An ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding device and method

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of sheet metal welding, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding device and method. During operation, there is no need to drill holes in advance, with high operation efficiency and automation degree. It can weld a wide range of sheet metals. At the same time, the introduction of ultrasonic vibration significantly improves the joint microstructure and enables the screw riveting welding of high-strength and hard sheet metals. In addition, through the specially designed fusion brazing type screw rivets, high-performance composite screw riveting welding of "mechanical riveting - brazing connection - solid-phase welding" can be achieved in one step, greatly improving the mechanical properties and service reliability of the joints, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sheet metal welding, and particularly to an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded riveting welding device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of key manufacturing fields such as aerospace and automotive, in order to meet the safety requirements of components and at the same time comply with the increasingly stringent energy conservation and emission reduction requirements, lightweight metal materials such as aluminum alloys and high-strength steels are widely used in the manufacturing of high-performance components. The mixed use of multiple materials and multiple structures has become an inevitable trend in the development of high-performance component manufacturing technology. By welding and connecting heterogeneous metal materials, the performance combination advantages of different materials can be fully utilized, greatly improving the design and production flexibility of components, while meeting the functional and performance requirements of components.

[0003] However, there are huge differences in the physical and metallurgical chemical properties between heterogeneous metal materials, which pose great challenges to the welding and connection technologies of heterogeneous metal structures. Traditional welding methods usually have difficulty achieving high-performance metallurgical bonding of heterogeneous metals, and at the same time, they will be accompanied by the generation of toxic and harmful gases and light pollution; although adhesive bonding can be used for heterogeneous metal connection, the solidification time of adhesive joints is long, the connection efficiency is low, and there are also problems such as poor impact resistance, easy sudden failure, and low safety, which limit its application; self-piercing riveting is difficult to connect harder sheets and is prone to damage, and it is difficult to ensure the reliability of performance under extreme service conditions; the heat generated by the friction of the rivets in traditional riveting may be difficult to soften high-strength and high-hardness metal sheets, resulting in deformation or even fracture of the rivets during the connection process. In addition, material accumulation will occur during the high-speed rotation and penetration of the rivets, and the connection effect is poor. The above all limit its application under certain requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded riveting welding device and method to meet the rapid and efficient welding requirements of sheets, while significantly improving the microstructure of the joints and realizing high-performance composite riveting welding of "mechanical riveting - brazing connection - solid-phase welding", greatly improving the mechanical properties and service performance of the joints, thereby solving the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal sheets, low welding strength, difficult guarantee of service performance, coarse microstructure of the welding joints, poor plasticity and toughness, and difficult filling of the weld seam with poor sealing performance.

[0005] To this end, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded riveting welding device, including:

[0006] A bearing assembly, including a workbench and a lifting mechanism disposed on the workbench;

[0007] A carrier is arranged at the driving end of the lifting mechanism and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism to approach and move away from the workbench;

[0008] An installation cylinder is vertically arranged on the carrier;

[0009] A rotary riveting transmission rod includes a rod body movably passing through the installation cylinder and a rotary riveting chuck arranged at the lower end of the rod body;

[0010] A fusion brazing type threaded rivet is located at the lower end of the installation cylinder. The rotary riveting transmission rod can axially move and circumferentially rotate relative to the installation cylinder to drive the fusion brazing type threaded rivet to rotate and advance;

[0011] A cylinder driving assembly is connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting transmission rod and is used to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to axially move;

[0012] A rotary driving assembly is connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting transmission rod and is used to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to circumferentially rotate;

[0013] An ultrasonic assistance assembly is connected to the rotary driving assembly and is used to apply ultrasonic vibrations along the axial and radial directions to the rotary riveting transmission rod; and

[0014] A controller is used to control the lifting mechanism, the rotary driving assembly, the cylinder driving assembly and the ultrasonic assistance assembly to work.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting welding method, which uses the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting welding device as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Stack two upper and lower metal plates to be welded on the workbench, and control the lifting mechanism to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to descend through the controller to position the position of the rotary riveting welding point;

[0017] S2. Control the rotary driving assembly and the cylinder driving assembly to act through the controller to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to rotate and move downward; during the rotation and downward advancement of the rotary riveting transmission rod, the rotary riveting chuck cooperates to screw into the head clamping area of the fusion brazing type threaded rivet and clamp it, and then drives the fusion brazing type threaded rivet to rotate and advance; during the continuous advancement, the end thread feeding area starts to penetrate at the rotary riveting welding point of the plate, and the ultrasonic assistance assembly starts to work and applies axial ultrasonic vibrations;

[0018] S3. When the end thread feeding area penetrates the upper layer of the sheet and starts to contact the lower layer of the sheet, the ultrasonic assistance component starts to apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressing amount of the head clamping area is reached, the cylinder driving component stops operating, the swaging chuck stops feeding axially, and the shoulder thread brazing area with threaded stirring texture continuously rotates and frictions the metal material enclosed below the head clamping area for a certain period of time to heat it, so that the metal sheets around the brazed threaded rivet reach the plasticized state and undergo plastic flow in the closed cavity; enabling the lower layer of the sheet and the end thread feeding area to form a dense solid-phase weld under extrusion, and the upper layer of the sheet wraps and inlays the brazed threaded rivet to form a mechanical connection. At the same time, the filler metal melts due to high temperature and fills the gaps between the mechanical connections by capillary action, finally forming a mechanical riveting, brazing connection, and solid-phase welding between the metal sheets;

[0019] S4. After completing the swaging welding, the ultrasonic assistance component stops working, and the controller controls the rotation driving component and the cylinder driving component to act in reverse, driving the swaging transmission rod to reverse and rise, and the swaging chuck to screw out of the head clamping area of the brazed threaded rivet, realizing the reset of the swaging transmission rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the ultrasonic-assisted brazed threaded swaging welding device and method provided by this application are as follows:

[0021] (1) The ultrasonic-assisted brazed threaded swaging welding device provided by the present invention, through the cooperation of the bearing component, the installation cylinder body, the swaging transmission rod, the brazed threaded rivet, the cylinder driving component, the rotation driving component, and the ultrasonic assistance component, can realize an automatic and orderly swaging welding process while eliminating the need for a pre-drilling process, significantly improving the working efficiency of the operation process and reducing the operation cost;

[0022] (2) When the present invention is used for sheet connection, there is no need to drill holes in advance, and no complex drilling components are required. The operation efficiency and automation degree are high. During the operation, the brazed threaded rivet is used to pierce and penetrate the upper layer of the sheet. The end of the brazed threaded rivet contacts the lower plate, and the metal material enclosed below the shoulder is continuously rotated and frictioned for a certain period of time to heat it. The lower plate and the end of the brazed threaded rivet form a dense solid-phase weld under the extrusion effect, which also requires a higher downward pressure during the operation process; the cylinder driving component can utilize compressed air to generate a large downward thrust force, with a higher thrust output. At the same time, the pneumatic system usually has a high power-to-weight ratio. Compared with an electric drive system of the same volume, the cylinder can provide a greater output power, making it perform excellently in a high-load environment; the cylinder drive system is relatively simple and stable, without the need for complex motor reduction devices and transmission devices, which makes the system more reliable and reduces the failure rate at the same time;

[0023] (3) When the present invention is in operation, it combines the characteristics of ultrasonic assistance, fusion brazing type threaded rivets, and rotary friction, effectively reducing the resistance of metal plastic deformation, solving the problems of difficult forming and easy crack generation of high-strength and hard sheet materials with poor plastic toughness during the rotary riveting and welding process, enabling the rotary riveting and welding of the same and dissimilar metal sheets, with a wide range of adaptable material types. At the same time, it improves the microstructure of the joint, significantly enhancing the strength and quality of the sheet rotary riveting and welding. In addition, no toxic or harmful gases are emitted during the rotary riveting and welding process, which better meets the current requirements of green manufacturing;

[0024] (4) Through the fusion brazing type threaded rivets, the present invention can achieve high-performance composite rotary riveting and welding of "mechanical riveting - brazing connection - solid-phase welding" in one step, greatly improving the mechanical properties and service performance of the joint, effectively solving the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal sheets, low welding strength, difficult guarantee of service performance, coarse structure of the welded joint, poor plastic toughness, and difficult filling and poor sealing of the weld seam.

[0025] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Among them:

[0028] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting and welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the lower end inside the mounting cylinder of the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting and welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the connection between the mounting cylinder and the carrier frame of the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting and welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotary riveting drive rod of the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting and welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder drive assembly of the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type threaded rotary riveting and welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic connection diagram of an ultrasonic - assisted component and a rotary drive component in an ultrasonic - assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fusion brazing type screw rivet in an ultrasonic - assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic flow diagram of an ultrasonic - assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding method shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Main element symbol description:

[0037] 1. Bearing assembly; 101. Workbench; 102. Lifting mechanism; 103. Carrier; 104. Upper plate; 105. Lower plate; 2. Installation cylinder; 3. Fine - tuning component; 301. Handwheel; 302. Worm; 303. Worm gear; 304. Rack; 4. Riveting transmission rod; 401. Rod body; 402. Riveting chuck; 403. Guide key; 404. Fixing screw; 5. Cylinder drive assembly; 501. Cylinder block; 502. Cylinder upper cover; 503. Cylinder lower cover; 504. Cylinder piston; 505. First air chamber; 506. Second air chamber; 507. First sealing ring; 508. Second sealing ring; 509. Third sealing ring; 510. Fourth sealing ring; 511. Fifth sealing ring; 512. Tapered roller bearing; 6. Rotary drive component; 601. Rotary motor; 602. Coupling; 603. Flat key; 604. Axle pin; 7. Ultrasonic - assisted component; 701. First transducer; 702. First connection unit; 703. Second transducer; 704. Second connection unit; 705. Third transducer; 706. Third connection unit; 707. Horn; 8. Fusion brazing type screw rivet; 801. Head clamping area; 802. Shoulder thread fusion brazing area; 803. End thread feeding area; 804. Tooth - shaped texture; 805. Thread stirring texture; 806. Filler metal; 807. Rivet supply tape; 9. Controller; A. Solid - phase weld; B. Mechanical interlock; C. Brazing connection. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure content of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0039] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0040] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0041] In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing type screw riveting welding device, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a bearing assembly 1, a carrier 103, a mounting cylinder 2, a spin riveting drive rod 4, a fusion brazing threaded rivet 8, a cylinder drive assembly 5, a rotary drive assembly 6, an ultrasonic assist assembly 7, and a controller 9. The bearing assembly 1 includes a workbench 101 and a lifting mechanism 102 provided on the workbench 101. The carrier 103 is provided at the driving end of the lifting mechanism 102 and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism 102 to approach and move away from the workbench 101. The mounting cylinder 2 is vertically provided on the carrier 103. The spin riveting drive rod 4 includes a rod body 401 movably passing through the mounting cylinder 2 and a spin riveting chuck 402 provided at the lower end of the rod body 401. The fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 is located at the lower end of the mounting cylinder 2. The spin riveting drive rod 4 can axially move and circumferentially rotate relative to the mounting cylinder 2 to drive the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance. The cylinder drive assembly 5 is connected to the upper end of the spin riveting drive rod 4 and is used to drive the spin riveting drive rod 4 to axially move. The rotary drive assembly 6 is connected to the upper end of the spin riveting drive rod 4 and is used to drive the spin riveting drive rod 4 to circumferentially rotate. The ultrasonic assist assembly 7 is connected to the rotary drive assembly 6 and is used to apply ultrasonic vibrations along the axial and radial directions to the spin riveting drive rod 4. The controller 9 is used to control the lifting mechanism 102, the rotary drive assembly 6, the cylinder drive assembly 5, and the ultrasonic assist assembly 7 to work.

[0043] During use, press the control button of the controller 9 to control the cylinder drive assembly 5, the rotary drive assembly 6, the ultrasonic assist assembly 7, and the spin riveting and welding position. By controlling the lowering of the lifting mechanism 102, the position of the spin riveting and welding point on the plate is positioned. By controlling the cylinder drive assembly 5 and the rotary drive assembly 6 to work, the spin riveting drive rod 4 obtains a forward circumferential rotation and an axial forward movement. The spin riveting chuck 402 at the lower end of the spin riveting drive rod 4 screws into the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8, driving the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance. During the process of the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 advancing and drilling into the plate and completing the rotational friction, the ultrasonic assist assembly 7 continuously applies ultrasonic vibrations for assistance. After reaching the preset parameters, the controller 9 controls the ultrasonic assist assembly 7 to stop working, the cylinder drive assembly 5 to retract, and the rotary drive assembly 6 to rotate circumferentially in the reverse direction to complete the spin riveting process and return smoothly.

[0044] It should be noted that in the related art, there is a method of first drilling holes in the sheet metal and then connecting the sheet metal through the riveting process. A special pre-drilling bit assembly is provided for drilling. During the welding process, solid-phase welding is generated by the friction between the rivet and the surrounding hole walls to generate heat. Therefore, the requirement for applying a downward pressure during the welding process is small. Compared with the prior art, when connecting the sheet metal in the present invention, there is no need to drill holes in advance, and no complex drilling assembly is required. The operation efficiency and automation degree are high. During the operation, the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 is stabbed and penetrated through the upper sheet metal 104. The end of the rivet contacts the lower plate, and the metal material enclosed under the shoulder is continuously rotated and rubbed and heated for a certain period of time. The lower plate and the end of the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 form a dense solid-phase weld under the extrusion action. This also makes the requirement for the applied downward pressure higher during the operation process. Therefore, in this application, the cylinder drive assembly 5 is used to realize the propulsion of the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8:

[0045] 1. Using the cylinder drive assembly 5 can utilize compressed air to generate a large downward thrust force, with higher thrust output. At the same time, the pneumatic system usually has a high power-weight ratio. Compared with an electric drive system of the same volume, the cylinder can provide a larger output power, making it perform excellently in a high-load environment;

[0046] 2. Using the cylinder drive assembly 5 can achieve rapid start and stop, and is more suitable for high-load operations that require frequent movement and positioning. At the same time, the cylinder drive will not overheat during long-term operation, enabling it to work stably in high-temperature or harsh environments and will not cause performance degradation due to temperature rise. Compared with a linear motor drive system, it is more adaptable to continuous operation under high-load conditions;

[0047] 3. The cylinder drive system is relatively simple and stable, and does not require complex motor reduction devices and transmission devices, which makes the system more reliable and reduces the failure rate at the same time.

[0048] In the embodiment of this application, the ultrasonic-assisted fusion brazing threaded riveting welding device, through the cooperation of the bearing assembly 1, the installation cylinder body 2, the riveting transmission rod 4, the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8, the cylinder drive assembly 5, the rotation drive assembly 6 and the ultrasonic assistance assembly 7, while realizing the process without pre-drilling, can realize an automatic and orderly riveting welding process, significantly improving the working efficiency of the operation process and reducing the operation cost; during the operation, the characteristics of ultrasonic assistance, the fusion brazing threaded rivet 8 and rotational friction are combined, effectively reducing the resistance of metal plastic deformation, solving the problems of difficult forming and easy cracking of the rivet during the riveting welding process of high-strength and hard sheet metals with poor plastic toughness. It can realize the riveting welding of the same kind and different kinds of metal sheet metals, with a wide range of adaptable material types. At the same time, it improves the microstructure of the joint, significantly enhancing the strength and quality of the sheet metal riveting welding. In addition, no toxic and harmful gases are emitted during the riveting welding process, which better meets the current requirements of green manufacturing.

[0049] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the soldering type threaded rivet 8 to be installed is placed at the lower end inside the installation cylinder body 2. The rivet supply belt 807 communicates with the lower end inside the installation cylinder body 2, and stores a plurality of soldering type threaded rivets 8, which are used to sequentially convey the soldering type threaded rivets 8 into the interior of the installation cylinder body 2 for subsequent installation. The rear end of the rod body 401 extends deep into and is connected to the cylinder drive assembly 5. The riveting chuck 402 can move downward under the drive of the rod body 401 to drive the soldering type threaded rivet 8 to rotate, advance, etc.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 3, a fine adjustment assembly 3 is provided between the installation cylinder body 2 and the carrier 103. The fine adjustment assembly 3 is used to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the installation cylinder body 2 and the carrier 103, so as to accurately adjust the position of the riveting and welding point.

[0051] Specifically, the carrier 103 is provided with an installation hole, the installation cylinder body 2 is slidably penetrated through the installation hole, and the fine adjustment assembly 3 includes a rack 304, a worm gear 303, a worm 302, and a hand wheel 301. The rack 304 is fixed on the outer wall of the installation cylinder body 2 along the vertical direction. The worm gear 303 is rotatably arranged on the carrier 103 and meshes with the rack 304. The worm 302 is rotatably arranged on the carrier 103 and meshes with the worm gear 303. The hand wheel 301 is fixed at one axial end of the worm 302; by rotating the hand wheel 301, the worm 302 drives the worm gear 303 to rotate, and the worm gear 303 drives the rack 304 to move up and down, thereby adjusting the displacement of the installation cylinder body 2.

[0052] At the same time, referring to Figure 4 - Figure 5 , in this embodiment, a riveting chuck 402 is provided at the lower end of the rod body 401 of the riveting transmission rod 4. The riveting chuck 402 is used to connect and drive the soldering type threaded rivet 8. A guiding key 403 and a fixing screw 404 are provided at the upper end of the rod body 401 of the riveting transmission rod 4. The guiding key 403 and the rod body 401 are fixedly connected by the fixing screw 404. The guiding key 403 is used to connect with the coupling 602 in the rotary drive assembly 6 and transmit torque. At the same time, the guiding key 403 can drive the rod body 401 to axially slide, which is used for guiding during the axial pushing process of the riveting transmission rod 4.

[0053] Among them, the cylinder driving assembly 5 includes a cylinder block 501, an upper cylinder cover 502, a lower cylinder cover 503 and a cylinder piston 504. The upper cylinder cover 502 and the lower cylinder cover 503 are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder block 501. The lower cylinder cover 503 is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cylinder 2. The upper cylinder cover 502 is rigidly connected to the output end of the rotary driving assembly 6. The cylinder piston 504 is slidably arranged in the cylinder block 501. The upper cylinder cover 502, the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder block 501 enclose a first air chamber 505. The lower cylinder cover 503, the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder block 501 enclose a second air chamber 506. Interfaces communicating with the first air chamber 505 and the second air chamber 506 are provided on the outer wall of the cylinder block 501. The upper end of the rod body 401 penetrates through the cylinder piston 504 and is rotatably connected to the cylinder piston 504. The cylinder piston 504 is used to drive the rod body 401 to move axially.

[0054] In addition, the cylinder driving assembly 5 further includes a first sealing ring 507, a second sealing ring 508, a third sealing ring 509, a fourth sealing ring 510, a fifth sealing ring 511 and a tapered roller bearing 512. The first sealing ring 507 is used for sealing between the first air chamber 505 and the upper cylinder cover 502. The second sealing ring 508 and the third sealing ring 509 are used for sealing between the first air chamber 505 and the second air chamber 506, and at the same time reduce the friction between the cylinder piston 504 and the cylinder block 501. The fourth sealing ring 510 is used for sealing between the second air chamber 506 and the tapered roller bearing 512. The fifth sealing ring 511 is used for sealing between the second air chamber 506 and the lower cylinder cover 503. The tapered roller bearing 512 is arranged between the locking nut and the rod body 401 and is used for the support and positioning of the rod body 401 and reducing the transmission friction.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 5 , the rotary driving assembly 6 includes a rotary motor 601 and a coupling 602. The rotary motor 601, the cylinder piston 504 and the rod body 401 are coaxially arranged. A through hole is provided on the upper cylinder cover 502. The coupling 602 is rotatably arranged in the through hole. The upper end of the coupling 602 is connected to the motor shaft of the rotary motor 601. The lower end of the coupling 602 is connected to the upper end of the rod body 401. The rotary motor 601 drives the rod body 401 to rotate through the coupling 602. The upper end of the rod body 401 can axially move relative to the coupling 602 so that the rod body 401 moves axially under the drive of the cylinder piston 504.

[0056] The rotating electric machine 601 is drivingly connected to the upper end of the coupling 602 and is fixed and positioned by a flat key 603 and a dowel pin 604. The rotating electric machine 601 transmits power to the riveting drive rod 4 through the coupling 602 to drive the riveting drive rod 4 to rotate. Since the riveting drive rod 4 needs to move axially and rotate circumferentially, while the rotary drive assembly 6 only rotates circumferentially, in order to ensure that the torque can still be transmitted during the movement of the riveting drive rod 4, the solution of the guide key 403 is adopted in this embodiment. A keyway matching the guide key 403 at the upper end of the rod body 401 of the riveting drive rod 4 is provided at the lower end of the coupling 602. The guide key 403 can slide axially in the keyway under the drive of the cylinder drive assembly 5, and the above effect can be achieved.

[0057] Also refer to Figure 6 , the ultrasonic assisting assembly 7 includes a first transducer 701, a first connecting unit 702, a second transducer 703, a second connecting unit 704, a third transducer 705, a third connecting unit 706 and a horn 707; the first transducer 701 is combined with the rear end of the horn 707 through the first connecting unit 702 and is used to apply axial ultrasonic vibration during the process of the brazing type threaded rivet 8 piercing into the plate, so as to reduce the metal deformation resistance and surface friction force during the piercing process and reduce potential material damage; the second transducer 703 is combined with the left side of the horn 707 through the second connecting unit 704, and the third transducer 705 is combined with the right end of the horn 707 through the third connecting unit 706, and radial coupled ultrasonic vibration is applied synergistically during the continuous rotational friction process of the brazing type threaded rivet 8, so as to refine grains, improve the joint microstructure, improve the material fluidity, promote the formation of a tightly wrapped and inlaid mechanical interlocking structure between the plate and the brazing type threaded rivet 8, increase the wettability and the capillary filling ability of the filler metal 806, and accelerate the formation of the filler metal 806 interface reaction; the output frequency of the ultrasonic assisting assembly 7 is 15 kHz - 25 kHz, the output power of the ultrasonic assisting assembly 7 is 2 kW - 35 kW, the output amplitude of the ultrasonic assisting assembly 7 is 5 μm - 45 μm, and the output frequency, power and amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration assembly can be controlled, adjusted and selected according to the type, thickness, etc. of the plate.

[0058] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, the friction-stir brazed threaded rivet 8 can be divided into a head clamping area 801, a shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802, and an end threaded feeding area 803. The side of the head clamping area 801 is provided with tooth-shaped textures 804 that cooperate with the rotary riveting chuck 402. The circumferential side wall of the shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802 is provided with threaded stirring textures 805. At the same time, the outer surface of the shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802 and the lower surface of the head clamping area 801 are both covered with a filler metal 806. The filler metal 806 can be selected according to the material of the welded plate, and the types include Al-based filler metal, Fe-based filler metal, Ag-based filler metal, etc. The end threaded feeding area 803 is provided with threaded stirring textures 805 and has a certain advancing slope. The height of the friction-stir brazed threaded rivet 8 is L1, the diameter of the head clamping area 801 is R1, the height of the head clamping area 801 is L2, the diameter of the shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802 is R2, and the height is L3; the height of the end threaded feeding area 803 is L4. Among them, L1 = L2 + L3 + L4. In addition, the height and diameter of the shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802 need to satisfy 0.3L1 ≤ L3 ≤ 0.8L1, 0.4R1 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.6R1 to ensure the penetration effect during the welding process and avoid fracture due to insufficient strength of the shoulder threaded friction-stir brazing area 802. The covering thickness of the filler metal 806 is t. When the covering thickness t of the filler metal 806 is small, the joint gap cannot be fully filled, affecting the joint strength, and it is easy to melt prematurely during friction heating, resulting in local overheating and welding defects. In addition, when t is large, it will cause uneven heat conduction, affecting the melting and flow of the filler metal 806, resulting in insufficient and uneven welding. Therefore, the covering thickness t of the filler metal 806 should be appropriate and satisfy the requirement of 0.05 mm ≤ t ≤ 0.5 mm. The advancing slope of the end threaded feeding area 803 is α, where 120° ≤ α ≤ 160°. By increasing the advancing slope α, the friction contact area will be increased, which can improve the friction heat to soften the plate and increase the welding adaptability of strong, hard plates and thick plates. However, at the same time, it is also necessary to avoid excessive friction heat, resulting in overheating of the joint and coarsening of the microstructure, affecting the joint strength and service performance. Therefore, the advancing slope α of the end threaded feeding area 803 can be selected according to the performance and thickness of the plate to obtain a better welding effect.

[0059] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides an ultrasonic-assisted friction-stir brazed threaded rotary riveting welding method. Please refer to Figure 8 at the same time. Using the ultrasonic-assisted friction-stir brazed threaded rotary riveting welding device in the above embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

[0060] S1. Stack two plates to be welded (the upper plate 104 and the lower plate 105 respectively) on the workbench 101, and then position the rotary riveting welding point of the plates by controlling the lowering of the lifting mechanism 102 by the controller 9 and combining the precision adjustment of the fine-tuning assembly 3.

[0061] S2. Control the forward rotation of the rotary motor 601 and the pressurization of the supply air to the first air chamber 505 through the controller 9, push the cylinder piston 504 to descend, and then drive the riveting transmission rod 4 to perform axial and circumferential movements; during the rotation and advancement of the riveting transmission rod 4, the riveting chuck 402 at the front end of the rod body 401 cooperates with and screws into the head clamping area 801 of the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 and clamps it, and then drives the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 to rotate and advance downward; during the continuous advancement, the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 starts to penetrate the upper plate 104 at the plate riveting and welding point, and the first transducer 701 and the horn 707 start to work and apply axial ultrasonic vibration;

[0062] It should be noted that in step S2, the rotation speed of the riveting transmission rod 4 is 20 rpm - 6000 rpm, and the axial feed speed of the riveting transmission rod 4 is 1 mm / min - 100 mm / min. The rotation speed and axial feed speed of the riveting transmission rod 4 can be controlled, adjusted and selected according to the type and thickness of the plate.

[0063] S3. When the end thread feeding area 803 of the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 penetrates the upper plate 104 and starts to contact the lower plate 105, the second transducer 703, the third transducer 705 and the horn 707 start to work and apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area 801 of the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 is reached, the riveting chuck 402 stops feeding in the axial direction, and the shoulder thread fusion brazing area 802 with stirring texture continuously rotates and frictions the metal material enclosed below the head clamping area 801 for a certain period of time to heat it, so that the metal plate material around the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 reaches the plasticized state and undergoes sufficient plastic flow in the closed cavity; so that the lower plate 105 and the end thread feeding area 803 form a dense solid-phase weld A under extrusion, the upper plate 104 tightly wraps the fusion brazing type threaded rivet 8 and inlays to form a reliable mechanical interlock B, and at the same time the filler metal 806 melts due to high temperature and fills the gap between the shoulder thread fusion brazing area 802 and the plate by capillary action to form a brazing connection C between the rivet and the plate, and finally realizes the high-performance composite riveting and welding of "mechanical riveting - brazing connection - solid-phase welding" between metal plates.

[0064] It should be noted that in step S3, the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area 801 is h, and the total displacement of the brazing type threaded rivet 8 axially relative to the feeding of the plate is H, where 0.1 mm ≤ h ≤ 0.5 mm, and H = L3 + L4 + h, so as to ensure that the head clamping area 801 of the brazing type threaded rivet 8 forms a closed space and sufficient rotational friction with the upper plate 104, and at the same time to avoid the occurrence of flash on the upper plate 104 due to excessive preset downward pressure. When the thickness of the upper plate 104 is D, where D ≤ 0.9 (L3 + h), so as to ensure that the brazing type threaded rivet 8 can completely penetrate the upper plate 104 and contact and friction with the lower plate 105. In addition, the duration of rotational friction heating is 3 s - 15 s, which can be selected according to the performance, thickness, etc. of the plate, so as to obtain a better welding effect.

[0065] S4. After completing the spin riveting welding, the first transducer 701, the second transducer 703, the third transducer 705 and the horn 707 stop working. The controller 9 controls the reverse rotation of the rotary motor 601 and the pressurization of the second air chamber 506 to supply air, pushing the cylinder piston 504 to retreat, thereby driving the spin riveting transmission rod 4 to reverse and rise. The spin riveting chuck 402 at the front end of the spin riveting transmission rod 4 cooperates to screw out of the head clamping area 801, and the spin riveting transmission rod 4 returns to the initial position.

[0066] In summary, the ultrasonic-assisted brazing type threaded spin riveting welding method can realize the high-performance composite spin riveting welding of "mechanical riveting - brazing connection - solid-phase welding" in one step through the brazing type threaded rivet 8, greatly improving the mechanical properties and service performance of the joint, and can effectively solve the problems of weak bonding ability of a single welding interface of heterogeneous metal plates, low welding strength, difficult guarantee of service performance, coarse structure of the welding joint, poor plasticity and toughness, and difficult filling and poor sealing of the weld seam.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brief description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0068] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device, characterized in that: include: A bearing assembly, comprising a workbench and a lifting mechanism arranged on the workbench; A carrier, which is arranged at a driving end of the lifting mechanism and can move up and down under the drive of the lifting mechanism to approach and move away from the workbench; An installation cylinder is vertically arranged on the carrier; A rotary riveting transmission rod comprises a rod body movably inserted into the installation cylinder and a rotary riveting chuck arranged at the lower end of the rod body; A melting-pipe threaded rivet is located at the lower end of the installation cylinder, and the rotary riveting transmission rod can move axially and rotate circumferentially relative to the installation cylinder to drive the melting-pipe threaded rivet to rotate and advance; A cylinder driving assembly connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting driving rod and used to drive the rotary riveting driving rod to move axially; A rotation drive assembly is connected to the upper end of the rotary riveting transmission rod and is used to drive the rotary riveting transmission rod to rotate circumferentially; An ultrasonic auxiliary component, connected to the rotary drive component, and used to apply ultrasonic vibrations in the axial and radial directions to the rotary riveting drive rod; as well as A controller, used to control the operation of the lifting mechanism, the rotary drive assembly, the cylinder drive assembly and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly; The brazing threaded rivet comprises a head clamping area, a shoulder thread brazing area and an end thread feeding area connected in sequence from top to bottom, the side of the head clamping area is provided with a toothed texture matching the rivet chuck, the outer peripheral wall of the shoulder thread brazing area is provided with a thread stirring texture, and the outer surface of the shoulder thread brazing area and the lower surface of the head clamping area are both covered with brazing material, the brazing material is selected according to the material of the welded plate, and the end thread feeding area is provided with a propulsion slope and a thread stirring texture.

2. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A fine-tuning assembly is provided between the installation cylinder and the carrier, and the fine-tuning assembly is used to adjust the vertical distance between the lower end of the installation cylinder and the carrier.

3. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the brazing threaded rivet is L1, the diameter of the head clamping area is R1, the height of the head clamping area is L2, the diameter of the shoulder thread brazing area is R2, the height of the shoulder thread brazing area is L3, the height of the end thread feed area is L4, the coverage thickness of the brazing material is t, and the advancement slope is α, wherein L1=L2+L3+L4, 0.3L1≤L3≤0.8L1, 0.4R1≤R2≤0.6R1, 0.05mm≤t≤0.5mm, 120°≤α≤160°.

4. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylinder drive assembly includes a cylinder body, a cylinder upper cover, a cylinder lower cover and a cylinder piston, the cylinder upper cover and the cylinder lower cover are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder body, the cylinder lower cover is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting cylinder body, the cylinder upper cover is rigidly connected to the output end of the rotary drive assembly, the cylinder piston is slidably arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder upper cover, the cylinder piston and the cylinder body are surrounded to form a first air cavity, the cylinder lower cover, the cylinder piston and the cylinder body are surrounded to form a second air cavity, the outer wall of the cylinder body is provided with interfaces respectively connecting the first air cavity and the second air cavity, and the upper end of the rod body passes through the cylinder piston and is rotatably connected to the cylinder piston.

5. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a rotary motor and a coupling. The rotary motor, the cylinder piston and the rod body are coaxially arranged. A through hole is provided on the cylinder upper cover. The coupling is rotatably arranged in the through hole. The upper end of the coupling is connected to the motor shaft of the rotary motor, and the lower end of the coupling is connected to the upper end of the rod body. The rotary motor drives the rod body to rotate through the coupling. The upper end of the rod body can move axially relative to the coupling so that the rod body moves axially under the drive of the cylinder piston.

6. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultrasonic auxiliary component includes a first transducer, a second transducer, a third transducer and a transformer; the lower end of the transformer is connected to the upper end of the rotation drive component; the first transducer is connected to the upper end of the transformer, and is used to apply axial ultrasonic vibration during the penetration of the fusion-brazing threaded rivet into the plate; the second transducer and the third transducer are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the circumferential side wall of the transformer, and the second transducer and the third transducer are used to collaboratively apply radially coupled ultrasonic vibration during the rotational friction of the fusion-brazing threaded rivet.

7. An ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding method, using the ultrasonic-assisted brazing threaded riveting welding device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The upper and lower metal plates to be welded are stacked on the workbench, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to drive the rotary rivet transmission rod to descend, so as to locate the position of the rotary rivet welding point; S2. The controller controls the actions of the rotary drive assembly and the cylinder drive assembly to drive the rivet drive rod to rotate and move downward; during the rotation and downward advancement of the rivet drive rod, the rivet chuck cooperates to screw into the head clamping area of ​​the brazing threaded rivet and clamps it, and then drives the brazing threaded rivet to rotate and advance; during the continued advancement, the end thread feed area begins to penetrate at the plate rivet welding point, and the ultrasonic auxiliary assembly starts to work and applies axial ultrasonic vibration; S3. When the end thread feed zone penetrates the upper plate and begins to contact the lower plate, the ultrasonic auxiliary component begins to apply radial coupled ultrasonic vibration; when the preset downward pressure of the head clamping zone is reached, the cylinder drive component stops moving, the spin riveting chuck stops feeding in the axial direction, and the shoulder thread brazing zone with thread stirring texture performs continuous rotational friction heating on the metal material enclosed below the head clamping zone for a certain period of time, so that the metal plate around the brazing threaded rivet reaches a plasticized state and plastic flow occurs in the closed cavity; so that the lower plate and the end thread feed zone form a dense solid phase weld under extrusion, the upper plate wraps and embeds the brazing threaded rivet and forms a mechanical connection, and at the same time the brazing material melts due to high temperature and fills the gap between the mechanical connection with the help of capillary action, finally forming a mechanical riveting, brazing connection and solid phase welding between the metal plates; S4. After the spin riveting welding is completed, the ultrasonic auxiliary component stops working, and the controller controls the rotary drive component and the cylinder drive component to move in the opposite direction, driving the spin riveting transmission rod to reverse and rise, and the spin riveting chuck is screwed out of the head clamping area of ​​the fusion-piercing threaded rivet to achieve the resetting of the spin riveting transmission rod.

8. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S2, the rotation speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod is 20rpm-6000rpm, and the axial feed speed of the rotary riveting transmission rod is 1mm / min-100mm / min.

9. The ultrasonic-assisted brazing thread riveting welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the preset downward pressure of the head clamping area is h, the total displacement of the fusion-piercing threaded rivet in the axial direction relative to the plate feed is H, where 0.1mm≤h≤0.5mm, H=L3+L4+h, the thickness of the upper plate is D, D≤0.9(L3+h), and the duration of the rotational friction heating is 3s-15s.

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