Amino acid selenium leaf fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an amino acid selenium leaf fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The amino acid selenium leaf fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-80 parts of amino acid, 0.6-5 parts of a selenium source and 0.05-0.2 part of sinigrin. Through raw material matching of the foliar fertilizer, interaction among nutritional ingredients and improvement of a preparation process of the foliar fertilizer, the problems of yield and quality of crops and absorption and utilization rate of the foliar fertilizer can be well solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional fertilizers, and in particular relates to an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Selenium is one of the trace elements necessary for the life activities of organisms. It has important functions such as nourishing and repairing myocardium, removing free radicals in the body, delaying aging, and regulating the human microcirculatory system. Plant-derived organic selenium is safe, green, and efficient, and is a beneficial way for humans and animals to ingest selenium. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's pursuit of health has become more urgent, and the demand for selenium-rich foods has also increased.

[0003] Foliar fertilizer is a kind of foliar fertilizer, which is directly sprayed on the surface of crop leaves, absorbed by the leaves, and transported to various parts of the crop body. It mainly plays the role of making up for the lack of fertilizer supply to the root system, balancing crop nutrition, or alleviating temporary supply and demand imbalance during a certain growth period of the crop. The leaves directly absorb and utilize effective nutrients, with a high nutrient utilization rate, and at the same time avoid reducing the effectiveness of certain nutrients due to the fixation of certain nutrients by the soil. The leaves absorb nutrients faster than the roots, which is conducive to meeting the requirements of crop growth and development in a timely manner. Therefore, foliar fertilizer is often used in agriculture to quickly supplement the nutrients needed by plants. Amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer is a foliar fertilizer containing both amino acids and selenium, which combines the advantages of the two nutrients and is used to improve the growth and quality of crops. However, most amino acid selenium foliar fertilizers produced domestically in recent years have not considered the following points when improving crop yield and quality: (1) Nutrients sprayed on the leaves enter the plant body through the cuticle and stomata of the leaves. However, most of the existing technologies only focus on the problem of nutrient composition matching in foliar fertilizers, ignoring the impact of the opening of plant leaves' stomata on the absorption of nutrients such as amino acids and selenium, resulting in unsatisfactory fertilization effects. Although in daily operations, foliar fertilizers are sprayed when the external environment is suitable and appropriate leaf opening is ensured as much as possible, there are many uncertainties in environmental conditions, and it is impossible to ensure the appropriate spraying conditions for foliar fertilizers. (2) The cuticle is the protective layer of plant leaves. The cuticle is a mixture of polysaccharides and lipid compounds. Nutrients applied to the leaves can enter the plant cells through the cuticle, cell wall, and cell membrane in turn, and then be transported in the leaf tissues. Therefore, the affinity of the nutrients in the foliar fertilizer with the cuticle is an important consideration. However, most of the existing technologies ignore this factor and simply rely on wetting agents to improve the wetting performance of foliar fertilizers on leaves. This improvement effect often cannot solve the problem of the affinity between nutrients and the cuticle of leaves from the source. (3) The preparation process of foliar fertilizer in the prior art is relatively simple, and the interaction between nutrients is not taken into account, resulting in low nutrient absorption rate and low fertilizer utilization rate. (4) Environmental conditions (light conditions, temperature, etc.) will significantly affect the effect of foliar fertilization, especially light conditions directly affect leaf photosynthesis, making the application conditions of foliar fertilizer more stringent, which brings inconvenience to actual operation.

[0004] In summary, how to provide an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to comprehensively improve crop yield, quality and foliar fertilizer absorption and utilization rate is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which can better solve the problems of crop yield, quality and foliar fertilizer absorption and utilization rate through raw material matching, interaction between various nutrients and improvement of foliar fertilizer preparation process.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-80 parts of amino acids, 0.6-5 parts of selenium sources, and 0.05-0.2 parts of sinigrin.

[0007] Preferably, the amino acids include any one or more of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine and arginine. More preferably, the amino acids include any one or more of lysine, histidine and arginine. Even more preferably, the amino acids include lysine, histidine and arginine in a mass ratio of 1: (0.3-1): (0.5-3).

[0008] Preferably, the selenium source comprises any one or both of selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine. More preferably, the selenium source comprises selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:(0.3-5).

[0009] Preferably, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer further comprises any one or more of 0.5-3 parts of adjuvants, 1-6 parts of trace elements, 0.1-5 parts of nitrogen fertilizers and 50-100 parts of water.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes one or more of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan stearate, and polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil.

[0011] Preferably, the trace elements include any one or more of copper (copper sulfate), iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), manganese (manganese sulfate), boron (borax), and molybdenum (ammonium molybdate). More preferably, the trace elements include iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), boron (borax), and manganese (manganese sulfate) in a mass ratio of 1: (0.1-0.6): (0.1-1): (0.1-0.5).

[0012] Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea or ammonium bicarbonate.

[0013] Preferably, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer is an aqueous solution or a powder.

[0014] The invention provides a method for preparing an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer. The preparation of the aqueous solution comprises the following steps: weighing water according to a formula, then sequentially adding other raw materials in the formula (including amino acids, selenium sources, sinigrin, and adjuvants, trace elements, and nitrogen fertilizers can also be added as needed), and stirring evenly to obtain the aqueous solution.

[0015] The preparation of the powder comprises: taking various raw materials (including amino acids, selenium sources, sinigrin, and adding auxiliary agents, trace elements, and nitrogen fertilizers as needed) according to the formula, mixing them evenly, and freeze-drying them to obtain the powder.

[0016] Preferably, the freeze drying is carried out by conventional methods, and reference can be made to the production conditions of conventional amino acid or polypeptide freeze-dried powders, such as temperature - (10-40) °C and vacuum degree of 10-30 Pa: Preferably, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer also includes 0.3-2 parts of anionic surfactant.

[0017] Preferably, the anionic surfactant is disodium tocopherol phosphate, sodium laurate, sodium oleate or sodium stearate. More preferably, the anionic surfactant is disodium tocopherol phosphate.

[0018] Preferably, the present invention also provides another method for preparing amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, comprising the following steps: At 30-50°C, add water to the amino acid and selenium source according to the formula and mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.8-7.3 to obtain solution 1; at 40-70°C, add water to the anionic surfactant and mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.0-6.7 to obtain solution 2; add solution 1 drop by drop into solution 2, stir at 30-100r / min for 5-10min after adding to obtain a mixed solution, spray-dry the mixed solution to obtain powder 1, mix other raw materials in the foliar fertilizer formula (including sinigrin, and adjuvants, trace elements, and nitrogen fertilizers can be added as needed), freeze-dry to obtain powder 2, and mix powder 1 and powder 2 evenly to obtain.

[0019] Preferably, the amount of water added to prepare solution 1 is 3-10 times the mass of the amino acid, and the amount of water added to prepare solution 2 is 1-6 times the mass of the anionic surfactant.

[0020] Preferably, the spray drying conditions are: spray pressure 0.5-0.8 MPa, feed rate 0.7-0.9 L / h, inlet air temperature 120-130°C.

[0021] The present invention also provides an application of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer in the planting of food crops or vegetables and fruits.

[0022] Preferably, the food crop is rice, corn, beans, potatoes, barley, broad beans or wheat. More preferably, the food crop is rice.

[0023] Preferably, the vegetables and fruits are vegetables or fruits.

[0024] The vegetables include radish, cabbage, celery, leek, garlic, onion, carrot, melon, lotus leaf, Jerusalem artichoke, sword bean, coriander, lettuce, daylily, pepper, cucumber, tomato or cilantro.

[0025] The fruits are specifically pears, apples, green plums, peaches, apricots, tangerines, oranges, plums, cherries, strawberries, sand apples or dates.

[0026] The application method of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer is as follows: the spraying amount of the aqueous solution is 60-300g of foliar fertilizer stock solution / mu each time, and the foliar fertilizer is sprayed directly or diluted 100-1000 times with water before spraying; the spraying amount of the powder is 20-100g of foliar fertilizer powder / mu each time, and the foliar fertilizer powder is added with 1-3 times the amount of water to dissolve, and then sprayed directly or diluted 100-1000 times with water before spraying, and spraying 2-10 times as needed each season.

[0027] Technical effects of the present invention: 1. The foliar fertilizer of the present invention contains amino acids and organic selenium at the same time. Amino acids can supplement nutrition, promote plant growth and metabolism, and selenium can improve the nutritional value of agricultural products. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer of the present invention can effectively improve the yield and quality of agricultural products and increase the selenium content in agricultural products.

[0028] 2. The present invention adds sinigrin to the foliar fertilizer, which has the following effects: (1) sinigrin is a glucosinolate in cruciferous plants. After being applied to the leaves, it has an antibacterial effect, can reduce diseases, and promote the growth of agricultural products; (2) sinigrin contains potassium ions, which can slowly release potassium ions after being sprayed on the leaves, thereby improving the permeability of leaf cell membranes, helping to increase the degree of openness of leaf stomata, and promoting the absorption of foliar fertilizer; (3) The small amount of sulfur contained in sinigrin can synergize with the selenium element in the foliar fertilizer to promote the absorption of selenium by agricultural products, thereby further increasing the selenium content in agricultural products.

[0029] 3. The present invention can prepare foliar fertilizer into an aqueous solution or a powder. The present invention adopts a specific method to prepare the foliar fertilizer into a powder, which can improve the solubility and dispersibility of various nutrients, significantly improve the effect of applying the foliar fertilizer on the leaves, and help the plant leaves to fully absorb nutrients.

[0030] 4. When the foliar fertilizer is made into powder, since the solubility of the amino acid, selenium source and the like contained in the formula is unstable, the present invention controls the pH, first prepares a solution 1 containing the amino acid and the selenium source, and adjusts the pH to 6.8-7.3, the pH being less than the isoelectric point of the amino acid so that the amino acid is positively charged, and at the pH value, the carboxyl group in the selenium source (selenomethionine Pka=2.26, seleno-L-cysteine ​​Pka=5.2) dissociates hydrogen to show negative charge, so the amino acid and the selenium source in the solution 1 can adsorb to each other; then the present invention prepares a solution 2 containing an anionic surfactant with a pH value of 6.0-6.7, and in the process of dripping the solution 1 into the solution 2, the anionic surfactant and the positively charged amino acid form a tight adsorption, and since the pH value of the solution 2 is lower than that of the solution 1, when the solution 1 is dripped into the solution 2, the positive charge of the amino acid is enhanced, further promoting the adsorption trend, thereby forming a three-molecular layer structure of the selenium source-amino acid-anionic surfactant, and then spray drying is performed. Foliar fertilizer containing this three-molecular layer structure has better affinity with the cell structure of plant leaves, can adhere tightly to the surface of the leaves, and quickly penetrate the cuticle of the leaves to transport nutrients to the inside of the leaves.

[0031] 5. In the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer of the present invention, the anionic surfactant plays a role in guiding and improving the osmotic activity, followed by the amino acids connected thereto. The amino acids enter the plant leaves and firstly play a growth regulating role and improve the photosynthesis of the leaves, and then absorb the selenium source on this basis, which can better ensure the absorption of selenium nutrition.

[0032] 6. In the foliar fertilizer of the present invention, the anionic surfactant is preferably disodium tocopherol phosphate, which has the following functions: (1) the tocopherol structure contained therein can not only regulate plant growth and development, but also has a synergistic effect with selenium. Its lipophilic structure tocopherol and hydrophilic structure phosphate have good affinity with plant cell membranes and can promote the transportation of foliar fertilizer nutrients within the leaf structure; (2) generally speaking, light conditions will affect the application effect of foliar fertilizer. The disodium tocopherol phosphate contained in the foliar fertilizer of the present invention can also improve the adaptability of leaves to various light conditions. Combined with the effect of black mustard on leaf stomata, the foliar fertilizer can have a good application effect under different light conditions; (3) in the three-molecular layer structure of selenium source-amino acid-tocopherol phosphate disodium, tocopherol phosphate disodium can act as a protective layer to protect the nutrients in the foliar fertilizer, reduce water evaporation after foliar fertilizer spraying, and reduce the excessive concentration of nutrients after water evaporation to burn the leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments; it should be understood that these embodiments are used to illustrate the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the following embodiments; the implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified in the following examples, all raw materials are commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art. Example 1

[0035] The present embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of amino acids, 1 part of selenium source, 3 parts of trace elements, 2 parts of urea, 0.1 parts of sinigrin, 1 part of auxiliary agent (polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil) and 70 parts of water.

[0036] The amino acids include aspartic acid, serine, proline, glycine, methionine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and lysine in equal parts by weight. The selenium source includes selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0037] Trace elements include iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), boron (borax), and manganese (manganese sulfate) in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.5:0.2.

[0038] The preparation method of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer water agent comprises the following steps: weighing water according to the formula, then sequentially adding other raw materials in the formula, and stirring evenly to obtain the product. Example 2

[0039] The present embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of amino acids, 1 part of selenium source, 3 parts of trace elements, 2 parts of urea, 0.1 parts of sinigrin, 1 part of auxiliary agent (polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil) and 1 part of anionic surfactant (disodium tocopherol phosphate).

[0040] The amino acids include lysine, histidine and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:0.6:1. The selenium source includes selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0041] Trace elements include iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), boron (borax), and manganese (manganese sulfate) in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.5:0.2.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, comprising the following steps: At 40°C, add water (the amount of water added is 5 times the mass of the amino acid) to the amino acid and selenium source according to the formula, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 7.0, and obtain solution 1; at 50°C, add water (the amount of water added is 3 times the mass of the anionic surfactant) to the anionic surfactant, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.3, and obtain solution 2; add solution 1 dropwise into solution 2 while hot, stir at 55°C and 60r / min for 8min after adding, to obtain a mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution (spray pressure 0.6MPa, feed rate 0.8L / h, inlet air temperature 125°C) to obtain powder 1, mix other raw materials in the foliar fertilizer formula evenly, freeze-dry (-30°C, vacuum degree 20Pa) to obtain powder 2, mix powder 1 and powder 2 evenly to obtain amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder. Example 3

[0043] This embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which is different from Embodiment 2 in that the anionic surfactant is sodium laurate. Example 4

[0044] This embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which is different from Embodiment 2 in that the anionic surfactant is sodium oleate. Example 5

[0045] The present embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of amino acids, 0.6 parts of selenium sources, 1 part of trace elements, 0.3 parts of urea, 0.05 parts of sinigrin, 0.5 parts of auxiliary agents (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) and 0.3 parts of anionic surfactants (disodium tocopherol phosphate).

[0046] The amino acids include lysine, histidine and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.5. The selenium source includes selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0047] Trace elements include iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), boron (borax), and manganese (manganese sulfate) in a mass ratio of 1:0.1:0.1:0.1.

[0048] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, comprising the following steps: At 30°C, add water (the amount of water added is 3 times the mass of the amino acid) to the amino acid and selenium source according to the formula, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.8, and obtain solution 1; at 40°C, add water (the amount of water added is 2 times the mass of the anionic surfactant) to the anionic surfactant, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.0, and obtain solution 2; add solution 1 dropwise into solution 2 while hot, stir at 50°C and 100r / min for 5min after adding, to obtain a mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution (spray pressure 0.5MPa, feed rate 0.7L / h, inlet air temperature 120°C) to obtain powder 1, mix other raw materials in the foliar fertilizer formula evenly, freeze-dry (-30°C, vacuum degree 20Pa) to obtain powder 2, mix powder 1 and powder 2 evenly to obtain amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder. Example 6

[0049] The present embodiment provides an amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, which includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80 parts of amino acids, 5 parts of selenium sources, 6 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of urea, 0.2 parts of sinigrin, 3 parts of adjuvant (lauryl polyoxyethylene ether) and 2 parts of anionic surfactant (disodium tocopherol phosphate).

[0050] The amino acids include lysine, histidine and arginine in a mass ratio of 1:1:3. The selenium source includes selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0051] Trace elements include iron (ferrous sulfate), zinc (zinc sulfate), boron (borax), and manganese (manganese sulfate) in a mass ratio of 1:0.6:1:0.5.

[0052] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, comprising the following steps: At 50°C, add water (the amount of water added is 10 times the mass of the amino acid) to the amino acid and selenium source according to the formula, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 7.3, and obtain solution 1; at 70°C, add water (the amount of water added is 6 times the mass of the anionic surfactant) to the anionic surfactant, mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.7, and obtain solution 2; add solution 1 dropwise into solution 2 while hot, stir at 60°C and 30r / min for 10min after adding, to obtain a mixed solution, spray dry the mixed solution (spray pressure 0.8MPa, feed rate 0.9L / h, inlet air temperature 130°C) to obtain powder 1, mix other raw materials in the foliar fertilizer formula evenly, freeze-dry (-30°C, vacuum degree 20Pa) to obtain powder 2, mix powder 1 and powder 2 evenly to obtain amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder.

[0053] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the foliar fertilizer does not contain sinigrin.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the sinigrin in the foliar fertilizer is replaced with lauryl glucoside.

[0055] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the sinigrin in the foliar fertilizer is replaced with potassium sulfate.

[0056] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer does not contain disodium tocopherol phosphate.

[0057] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the preparation method of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder is as follows: taking various raw materials according to the formula, mixing them evenly and then freeze-drying them (-30° C., vacuum degree 20 Pa) to obtain the product.

[0058] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that in the preparation method of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, solution 2 does not adjust the pH, and the preparation steps of solution 2 are as follows: At 50°C, anionic surfactant was added to water and mixed evenly to obtain solution 2.

[0059] Comparative Example 7 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that in the preparation method of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, solution 1 does not adjust the pH, and the preparation steps of solution 1 are as follows: At 40° C., add water to the amino acid and selenium source according to the formula and mix evenly to obtain solution 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 8 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that in the preparation method of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, the preparation steps of solution 1 and solution 2 are as follows: At 40°C, the amino acid and selenium source were mixed with water according to the formula, and the pH value was adjusted to 6.0 to obtain solution 1; at 50°C, the anionic surfactant was mixed with water, and the pH value was adjusted to 5.0 to obtain solution 2.

[0061] Comparative Example 9 The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that in the preparation method of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer powder, the preparation steps of solution 1 and solution 2 are as follows: At 40°C, the amino acid and selenium source were mixed with water according to the formula, and the pH value was adjusted to 8.0 to obtain solution 1; at 50°C, the anionic surfactant was mixed with water, and the pH value was adjusted to 7.5 to obtain solution 2.

[0062] 1. Quality testing of the foliar fertilizer of the present invention Referring to the requirements of NY 1429-2010 "Water-soluble fertilizers containing amino acids", the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-6 of the present invention were tested for quality. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0063] Table 1

[0064] As can be seen from Table 1, the water-insoluble matter and harmful element contents of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared by the present invention meet the requirements of NY1429-2010.

[0065] 2. Rice Field Trial Test method: The rice field is an early rice field for transplanting. The land is prepared before transplanting rice and then the base fertilizer (compound fertilizer, N: P2O5: K2O = 18: 9: 11, the application amount is 50 kg / mu) is applied. The base fertilizer is applied once in the whole layer. A total of 15 test treatments are set up (the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-9 are applied respectively), and an equal amount of clean water is used as a blank control group. Foliar fertilizers are sprayed in a conventional manner at the rice seedling stage and heading stage respectively. The amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed at the seedling stage is: Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3: 70 g / mu, the dilution multiple is 300 times, and Example 2-6 and Comparative Examples 4-9: 31 g / mu. The foliar fertilizer powder is dissolved in 1.2 times the amount of water and then diluted, and the dilution multiple is 300 times. The amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed during the heading period is: Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3: 120 g / mu, the dilution multiple is 400 times; Example 2-6 and Comparative Examples 4-9: 54 g / mu, the powder is dissolved in 1.2 times the amount of water and then diluted, the dilution multiple is 400 times. Conventional field management was carried out during the test.

[0066] After the rice matured, the rice yield was counted and the selenium content of the brown rice in the rice was determined. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0067] Table 2

[0068] As shown in Table 2, after the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer obtained by embodiments of the present invention 1-6 is applied to rice planting, its yield-increasing effect is obvious, from 1240 jin / mu to 1356-1408 jin / mu, the yield-increasing rate is 8.80%-13.58%, the total selenium content of brown rice is increased from 28.9 μg / kg to 225.6 μg / kg, and the organic selenium content of brown rice is increased from 17.3 μg / kg to 221.1 μg / kg. Especially the yield-increasing effect of embodiments 2, 5, and 6 is better, the yield-increasing rate is up to 13.42-13.58%, the total selenium content of brown rice is up to 215.5-225.6 μg / kg, and the organic selenium content of brown rice is up to 211.2-221.1 μg / kg, showing good fertilizer efficiency.

[0069] 3. Effect of Foliar Fertilizer Spraying on Leaf Stomata In the above field test, for the rice sprayed with foliar fertilizer at the heading stage, complete rice leaves were taken out 1 hour later, and temporary slides were made according to the conventional method. The stomatal opening of the leaves in different test groups was observed under a microscope. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0070] Table 3

[0071] It can be seen from Table 3 that, compared with comparative examples 1-3 and the blank control group, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention can effectively improve the opening of the stomata of plant leaves, which helps the rice leaves to better absorb nutrients.

[0072] 4. Adhesion of the foliar fertilizer of the present invention on leaves Take the complete rice leaves in the growth period of the field test, use the five-point sampling method, avoid the edge of the test field, take 20 rice leaves for each group of treatment, and a total of twelve groups of tests (Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 4-9). After each group of rice leaves is rinsed with deionized water, the surface moisture is absorbed, and then the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 4-9 of the present invention is evenly sprayed on the leaves, until the leaves are just wet without droplets flowing down, and the foliar fertilizer spraying amount of each group of leaves is recorded. The rice leaves sprayed with foliar fertilizer are placed in an incubator at 40°C (simulating the outdoor temperature in summer) to air dry, and then 20mL of deionized water is evenly sprayed on the leaves to simulate rainwater, and the nitrogen concentration and selenium concentration in the solution are determined after the liquid washed down is collected and boiled. The nitrogen retention rate and selenium retention rate of each group of foliar fertilizers after spraying on the rice leaves can be calculated by the concentration and the foliar fertilizer spraying amount, which can reflect the adhesion of the foliar fertilizer of the present invention. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0073] Nitrogen or selenium retention rate (%) = 100% × (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed on a single rice leaf × the nitrogen or selenium concentration in the foliar fertilizer formula - the amount of simulated rainwater flushing liquid × the nitrogen or selenium concentration in the rainwater flushing liquid) / (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed on a single rice leaf × the nitrogen or selenium concentration in the foliar fertilizer formula).

[0074] Table 4

[0075] As shown in Table 4, compared with the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer of Example 1, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizers prepared in Examples 2-6 of the present invention have improved nitrogen and selenium retention rates after being sprayed on rice leaves, ranging from 75.3-88.7% and 78.8-91.3%, respectively. In particular, the foliar fertilizers of Examples 2, 4, and 5 have better adhesion, with nitrogen retention rates as high as 88.3-88.7% and selenium retention rates as high as 90.8-91.3%, showing better adhesion performance.

[0076] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Examples 4-9 respectively changed the preparation process of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, resulting in reduced nitrogen and selenium retention rates.

[0077] V. Absorption rate of the foliar fertilizer of the present invention on leaves 1. Nitrogen absorption rate at different times under the same light conditions Taking nitrogen nutrient as an example, referring to the above-mentioned adhesion determination method, before spraying foliar fertilizer at the heading stage, select rice in the field test, use the five-point sampling method, avoid the edge of the test field, select 20 single rice plants for each group of treatment, and a total of eight groups of tests (Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 4-9), each group of rice is rinsed with deionized water and then the surface moisture of the leaves is dried, and then the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared by Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 4-9 of the present invention is evenly sprayed on the rice leaves (the lighting conditions are kept consistent, that is, 16:00 in the afternoon of the same day), spray until the leaves are just wet without droplets flowing down, and record the foliar fertilizer spraying amount of each group of rice. After spraying, take each group of rice leaves at different times and put them into ultrasonic cleaning, measure the nitrogen concentration in the cleaning solution, and calculate the nitrogen absorption rate on the rice leaves at different times after spraying the foliar fertilizer by the concentration and the foliar fertilizer spraying amount. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0078] Nitrogen absorption rate (%) = 100% × (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed on the leaves of a single rice plant × the nitrogen concentration in the foliar fertilizer formula - the amount of ultrasonic cleaning liquid × the nitrogen concentration in the ultrasonic cleaning liquid) / (the amount of foliar fertilizer sprayed on the leaves of a single rice plant × the nitrogen concentration in the foliar fertilizer formula).

[0079] Table 5

[0080] It can be seen from Table 5 that compared with the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer of Example 1, the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared in Example 2 of the present invention can achieve a nitrogen absorption rate of 95% within 5 hours and a nitrogen absorption rate of 98% within 12 hours after spraying on rice leaves, showing a faster foliar fertilizer absorption rate.

[0081] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Examples 4-9 respectively changed the preparation process of amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, and as a result, the nitrogen absorption rate decreased at different times.

[0082] 2. Nitrogen absorption rate at the same time under different light conditions Before spraying foliar fertilizer at the heading stage, rice in the field test was selected, and a five-point sampling method was used to avoid the edge of the test field. 20 single rice plants were selected for each treatment group, and a total of five groups of tests (Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 4) were selected. After each group was rinsed with deionized water, the surface moisture of the leaves was dried. Then, under different light conditions (10:00 am, 12:00 noon, 14:00 pm and 17:00 pm on a sunny day), the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared by Examples 1-4 of the present invention and Comparative Example 4 was evenly sprayed on the rice leaves until the leaves were just wet without droplets flowing down, and the foliar fertilizer spraying amount of each group of rice was recorded. 5h after spraying, the rice leaves of each group were taken and put into ultrasonic cleaning, and the nitrogen concentration in the cleaning solution was measured. The nitrogen absorption rate on the rice leaves after spraying foliar fertilizer under different light conditions can be calculated by the concentration and the foliar fertilizer spraying amount. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0083] Table 6

[0084] It can be seen from Table 6 that, compared with the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer of Example 1, under different light conditions, the nitrogen absorption rate of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer prepared in Example 2 of the present invention after spraying on rice leaves is relatively stable and the variation range is not large, indicating that the foliar fertilizer of Example 2 has a wider adaptability to light conditions.

[0085] Compared with Example 2, the foliar fertilizer of Comparative Example 4 does not contain disodium tocopherol phosphate, and the variation range of nitrogen absorption rate under different light conditions becomes larger.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer, characterized in that: The following raw materials are included in parts by mass: 30-80 parts of amino acids, 0.6-5 parts of selenium sources, and 0.05-0.2 parts of sinigrin.

2. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acids include any one or more of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine and arginine, and the selenium source includes any one or two of selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine.

3. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer also includes any one or more of 0.5-3 parts of adjuvants, 1-6 parts of trace elements, 0.1-5 parts of nitrogen fertilizers and 50-100 parts of water.

4. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer also includes 0.3-2 parts of anionic surfactant, and the anionic surfactant is disodium tocopherol phosphate, sodium laurate, sodium oleate or sodium stearate.

5. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amino acids include any one or more of lysine, histidine and arginine, and the selenium source includes selenomethionine and seleno-L-cysteine ​​in a mass ratio of 1:(0.3-5).

6. The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anionic surfactant is disodium tocopherol phosphate.

7. A method for preparing the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer is an aqueous solution or a powder, and the preparation method of the aqueous solution comprises the following steps: weighing water according to the formula, then sequentially adding other raw materials in the formula, and stirring evenly to obtain the aqueous solution; The preparation method of the powder comprises: taking various raw materials according to the formula, mixing them evenly and freeze-drying them to obtain the powder.

8. A method for preparing the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer is a powder, and its preparation method comprises the following steps: According to the formula, add water to the amino acid and selenium source and mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.8-7.3 to obtain solution 1, add water to the anionic surfactant and mix evenly, adjust the pH value to 6.0-6.7 to obtain solution 2, add solution 1 drop by drop into solution 2 to obtain a mixed solution, spray-dry the mixed solution to obtain powder 1, mix other raw materials in the foliar fertilizer formula evenly, freeze-dry to obtain powder 2, and mix powder 1 and powder 2 evenly to obtain.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The amount of water added to prepare solution 1 is 3-10 times the mass of the amino acid, and the amount of water added to prepare solution 2 is 1-6 times the mass of the anionic surfactant.

10. Use of the amino acid selenium foliar fertilizer according to claim 1 in the cultivation of food crops or vegetables and fruits.

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