A method of zinc oxide ore flotation based on a combination collector

Abstract

This invention discloses a flotation method for zinc oxide ore based on a combination of collectors, comprising the following steps: grinding the raw ore finely, adding sodium carbonate, collector A, and collector B sequentially, and then conditioning the slurry accordingly, followed by zinc oxide mineral flotation to obtain zinc oxide rough concentrate. This invention is specifically designed for zinc oxide ores containing gangue such as calcite and dolomite, overcoming the problem of poor selectivity of fatty acids in the flotation of high-calcium zinc oxide ores. It is highly adaptable, simple to apply, and easy to manage on a large scale, enabling efficient flotation recovery of such zinc resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mineral processing engineering technology, and specifically relates to a flotation method for zinc oxide ore based on a combination of collectors. Background Technology

[0002] Zinc metal plays a vital role not only in industrial production but also has an indispensable impact on human health. As an important raw material for national economic development, it is widely used in construction, chemical industry, automotive, aerospace, and pharmaceutical fields. Zinc-bearing mineral resources are divided into sulfide ores and oxide ores. For a long time, zinc sulfide minerals have been the main source of zinc resource recovery. However, with the over-exploitation of high-grade and easily recoverable zinc sulfide mineral resources, this type of resource is now characterized by being scarce, fine-grained, and impure. Therefore, focusing on the characteristics of zinc oxide resources and developing corresponding efficient and clean recovery technologies is a powerful measure to safeguard my country's zinc resource advantages.

[0003] Zinc oxide ores often contain abundant gangue minerals such as calcite, a consequence of their geological formation. Sphalerite decomposes in an oxidizing environment to produce zinc sulfate. Calcite in the carbonate host rock or primary ore undergoes metasomatism with zinc sulfate, forming zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite. Therefore, zinc oxide ores often contain abundant calcium-bearing minerals such as calcite. Zinc oxide ore flotation mainly employs processes such as amine sulfide flotation, xanthate sulfide flotation, direct fatty acid flotation, and chelate flotation. Among these, direct fatty acid flotation has received widespread attention due to its low cost and simplicity. However, fatty acids and their salts have poor selectivity and are only suitable for zinc oxide ores with quartz as the main gangue mineral. Their separation effect is unsatisfactory for zinc oxide ores containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite. Therefore, developing new reagents and processes that are low-cost and highly adaptable for high-calcium zinc oxide ores is beneficial for the efficient and comprehensive utilization of zinc oxide ore resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combination collector, in order to solve the problem of poor selectivity of fatty acids in the flotation process of high-calcium zinc oxide ore, and to improve the flotation separation effect of minerals such as smithsonite and calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0005] This invention provides a flotation method for zinc oxide ore based on a combination collector, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Crush and grind the zinc oxide ore to obtain the ground product;

[0007] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 to prepare the slurry and obtain slurry product 1;

[0008] S3. Add collector A to the pulping product 1 obtained in step S2 and perform pulping to obtain pulping product 2;

[0009] S4. Add collector B to the slurry product 2 obtained in step S3, stir, and aerate to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the -0.074mm particle size accounts for 75% to 90% of the obtained grinding product.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the amount of sodium carbonate added is 1000-5000 g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the collector A is at least one of toluenearsonic acid, 4-aminophenylarsonic acid and its salts, and the addition amount is 80-200 g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, the collector B is at least one of tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and their salts, and the amount added is 100-250 g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore.

[0014] The principle of this invention:

[0015] This invention organically combines the high selectivity of chelating agents with the collecting ability of fatty acids. Among them, toluenearsonic acid, 4-aminophenylarsonic acid and their salts have a strong chelating ability for zinc atoms, but a poor chelating ability for calcium atoms. After adding this collector A during the flotation process, it chelates with zinc atoms and acts on the surface of zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite, but has no adsorption effect on the surface of calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and dolomite, thereby expanding the difference in hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties between the surfaces of smithsonite and calcite and dolomite minerals. After adsorbing collector A, the surface of smithsonite exhibits weak hydrophobicity, but this is insufficient to make it float hydrophobically during flotation. The carbon chains of tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and their salts have strong hydrophobic properties. When collector B is added, its hydrophobic carbon chains preferentially associate with the benzene ring of collector A in the pulp system. This enhances the hydrophobicity of the smithsonite surface and effectively prevents the carboxyl groups in collector B from interacting with calcium atoms on the surface of calcite and dolomite. This further expands the difference in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity between the surfaces of smithsonite and calcite and dolomite minerals, ultimately achieving efficient flotation separation of smithsonite from calcium-bearing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] (1) This invention has strong selectivity and collecting ability for zinc oxide ore containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite. It organically combines the advantages of high selectivity of chelating agents and the collecting ability of fatty acids to achieve efficient separation of zinc oxide minerals such as smithsonite from calcium-containing gangue minerals such as calcite and dolomite.

[0018] (2) The process flow of the present invention is simple and easy to industrial production. It has good selectivity for zinc oxide ores containing calcium minerals such as calcite and dolomite, and can obtain better zinc oxide flotation index. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, application methods, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A certain calcite-bearing zinc oxide ore has a Zn grade of 4.08% and a Ca content of 32.64%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting grinding product contains 75% particles of -0.074mm size.

[0024] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 at a rate of 5000 g / t based on the mass of the raw ore, and adjust the slurry for 2 minutes.

[0025] S3. Add toluene-arsine to the slurry product obtained in step S2, at a rate of 80 g / t based on the weight of the raw ore, and slurry for 2 minutes;

[0026] S4. Add sodium hexadecanoate to the slurry product obtained in step S3 at a rate of 100 g / t based on the mass of the raw ore, and stir for 2 min.

[0027] S5. Aeration was used to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 1

[0029] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that step S3 was not performed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that step S4 was not performed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Comparative Example 3

[0033] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that the order of steps S3 and S4 was reversed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Comparative Example 4

[0035] All other conditions were the same as in Example 1, except that toluene arsenoic acid and sodium hexadecanoate were added simultaneously. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1. Flotation Test Results / %

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A certain calcite-bearing zinc oxide ore has a Zn grade of 7.88% and a Ca content of 15.75%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting grinding product contains 90% particles of -0.074mm size.

[0042] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 at a rate of 1000 g / t based on the mass of the raw ore, and adjust the slurry for 2 minutes.

[0043] S3. Add sodium 4-aminobenzoic acid to the slurry product obtained in step S2. The amount added is 200g / t based on the mass of the raw ore, and slurry is conditioned for 2 minutes.

[0044] S4. Add sodium tetradecanoate and sodium hexadecanoate to the slurry product obtained in step S3 at a mass ratio of 1:1. The total addition amount is 250g / t based on the mass of the original ore. Stir for 2min.

[0045] S5. Aeration was used to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Comparative Example 5

[0047] All other conditions were the same as in Example 2, except that step S3 was not performed. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Comparative Example 6

[0049] All other conditions were the same as in Example 2, except that step S4 was not performed. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Comparative Example 7

[0051] All other conditions are the same as in Example 2, except that the order of steps S3 and S4 is reversed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0052] Comparative Example 8

[0053] All other conditions were the same as in Example 2, except that sodium 4-aminobenzoarsinate was added simultaneously with sodium tetradecanoate and sodium hexadecanoate. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2 Flotation Test Results / %

[0055]

[0056] Example 3

[0057] A certain calcite-bearing zinc oxide ore has a Zn grade of 6.37% and a Ca content of 26.48%. The specific flotation process includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. The raw ore is crushed and ground, and the resulting grinding product contains 85% particles of -0.074mm size.

[0059] S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 at a rate of 3000 g / t based on the mass of the raw ore, and adjust the slurry for 2 minutes.

[0060] S3. Add toluenearsine and sodium 4-aminobenzoate to the slurry product obtained in step S2, with a mass ratio of 1:1 and an addition amount of 150g / t based on the mass of the original ore, and slurry for 2 minutes;

[0061] S4. Add sodium tetradecanoate, sodium hexadecanoate, and sodium octadecanoate to the slurry product obtained in step S3 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The total amount added is 200g / t based on the mass of the original ore. Stir for 2 minutes.

[0062] S5. Aeration was used to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0063] Comparative Example 9

[0064] All other conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that step S3 was not performed. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 10

[0066] All other conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that step S4 was not performed. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 11

[0068] All other conditions are the same as in Example 3, except that the order of steps S3 and S4 is reversed. The final experimental results are shown in Table 3.

[0069] Comparative Example 12

[0070] All other conditions were the same as in Example 3, except that toluenearsonic acid, sodium 4-aminobenzoarsonicate and sodium tetradecanoate, sodium hexadecanoate and sodium octadecanoate were added simultaneously. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3 Flotation Test Results / %

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In summary, it can be seen that for zinc oxide ores containing calcite, the combination of collector A and collector B can achieve better flotation performance. The absence of either reagent makes it difficult to achieve effective separation of zinc oxide minerals and calcite. At the same time, the order of addition of the two is very important. They cannot be added at the same time, nor can collector B be added before collector A, otherwise it will be difficult to achieve the desired effect.

Claims

1. A flotation method for zinc oxide ore based on a combination collector, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The zinc oxide ore is crushed and ground to obtain the ground product; S2. Add sodium carbonate to the grinding product obtained in step S1 to prepare the slurry and obtain slurry product 1; S3. Add collector A to the pulping product 1 obtained in step S2 and perform pulping to obtain pulping product 2; S4. Add collector B to the slurry product 2 obtained in step S3, stir, and aerate to carry out zinc oxide flotation to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and tailings; The collector A is at least one of toluenearsonic acid, 4-aminophenylarsonic acid and its salts, and the addition amount is 80~200g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore; The collector B is at least one of tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and their salts, and the addition amount is 100~250g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore.

2. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the -0.074mm particle size accounts for 75% to 90% of the obtained grinding product.

3. The zinc oxide ore flotation method based on a combined collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the amount of sodium carbonate added is 1000~5000g / t, based on the mass of the raw ore.

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