Jet drainage exhaust system
Through the jet drainage exhaust system, the principles of pressurized fan and shrinking pipe are used to solve the problems of energy waste and environmental comfort in mechanical ventilation technology, and efficient pollutant emissions and energy conservation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510269165.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
When dealing with indoor flue gas pollutants, existing mechanical ventilation technology consumes a large amount of indoor comfortable air, resulting in waste of energy, and requires the introduction of a large amount of outdoor fresh air to balance the indoor negative pressure and affect environmental comfort.
The jet drainage exhaust system is adopted to send outdoor air into the exhaust hood through a pressurized fan, and a high-speed air flow is formed using the principle of shrinking pipes, which quickly removes pollutants and is discharged to the atmospheric environment through purification equipment.
It reduces indoor air emission, reduces energy consumption, significantly improves the comfort of the indoor environment, and achieves the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Smart Images
Figure CN119844853A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] An energy-saving ventilation technology. Background Art
[0002] At present, mechanical ventilation is mostly used to treat flue gas pollutant emissions in indoor spaces. According to the conventional practice of mechanical ventilation, exhaust hoods, pipes, purification equipment, exhaust fans and other equipment are connected into a system, and the negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan is used to make the indoor air gather pollutants into the exhaust hood and exhaust them to the outside through the pipe system. This method will consume a lot of indoor comfortable air and cause energy loss. At the same time, in order to solve the indoor negative pressure problem, outdoor fresh air with a corresponding air volume has to be introduced. If the fresh air is pre-treated, it will lead to equipment investment and a lot of energy consumption. If the fresh air is not pre-treated, the comfort of the indoor environment will be reduced. Taking the catering industry as an example, in buildings with catering industry, the discharge of kitchen fumes usually adopts mechanical exhaust and mechanical air supply methods, using fume hoods (i.e. exhaust hoods, which are the same equipment as fume hoods, and are hood-type equipment used to collect pollutants. The catering industry calls them fume hoods, while ventilation professionals call them air collection hoods or exhaust hoods) to collect fumes, and the mechanical ventilation exhaust fan equipment creates negative pressure at the hood opening, and uses indoor air to carry the fumes and discharge them to the outdoors through pipes. This method requires a large negative pressure at the hood opening to allow indoor air to carry pollutants and discharge them. In order to maintain the indoor pressure balance, a large amount of outdoor fresh air is introduced by the air supply fan or through doors, windows and their gaps, and other parts connected to the outdoors, which reduces the comfort of the indoor environment and wastes energy. Especially for large catering places (such as canteens) and large shopping malls, indoor negative pressure has a great impact on the indoor environment in winter and summer. The entry of a large amount of outdoor air increases the load of heating and cooling, causing energy waste. In addition, the negative pressure makes the wind speed at the entrances and exits of such places very high, and it is even difficult to open the door, which greatly affects the comfort of the indoor environment. Taking Chinese restaurants as an example, according to the current design standards, the exhaust volume is designed based on a ventilation frequency of 40-60 times. If the ratio of dining room to kitchen is 1:1, then according to the volume of the dining area, the indoor air will be replaced with outdoor air 20-30 times per hour, an average of once every 2-3 minutes, which reduces the comfort of the dining area and also causes a huge waste of energy. Similar energy waste phenomena exist in places where pollutants need to be discharged from indoor spaces of buildings, such as commercial catering, canteens of government agencies and schools, laboratory ventilation, and home kitchens. Summary of the invention
[0003] The jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention can well solve the above problems caused by large negative pressure and save energy and reduce emissions at the same time. The core is the system solution and key components, which are as follows: The core system solution is to use outdoor air to carry away pollutants. By using a pressurized fan, the outdoor air is pressed into the air outlet near the exhaust hood and sent out to form a guided airflow, which mixes, guides, and captures pollutants to the exhaust hood outlet. At the same time, the outdoor air sent by the pressurized fan uses the shrink pipe principle to increase the airflow speed, and forms a negative pressure at the exhaust hood outlet to suck in pollutants, and uses the high-speed jet airflow generated by the shrink pipe to quickly carry away pollutants to the static pressure box. The pollutants in the static pressure box are discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust fan through the purification equipment. In specific applications, the system consists of a pressurized fan, an air supply duct, a split static pressure box, a tapered pipe component, an exhaust hood, Exhaust duct, static pressure box, purification equipment, exhaust fan, air volume regulating valve and duct accessories. The system process is that the booster fan pressurizes the outdoor air and then flows it to the diversion static pressure box in the pipeline system. The outdoor air is respectively directed to the exhaust hood and the tapered nozzle component. Part of the outdoor air is sent out from the air outlet near the exhaust hood, guiding and carrying pollutants to the outlet of the exhaust hood. At the same time, the negative pressure formed by part of the outdoor air flowing to the tapered nozzle component sucks the pollutants in the exhaust hood, and accelerates the high-speed airflow generated by the tapered pipe to quickly discharge the pollutants into the pipeline and into the static pressure box. The exhaust fan purifies the pollutants in the static pressure box through the purification equipment and then discharges them to the outside. The core key components are the pressurized fan, exhaust hood, tapered pipe component, and exhaust fan. Their characteristics are as follows: the pressurized fan brings in outdoor air and is the key equipment for using outdoor air. You can select a general product according to specific parameters. The exhaust hood needs to be customized according to the pollution source. It has the characteristics of having an internal sealed cavity or air duct reserved for the outdoor fresh air passage and a proper air outlet. Whether the tapered pipe component adopts a tapered or reduced pipe method, the purpose is to increase the speed of outdoor air to generate high-speed airflow and form negative pressure to inhale and quickly carry away pollutants. The exhaust fan is the key equipment for discharging pollutants. You can select a general product according to specific parameters. The jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention uses outdoor air instead of indoor air to carry away pollutants, and uses a contraction tube to solve the problem of excessive negative pressure, thereby greatly reducing the exhaust of indoor air and achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction; the components of the jet drainage exhaust system are adjusted in a targeted manner according to different application sites or types of pollutants, but the above core remains unchanged.
[0004] Taking the catering industry as an example, the application of the present invention and the energy-saving and emission-reduction effects are described as follows: In the application of kitchen fume exhaust in the catering industry, the present invention adopts a method of installing a converging nozzle component at the exhaust outlet of the exhaust hood (i.e., the exhaust fume hood), and the pressurized fan pressurizes the outdoor air to send it to the diversion static pressure box, and distributes it to the converging nozzle component, thereby causing a local negative pressure at the exhaust hood outlet. At the same time, another part of the outdoor air is distributed to the exhaust hood (i.e., the exhaust fume hood). According to the characteristics of kitchen fume generation, a trapezoidal guide baffle is installed in the exhaust fume hood to form a cavity. The static pressure of the outdoor air in the cavity is increased, and through the slender slit air outlets installed on the four sides of the exhaust fume hood suction port, under the action of the pressurized fan, the outdoor air is blown parallel to the exhaust fume hood outlet along the trapezoidal guide baffle, and the fume is brought to the exhaust fume hood outlet. Under the action of the negative pressure of the converging nozzle component, the mixture of the outdoor air and the kitchen fume enters the pipeline from the exhaust fume hood outlet, and is immediately carried into the static pressure box by the high-speed airflow formed by the converging nozzle component, and is discharged to the outdoors after purification under the action of the exhaust fan. According to the current design specifications, the exhaust volume of the catering industry is designed based on 40-60 ventilation times, but in actual use, it is basically based on 2000-3000 m per meter of fume hood. 3 / h wind volume to calculate the exhaust volume; if the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention is adopted, 50%-80% of the indoor exhaust air volume can be reduced and replaced with outdoor air, thereby saving energy and reducing emissions; Taking a university cafeteria in Beijing as an example, according to the parameters of air conditioning heating and cooling in winter and summer, every 1000 m 3 / h of air volume, it will reduce carbon emissions by 1.67T; if calculated according to the total air volume of all exhaust fans in this university and the annual operating time, the adoption of the present invention will reduce carbon emissions by 1951-3122 t per year, with obvious energy-saving and emission-reduction effects; The effect of energy saving and emission reduction is calculated as follows: (This table is based on the relevant parameters of air conditioning, refrigeration and heating in Beijing) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] Figure 1 The components of the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention are shown; Figure 2 The invention shows the flow splitting static pressure box and the converging nozzle components of the jet drainage exhaust system; Figure 3 The exhaust hood of the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention is an optimized solution of the exhaust hood (i.e., the exhaust hood) in the application scenario of kitchen exhaust fumes; Figure 4 It means that in the application scenario of the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention for kitchen fume removal, a parallel processing solution is adopted for multiple emission sources. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0006] Implementation steps: Because each exhaust system is unique, each system needs special design, construction and commissioning, as follows: Determine the types of pollution sources and the amount that needs to be discharged; Determine the size of the exhaust hood; Calculate system air volume distribution and size split plenum and reducer components; Calculate and design the size of the plenum tank; Calculate and draw the exhaust system diagram based on the actual situation on site, calculate the resistance, and select the fan and other equipment; On-site production and installation; Adjust the air volume and other parameters until they meet the usage requirements.
[0007] Kitchen fume exhaust application examples: Take a commonly used large gas stove in the kitchen as an example. The pollutants are mainly oil smoke. Due to the heat pressure, the oil smoke will rise. According to the size of the large stove, the size is calculated and determined as follows: The exhaust hood parameters are calculated as follows:
[0008] The calculation of the sum of the amount of oil smoke to be exhausted and the amount of air drawn by the exhaust hood is as follows:
[0009] The calculation of exhaust hood outlet parameters is as follows:
[0010] The calculation of the reducer component parameters is as follows:
[0011] The calculation of reducer performance is as follows:
[0012] The calculation of system air volume is as follows:
[0013] Based on the above, it can be known that the pressure blower should be allocated to the reducer with a flow rate of 500 m 3 / h, the flow rate allocated to the exhaust hood is 1051.19 m 3 / h, the total exhaust fan exhaust volume is 2506.81 m 3 / h; Determine the location of the smoke collector and liquid washing box and determine their size according to the space size; Draw the actual system diagram and calculate the resistance, and select the pressure fan and exhaust fan according to the purifier and other system equipment; On-site production and installation; By adjusting the air volume regulating valve, the system air volume and pressure can be adjusted to achieve the oil fume exhaust effect and balance; System material requirements: The material of the converging nozzle can be consistent with that of the air duct, and the connection with the air duct should be fully welded to ensure tightness and firmness; the converging nozzle, fume hood, smoke collection box, liquid washing box and the air ducts connected between them should be made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and easy to clean; The jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention can maintain the indoor negative pressure at about -30Pa and save at least 1551.19 m3 of indoor air. 3 / h, accounting for 61.8%; it can effectively save energy and achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Claims
1. The jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of energy waste and reduced indoor environmental comfort caused by large negative pressure in the current conventional exhaust system. The core is the system solution and key components, which are as follows: The core system solution is to use outdoor air to carry away pollutants. By using a pressurized fan, the outdoor air is pressed into the air outlet near the exhaust hood and sent out to form a guided airflow, which mixes, guides, and captures pollutants to the exhaust hood outlet. At the same time, the outdoor air sent by the pressurized fan uses the shrink pipe principle to increase the airflow speed, and forms a negative pressure at the exhaust hood outlet to suck in pollutants, and uses the high-speed jet airflow generated by the shrink pipe to quickly carry away pollutants to the static pressure box. The pollutants in the static pressure box are discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust fan through the purification equipment. In specific applications, the system consists of a pressurized fan, an air supply duct, a split static pressure box, a tapered pipe component, an exhaust hood, Exhaust duct, static pressure box, purification equipment, exhaust fan, air volume regulating valve and duct accessories. The system process is that the booster fan pressurizes the outdoor air and then flows it to the diversion static pressure box in the pipeline system. The outdoor air is respectively directed to the exhaust hood and the tapered nozzle component. Part of the outdoor air is sent out from the air outlet near the exhaust hood, guiding and carrying pollutants to the outlet of the exhaust hood. At the same time, the negative pressure formed by part of the outdoor air flowing to the tapered nozzle component sucks the pollutants in the exhaust hood, and accelerates the high-speed airflow generated by the tapered pipe to quickly discharge the pollutants into the pipeline and into the static pressure box. The exhaust fan purifies the pollutants in the static pressure box through the purification equipment and then discharges them to the outside. The core key components are the pressurized fan, exhaust hood, tapered pipe component, and exhaust fan. Their characteristics are as follows: the pressurized fan brings in outdoor air and is the key equipment for using outdoor air. You can select a general product according to specific parameters. The exhaust hood needs to be customized according to the pollution source. It has the characteristics of having an internal sealed cavity or air duct reserved for the outdoor fresh air passage and a proper air outlet. Whether the tapered pipe component adopts a tapered or reduced pipe method, the purpose is to increase the speed of outdoor air to generate high-speed airflow and form negative pressure to inhale and quickly carry away pollutants. The exhaust fan is the key equipment for discharging pollutants. You can select a general product according to specific parameters. The jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention uses outdoor air instead of indoor air to carry away pollutants, and uses a contraction tube to solve the problem of excessive negative pressure, thereby greatly reducing the exhaust of indoor air and achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction; the components of the jet drainage exhaust system are adjusted in a targeted manner according to different application sites or types of pollutants, but the above core remains unchanged.
2. According to claim 1, the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention has a pressurized fan as a core key component, whose function is to drive outdoor air into the jet drainage exhaust system and pass through the contraction tube (generating negative pressure and high-speed airflow) and the air outlet near the exhaust hood (forming a guided airflow).
3. According to claim 1, the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention has an exhaust hood as a core key component, whose function is to gather pollutants and form a guiding airflow with the outdoor air delivered by the pressurized fan described in claim 2, mix, guide and capture pollutants to the exhaust hood outlet. The exhaust hood can be made with an internal sealed cavity and an air outlet for conveying outdoor air, or it can be made in separate parts, but no matter what form it is, it is within the protection scope of this right.
4. According to claim 1, the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention has a tapered pipe component as a core key component, which uses the principle of tapered pipe to increase the speed of the outdoor air sent by the pressurized fan described in claim 2, forms a negative pressure at the exhaust hood port to inhale pollutants, and uses the high-speed jet airflow generated by the tapered pipe to quickly carry away the pollutants. The tapered pipe component is usually tapered in shape and can be adjusted according to specific actual conditions. However, no matter how it is adjusted, it is within the scope of protection of this right.
5. According to claim 1, the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention has an exhaust fan as a core key component, whose function is to relay the exhaust of the pollutant mixed gas delivered by the pressurized fan and send it to the purification equipment for purification and then discharge it to the outside.
6. According to claim 1, typical application scenarios of the jet drainage exhaust system of the present invention include commercial kitchens, canteens, laboratory ventilation, home kitchen fume exhaust, etc., but are not limited to the above scenarios. It is applicable to all scenarios where the present invention can be used for indoor pollutant emissions.