An oil pump plunger assembly, an oil pump, and an oil production vehicle

Abstract

This invention proposes an oil pumping plunger assembly, an oil pump, and an oil production vehicle, relating to the field of oilfield production technology. The oil pumping plunger assembly includes a sucker rod and a plunger, with a counterweight at the bottom of the plunger. The lower end of the sucker rod is rotatably connected to the plunger. It also includes a rotating mechanism and a first anchoring mechanism. The rotating mechanism is used to drive the plunger to rotate relative to the tubing. The first anchoring mechanism includes a second motor, a first lead screw, a first connecting seat, and a connecting rod assembly. One end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod, and the other end moves into the inside of the sucker rod and is hinged to the first connecting seat. The first anchoring mechanism ensures that the sucker rod is firmly fixed inside the tubing during the plunger's rotation, preventing the plunger from rotating and causing the sucker rod to rotate. When the plunger and tubing become stuck, the rotation of the plunger can effectively break up the sand deposits between the plunger and the tubing, reducing the friction caused by sand accumulation, thereby effectively relieving the pump jamming phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas extraction technology, and in particular to an oil pumping plunger assembly, an oil pump, and an oil production vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the oil extraction industry, pumping unit systems are common downhole oil production equipment, among which rod pumps are widely used in the production process of oil wells. Rod pumps are powered by a surface power unit via a sucker rod, driving a plunger to reciprocate up and down within the oil well tubing, thereby extracting crude oil. This system typically relies on a production truck connected to a wire rope, which is used to lift the sucker rod and control the plunger's stroke.

[0003] However, in practical applications, downhole oil typically contains solid impurities of varying particle sizes, such as sand and rock cuttings. These impurities may enter the well along with the oil. Over long-term oil production operations, these solid particles may deposit between the plunger and tubing, increasing friction and even causing the plunger to jam. In severe cases, this can lead to the pump system malfunctioning. Especially during the operation of rod-operated pumps, plunger-tubing jamming is a significant factor affecting production efficiency and equipment safety.

[0004] Traditional methods for unblocking pumps typically involve pulling the plunger up and down with a wire rope. However, this method, relying solely on pulling, is ineffective at removing impurities and sand particles between the plunger and tubing. In cases with significant sand buildup or deep deposits, simply pulling may not be enough to remove all the stuck material and could even exacerbate friction, worsening the sticking. Furthermore, traditional unblocking methods, relying solely on wire rope pulling, can cause excessive force that can significantly impact other components of the pump, potentially damaging the equipment and halting production. Therefore, existing solutions are ineffective in resolving plunger sticking problems, especially in situations with high sand content or harsh well environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an oil pumping plunger assembly, an oil pump, and an oil production vehicle, which can solve the problem that the existing technology cannot effectively remove the plunger from the oil pipe by lifting with a wire rope.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a sucker plunger assembly, which includes a sucker rod and a plunger, a counterweight is provided at the bottom of the plunger, the lower end of the sucker rod is rotatably connected to the plunger, and also includes a rotating mechanism and a first anchoring mechanism;

[0008] The rotating mechanism includes a first motor, a gear and a gear disc. The plunger has an oil inlet chamber inside, and a floating valve is located at the bottom of the oil inlet chamber. The first motor is located inside the sucker rod, and the gear disc is fixedly located at the top of the oil inlet chamber. The output shaft of the first motor passes through the oil inlet chamber and is connected to the gear disc through gear meshing.

[0009] The first anchoring mechanism includes a second motor, a first lead screw, a first connecting seat, and a connecting rod assembly. The second motor is located inside the sucker rod, the first lead screw is rotatably located inside the sucker rod, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the first lead screw. The first connecting seat is threadedly connected to the first lead screw. Multiple connecting rod assemblies are evenly arranged around the central axis of the sucker rod. One end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod, and the other end moves into the inside of the sucker rod and is hinged to the first connecting seat. The connecting rod assembly can be unfolded relative to the sucker rod to anchor the inner wall of the tubing.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the connecting rod assembly includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The sucker rod has an internal mounting cavity. The first lead screw and the first connecting seat are disposed in the mounting cavity. The side wall of the sucker rod has a mounting hole communicating with the mounting cavity. The lower end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod. The lower end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod. The upper end of the first connecting rod passes through the mounting hole and is hinged to the first connecting seat.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the connecting rod assembly further includes a retaining member, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod and the lower end of the first connecting rod, and the side of the retaining member away from the sucker rod has an arc-shaped retaining portion.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the plunger is provided with a spiral groove, the lower end opening of the spiral groove extends to the bottom surface of the plunger, the top surface of the plunger has an oil outlet hole that communicates with the upper end opening of the spiral groove, and a one-way valve is provided at the oil outlet hole.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention discloses an oil pump, which includes the oil pumping plunger assembly described in the first aspect, and also includes an oil pipe and a pump barrel. The pump barrel is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the oil pipe, and a fixed valve is provided at the bottom of the pump barrel. The oil pumping plunger assembly is disposed in the oil pipe, and the plunger is slidably connected to the inner wall of the oil pipe. A sand-proof structure is also provided between the pump barrel and the oil pipe.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the sand-proof structure includes a cylinder and sand-proof plates. The bottom end of the cylinder is closed, and the upper end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pump cylinder. Multiple sand-proof plates are provided and are evenly spaced between the cylinder and the oil pipe along the axial direction of the cylinder. The sand-proof plates are inclined ring structures. The lower end of the sand-proof plates is fixedly connected to the cylinder, and there is an oil inlet gap between the upper end of the sand-proof plates and the oil pipe. Several oil inlets are opened at the connection between the cylinder and the sand-proof plates, and the oil inlets are equipped with filters.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the oil pipe sidewall between the pump barrel and the adjacent sandproof plate is provided with several vent holes.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, a second anchoring mechanism is fixedly provided on the lower end sidewall of the tubing. The second anchoring mechanism includes an installation sleeve, a fixed seat, a drive assembly, a second connecting seat, and multiple umbrella-rib assemblies. The installation sleeve is fixedly provided on the lower end outer sidewall of the tubing. The installation sleeve includes a fixed section and a sliding section connected to each other. The fixed section is located above the sliding section, and the diameter of the sliding section is smaller than the diameter of the fixed section. The fixed seat is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding section at the end away from the fixed section. The second connecting seat is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the sliding section. Multiple umbrella-rib assemblies are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral side of the sliding section. One end of the umbrella-rib assembly is hinged to the second connecting seat, and the other end is hinged to the fixed seat. Several drive assemblies are evenly distributed in the fixed section. The drive assemblies are used to drive the second connecting seat to slide along the axial direction of the sliding section, so as to drive the umbrella-rib assemblies to open outward relative to the sliding section to anchor the well wall.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the fixed section is provided with a receiving cavity, and the driving assembly includes a third motor, a second lead screw, a nut seat and a driving rod disposed in the receiving cavity. The second lead screw is rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity along the axial direction of the fixed section. The output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw. The nut seat is threadedly connected to the second lead screw. One end of the driving rod is fixedly connected to the nut seat, and the other end movably passes through the outside of the fixed section and is fixedly connected to the second connecting seat.

[0018] The umbrella-shaped reinforcement assembly includes a first reinforcement rod, a second reinforcement rod, and an anchor. The first and second reinforcement rods are respectively hinged to the anchor. The end of the first reinforcement rod away from the anchor is hinged to a second connecting seat, and the end of the second reinforcement rod away from the anchor is hinged to a fixed seat.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention discloses an oil production vehicle, including a chassis and a winch and a derrick mounted on the chassis. A steel wire rope is wound around the end of the derrick. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the winch, and the other end is used for detachable and fixed connection to the sucker rod in the oil pump described in the second aspect.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0021] (1) The oil pump plunger assembly disclosed in this invention provides rotational power through a first motor, which transmits the power to the plunger via gears and a gear disc, enabling the plunger to rotate relative to the tubing. When the plunger becomes stuck in the tubing, the rotation of the plunger effectively breaks up the sand deposits between the plunger and the tubing, reducing the friction caused by sand accumulation and thus effectively relieving the pump jamming phenomenon. In addition, a second motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, causing the first connecting seat to move along the lead screw direction. The connecting rod assembly can unfold and contact the inner wall of the tubing to achieve anchoring, thereby ensuring that the sucker rod is firmly fixed inside the tubing during the plunger rotation, preventing the sucker rod from rotating when the plunger rotates, and thus preventing unnecessary rotation of the wire rope. This structural design effectively ensures the smooth progress of the pump jamming release operation and improves the stability and efficiency of the oil pump.

[0022] (2) By incorporating a retaining element on the connecting rod assembly, the arc-shaped retaining portion can better contact the inner wall of the tubing, increasing friction and contact area, thereby enhancing the anchoring effect of the connecting rod assembly. The arc-shaped design can adapt to the curve of the tubing's inner wall, providing more uniform support force, preventing slippage or misalignment of the sucker rod during plunger rotation or other operations, ensuring smooth release of the stuck pump. In addition, the arc-shaped retaining structure can form a relatively smooth contact surface when in contact with the tubing, reducing direct impact or sharp friction, lowering mechanical wear, and extending the service life of the connecting rod assembly and other key components.

[0023] (3) By setting a spiral groove on the outer surface of the plunger, when the plunger makes a downstroke, most of the oil in the oil pipe will enter the oil inlet chamber of the plunger through the traveling valve, and then flow to the upper end of the plunger. In addition, a small part of the oil will enter the spiral groove and flow upward through the oil outlet hole to the upper end of the plunger. During this process, the sand particles in the oil will flow to the upper end of the plunger along the spiral groove. The spiral groove guides the flow of oil and the sand particles to be discharged, avoiding the accumulation of sand particles between the plunger and the oil pipe contact surface, and reducing the occurrence of jamming between the plunger and the oil pipe caused by sand particles.

[0024] (4) By setting up a sand-prevention structure, the sand-prevention plate is designed as an inclined annular structure. During the flow of oil, it is guided in a certain direction, and heavier sand particles have a greater chance to settle to the bottom along the inclined surface. This reduces the likelihood of sand particles passing through the oil inlet gap with the oil flow, thus reducing the possibility of sand particles entering the cylinder through the oil inlet. Furthermore, the annular shape of the sand-prevention plate helps to form multi-layered flow paths and stratified filtration. When the oil flows through these annular structures, it is not only affected by the inclination but also diverted through multiple layers of the annular plate, resulting in a stronger filtration effect. The annular structure helps to slow down the oil flow rate, allowing sand particles sufficient time to settle and separate.

[0025] (5) By setting up the anti-sand structure, when the oil is pumped, the plunger moves upward to generate negative pressure, which causes the fixed valve to open. Under the action of negative pressure, the oil flows along the anti-sand plate and flows upward through the oil inlet gap. After the oil-gas mixture passes through the oil inlet gap, the oil and gas gradually separate. The gas in the oil floats upward and is discharged from the exhaust hole. The oil enters the cylinder through the oil inlet. Since the position of the oil inlet is lower than the upper end of the anti-sand plate, the gas will not enter the cylinder and will not enter the oil pipe. Thus, oil-gas separation and exhaust are achieved, preventing gas from entering the oil pump and causing the oil pump to lock up.

[0026] (6) Through the setting of the second anchoring mechanism, when the drive component moves the second connecting seat, it guides the unfolding of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly, thereby achieving anchoring to the well wall. Multiple umbrella-shaped rib assemblies form an umbrella-like structure, providing support and anchoring to the well wall. The design of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly effectively increases the contact area with the well wall when the structure unfolds, enhancing stability and thus preventing the tubing from swinging or shifting freely, reducing the risk of plunger jamming, ensuring the smooth operation of the pumping unit, reducing frictional contact with equipment such as wire ropes, and extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the oil pumping plunger assembly disclosed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the assembly structure of the wire rope and oil plunger assembly disclosed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the oil pump disclosed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0034] Figure 7This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oil pump disclosed in this invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic plan view of the assembly structure of the oil pipe and the second anchoring mechanism disclosed in this invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the oil pump disclosed in this invention within the wellbore;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the oil extraction vehicle disclosed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the oil extraction vehicle and the oil pump disclosed in this invention.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1. Sucker assembly; 11. Sucker rod; 12. Plunger; 13. Counterweight; 14. Rotating mechanism; 15. First anchoring mechanism; 141. First motor; 142. Gear; 143. Gear disc; 121. Inlet chamber; 122. Floating valve; 151. Second motor; 152. First lead screw; 153. First connecting seat; 154. Connecting rod assembly; 1541. First connecting rod; 1542. Second connecting rod; 111. Mounting cavity; 112. Mounting hole; 1543. Support; 1544. Support part; 123. Spiral groove; 124. Oil outlet; 125. Check valve;

[0041] 2. Oil pump; 21. Oil pipe; 22. Pump barrel; 23. Fixed valve; 24. Sandproof structure; 241. Cylinder body; 242. Sandproof plate; 240. Oil inlet gap; 2410. Oil inlet; 2411. Filter screen; 211. Vent hole; 25. Second anchoring mechanism; 251. Mounting sleeve; 252. Fixed seat; 253. Drive assembly; 254. Second connecting seat; 255. Umbrella rib assembly; 2511. Fixed section; 2512. Sliding section; 2511a. Receiving cavity; 2531. Third motor; 2532. Second lead screw; 2533. Nut seat; 2534. Drive rod; 2551. First rib; 2552. Second rib; 2553. Anchor;

[0042] 3. Oil production vehicle; 31. Chassis; 32. Winch; 33. Derrick; 34. Wire rope; G. Wellbore. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, combined with Figure 2-4 The present invention discloses an oil pump plunger assembly, including a sucker rod 11 and a plunger 12, wherein a counterweight 13 is provided at the bottom of the plunger 12.

[0046] In the existing technology, the wire rope 34 of the oil production vehicle 3 is connected to the plunger 12 through the sucker rod 11. The plunger 12 is pulled up and down by the wire rope 34 in the tubing 21 and cooperates with the pump barrel 22 at the bottom of the tubing 21 to realize the downhole oil pumping operation. The counterweight 13 provides gravity loading when the plunger 12 sinks, so that the plunger 12 can effectively sink into the bottom of the tubing 21.

[0047] Because downhole oil typically contains solid impurities of varying sizes, such as sand and rock cuttings, these impurities may enter the well along with the oil. As oil production operations continue for an extended period, these solid particles may deposit between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, leading to increased friction between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, and even causing the plunger 12 to become stuck.

[0048] Traditional pump jamming methods typically involve pulling the plunger 12 up and down using a steel cable 34. However, this method, relying solely on pulling, is insufficient to effectively remove impurities and sand particles between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21. In cases with a large amount of sand or deep deposits, simply pulling may not be enough to remove all the stuck material, and could even exacerbate friction, worsening the jamming. Furthermore, the traditional method of unblocking, relying solely on the steel cable 34, can cause excessive pulling force that could significantly impact other components of the pump 2, potentially damaging the equipment and halting production.

[0049] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: the lower end of the sucker rod 11 disclosed in the present invention is rotatably connected to the plunger 12, and the entire sucker plunger assembly also includes a rotating mechanism 14 and a first anchoring mechanism 15.

[0050] The plunger 12 has an inlet chamber 121 inside, and a traveling valve 122 at the bottom of the inlet chamber 121. When the plunger 12 moves downward in the tubing 21, the traveling valve 122 opens, and the oil in the tubing 21 enters the inlet chamber 121 through the traveling valve 122. When the plunger 12 moves upward in the tubing 21, the traveling valve 122 closes, and the oil is lifted out of the outlet of the tubing 21. At the same time, the plunger 12 generates suction inside the tubing 21, causing the oil in the wellbore to enter the tubing 21 through the oil pump.

[0051] The rotating mechanism 14 includes a first motor 141, a gear 142 and a gear disk 143. The first motor 141 is disposed inside the sucker rod 11, and the gear disk 143 is fixedly disposed at the top of the oil inlet chamber 121. The output shaft of the first motor 141 passes through the oil inlet chamber 121 and is meshed with the gear disk 143 through the gear 142.

[0052] In this technical solution, since the sucker rod 11 and plunger 12 are rotatably connected, when the plunger 12 becomes stuck between the plunger and the tubing 21, the first motor 141 provides rotational power. This rotational power is transmitted to the plunger 12 via gears 142 and a gear disc 143, causing the plunger 12 to rotate relative to the tubing 21. This rotational motion effectively breaks up sand deposits between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, reducing friction caused by sand accumulation. Combined with the up-and-down pulling of the wire rope 34, the sand between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21 can be more effectively removed, thus greatly improving the unblocking efficiency.

[0053] In conventional oil pump operation, as sand particles gradually accumulate between the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21, the frictional force gradually increases, eventually leading to pump jamming. However, by using the first motor 141 of this invention to drive the plunger 12 to rotate, compared to a simple up-and-down lifting motion, rotation causes a change in the friction angle between the contact surface of the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21. This more effectively prevents the continuous accumulation of sand particles and breaks up the deposited sand particles, reducing the frictional force between the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21. This not only helps to resolve pump jamming but also effectively reduces equipment damage caused by excessive friction, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0054] Since the first motor 141 is located in the sucker rod 11, when the first motor 141 drives the plunger 12 to rotate relative to the oil pipe 21, the rotational reaction force of the first motor 141 will drive the sucker rod 11 to rotate. Once the sucker rod 11 starts to rotate, it will cause the wire rope 34 to rotate. On the one hand, this will prevent the plunger 12 from rotating effectively relative to the oil pipe 21 and make it impossible to perform the unblocking operation. On the other hand, the rotation of the wire rope 34 will cause the wire rope 34 to be damaged.

[0055] To address this, the present invention also solves the above-mentioned problems through a first anchoring mechanism 15. Specifically, the first anchoring mechanism 15 includes a second motor 151, a first lead screw 152, a first connecting seat 153, and a connecting rod assembly 154. The second motor 151 is disposed inside the sucker rod 11, the first lead screw is rotatably disposed inside the sucker rod 11, and the output shaft of the second motor 151 is fixedly connected to the first lead screw. The first connecting seat 153 is threadedly connected to the first lead screw 152. Multiple connecting rod assemblies 154 are evenly arranged around the central axis of the sucker rod 11. One end of the connecting rod assembly 154 is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod 11, and the other end moves into the interior of the sucker rod 11 and is hinged to the first connecting seat 153. The connecting rod assembly 154 can be unfolded relative to the sucker rod 11 to anchor the inner wall of the tubing 21.

[0056] Using the above technical solution, the second motor 151 drives the first lead screw to rotate, thereby causing the first connecting seat 153, which is threadedly connected to it, to move along the lead screw direction. The connecting rod assembly 154 is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod 11 and to the first connecting seat 153 through its movable end, allowing it to unfold when needed, contact the inner wall of the tubing 21, and achieve anchoring. This structural design ensures that the sucker rod 11 can be firmly fixed inside the tubing 21 when the plunger 12 rotates, preventing the plunger 12 from rotating and causing the sucker rod 11 to rotate, thus avoiding unnecessary rotation of the wire rope 34 and ensuring smooth pump release operation.

[0057] The pump plunger assembly disclosed in this invention provides rotational power through a first motor 141, which is transmitted to the plunger 12 via a gear 142 and a gear disc 143, enabling the plunger 12 to rotate relative to the tubing 21. When the plunger 12 becomes stuck in the tubing 21, the rotation of the plunger 12 effectively breaks up sand deposits between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, reducing friction caused by sand accumulation and thus effectively relieving the pump jamming. Furthermore, a second motor 151 drives a first lead screw to rotate, causing the first connecting seat 153 to move along the lead screw direction. The connecting rod assembly 154 can unfold and contact the inner wall of the tubing 21 for anchoring, ensuring that the sucker rod 11 is firmly fixed inside the tubing 21 during the rotation of the plunger 12, preventing the plunger 12 from rotating the sucker rod 11 and thus preventing unnecessary rotation of the wire rope 34. This structural design effectively ensures the smooth operation of the pump jamming release, improving the stability and efficiency of the pump.

[0058] This invention illustrates a preferred structural embodiment of the connecting rod assembly 154. Specifically, the connecting rod assembly 154 includes a first connecting rod 1541 and a second connecting rod 1542. The sucker rod 11 has an internal mounting cavity 111. A first lead screw 152 and a first connecting seat 153 are disposed in the mounting cavity 111. The side wall of the sucker rod 11 has a mounting hole 112 communicating with the mounting cavity 111. The lower end of the first connecting rod 1541 is hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod 1542. The lower end of the second connecting rod 1542 is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod 11. The upper end of the first connecting rod 1541 passes through the mounting hole 112 and is hinged to the first connecting seat 153.

[0059] The mounting hole 112 provides space and path for the hinge and movement of the link assembly 154, allowing the link to be properly connected to the first connecting seat 153 and anchored to the inner wall of the tubing 21 when needed.

[0060] By hinged to the first connecting seat 153, the first connecting rod 1541 can drive the second connecting rod 1542 to unfold when the first lead screw 152 rotates, thereby achieving contact between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the tubing 21 and completing the anchoring. Specifically, when the first connecting seat 153 moves downward along the first lead screw 152, the angle between the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 decreases. At this time, the first connecting rod 1541 swings downward relative to the sucker rod 11, causing the hinge point of the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 to move towards the inner wall of the tubing 21. This allows the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 to unfold and then abut against the inner wall of the tubing 21 through the hinge point, thus completing the anchoring of the sucker rod 11 and the inner wall of the tubing 21.

[0061] When the inner wall anchoring of the sucker rod 11 and the tubing 21 is not required, the first lead screw 152 can be rotated in the opposite direction, causing the first connecting seat 153 to move upward relative to the first lead screw 152. Under the drive of the first connecting seat 153, the included angle between the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 increases, and at the same time, the hinge point of the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 is disengaged from the tubing 21, thereby releasing the anchoring between the sucker rod 11 and the tubing 21.

[0062] In the above embodiment, the anchoring operation between the sucker rod 11 and the inner wall of the tubing 21 is established by the hinge point of the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 abutting against the inner wall of the tubing 21. Since the connection point of the first connecting rod 1541 and the second connecting rod 1542 is a sharp-angled structure, the contact area between this structure and the inner wall of the tubing 21 is small, resulting in insufficient anchoring force and slippage. This causes the sucker rod 11 to rotate when the plunger 12 rotates. Furthermore, when the sharp-angled structure is anchored to the inner wall of the tubing 21 and slippage occurs, the sharp-angled structure will create scratches on the inner wall of the tubing 21. This will cause sand particles to deposit in the scratches during subsequent oil extraction, increasing the friction between the sand particles and the plunger 12, which will also lead to frequent pump jamming during subsequent oil extraction.

[0063] Therefore, the present invention also discloses the following solution.

[0064] Specifically, the connecting rod assembly 154 also includes a retaining member 1543, the two ends of which are hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod 1542 and the lower end of the first connecting rod 1541, respectively. The retaining member 1543 has an arc-shaped retaining portion 1544 on the side away from the sucker rod 11.

[0065] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped support portion 1544 can better contact the inner wall of the tubing 21, increasing friction and contact area, thereby enhancing the anchoring effect of the connecting rod assembly 154. The arc-shaped design can adapt to the curve of the inner wall of the tubing 21, providing more uniform support force, ensuring that the sucker rod 11 will not slip or misalign during the rotation of the plunger 12 or other operations, thus guaranteeing smooth pump release. In addition, the arc-shaped support portion 1544 structure can form a relatively smooth contact surface when in contact with the tubing 21, reducing direct impact or sharp friction, reducing mechanical wear, and extending the service life of the connecting rod assembly 154 and other key components.

[0066] Since the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21 need to slide up and down, and the outer surface of the plunger 12 is usually made of plastic in order to achieve a seal between the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21, the plastic material has a certain degree of elasticity. This makes it easier for sand particles to enter between the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21 during the oil pumping process. When a lot of sand particles accumulate, it is easier to cause the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21 to get stuck.

[0067] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: a spiral groove 123 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the plunger 12, and the lower end opening of the spiral groove 123 extends to the bottom surface of the plunger 12. Thus, the oil in the oil pipe 21 can enter from the lower end of the spiral groove 123. The top surface of the plunger 12 has an oil outlet hole 124 that communicates with the upper end opening of the spiral groove 123, and a one-way valve 125 is provided at the oil outlet hole 124.

[0068] Using the above technical solution, when the plunger 12 performs its downstroke, most of the oil in the oil pipe 21 will enter the oil inlet chamber 121 of the plunger 12 through the traveling valve 122, and then flow to the upper end of the plunger 12. In addition, a small portion of the oil will enter the spiral groove 123 and flow upward along the spiral groove 123 through the oil outlet 124 to the upper end of the plunger 12. During this process, sand particles in the oil will flow to the upper end of the plunger 12 along the spiral groove 123. The spiral groove 123 guides the flow of oil and discharges sand particles, preventing sand particles from accumulating between the contact surfaces of the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21, and reducing the occurrence of jamming between the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21 caused by sand particles.

[0069] In the above embodiment, when the plunger 12 is in the downstroke, the one-way valve 125 opens, and the oil flows through the spiral groove 123 and the oil outlet 124 to the upper end of the plunger 12. When the plunger 12 is in the upstroke, the one-way valve 125 closes, and the oil is confined to the upper end of the plunger 12, which facilitates the extraction of the oil. During the oil extraction process, sand particles in the oil are also extracted, which can be used for subsequent oil separation.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] The present invention also discloses an oil pump 2, as shown in the attached drawing. Figure 5-9 As shown, it includes an oil pipe 21, a pump barrel 22, and a plunger assembly according to one embodiment. The pump barrel 22 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the oil pipe 21, and a fixed valve 23 is provided at the bottom of the pump barrel 22. The plunger assembly is installed in the oil pipe 21, and the plunger 12 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the oil pipe 21. A sand-proof structure 24 is also provided between the pump barrel 22 and the oil pipe 21.

[0072] Using the above technical solution, when the oil pump is in use, the pump barrel 22 is installed at the lower end of the tubing 21, and then the tubing 21 is lowered into the wellbore. The upper end of the tubing 21 is fixed to the wellhead. The pump is connected to the sucker rod 11 of the sucker plunger assembly via the wire rope 34 of the oil production vehicle 3. The sucker plunger assembly can then perform a stroke operation in the tubing. During the upstroke operation, oil is sucked in. At this time, the traveling valve 122 on the plunger 12 is closed, and the fixed valve 23 on the pump barrel 22 is opened, allowing oil to enter the plunger 12 from the wellbore. In the oil pipe 21 between the pump barrel 22 and the pump cylinder 22, when the downstroke operation is performed, the wire rope 34 is lowered, and the entire sucker plunger assembly moves closer to the pump barrel 22 along the oil pipe 21 under the action of gravity. At this time, the fixed valve 23 of the pump barrel 22 is closed, and the floating valve 122 of the plunger 12 is opened. This allows the oil at the upper end of the pump barrel 22 to flow into the upper end of the plunger 12. When pumping oil, the sucker plunger assembly is lifted by the wire rope 34, which can lift the oil at the upper end of the plunger 12 to the top of the oil pipe 21 and transport it to the oil storage container through the oil receiving pipe 21.

[0073] By setting a sand-proof structure 24 between the pump barrel 22 and the oil pipe 21, the occurrence of sand particles entering the oil pipe 21 through the pump barrel 22 can be reduced, thereby reducing the phenomenon of the plunger 12 and the oil pipe 21 getting stuck due to sand particles.

[0074] This invention discloses a preferred structural method of the sand-proof structure 24. Specifically, the sand-proof structure 24 includes a cylinder 241 and sand-proof plates 242. The bottom end of the cylinder 241 is closed, and the upper end of the cylinder 241 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pump cylinder 22. Multiple sand-proof plates 242 are provided and are equally spaced between the cylinder 241 and the oil pipe 21 along the axial direction of the cylinder 241. The sand-proof plates 242 are inclined ring structures. The lower end of the sand-proof plates 242 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 241. There is an oil inlet gap 240 between the upper end of the sand-proof plates 242 and the oil pipe 21. Several oil inlets 2410 are opened at the connection between the cylinder 241 and the sand-proof plates 242. The oil inlets 2410 are equipped with filters 2411.

[0075] By adopting the above technical solution, the sand-proof plate 242 is designed as an inclined ring structure, and the oil is guided in a certain direction during the flow process. The heavier sand particles have a greater chance to settle to the bottom along the inclined surface during this process, reducing the situation where sand particles pass through the oil inlet gap 240 with the flow of oil, thereby reducing the situation where sand particles enter the cylinder 241 through the oil inlet 2410.

[0076] The sand-blocking plate 242 is annular, and its shape facilitates the formation of multi-layered flow paths and stratified filtration. As oil flows through these annular structures, it is not only affected by the inclination but also diverted through multiple layers of the annular plate, resulting in a stronger filtration effect. The annular structure helps slow down the oil flow rate, allowing sand particles sufficient time to settle and separate.

[0077] Through the oil inlet 2410, the oil, after further filtration and sedimentation, enters the cylinder 241 through these inlets, and then, through continuous suction, enters the upper end of the pump cylinder 22. The oil inlet 2410 is equipped with a filter screen 2411, which can effectively filter solid particles such as sand from the oil, thereby greatly reducing the sand content in the oil pipe 21.

[0078] The sand guard 242 is designed with an inclined ring structure, which mainly enhances the settling effect of sand particles through the synergistic effect of gravity, centrifugal force, and the ring structure, preventing them from entering the oil pipe 21 with the oil. The inclined design allows sand particles to settle towards the lower end of the sand guard 242, while the filter screen 2411 and oil inlet 2410 further help filter and clean the oil, thereby effectively reducing the risk of sand particles entering the oil pipe 21 and thus reducing the phenomenon of plunger 12 sticking to the pump caused by sand particles.

[0079] As some preferred embodiments, the sidewall of the oil pipe 21 corresponding to the pump barrel 22 and the adjacent sandproof plate is provided with a number of vent holes 211.

[0080] During oil extraction, the plunger 12 moves upward to generate negative pressure, causing the fixed valve 23 to open. Under the action of negative pressure, the oil flows along the anti-sand plate 242 and upward through the oil inlet gap 240. After the oil-gas mixture passes through the oil inlet gap 240, the oil and gas gradually separate. The gas in the oil floats upward and is discharged from the vent hole 211. The oil then enters the cylinder 241 through the oil inlet 2410. Since the position of the oil inlet 2410 is lower than the upper end of the anti-sand plate 242, the gas will not enter the cylinder 241 and will not enter the oil pipe 21. This achieves oil-gas separation and venting, preventing gas from entering the oil pump 2 and causing air lock in the oil pump 2.

[0081] Due to the considerable depth of the downhole oil layer, the tubing 21, after being spliced ​​into the wellbore, is quite long. Typically, only the upper end of the tubing 21 and the wellhead are secured with a wellhead fixing device, while the lower end of the tubing 21 remains free in the lower part of the wellbore. Since the pump barrel 22 is located at the bottom of the tubing 21, the lower end of the tubing 21 may experience slight swaying due to the pump's stroke during the plunger 12's stroke. This swaying could not only cause the tubing 21 and plunger 12 to jam, but also exacerbate the uneven wear between the tubing 21 and the wire rope 34, affecting the normal operation of the tubing 21 and the efficiency of the pump 2.

[0082] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts a solution in which a second anchoring mechanism 25 is fixedly installed on the lower side wall of the oil pipe 21. The second anchoring mechanism 25 includes an installation sleeve 251, a fixing seat 252, a driving component 253, a second connecting seat 254, and multiple umbrella-rib components 255.

[0083] Specifically, the mounting sleeve 251 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the lower end of the oil pipe 21. The mounting sleeve 251 includes a fixed section 2511 and a sliding section 2512 connected to each other. The fixed section 2511 is located above the sliding section 2512, and the diameter of the sliding section 2512 is smaller than the diameter of the fixed section 2511. The fixed section 2511 is used to install the drive assembly 253, and the sliding section 2512 is used to install the fixing seat 252, the second connecting seat 254, and multiple umbrella-rib assemblies 255.

[0084] The fixed seat 252 is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding section 2512 away from the fixed section 2511. The second connecting seat 254 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the sliding section 2512. Multiple umbrella-shaped rib assemblies 255 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral side of the sliding section 2512. One end of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly 255 is hinged to the second connecting seat 254, and the other end is hinged to the fixed seat 252. There are several driving assemblies 253 evenly distributed in the fixed section 2511. The driving assemblies 253 are used to drive the second connecting seat 254 to slide along the axial direction of the sliding section 2512, so as to drive the umbrella-shaped rib assembly 255 to expand outward relative to the sliding section 2512 to anchor the well wall.

[0085] The second connecting seat 254 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the sliding section 2512. Connected to the sliding section 2512, it is responsible for transmitting torque and supporting the operation of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly 255. When the drive assembly 253 moves the second connecting seat 254, it guides the unfolding of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly 255, thereby achieving anchoring to the wellbore. Multiple umbrella-shaped rib assemblies 255 form an umbrella-like structure, providing support and anchoring to the wellbore. The design of the umbrella-shaped rib assembly 255 effectively increases the contact area with the wellbore when the structure unfolds, enhancing stability and preventing free swaying or displacement of the tubing 21. This reduces the risk of the plunger 12 getting stuck, ensures the smooth operation of the pump 2, reduces frictional contact with equipment such as the wire rope 34, and extends the equipment's lifespan.

[0086] This invention discloses a preferred structural embodiment of the drive assembly 253. Specifically, the drive assembly 253 includes a third motor 2531, a second lead screw 2532, a nut seat 2533, and a drive rod 2534. A receiving cavity 2511a is provided within the fixed section 2511, providing a space for the drive assembly 253 to be placed and operate. The design of the receiving cavity 2511a ensures that the drive assembly 253 has a compact structure and is not easily affected by external environmental interference, while also facilitating the installation and maintenance of the drive assembly 253.

[0087] The third motor 2531 serves as the drive source, responsible for providing rotational power. Its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw 2532. The rotation of the motor is transmitted to the nut seat 2533 through the second lead screw 2532, thereby driving the movement of the drive rod 2534.

[0088] The second lead screw 2532 rotates in the axial direction of the fixed section 2511 within the receiving cavity 2511a. The rotation of the second lead screw 2532 converts the rotational motion into linear motion. The second lead screw 2532 is threadedly connected to the nut seat 2533. When rotating, it pushes the nut seat 2533 to move axially.

[0089] The nut seat 2533 is threadedly connected to the second lead screw 2532 and moves axially as the lead screw rotates. The nut seat 2533 drives the drive rod 2534 to move through its connection with the drive rod 2534.

[0090] One end of the drive rod 2534 is fixedly connected to the nut seat 2533, and the other end moves through the outside of the fixed section 2511 and is fixedly connected to the second connecting seat 254. The movement of the drive rod 2534 causes the second connecting seat 254 to slide axially on the sliding section 2512, thereby causing the umbrella-rib assembly 255 to unfold and complete the anchoring of the well wall.

[0091] By setting multiple drive components 253, a large driving force can be provided to ensure the effective deployment of multiple umbrella-rib components 255, thereby achieving reliable anchoring of the tubing 21 and the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0092] The umbrella rib assembly 255 includes a first rib 2551, a second rib 2552, and an anchor 2553. The first rib 2551 and the second rib 2552 are respectively hinged to the anchor 2553. The end of the first rib 2551 away from the anchor 2553 is hinged to the second connecting seat 254, and the end of the second rib 2552 away from the anchor 2553 is hinged to the fixing seat 252.

[0093] The first reinforcing rod 2551 and the second reinforcing rod 2552 are hinged to the anchor 2553, forming the support frame of the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255. They cooperate with each other through the hinge points when the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255 is deployed, providing support and stability. The end of the first reinforcing rod 2551 furthest from the anchor 2553 is hinged to the second connecting seat 254. The movement of the second connecting seat 254 will cause the first reinforcing rod 2551 to deploy, thereby further expanding the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255. The end of the second reinforcing rod 2552 furthest from the anchor 2553 is hinged to the fixed seat 252. The stability of the fixed seat 252 provides support for the second reinforcing rod 2552, enabling the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255 to form a stable support structure when deployed. The anchor 2553, as the connection point of the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255, serves to connect and fix the reinforcing rods, and ensures that the umbrella-shaped reinforcing rod assembly 255 can be firmly anchored to the well wall after deployment.

[0094] By integrating the second anchoring mechanism 25 into the lower end of the tubing 21, the entire second anchoring mechanism 25 has a compact structure, which effectively improves the compactness, reliability, ease of installation, and operational efficiency of the pumping unit 2. This design not only reduces the number of components but also improves the stability and durability of the equipment, reduces the failure rate, and optimizes the control precision and stability during operation. For deep wells or operations in special environments, the integrated anchoring mechanism has unique advantages, improving the overall performance and efficiency of the equipment.

[0095] It should be noted that, in the second anchoring mechanism 25 mentioned above, the way to provide power to the third motor 2531 can be by directly connecting one end of the cable to the third motor 2531 and the other end to the ground power supply equipment.

[0096] Of course, as some other implementations, a battery and a wireless control module can be installed inside the fixed section 2511. The battery powers the third motor 2531, and the wireless control module can receive ground signals to control the operation of the third motor 2531.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] This invention also discloses an oil extraction vehicle 3, as shown in the attached drawing. Figure 10-11 As shown, it includes a chassis 31 and a winch 32 and a derrick 33 mounted on the chassis 31. A steel wire rope 34 is wound around the end of the derrick 33. One end of the steel wire rope 34 is connected to the winch 32, and the other end is used to detachably and fixedly connect to the sucker rod 11 in the oil pump 2 described in Embodiment 2.

[0099] During oil extraction, the oil pump is installed beforehand. In use, the pump barrel 22 is installed at the lower end of the tubing 21, and then the tubing 21 is lowered into the wellbore. The upper end of the tubing 21 is fixed to the wellhead, and the lower end of the tubing 21 is anchored to the inner wall of the wellbore via the second anchoring mechanism 25. The hydraulic system on the oil extraction vehicle 3 drives the derrick 33 to stand upright on the bottom surface. Then, the wire rope 34 is connected to the sucker rod 11 of the sucker plunger assembly. Under the action of the winch 32, the wire rope 34 moves up and down, thereby performing up and down strokes on the sucker plunger assembly within the tubing 21 to achieve the oil extraction operation.

[0100] When the plunger 12 becomes stuck between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, the first anchoring mechanism 15 anchors the sucker rod 11 and the tubing 21. Then, the rotating mechanism 14 rotates the plunger 12 relative to the tubing 21. This rotational motion effectively breaks up the sand deposits between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21, reducing the friction caused by sand accumulation. By combining this with the up-and-down pulling of the wire rope 34, the sand between the plunger 12 and the tubing 21 can be removed more effectively, thus greatly improving the unblocking efficiency.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sucker plunger assembly, comprising a sucker rod (11) and a plunger (12), wherein a counterweight (13) is provided at the bottom of the plunger (12), characterized in that: The upper end of the sucker rod (11) is detachably connected to the wire rope (34) of the oil production vehicle (3), and the lower end of the sucker rod (11) is rotatably connected to the plunger (12). It also includes a rotating mechanism (14) and a first anchoring mechanism (15). The rotating mechanism (14) includes a first motor (141), a gear (142) and a gear disc (143). The plunger (12) has an oil inlet chamber (121) inside, and a floating valve (122) is located at the bottom of the oil inlet chamber (121). The first motor (141) is located inside the sucker rod (11), and the gear disc (143) is fixedly located at the top of the oil inlet chamber (121). The output shaft of the first motor (141) passes into the oil inlet chamber (121) and is connected to the gear disc (143) through the gear (142). The first anchoring mechanism (15) includes a second motor (151), a first lead screw (152), a first connecting seat (153), and a connecting rod assembly (154). The second motor (151) is located inside the sucker rod (11), the first lead screw is rotatably located inside the sucker rod (11), and the output shaft of the second motor (151) is fixedly connected to the first lead screw. The first connecting seat (153) is threadedly connected to the first lead screw (152). Multiple connecting rod assemblies (154) are evenly arranged around the central axis of the sucker rod (11). One end of the connecting rod assembly (154) is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod (11), and the other end moves into the inside of the sucker rod (11) and is hinged to the first connecting seat (153). The connecting rod assembly (154) can be unfolded relative to the sucker rod (11) to anchor the inner wall of the tubing (21).

2. The oil pump plunger assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly (154) includes a first connecting rod (1541) and a second connecting rod (1542). The sucker rod (11) has an internal mounting cavity (111). The first lead screw (152) and the first connecting seat (153) are disposed in the mounting cavity (111). The side wall of the sucker rod (11) is provided with a mounting hole (112) communicating with the mounting cavity (111). The lower end of the first connecting rod (1541) is hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod (1542). The lower end of the second connecting rod (1542) is hinged to the outer wall of the sucker rod (11). The upper end of the first connecting rod (1541) passes through the mounting hole (112) and is hinged to the first connecting seat (153).

3. The oil pump plunger assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly (154) further includes a retaining member (1543), the two ends of which are hinged to the upper end of the second connecting rod (1542) and the lower end of the first connecting rod (1541), respectively. The side of the retaining member (1543) away from the sucker rod (11) has an arc-shaped retaining portion (1544).

4. The oil pump plunger assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (12) has a spiral groove (123) on its outer circumferential surface. The lower end opening of the spiral groove (123) extends to the bottom surface of the plunger (12). The top surface of the plunger (12) has an oil outlet hole (124) that communicates with the upper end opening of the spiral groove (123). A one-way valve (125) is provided at the oil outlet hole (124).

5. An oil pump comprising the oil plunger assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes an oil pipe (21) and a pump barrel (22). The pump barrel (22) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the oil pipe (21). A fixed valve (23) is installed at the bottom of the pump barrel (22). The oil pumping plunger assembly is installed in the oil pipe (21). The plunger (12) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the oil pipe (21). A sand-proof structure (24) is also provided between the pump barrel (22) and the oil pipe (21).

6. The oil pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The sand-proof structure (24) includes a cylinder (241) and a sand-proof plate (242). The bottom end of the cylinder (241) is closed, and the upper end of the cylinder (241) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pump cylinder (22). Multiple sand-proof plates (242) are provided and are evenly spaced between the cylinder (241) and the oil pipe (21) along the axial direction of the cylinder (241). The sand-proof plate (242) is an inclined ring structure. The lower end of the sand-proof plate (242) is fixedly connected to the cylinder (241). There is an oil inlet gap (240) between the upper end of the sand-proof plate (242) and the oil pipe (21). Several oil inlets (2410) are opened at the connection between the cylinder (241) and the sand-proof plate (242). A filter screen (2411) is provided on the oil inlet (2410).

7. The oil pump as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The sidewall of the oil pipe (21) between the pump barrel (22) and the adjacent sandproof plate is provided with several vent holes (211).

8. The oil pump as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end sidewall of the oil pipe (21) is fixedly provided with a second anchoring mechanism (25), which includes an installation sleeve (251), a fixing seat (252), a drive assembly (253), a second connecting seat (254), and multiple umbrella-rib assemblies (255). The mounting sleeve (251) is fixedly disposed on the outer side wall of the lower end of the oil pipe (21). The mounting sleeve (251) includes a fixed section (2511) and a sliding section (2512) connected to each other. The fixed section (2511) is located above the sliding section (2512), and the diameter of the sliding section (2512) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed section (2511). The fixed seat (252) is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the sliding section (2512) away from the fixed section (2511), and the second connecting seat (254) is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the sliding section (2512); Multiple umbrella rib assemblies (255) are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the sliding section (2512). One end of the umbrella rib assembly (255) is hinged to the second connecting seat (254), and the other end is hinged to the fixed seat (252). There are several drive components (253) evenly distributed in the fixed section (2511). The drive components (253) are used to drive the second connecting seat (254) to slide along the axial direction of the sliding section (2512) so as to drive the umbrella rib assembly (255) to expand outward relative to the sliding section (2512) to anchor the well wall.

9. The oil pump as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed section (2511) is provided with a receiving cavity (2511a). The driving assembly (253) includes a third motor (2531), a second lead screw (2532), a nut seat (2533), and a driving rod (2534) disposed in the receiving cavity (2511a). The second lead screw (2532) is rotatably disposed in the receiving cavity (2511a) along the axial direction of the fixed section (2511). The output shaft of the third motor (2531) is fixedly connected to one end of the second lead screw (2532). The nut seat (2533) is threadedly connected to the second lead screw. One end of the driving rod (2534) is fixedly connected to the nut seat (2533), and the other end movably passes through the outside of the fixed section (2511) and is fixedly connected to the second connecting seat (254). The umbrella-shaped rib assembly (255) includes a first rib (2551), a second rib (2552), and an anchor (2553). The first rib (2551) and the second rib (2552) are respectively hinged to the anchor (2553). The end of the first rib (2551) away from the anchor (2553) is hinged to the second connecting seat (254), and the end of the second rib (2552) away from the anchor (2553) is hinged to the fixing seat (252).

10. An oil extraction vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a chassis (31) and a winch (32) and a derrick (33) mounted on the chassis (31). The end of the derrick (33) is wound with a wire rope (34). One end of the wire rope (34) is connected to the winch (32), and the other end is used for detachable and fixed connection with the sucker rod (11) in the oil pump (2) according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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