Fabricated substation construction method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of assembly type construction, and discloses an assembly type transformer substation construction method based on a BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, which comprises the following steps: step 1, decomposing a transformer substation project into standardized module units according to function and structure characteristics, each module unit comprises an equipment foundation module, a steel structure frame module, a pipe ditch module, a cable gallery module, an enclosure wall body module and an equipment interface module, and the geometric dimensions, material attributes and connection nodes of all the modules are defined in the decomposition process. A construction simulation model is generated by combining a BI model and a construction progress plan, the installation sequence, position information and connection operation of each module in a construction time period are decomposed, dynamic visual simulation is carried out by utilizing a virtual reality technology, and the installation positions, connection modes and node geometric relationships of the modules are visually displayed; accurate formulation and visual presentation of the construction plan are achieved, rework or delay caused by a plan blind area is avoided, and the effects of improving construction efficiency and scientificity are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated construction, and in particular to a prefabricated substation construction method based on BIM technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy and the advancement of urbanization, the demand for power infrastructure continues to grow, especially the construction of substations, which are the hubs of the power system. As a key node for power transmission and distribution, the construction scale and technical level of substations directly affect the safety, reliability and operation efficiency of the power grid. However, in the face of increasingly complex engineering requirements, traditional substation construction methods have exposed many technical and management bottlenecks:

[0003] In the traditional construction process, the design and construction stages are usually carried out independently. Conflicts and irrationalities in the design stage are difficult to discover in time during the construction process, resulting in high rework rates and low project efficiency. Especially in substation projects, which involve complex coordination issues in multiple fields such as civil engineering, electrical equipment and wiring, the traditional method lacks interdisciplinary collaborative design and dynamic adjustment means, which is prone to design conflicts and construction contradictions.

[0004] In traditional construction, on-site construction relies on manual experience and lacks systematic and precise control methods. The construction site environment is complex and changeable, and manual errors, equipment positioning deviations, and inaccurate assembly problems occur frequently, which are particularly prominent in prefabricated construction, directly affecting the stability and long-term safety of substation equipment operation.

[0005] Traditional construction methods lack refined management of the entire construction process. Construction progress, quality and accuracy cannot be monitored in real time. Information is fragmented and processes are opaque during the construction process, resulting in waste of construction resources, uneven progress and inefficient management.

[0006] After the substation is built, the operation and maintenance phase relies on traditional manual inspections and passive maintenance modes, which cannot monitor the equipment status in real time and perform predictive maintenance. The operation and maintenance management lacks data support from the construction and design phases, and the information island problem is serious, resulting in the inability to timely warn and quickly repair equipment failures, which increases operating costs and risks.

[0007] Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a construction method for an assembled substation based on BIM technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A construction method of an assembled substation based on BIM technology, comprising:

[0010] Step 1: Decompose the substation project into standardized module units according to its functional and structural characteristics. The module units include equipment foundation module, steel structure frame module, pipe trench module, cable corridor module, enclosure wall module and equipment interface module. In the decomposition process, the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection nodes of each module are defined to build the module parameter model in the subsequent steps.

[0011] Step 2: Based on the results of module unit decomposition, a standardized module parametric model is constructed in the BIM modeling tool. The module parametric model contains geometric dimensions, material properties and interface definitions, including the size parameters of length, width and height, as well as the rotation angle and interface information of the module. At the same time, the connection node relationship between modules is modeled to provide complete geometric and physical information input for subsequent collision detection and construction simulation;

[0012] Step 3: Based on the module model generated by parametric modeling, use BIM tools to perform collision detection between modules, detect whether there is overlap or conflict between the geometric volumes of the modules, mark the conflict points between the modules, analyze the geometric matching of the connection nodes, use the results of the collision detection as the input basis for the subsequent construction plan simulation, and adjust the position relationship of the modules to eliminate spatial conflicts;

[0013] Step 4: Combine the module parameter model after collision detection and adjustment with the construction schedule to establish a construction simulation model. The simulation model is used to decompose the installation sequence, location information and connection operations of each module during the construction period, and a module installation plan for each construction stage is generated. The construction simulation model contains the geometric parameters, node relationships and construction timeline of the module unit, providing a construction plan reference for subsequent data collection.

[0014] Step 5: According to the module installation plan of the construction simulation model, the actual position, size and installation angle data of each module are obtained on site through 3D laser scanning equipment and sensors. The data includes the 3D coordinates of the module, the alignment of the connection nodes and the installation angle of the module. The collected data is then compared with the design data in the construction simulation model to form an analysis report on the module installation deviation;

[0015] Step 6: According to the module installation deviation obtained from data collection and analysis, adjust the position and angle of the module, and ensure that the module installation deviation is within the design range through high-precision laser positioning equipment and auxiliary assembly equipment. The alignment relationship of the module connection nodes meets the geometric definition of the parametric model. At the same time, write the adjusted position parameters back to the construction simulation model to provide dynamic optimization input data for subsequent module installation.

[0016] Step 7. After precise assembly is completed, the parametric model of the construction phase is integrated with the actual module installation data recorded during construction to form a BIM-based digital twin model. The digital twin model contains the geometric parameters, connection relationships and operating status of the module, and deploys sensors to achieve real-time monitoring of the module operating status, providing complete historical construction data and real-time operating data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance of the substation.

[0017] Preferably, in the process of module unit decomposition in step 1, the module geometric dimensions and connection node definitions satisfy the following constraints:

[0018] V=L x ·L y H,

[0019] Where V is the volume of the module, L x , L y , H is the length, width and height of the module, and the geometric characteristics N of the connecting nodes c Establish matching conditions between modules:

[0020] N c ={n1, n2, n3, ..., n k},

[0021] Among them, N c Represents the set of connected nodes, n k is the attribute of the kth connected node.

[0022] Preferably, in the step 5 data collection, the three-dimensional coordinates P of the module are collected by a three-dimensional laser scanning device. m :

[0023] P m ={(x m ,y m , z m )},

[0024] Among them, x m ,y m 、z m For point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, and with the design coordinates P d Compare and analyze the position deviation P:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, x d ,y d 、z d For point P d The coordinates, x m ,y m 、zm For point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, P represents point P m and point P d The Euclidean distance between .

[0027] Preferably, in step 7, the digital twin model is constructed in the following manner:

[0028] D twin =BIM+D IoT ,

[0029] Among them, D twin is a digital twin model, BIM is a parametric model in the construction phase, IoT Real-time data collected by sensors;

[0030] The data include temperature and humidity, stress and operating status.

[0031] Preferably, the module operation status recorded in the digital twin model meets the real-time monitoring conditions, and the module operation deviation is calculated by the following formula:

[0032] F d =|V real -V design |,

[0033] Among them, F d is the running state deviation, V real is the real-time status value of the module, V design Design state values ​​for modules.

[0034] Preferably, the construction simulation model in step 4 is dynamically decomposed in combination with the installation sequence and time axis of the module connection nodes, and the module installation plan satisfies the following constraints:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, T i represents the installation time of the i-th module, L i represents the total man-hours of the construction task, V i represents the volume of the i-th module, R i Indicates the installation rate of the module.

[0037] Preferably, the construction simulation model is combined with virtual reality technology to generate dynamic visual simulation, and the simulation content includes the installation position, connection mode and node geometric relationship of the module, and the installation position and node matching conditions meet the following geometric constraints: G n ={(x n ,y n , z n )},

[0038] Among them, G n is the geometric coordinate set of the connection node, x n ,y n 、z n It is the coordinate of the node in three-dimensional space. The node coordinate is compared with the actual installation position of the module in real time and dynamically updated in the BIM model.

[0039] Preferably, the module installation deviation collected by the three-dimensional laser scanning device is used to calculate the overall assembly deviation by the following formula:

[0040] Among them, E RMS is the root mean square error of assembly accuracy, P i is the installation deviation of the i-th module, n is the total number of modules, and the module installation sequence is dynamically optimized and adjusted based on the assembly accuracy, and the adjustment results are written back to the BIM construction simulation model.

[0041] Preferably, the sensor data in the digital twin model satisfies the following dynamic monitoring constraints:

[0042] D IoT ={T e , o e , r e},

[0043] Among them, T e Indicates the temperature data in the module operating environment. e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material,

[0044] The above parameters are collected in real time through sensors, and the data is transmitted to the digital twin model for predicting module operation deviations.

[0045] Preferably, the digital twin model realizes module life prediction by fusing historical data and real-time data, and the life prediction formula is:

[0046] Among them, L p is the predicted life of the module, S max is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the module material, o e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material,

[0047] f(o e , r e ) represents the real-time force comprehensive function of the module.

[0048] The present invention provides a method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. The present invention generates a construction simulation model by combining the BIM model with the construction schedule, decomposes the installation sequence, location information and connection operations of each module within the construction period, and uses virtual reality technology for dynamic visual simulation to intuitively display the installation position, connection method and node geometric relationship of the module, thereby achieving accurate formulation and intuitive presentation of the construction plan, avoiding rework or delays caused by blind spots in the plan, and improving construction efficiency and scientificity.

[0050] 2. The present invention uses three-dimensional laser scanning equipment and sensors to collect the installation position and angle data of the module in real time, combines the construction simulation model with the deviation analysis report, and uses high-precision laser positioning equipment and auxiliary assembly equipment to perform dynamic adjustments, thereby achieving real-time optimization and precise adjustment of the module installation deviation, thereby significantly improving construction accuracy, reducing human errors, and adapting to complex construction environments.

[0051] 3. The present invention constructs a BIM-based digital twin model by integrating the parametric model of the construction phase with the real-time data collected by sensors, monitors the module operating status and environmental parameters in real time, supports fault prediction, life assessment and predictive maintenance, and realizes intelligent operation and maintenance of the substation throughout its life cycle, thereby reducing equipment operation risks, improving operating efficiency and the level of intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0052] 4. The present invention integrates BIM models, construction dynamic adjustment data and real-time collected operation data in the design, construction and operation and maintenance stages to form a data closed-loop management system throughout the entire life cycle, so as to realize the feedback of dynamic adjustment data in construction to the design stage. The module operation data supports predictive maintenance and intelligent management of operation and maintenance, thereby improving the intelligent management capabilities of the project, optimizing the construction and operation and maintenance efficiency and supporting sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a partial embodiment of the present invention, not a complete embodiment. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0056] Example:

[0057] Please see attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing an assembled substation based on BIM technology, comprising:

[0058] Step 1: Decompose the substation project into standardized module units according to its functional and structural characteristics. The module units include equipment foundation module, steel structure frame module, pipe trench module, cable corridor module, enclosure wall module and equipment interface module. In the decomposition process, the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection nodes of each module are defined to build the module parameter model in the subsequent steps.

[0059] Step 2: Based on the results of module unit decomposition, a standardized module parametric model is constructed in the BIM modeling tool. The module parametric model contains geometric dimensions, material properties and interface definitions, including the size parameters of length, width and height, as well as the rotation angle and interface information of the module. At the same time, the connection node relationship between modules is modeled to provide complete geometric and physical information input for subsequent collision detection and construction simulation;

[0060] Step 3: Based on the module model generated by parametric modeling, use BIM tools to perform collision detection between modules, detect whether there is overlap or conflict between the geometric volumes of the modules, mark the conflict points between the modules, analyze the geometric matching of the connection nodes, use the results of the collision detection as the input basis for the subsequent construction plan simulation, and adjust the position relationship of the modules to eliminate spatial conflicts;

[0061] Step 4: Combine the module parameter model after collision detection and adjustment with the construction schedule to establish a construction simulation model. The simulation model is used to decompose the installation sequence, location information and connection operations of each module during the construction period, and a module installation plan for each construction stage is generated. The construction simulation model contains the geometric parameters, node relationships and construction timeline of the module unit, providing a construction plan reference for subsequent data collection.

[0062] Step 5: According to the module installation plan of the construction simulation model, the actual position, size and installation angle data of each module are obtained on site through 3D laser scanning equipment and sensors. The data includes the 3D coordinates of the module, the alignment of the connection nodes and the installation angle of the module. The collected data is then compared with the design data in the construction simulation model to form an analysis report on the module installation deviation;

[0063] Step 6: According to the module installation deviation obtained from data collection and analysis, adjust the position and angle of the module, and ensure that the module installation deviation is within the design range through high-precision laser positioning equipment and auxiliary assembly equipment. The alignment relationship of the module connection nodes meets the geometric definition of the parametric model. At the same time, write the adjusted position parameters back to the construction simulation model to provide dynamic optimization input data for subsequent module installation.

[0064] Step 7. After precise assembly is completed, the parametric model of the construction phase is integrated with the actual module installation data recorded during construction to form a BIM-based digital twin model. The digital twin model contains the geometric parameters, connection relationships and operating status of the module, and deploys sensors to achieve real-time monitoring of the module operating status, providing complete historical construction data and real-time operating data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance of the substation.

[0065] Step 1 Benefits: Divide the substation project into standardized units such as equipment foundation module, steel structure frame module, pipe trench module, cable corridor module, enclosure wall module and equipment interface module, making the complex project clear and structured, providing a clear logical basis for subsequent design and construction. At the same time, define the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection nodes of each module, so that the module design has a high level of reusability and standardization, which can improve design efficiency and reduce repeated design work;

[0066] Step 2 Benefits: The standardized module parametric model built in the BIM modeling tool contains complete geometric and physical information such as geometric dimensions, material properties, and interface definitions, providing a high-precision digital foundation for subsequent collision detection and construction simulation. Through parametric design, the geometric information and connection relationship of the module can be quickly adjusted according to actual engineering needs, improving design flexibility and construction coordination;

[0067] Step 3 Benefits: Using BIM tools to perform collision detection on parametric models can effectively identify spatial conflicts and geometric volume overlaps between modules, and eliminate conflicts by adjusting the positional relationship of modules, avoiding errors on the construction site and significantly reducing the risk of rework. At the same time, the collision detection results provide reliable data support for subsequent construction simulation, ensuring that the construction plan is more reasonable and feasible;

[0068] Step 4 Benefits: The construction simulation model combines the construction schedule to decompose the module installation sequence, location information and connection operations within the construction period, forming a detailed installation plan for each construction stage. The simulation model provides clear construction guidance through intuitive visual presentation to avoid inefficient construction due to imperfect plans. In addition, the simulation model can be dynamically adjusted to provide accurate construction reference for subsequent data collection;

[0069] Step 5 Benefits: The actual position, size and installation angle data of each module are collected in real time through 3D laser scanning equipment and sensors, and compared with the design data in the construction simulation model, to intuitively identify the deviation problems in the module installation process. The analysis report of module installation deviation provides reliable data support for subsequent construction adjustments, improves construction accuracy, and promptly discovers and solves potential problems;

[0070] Step 6 Benefits: Use high-precision laser positioning equipment and auxiliary assembly equipment to adjust the position and angle of the module according to deviation analysis to ensure that the module installation deviation is within the design range and the module connection node alignment relationship meets the geometric definition of the parametric model. By writing the adjusted position parameters back to the construction simulation model, dynamic optimization input data is provided for the installation of subsequent modules, forming a closed construction loop and improving construction accuracy and efficiency;

[0071] Step 7 Benefits: Integrate the parametric model of the construction phase with the actual construction records to build a BIM-based digital twin model. The digital twin model contains the geometric parameters, connection relationships and operating status of the module. By deploying sensors, real-time monitoring of the module's operating status is achieved, supporting fault prediction, life assessment and intelligent operation and maintenance. With comprehensive historical construction data and real-time operation data support, the operation and maintenance management level of the substation is optimized, the operation and maintenance costs are significantly reduced, and the equipment operation reliability is improved.

[0072] In summary, the various steps of the present invention are carried out around the design, construction, and operation and maintenance needs of substations. Through modular design and decomposition, efficient standardization of complex substation projects is achieved. Through parametric modeling and collision detection, a high-precision, low-conflict solution basis is provided for construction. Through construction simulation models and data collection, the accuracy of construction plans and the dynamic adjustment capabilities of on-site construction are improved. Through precise assembly and digital twin technology, full life cycle data support is provided for subsequent operation and maintenance management, thereby optimizing the intelligent management level of substations.

[0073] Step 1 During the module unit decomposition process, the module geometry and connection node definitions satisfy the following constraints:

[0074] V=L x ·L y H,

[0075] Where V is the volume of the module, L x , L y , H is the length, width and height of the module, and the geometric characteristics N of the connecting nodes c Establish matching conditions between modules:

[0076] N c ={n1, n2, n3, ..., n k},

[0077] Among them, N c Represents the set of connected nodes, n k is the attribute of the kth connected node.

[0078] The standardization, accuracy and matching of modules in the design stage are ensured by the constraint relationship between geometric dimensions and connection nodes when the module units are decomposed. Standardized design improves the efficiency of modular design and parametric modeling, provides a scientific basis for factory prefabrication and on-site assembly, and effectively reduces the problems of design conflicts, transportation difficulties and on-site assembly errors. In addition, standardized geometric dimension constraints and connection node matching conditions can also optimize the space utilization of the construction site, improve the coordination and efficiency of the construction process, lay the foundation for the efficiency and accuracy of the construction process of prefabricated substations, and provide strong support for subsequent construction and operation and maintenance.

[0079] In step 5, the three-dimensional coordinates P of the module are collected by a three-dimensional laser scanning device. m :

[0080] P m ={(x m ,y m , z m )},

[0081] Among them, x m ,y m 、z m For point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, and with the design coordinates P d Compare and analyze the position deviation P:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, x d ,y d 、z d For point P d The coordinates of x m ,y m 、z m For point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, P represents point P m and point P d The Euclidean distance between .

[0084] The present invention realizes high-precision data collection and deviation analysis of the module position during the construction process by collecting the actual three-dimensional coordinates of the module through three-dimensional laser scanning equipment and analyzing the installation deviation in combination with the Euclidean distance formula. The implementation of this step effectively improves the accuracy of construction data collection, the real-time performance of deviation analysis, and the efficiency of dynamic adjustment, avoiding errors and construction rework problems caused by traditional manual measurement methods. In addition, the deviation analysis results can provide strong support for construction optimization and subsequent operation and maintenance data management, and significantly improve the quality control capability, construction efficiency, and management level of prefabricated substation construction.

[0085] In step 7, the digital twin model is constructed in the following way:twin =BIM+D IoT ,

[0086] Among them, D twin is a digital twin model, BIM is a parametric model in the construction phase, IoT Real-time data collected by sensors;

[0087] The data includes temperature, humidity, stress and operating status.

[0088] The module operation status recorded in the digital twin model meets the real-time monitoring conditions, and the module operation deviation is calculated by the following formula: F d =|V real -V design |,

[0089] Among them, F d is the running state deviation, V real is the real-time status value of the module, V design Design state values ​​for modules.

[0090] The digital twin model integrates the parametric model and real-time sensor data of the construction phase to achieve digital closed-loop management of the entire life cycle of substation design to operation and maintenance. By real-time monitoring of the module operation status and combining the operation deviation formula, the model can provide accurate operation deviation analysis, fault prediction and life assessment. Digital twin technology significantly improves the efficiency and intelligence level of substation operation and maintenance, enhances the safety and reliability of equipment operation, and provides innovative technical means for the efficient management of substations. Through high-precision three-dimensional visualization models and dynamic data monitoring, digital twin technology is of great significance in improving data sharing and management synergy, setting a new benchmark for the construction and management of modern substations.

[0091] Step 4 The construction simulation model is dynamically decomposed based on the installation sequence and timeline of the module connection nodes. The module installation plan satisfies the following constraints:

[0092] Among them, T i represents the installation time of the i-th module, L i represents the total man-hours of the construction task, V i represents the volume of the i-th module, R i Indicates the installation rate of the module.

[0093] The construction simulation model combines virtual reality technology to generate dynamic visual simulation. The simulation content includes the installation position, connection method and node geometric relationship of the module. The installation position and node matching conditions meet the following geometric constraints: G n ={(x n ,y n , z n)},

[0094] Among them, G n is the geometric coordinate set of the connection node, x n ,y n 、z n It is the coordinate of the node in three-dimensional space. The node coordinate is compared with the actual installation position of the module in real time and dynamically updated in the BIM model.

[0095] The present invention realizes precise control, dynamic adjustment and efficient optimization of the construction plan by combining the installation sequence and timeline of the module connection nodes with the construction simulation model. The constraint formula of the module installation time provides a scientific basis for time allocation, and the geometric matching constraint ensures the precise matching of the module position and the node. Combined with virtual reality technology, dynamic visual simulation is generated to provide intuitive display and dynamic adjustment capabilities for the construction process, effectively avoiding construction errors and rework. At the same time, the model promotes the coordination and information sharing of construction management, and provides high-quality construction history data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance stage. This step significantly improves the rationality of the construction plan, the controllability of the construction process, and the efficiency and quality level of the project.

[0096] The module installation deviation collected by the 3D laser scanning device is used to calculate the overall assembly deviation using the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, E RMS is the root mean square error of assembly accuracy, P i is the installation deviation of the i-th module, n is the total number of modules, and the module installation sequence is dynamically optimized and adjusted based on the assembly accuracy, and the adjustment results are written back to the BIM construction simulation model.

[0099] The present invention calculates the overall assembly deviation through the module installation deviation collected by the three-dimensional laser scanning equipment. It can achieve high-precision quantification and real-time monitoring of assembly deviations, and dynamically optimize the installation order of modules based on the deviation analysis results. The overall deviation calculation and dynamic optimization adjustment form a closed-loop optimization process in the construction phase, which significantly improves assembly accuracy, construction efficiency and flexibility, and reduces rework and resource waste caused by accumulated deviations. At the same time, by writing the adjustment results back to the BIM construction simulation model, a seamless connection between the actual construction data and the simulation model is established, providing important data support for subsequent construction optimization and operation and maintenance management. This step has significant advantages in improving construction quality, saving resource costs and promoting intelligent construction, and is an important innovation in the construction of prefabricated substations.

[0100] The sensor data in the digital twin model meets the following dynamic monitoring constraints:

[0101] D IoT ={Te , o e , r e},

[0102] Among them, T e Indicates the temperature data in the module operating environment. e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material,

[0103] The above parameters are collected in real time through sensors, and the data is transmitted to the digital twin model for predicting module operation deviations.

[0104] The digital twin model realizes module life prediction by fusing historical data and real-time data. The life prediction formula is:

[0105] Among them, L p is the predicted life of the module, S max is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the module material, o e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material,

[0106] f(o e , r e ) represents the real-time force comprehensive function of the module.

[0107] The present invention uses sensors to collect the operating environment parameters of the module in real time and transmits them to the digital twin model. Combined with the fusion analysis of historical data and real-time data, the present invention constructs a dynamic monitoring and life prediction system, which can accurately evaluate the remaining life of the module and provide a scientific basis for predictive maintenance. The dynamic monitoring of the digital twin model improves the safety and reliability of equipment operation, supports early detection of operating anomalies, and avoids sudden failures. At the same time, the model optimizes the operation and maintenance strategy through predictive maintenance, extends the service life of equipment, and reduces operation and maintenance costs. In addition, based on high-quality operation data, the digital twin model provides strong support for the implementation of intelligent operation and maintenance, laying a solid foundation for the full life cycle management and sustainable development of substations.

[0108] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an assembled substation based on BIM technology, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Decompose the substation project into standardized module units according to its functional and structural characteristics. The module units include equipment foundation module, steel structure frame module, pipe trench module, cable corridor module, enclosure wall module and equipment interface module. In the decomposition process, the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection nodes of each module are defined to build the module parameter model in the subsequent steps. Step 2: Based on the results of module unit decomposition, a standardized module parametric model is constructed in the BIM modeling tool. The module parametric model contains geometric dimensions, material properties and interface definitions, including the size parameters of length, width and height, as well as the rotation angle and interface information of the module. At the same time, the connection node relationship between modules is modeled to provide complete geometric and physical information input for subsequent collision detection and construction simulation; Step 3: Based on the module model generated by parametric modeling, use BIM tools to perform collision detection between modules, detect whether there is overlap or conflict between the geometric volumes of the modules, mark the conflict points between the modules, analyze the geometric matching of the connection nodes, use the results of the collision detection as the input basis for the subsequent construction plan simulation, and adjust the position relationship of the modules to eliminate spatial conflicts; Step 4: Combine the module parameter model after collision detection and adjustment with the construction schedule to establish a construction simulation model. The simulation model is used to decompose the installation sequence, location information and connection operations of each module during the construction period, and a module installation plan for each construction stage is generated. The construction simulation model contains the geometric parameters, node relationships and construction timeline of the module unit, providing a construction plan reference for subsequent data collection. Step 5: According to the module installation plan of the construction simulation model, the actual position, size and installation angle data of each module are obtained on site through 3D laser scanning equipment and sensors. The data includes the 3D coordinates of the module, the alignment of the connection nodes and the installation angle of the module. The collected data is then compared with the design data in the construction simulation model to form an analysis report on the module installation deviation; Step 6: According to the module installation deviation obtained from data collection and analysis, adjust the position and angle of the module, and ensure that the module installation deviation is within the design range through high-precision laser positioning equipment and auxiliary assembly equipment. The alignment relationship of the module connection nodes meets the geometric definition of the parametric model. At the same time, write the adjusted position parameters back to the construction simulation model to provide dynamic optimization input data for subsequent module installation. Step 7. After precise assembly is completed, the parametric model of the construction phase is integrated with the actual module installation data recorded during construction to form a BIM-based digital twin model. The digital twin model contains the geometric parameters, connection relationships and operating status of the module, and deploys sensors to achieve real-time monitoring of the module operating status, providing complete historical construction data and real-time operating data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance of the substation.

2. According to the BIM technology-based prefabricated substation construction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: During the module unit decomposition process in step 1, the module geometry and connection node definitions satisfy the following constraints: V=L x ·L y ·H, Where V is the volume of the module, L x , L y , H is the length, width and height of the module, and the geometric characteristics N of the connecting nodes c Establish matching conditions between modules: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">N<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> c <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (n1, n2, n3,…)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> k <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">}, Among them, N c Represents the set of connected nodes, n k is the attribute of the kth connected node.

3. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 5 data collection, the three-dimensional coordinates P of the module are collected by a three-dimensional laser scanning device. m : P m ={(x m ,y m ,z m )}, Among them, x m ,y m 、z m Point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, and with the design coordinates P d Compare and analyze the position deviation P: Among them, x d ,y d 、z d Point P d The coordinates, x m ,y m 、z m Point P m Coordinates in three-dimensional space, P represents point P m and point P d The Euclidean distance between .

4. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 7, the digital twin model is constructed in the following way: D twin =BIM+D IoT , Among them, D twin is a digital twin model, BIM is a parametric model in the construction phase, IoT Real-time data collected by sensors; The data include temperature and humidity, stress and operating status.

5. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The module operation status recorded in the digital twin model meets the real-time monitoring conditions, and the module operation deviation is calculated by the following formula: F d =|V real -V design |, Among them, F d is the running state deviation, V real is the real-time status value of the module, V design Design state values ​​for modules.

6. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction simulation model in step 4 is dynamically decomposed in combination with the installation sequence and time axis of the module connection nodes, and the module installation plan satisfies the following constraints: Among them, T i represents the installation time of the i-th module, L i represents the total man-hours of the construction task, V i represents the volume of the i-th module, R i Indicates the installation rate of the module.

7. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The construction simulation model combines virtual reality technology to generate dynamic visual simulation. The simulation content includes the installation position, connection method and node geometric relationship of the module. The installation position and node matching conditions meet the following geometric constraints: G n ={(x n ,y n , z n )}, Among them, G n is the geometric coordinate set of the connection node, x n ,y n 、z n It is the coordinate of the node in three-dimensional space. The node coordinate is compared with the actual installation position of the module in real time and dynamically updated in the BIM model.

8. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The module installation deviation collected by the three-dimensional laser scanning device is used to calculate the overall assembly deviation through the following formula: Among them, E RMS is the root mean square error of assembly accuracy, P i is the installation deviation of the i-th module, n is the total number of modules, and the module installation sequence is dynamically optimized and adjusted based on the assembly accuracy, and the adjustment results are written back to the BIM construction simulation model.

9. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sensor data in the digital twin model meets the following dynamic monitoring constraints: D IoT ={T e ,o e ,r e }, Among them, T e Indicates the temperature data in the module operating environment. e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material, The above parameters are collected in real time through sensors, and the data is transmitted to the digital twin model for predicting module operation deviations.

10. The method for constructing a prefabricated substation based on BIM technology according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The digital twin model realizes module life prediction by fusing historical data and real-time data. The life prediction formula is: Among them, L p is the predicted life of the module, S max is the maximum load-bearing capacity of the module material, o e represents the real-time normal stress of the module material, r e represents the real-time shear stress of the module material, f(o e , r e ) represents the real-time force comprehensive function of the module.

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