the four movable grooves (416), and two support rods (505) distributed laterally form a group of the four support rods (505). The top ends of the two groups of support rods (505) are movably penetrated to the tops of the two adjustment plates (501).
8. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screening box (6) is arranged on the top of the support frame (1), a vibration mechanism (8) is arranged inside the screening box (6), two vibration spring seats (7) are arranged on the front surface and the rear surface of the screening box (6), the bottoms of the four vibration spring seats (7) are respectively mounted on the top of the support frame (1) near the front surface and the rear surface, four vibration screens (9) are arranged inside the screening box (6), a grading discharge box (10) is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the screening box (6), a discharge box (11) is arranged at the bottom of the screening box (6), the grading discharge box (10) is mounted inside the support frame (1) near one side, and the discharge box (11) is mounted inside the support frame (1).
9. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front surface of the buffer plate (306) is mounted on the front surface of the loading box (301) by means of bolts, the outer surface of the buffer unloading plate (303) is movably embedded in the interior of the screening box (6), the buffer unloading plate (303) is located on the top of the vibrating screen (9), and a loading hopper (302) is fixedly mounted on the top of the loading box (301) near the other side.
10. The sand and gravel screening device for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame (401) is installed on the top of the loading box (301) by bolts, the output end of the forward and reverse motor (403) movably penetrates into the interior of one of the fixing plates (402), the bottom end of the rotating shaft (404) is movably embedded in the top of the fixing frame (401), the insides of the two driven gears (406) are respectively fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of two of the rotating rods (407), and each of the four rotating rods (407) distributed laterally forms a group of two rotating rods (407), and the top ends of the two groups of rotating rods (407) are respectively movably embedded in the top surfaces inside the two fixing plates (402).