Device and method for efficiently separating micro-plastics in domestic sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient separation device and method for micro-plastics in domestic sewage, and belongs to the field of separation of micro-plastics in sewage, the efficient separation device comprises a filter box and a purification box, a plurality of compression springs are fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box, and sealing partition plates are jointly and fixedly mounted among the compression springs; the sealing partition plate is arranged in the filtering box in a sealed and sliding mode, a filtering assembly is arranged on the sealing partition plate, a cleaning assembly is arranged in the filtering box, a vibration cleaning assembly is arranged on the purifying box, and the filtering assembly comprises a fixing cylinder fixedly arranged at the lower end of the sealing partition plate. The part of the microfiltration membrane, which is used for filtering microplastics in sewage, can be automatically replaced, and the used part of the microfiltration membrane can be automatically cleaned, so that the continuous filtering effect and speed of the microfiltration membrane on larger-particle microplastics in the sewage can be effectively ensured; and soft micro-plastics and small-particle micro-plastics in the liquid can be further effectively removed through the vibration cleaning assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of separation of microplastics in sewage, and more specifically, to a device and method for efficiently separating microplastics in domestic sewage. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of plastic products (such as plastic bags, plastic bottles, etc.) and industrial products (such as cosmetics, etc.) in modern society, the number of microplastic particles in domestic sewage is also gradually increasing. Since the particle size of microplastics in domestic sewage is usually less than 5 mm, conventional sewage treatment facilities (such as filter nets) are not effective in filtering and treating them. Therefore, microfiltration membranes and other filtering equipment that can effectively remove microplastics in sewage are usually used for filtering and treating them. Microfiltration membranes are often used for filtering and treating microplastics in sewage due to their wide range of optional filtration pore sizes and good adsorption properties on the surface. However, after the microfiltration membrane has been filtering and intercepting microplastics in sewage for a long time, the impurities intercepted on its surface are easily deposited on the surface of the microfiltration membrane and the filter holes on it are blocked, causing the filtering effect of the microfiltration membrane to gradually decrease. If the microfiltration membrane is replaced or cleaned regularly by humans, it is easy to increase the cumbersomeness of the operation. In addition, since microplastics are divided into soft and hard types, soft microplastics are easily deformed and pass through the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane under the action of external forces. Therefore, simply using a microfiltration membrane to filter microplastics in sewage is likely to reduce the removal effect of microplastics in sewage. Therefore, it is urgent to design an efficient separation device and method for microplastics in domestic sewage to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency separation device for microplastics in domestic sewage, which can improve the filtration speed and effect of microplastics in sewage.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A highly efficient separation device for microplastics in domestic sewage, comprising a filter box and a purification box, wherein a plurality of compression springs are fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the filter box, a sealing baffle is fixedly mounted between the compression springs, and the sealing baffle is sealingly slidably mounted in the filter box, a filter assembly is arranged on the sealing baffle, a cleaning assembly is arranged in the filter box, and a vibration cleaning assembly is arranged on the purification box; The filter assembly comprises a fixed cylinder fixedly mounted at the lower end of the sealing partition, a rotating shaft passing through and rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder, a water collecting box fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the fixed cylinder, an annular groove is provided in the fixed cylinder, and fixing rods uniformly distributed in an annular shape are slidably mounted on the annular groove, a microfiltration membrane is fixedly mounted between the fixing rods, a scraping component is installed between the microfiltration membrane and the sealing partition, and a driving component is installed between the microfiltration membrane and the rotating shaft; The cleaning assembly comprises an exhaust pipe fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, an air supply component is installed between the exhaust pipe and the filter box, and a cleaning mechanism is installed in the fixed cylinder. Furthermore, the scraping component includes a sealing ring fixedly mounted on the sealing baffle, a collecting box is fixedly mounted between the sealing ring and the sealing baffle, and a scraper is fixedly mounted on the collecting box.

[0006] Furthermore, the driving component comprises a toothed disc fixedly mounted on the microfiltration membrane, a fixing frame is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and a spring pusher matched with the toothed disc is mounted on the fixing frame; A rotating gear is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, an adjusting rod is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the filter box, a rack rod meshing with the rotating gear is fixedly installed on the adjusting rod, a square opening is opened on the rack rod, and a push frame is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sealing partition.

[0007] Further, the air supply component includes a cylinder fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box, and the cylinder is provided with two, and the two cylinders are fixedly connected with a one-way air inlet pipe, and the cylinders are fixedly connected with a one-way air supply pipe, and one end of the two one-way air supply pipes is fixedly connected with the exhaust pipe, and the two one-way air supply pipes are both penetrated and fixedly mounted on the fixed cylinder; A spring push plate is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box. Two spring push plates are provided. Piston rods are fixedly mounted on the two spring push plates. The lower ends of the two piston rods are sealed and slidably mounted in the corresponding cylinders.

[0008] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes an arc-shaped limit plate fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, a return spring 1 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the arc-shaped limit plate, two return springs 1 are provided, a sliding block is fixedly mounted between the two return springs 1, and the sliding block is slidably mounted in the arc-shaped limit plate, a sponge roller is fixedly mounted on the sliding block, and a force input component is installed between the sliding block and the rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the force transmission component includes a rotating shaft penetrating and rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder, a steel wire rope is wound around the rotating shaft, and one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the sliding block; a spur gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; A driving roller is installed on the rotating shaft through a one-way bearing, a limit frame is fixedly installed on the fixed cylinder, a push rod is slidably installed on the limit frame, and the upper end of the push rod is slidably installed on the driving roller, and a rack rod 2 meshing with the spur gear is fixedly installed on the lower end of the push rod.

[0010] Further, the vibration cleaning component includes a bubble generator that is sealed and fixedly installed at the lower end of the purification box, an air jet pipe is installed on the bubble generator, a support plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the purification box, a rotating rod is installed through and rotatably on the support plate, and the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the air jet pipe, a bevel gear 1 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod, a round rod is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the purification box, a water wheel is fixedly installed on the round rod, and a bevel gear 2 meshing with the bevel gear 1 is fixedly installed on the round rod; A water pump is fixedly installed on the purification box, a water suction pipe is fixedly connected between the water pump and the water collecting box, and the water suction pipe passes through and is fixedly installed on the fixed cylinder, a drainage pipe is fixedly connected between the water pump and the purification box, a debris collecting box is fixedly installed on the purification box, and a vibrating component is installed on the purification box.

[0011] Further, the vibration component includes a spring telescopic rod 2 fixedly mounted on the purification box, the spring telescopic rod 2 is provided with two, the two spring telescopic rods 2 are fixedly mounted with a support block, the two support blocks are fixedly mounted with a knocking plate, a knocking frame is fixedly mounted between the two support blocks, and the knocking frame is provided with two; A groove body is provided on the left support block, a second return spring is fixedly installed on the groove body, a push block matched with the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the second return spring, and a limit rod matched with the push block is fixedly installed on the purification box.

[0012] Furthermore, a liquid barrier assembly is provided in the filter box, and the liquid barrier assembly includes a spring telescopic rod 1 fixedly mounted on the top wall of the filter box, a blocking plate 1 is fixedly mounted on a lower end of the spring telescopic rod, a blocking plate 2 is fixedly mounted on the blocking plate 1, a connecting rod is fixedly mounted between the blocking plate 1 and the sealing partition, and two connecting rods are provided; A spacer is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter box, and there are two spacers. Connecting frames are sealingly and slidably installed in the two spacers. Spring telescopic plates are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the two connecting frames, and extrusion plates are fixedly installed on the two spring telescopic plates. A limiting block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter box, and there are two limit blocks. Roller parts matching the corresponding limit blocks are fixedly installed on the two extrusion plates, and a push rod is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sealing plate, and there are two push rods.

[0013] A method for using a device for efficiently separating microplastics in domestic sewage, comprising the following steps: S1: Input the sewage into the filter box and above the sealed partition, filter the larger particles of microplastics in the sewage through the microfiltration membrane, and collect the liquid after preliminary filtration through the water collection box; S2: When the weight of the sewage above the sealing partition cooperates with the compression spring to drive the sealing partition to drive the fixed cylinder and the microfiltration membrane to move up and down, the part of the microfiltration membrane used to filter sewage can be replaced through the cooperation of the rotating shaft and the driving component, thereby improving its subsequent sewage filtering speed. In this process, the sewage filtering speed can be further accelerated through the liquid partition component; S3: When the fixed cylinder and the microfiltration membrane move up and down, the air supply component and the cleaning mechanism cooperate to wipe and blow the used parts of the microfiltration membrane in turn, which helps to further improve the subsequent filtration speed and effect of sewage; S4: When the amount of liquid inside the water collecting box gradually increases, a large number of microbubbles can be injected into the liquid after preliminary filtration through the cooperation of the water pump and the bubble generator, so that the soft microplastics and small-grained microplastics in the liquid gradually float to the surface, thereby achieving further purification of the sewage. In this process, the cooperation of the rotating shaft and the vibrating component can further improve the purification effect of the sewage.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In this scheme, when the sealing partition is driven downward by water pressure gravity, the filtering component can realize the automatic replacement of the part of the microfiltration membrane used to filter larger particles in the sewage, which can help improve the continuous filtering effect and speed of the microfiltration membrane on larger particles of microplastics in the sewage. At the same time, in this process, the liquid partition component can further accelerate the filtering speed of the microfiltration membrane on the sewage, which helps to improve the filtering efficiency of the equipment on microplastics in the sewage; (2) In this scheme, when the microfiltration membrane is rotated under force, the scraper can be used to scrape and clean the impurities deposited on the surface of the microfiltration membrane. At the same time, when the sealing partition is forced to move downward, the sponge roller can be used to further wipe and clean the impurities remaining on the surface of the microfiltration membrane. The exhaust pipe can be used to blow the inside of the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane loose or blow out, thereby realizing automatic cleaning of the microfiltration membrane, which is helpful for its subsequent continuous use to improve the filtration speed and effect of larger particles of microplastics in sewage. In addition, the cleaning mechanism can be used to further wipe and clean the impurities on the surface of the microfiltration membrane during the process of the sealing partition driving the microfiltration membrane to move upward and reset, which is helpful to further improve the cleaning effect of the equipment on the surface of the microfiltration membrane; (3) Through the cooperation of the bubble generator and the vibration cleaning component, this solution can inject a large number of tiny bubbles into the liquid, so that the soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid move up and float on the water surface, thereby further effectively removing the remaining microplastics in the sewage, which helps to improve the equipment's removal effect on microplastics in sewage. At the same time, through the cooperation of the vibration component and the rotating shaft, the liquid can be vibrated intermittently, which can further improve the equipment's removal effect on soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid, which helps to further improve the equipment's removal effect on microplastics in sewage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the filter box; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic front view of the septum fluid assembly; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the filter assembly; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the components below the middle sealing partition; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed cylinder and microfiltration membrane; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the middle fixed cylinder and the microfiltration membrane after being rotated at a certain angle; Fig. 9 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the gas supply component; Fig.11 for Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning mechanism; Fig.12 for Figure 1 A schematic front view of the middle filter box and the purification box after sectioning; Fig.13 for Fig.12 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration component; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0016] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Filter box; 2. Purification box; 3. Compression spring; 4. Sealing partition; 5. Liquid barrier assembly; 51. Spring telescopic rod 1; 52. Sealing plate 1; 53. Sealing plate 2; 54. Connecting rod; 55. Push rod; 56. Spacer; 57. Connecting frame; 58. Spring telescopic plate; 59. Extrusion plate; 510. Limiting block; 511. Roller; 6. Filter assembly; 61. Fixed cylinder; 62. Microfiltration membrane; 63. Sealing ring; 64. Scraper; 65. Collecting box; 66. Rotating shaft; 67. Rotating gear; 68. Pushing frame; 69. Adjusting rod; 610. Rack rod 1; 611. Square mouth; 612. Toothed disc; 613. Fixed frame; 614. Spring pusher; 615. Water collecting box; 616. Annular groove; 617. Fixed rod; 7. Cleaning assembly; 71. Cylinder; 72. One-way air inlet pipe; 73. Spring push plate; 74. Piston rod; 75. One-way air supply pipe; 76. Exhaust pipe; 77. Driving roller; 78. Limiting frame; 79. Push rod; 710. Rack rod 2; 711. Rotating shaft; 712. Arc-shaped limiting plate; 713. Reset spring 1; 714. Sliding block; 715. Sponge roller; 716. Wire rope; 8. Vibrating cleaning assembly; 81. Bubble generator; 82. Jet pipe; 83. Rotating rod; 84. Water pump; 85. Suction pipe; 86. Round rod; 87. Water wheel; 88. Collection box; 89. Second spring telescopic rod; 810. Support block; 811. Knocking plate; 812. Knocking frame; 813. Limiting rod; 814. Second reset spring; 815. Push block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] A highly efficient separation device for microplastics in domestic sewage comprises a filter box 1 and a purification box 2. A plurality of compression springs 3 are fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 1, a sealing baffle 4 is fixedly mounted between the compression springs 3, and the sealing baffle 4 is sealingly slidably mounted in the filter box 1, a filter assembly 6 is arranged on the sealing baffle 4, a cleaning assembly 7 is arranged in the filter box 1, and a vibration cleaning assembly 8 is arranged on the purification box 2.

[0019] like Figure 1 - Figure 5As shown, a liquid barrier assembly 5 is provided in the filter box 1, and the liquid barrier assembly 5 comprises a spring telescopic rod 1 51 fixedly mounted on the top wall of the filter box 1, a blocking plate 1 52 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the spring telescopic rod 1 51, a blocking plate 2 53 is fixedly mounted on the blocking plate 1 52, and a connecting rod 54 is fixedly mounted between the blocking plate 1 52 and the sealing partition 4, and two connecting rods 54 are provided; A spacer block 56 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter box 1, and there are two spacers 56. A connecting frame 57 is sealed and slidably installed in the two spacers 56. A spring telescopic plate 58 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the two connecting frames 57, and an extrusion plate 59 is fixedly installed on the two spring telescopic plates 58. A limit block 510 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the filter box 1, and there are two limit blocks 510. Roller parts 511 that match the corresponding limit blocks 510 are fixedly installed on the two extrusion plates 59. A push rod 55 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sealing plate 1 52, and there are two push rods 55.

[0020] The particle diameter of microplastics in domestic sewage is usually less than 5 mm. Therefore, the filtration pore size on the microfiltration membrane 62 can be specifically selected according to the size of the overall particle diameter of microplastics in the filtered sewage, while ensuring the sewage filtration speed.

[0021] When the equipment is needed to purify sewage, the liquid is firstly passed through the liquid inlet pipe (from Figure 1 As can be seen in the figure, the sewage that has been preliminarily treated is input into the filter box 1 and above the sealed partition 4 (the sewage entering the filter box 1 has been preliminarily filtered in advance, and large particles of impurities in the sewage have been effectively removed). At this time, the microfiltration membrane 62 above the sealed partition 4 can filter and intercept large particles of microplastics in the sewage, thereby achieving preliminary filtration treatment of microplastic impurities in the sewage.

[0022] When the sewage on the sealing partition 4 gradually increases, the pressure exerted by the sewage on the multiple compression springs 3 through the sealing partition 4 is greater than the restoring force of the multiple compression springs 3, the sealing partition 4 will be forced to drive the fixed cylinder 61 and the microfiltration membrane 62 to move downward, and at the same time, through the cooperation of the two connecting rods 54, the blocking plate 1 52 and the blocking plate 2 53 will move downward together (such as Figure 4 direction shown); When the sealing plate 1 52 is moved down and in close contact with the side of the two partition blocks 56 that are close to each other, the equipment can stop continuously infusing liquid above the sealing partition 4, so that when the sewage above the subsequent sealing partition 4 is continuously filtered and reduced by the microfiltration membrane 62, the multiple compression springs 3 drive the sealing partition 4 to move up and reset under the action of their own elastic force, so as to achieve the effect of intermittent up and down reciprocating movement of the sealing partition 4. At the same time, the sealing plate 2 53 is moved down to block the liquid outlet port of the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is stopped from continuing to infuse liquid into the filter box 1, which can effectively prevent the sewage above the sealing plate 1 52 from gradually increasing, and finally cause the gravity of the sewage above the sealing plate 1 52 to be greater than the elastic restoring force of the spring telescopic rod 1 51 and the multiple compression springs 3, thereby preventing the sealing partition 4 from moving up subsequently (such as Figure 4 direction shown).

[0023] At the same time, when the blocking plate 1 52 moves to the middle position of the two spacers 56, the two push rods 55 exert downward pressure on the corresponding spring telescopic plates 58, which can drive the two spring telescopic plates 58 and the two extrusion plates 59 to move downward together. At this time, the two limit blocks 510 cooperate with the two roller members 511 to exert a pushing force on the two extrusion plates 59, which can drive the two extrusion plates 59 in the process of moving downward (such as Figure 3 In the direction shown), the two plates 62 and 64 move closer to each other and squeeze the sewage between the sealing baffle 4 and the sealing plate 52, thereby helping to increase the filtration rate of the microfiltration membrane 62 for large particles of microplastics in the sewage between the sealing baffle 4 and the sealing plate 52, thereby increasing the sewage purification rate of the equipment.

[0024] At the same time, in order to ensure that the two limit blocks 510 cooperate with the two roller members 511 and the two spring telescopic plates 58 to drive the two extrusion plates 59 to move closer to or away from each other, it is necessary to set the two spring telescopic plates 58 to be forced to drive the corresponding roller members 511 to move downward to a minimum position not exceeding the lower ends of the two limit blocks 510.

[0025] The multiple compression springs 3 arranged between the sealing baffle 4 and the filter box 1 all adopt a detachable connection method, such as threaded connection, etc., in order to facilitate the replacement of the compression springs 3 after they are compressed and deformed for a long time. This can ensure that when the equipment is purifying sewage, the weight of the water pressure and the elastic deformation force of the multiple compression springs 3 can cooperate to drive the sealing baffle 4 to move up and down.

[0026] like Figure 5 - Figure 8As shown, the filter assembly 6 includes a fixed cylinder 61 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the sealing partition 4, a rotating shaft 66 is penetrated and rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder 61, a water collecting box 615 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 61, an annular groove 616 is opened in the fixed cylinder 61, and fixed rods 617 uniformly distributed in a ring shape are slidably mounted on the annular groove 616, a microfiltration membrane 62 is fixedly mounted between the fixed rods 617, a scraping component is installed between the microfiltration membrane 62 and the sealing partition 4, and a driving component is installed between the microfiltration membrane 62 and the rotating shaft 66.

[0027] The scraping component includes a sealing ring 63 fixedly mounted on the sealing partition 4 , a collecting box 65 is fixedly mounted between the sealing ring 63 and the sealing partition 4 , and a scraper 64 is fixedly mounted on the collecting box 65 .

[0028] The driving component includes a toothed disc 612 fixedly mounted on the microfiltration membrane 62, a fixing frame 613 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 66, and a spring pusher 614 matched with the toothed disc 612 is mounted on the fixing frame 613; A rotating gear 67 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 66, an adjusting rod 69 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 1, a rack rod 610 meshing with the rotating gear 67 is fixedly installed on the adjusting rod 69, a square opening 611 is opened on the rack rod 610, and a push frame 68 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the sealing partition 4.

[0029] The liquid filtered by the microfiltration membrane 62 will drip into the water collection box 615 under the action of its own gravity.

[0030] The microfiltration membrane 62 and the sealing ring 63 are tightly fitted to ensure that when the microfiltration membrane 62 is stationary or rotated under force, the sewage above the sealing partition 4 must be filtered by the microfiltration membrane 62 before dripping into the water collection box 615.

[0031] When the weight of the water pressure drives the sealing partition 4 to start moving downward, the rotating shaft 66 can be driven to drive the fixing frame 613 and the spring pusher 614 to rotate counterclockwise (such as Figure 7 In the direction shown), at this time, the spring pusher 614 cooperates with the multiple teeth on the toothed disc 612 to drive the microfiltration membrane 62 to rotate together, so as to achieve the effect of replacing the part of the microfiltration membrane 62 used to filter sewage, which helps to improve the subsequent filtering effect and speed of the microfiltration membrane 62 on large particles of microplastics in sewage; After the microfiltration membrane 62 has filtered large particles of microplastics in sewage for a long time, these impurities are easily deposited on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 and in the filter holes thereon, causing the filtering effect and speed of the microfiltration membrane 62 on large particles of microplastics in sewage to gradually decrease.

[0032] The pressing force required for the contraction of the adjusting rod 69 is relatively large, so as to ensure that the sealing partition 4 drives the pushing frame 68 to start moving downward. The pushing frame 68 cooperates with the square opening 611 and does not apply downward pressing force to the rack rod 610. When the rack rod 610 is engaged with the rotating gear 67, the stability of the position of the rack rod 610 ensures that the rack rod 610 cooperates with the rotating gear 67 to drive the rotating shaft 66 to rotate.

[0033] When the microfiltration membrane 62 continues to filter the sewage thereon and the sewage above the sealing partition 4 gradually decreases, the sealing partition 4 can be gradually moved up and reset under the elastic force of the multiple compression springs 3. In this process, the rack rod 610 cooperates with the rotating gear 67 to drive the rotating shaft 66 to rotate clockwise and reset (such as Figure 7 In the direction shown, the multiple teeth on the toothed disc 612 cooperate to continuously drive the spring pusher 614 to deflect its position, that is, the continuous spring pusher 614 will not drive the microfiltration membrane 62 to rotate by cooperating with the toothed disc 612, thereby effectively ensuring the intermittent replacement effect of the equipment on the part of the microfiltration membrane 62 used to filter sewage.

[0034] At the same time, when the rotating shaft 66 is driven by the force to drive the microfiltration membrane 62 to rotate counterclockwise (such as Figure 6 In the direction shown), the impurities deposited on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 can be scraped off by the scraper 64, which can help improve the cleanliness of the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 and improve the subsequent sewage filtration treatment effect of this part of the microfiltration membrane 62. The impurities scraped off by the scraper 64 will eventually be collected in the collection box 65 under the action of gravity.

[0035] The scraper 64 is made of an elastic material, such as silicone, polyurethane, etc. The scraper 64 can adapt to the slight fluctuations on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 through its own elasticity, thereby reducing the wear on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 when scraping impurities on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62.

[0036] At the same time, a rotatable sealing door (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the filter box 1. Through the door body, the equipment can centrally collect and clean the impurities filtered out from the sealing partition 4 and the collection box 65 after completing the filtration of microplastics in the sewage.

[0037] like Fig. 9 - Fig.11 As shown, the cleaning assembly 7 includes an exhaust pipe 76 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 61 , an air supply component is installed between the exhaust pipe 76 and the filter box 1 , and a cleaning mechanism is installed in the fixed cylinder 61 .

[0038] The air supply component includes a cylinder 71 fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 1, and two cylinders 71 are provided, and the two cylinders 71 are fixedly connected with a one-way air inlet pipe 72 (and the two one-way air inlet pipes 72 are both penetrated and fixedly mounted on the filter box 1), and the cylinders 71 are fixedly connected with a one-way air supply pipe 75 (two one-way air supply pipes 75 are provided, and the parts located between the two cylinders 71 and the fixed cylinder 61 are made of elastic material), and one end of the two one-way air supply pipes 75 are fixedly connected with the exhaust pipe 76, and the two one-way air supply pipes 75 are both penetrated and fixedly mounted on the fixed cylinder 61; A spring push plate 73 is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 1 . There are two spring push plates 73 . A piston rod 74 is fixedly mounted on each of the two spring push plates 73 . The lower ends of the two piston rods 74 are sealed and slidably mounted in the corresponding cylinder 71 .

[0039] When the microfiltration membrane 62 is subjected to force and rotates counterclockwise (such as Fig.10 As shown in the direction, when the part of the microfiltration membrane 62 that filters the sewage moves to be opposite to the exhaust pipe 76, the lower end of the sealing partition 4 contacts the upper ends of the two spring push plates 73 and begins to compress them downward (such as Fig. 9 When the upper ends of the two spring push plates 73 are compressed and moved downward, the two piston rods 74 exert an extrusion force on the gas inside the corresponding cylinders 71 (in the initial state, the two cylinders 71 are full of gas), so that the gas buffered inside the two cylinders 71 can be input into the corresponding one-way air supply pipe 75, and finally ejected from the exhaust pipe 76; The impact force generated by the gas ejected from the exhaust pipe 76 can blow or remove impurities in the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane 62, which can help improve the subsequent filtering effect and speed of this part of the microfiltration membrane 62 on larger particles of microplastics in sewage.

[0040] At the same time, when the sealing partition 4 is forced to move upward, the two spring push plates 73 drive the corresponding piston rods 74 to gradually move upward and reset under the action of their own elastic force (such as Fig. 9 In the direction shown), the external gas can be continuously sucked into the corresponding cylinder 71 through two one-way air inlet pipes 72, so that it is convenient for the subsequent exhaust pipe 76 to clean the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane 62 by jetting.

[0041] like Fig. 9 - Fig.11As shown, the cleaning mechanism includes an arc-shaped limit plate 712 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 61, a return spring 713 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the arc-shaped limit plate 712, two return springs 713 are provided, a sliding block 714 is fixedly mounted between the two return springs 713, and the sliding block 714 is slidably mounted in the arc-shaped limit plate 712, a sponge roller 715 is fixedly mounted on the sliding block 714, and a force input component is installed between the sliding block 714 and the rotating shaft 66.

[0042] The force transmission component includes a rotating shaft 711 that penetrates and is rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder 61, a steel wire rope 716 is wound around the rotating shaft 711, and one end of the steel wire rope 716 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 714; a spur gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 711; A driving roller 77 is installed on the rotating shaft 66 through a one-way bearing, a limit frame 78 is fixedly installed on the fixed cylinder 61, a push rod 79 is slidably installed on the limit frame 78, and the upper end of the push rod 79 is slidably installed on the driving roller 77, and the lower end of the push rod 79 is fixedly installed with a rack rod 710 meshing with the spur gear.

[0043] When the sealing partition 4 is forced to move downward, the rotating shaft 66 drives the microfiltration membrane 62 to rotate counterclockwise (such as Fig.10 In the direction shown), at this time, the one-way bearing is in a rotatable state and cannot drive the sponge roller 715 to move.

[0044] When the microfiltration membrane 62 starts to rotate counterclockwise, the sponge roller 715, which is in a stationary state, can wipe and remove the residual impurities on the outer surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 in the rotating state through its soft and porous structure, thereby helping to further improve the cleaning effect of the outer surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, and help to further improve the continuous filtering effect and speed of the microfiltration membrane 62 on microplastics in sewage.

[0045] At the same time, in order to reduce the wear of the sponge roller 715 on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 during the process of wiping and cleaning the residual impurities on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, the sponge roller 715 needs to be made of an ultra-soft sponge material. The internal structure of this sponge material is relatively delicate, and the fibers are finer and more elastic. While ensuring the cleaning effect on the outer surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, it can also minimize the wear on the outer surface of the microfiltration membrane 62.

[0046] At the same time, in order to ensure the cleaning effect of the sponge roller 715 wiping and the exhaust pipe 76 jetting on the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, the initial position of the sponge roller 715 needs to be higher than the exhaust pipe 76, so as to ensure the impact force generated by the gas ejected from the exhaust pipe 76 to blow or blow out the impurities in the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane 62.

[0047] The sealing partition 4 drives the fixed cylinder 61 and the microfiltration membrane 62 to move upward and reset (such as Fig.10 As shown in the direction, when the rotating shaft 66 starts to rotate clockwise through the cooperation of the rack rod 1 610 and the rotating gear 67, the push rod 79 and the rack rod 2 710 can be driven to move back and forth once (as shown in the direction ... Fig.11 direction shown); When the rack rod 2 710 is forced to move to the left (such as Fig.11 In the direction shown in the figure), by cooperating with the spur gear and the rotating shaft 711, the rotating shaft 711 can rotate to reel in the wire rope 716. At this time, the traction force exerted by the wire rope 716 on the sliding block 714 can drive the sliding block 714 to drive the sponge roller 715 to move downward (as shown in the figure). Fig.10 In the direction shown), when the rack rod 2 710 is forced to move to the right, the rotating shaft 711 can be driven to reverse and release the wire rope 716. At this time, under the elastic force of the two reset springs 1 713, the sliding block 714 and the sponge roller 715 can be driven to move up and reset, so that the sponge roller 715 can move up and down once, and the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62 in a static state can be wiped and cleaned again, which helps to further improve the cleaning effect of the outer surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, and further improve its subsequent filtering effect and speed for larger particles of microplastics in sewage.

[0048] A plurality of circular holes are provided at the lower end of the fixed cylinder 61 and the lower end of the filter box 1. The purpose is that when the sponge roller 715 is wiped and the exhaust pipe 76 is blown to clean the surface of the microfiltration membrane 62, the cleaned impurities will be gathered inside the fixed cylinder 61 under the action of gravity, and when air is continuously blown into the microfiltration membrane 62, the gas inside the filter box 1 will gradually increase. Therefore, the multiple circular holes provided at the lower end of the fixed cylinder 61 and the filter box 1 can facilitate the discharge of the gas inside the filter box 1 and the impurities gathered inside the fixed cylinder 61.

[0049] like Fig.12 - Fig.14 As shown, the vibration cleaning assembly 8 includes a bubble generator 81 that is sealed and fixedly installed at the lower end of the purification box 2, and an air injection pipe 82 is installed on the bubble generator 81. A support plate (drawn in the figure but not marked, from Fig.12 As can be seen in the figure, a rotating rod 83 is installed on the support plate and is rotatably mounted, and the rotating rod 83 is fixedly connected to the jet pipe 82, a bevel gear 1 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod 83, a round rod 86 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the purification box 2, a water wheel 87 is fixedly mounted on the round rod 86, and a bevel gear 2 meshing with the bevel gear 1 is fixedly mounted on the round rod 86; A water pump 84 is fixedly installed on the purification box 2, and a water suction pipe 85 is fixedly connected between the water pump 84 and the water collecting box 615 (the water suction pipe 85 is arranged at a middle position between the fixed cylinder 61 and the water pump 84 and is made of elastic material), and the water suction pipe 85 passes through and is fixedly installed on the fixed cylinder 61, a drainage pipe is fixedly connected between the water pump 84 and the purification box 2, a debris collecting box 88 is fixedly installed on the purification box 2, and a vibrating component is installed on the purification box 2.

[0050] Microplastics in sewage can be divided into soft and hard types. Soft microplastics have certain elasticity and deformability, and are easily deformed under external pressure, so that soft microplastics whose initial size is larger than the aperture of the filter holes on the microfiltration membrane 62 are squeezed and deformed and pass through the filter holes. Therefore, when the microfiltration membrane 62 filters larger particles of microplastics in sewage, some soft microplastics and smaller particles of microplastics can easily pass through the microfiltration membrane 62 and collect in the water collection box 615.

[0051] Therefore, when the liquid collected in the water collecting box 615 gradually increases, the water pump 84 is started. When the water pump 84 is running (the operating power of the water pump 84 needs to be matched with the speed of filtering sewage by the microfiltration membrane 62), the liquid collected in the water collecting box 615 can be continuously input into the purification box 2 through the cooperation of the suction pipe 85 and the drainage pipe. When the liquid in the purification box 2 continues to increase, the bubble generator 81 is started. Through the operation of the bubble generator 81 and the cooperation of the jet pipe 82, microbubbles are continuously injected into the liquid, which can cause soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid to continuously float to the surface, thereby achieving further purification of microplastics in the liquid, which helps to improve the equipment's effect of removing microplastics in sewage.

[0052] During operation, the bubble generator 81 generates a large number of tiny bubbles, which continue to rise in the liquid and adsorb soft microplastics and smaller particles of microplastics in the liquid during the rising process. When the bubbles adhere to the surface, the buoyancy of the soft microplastics and smaller particles of microplastics is increased, causing them to rise together until they finally float to the surface. At the same time, the internal components of the bubble generator 81 and its specific working principle are all prior art and will not be further elaborated here (an exhaust hole is provided at the upper end of the purification box 2 to discharge excess gas inside the purification box 2).

[0053] At the same time, when the drain pipe continuously supplies water to the inside of the purification box 2, the impact force generated by the water flow on the water wheel 87 drives the round rod 86 to rotate, and through the cooperation of bevel gear 1, bevel gear 2 and rotating rod 83, the jet pipe 82 can be driven to rotate together, thereby helping to improve the uniformity of microbubbles injected into the liquid inside the purification box 2 by the bubble generator 81 and the jet pipe 82, and improve the uniformity and removal effect of further removing microplastics in the entire liquid inside the purification box 2.

[0054] When the liquid inside the purification box 2 increases continuously and the liquid level exceeds the discharge port at the upper end of the purification box 2 (from Fig.13 As can be seen in the figure, at this time, the soft microplastics and smaller microplastic particles floating on the surface of the liquid inside the purification box 2 will overflow into the collection box 88, thereby collecting the microplastics floating on the surface of the liquid inside the purification box 2; In order to further ensure the timeliness and pertinence of the equipment in collecting microplastics floating on the surface of the liquid, a conduit can be added at the lower end of the purification box 2, and an electric valve (not shown in the figure) can be installed on the conduit. When the liquid inside the purification box 2 exceeds the discharge port thereon, and the impurities floating on the water surface overflow into the collection box 88 with the water flow, the equipment can be stopped and the electric valve can be started to discharge the purified liquid inside the purification box 2 through the conduit. After the liquid inside the purification box 2 drops to a certain height, the equipment is restarted to allow the equipment to continue to purify the microplastics in the sewage.

[0055] At the same time, a sealing cover that can be snapped on and installed can be provided above the debris collection box 88. The sealing cover that can be easily removed can facilitate the staff to regularly clean the impurities such as microplastics and liquids collected inside the debris collection box 88 to ensure the subsequent continuous use of the debris collection box 88.

[0056] like Fig.12 - Fig.14 As shown, the vibration component includes a spring telescopic rod 89 fixedly mounted on the purification box 2, and two spring telescopic rods 89 are provided. A support block 810 is fixedly mounted on the two spring telescopic rods 89, and a knocking plate 811 is fixedly mounted on the two support blocks 810. A knocking frame 812 is fixedly mounted between the two support blocks 810, and two knocking frames 812 are provided; The left support block 810 is provided with a slot (such as Fig.14 As shown in the direction, a second return spring 814 is fixedly mounted on the groove body, a push block 815 matched with the rotating shaft 66 is fixedly mounted on the second return spring 814, and a limit rod 813 matched with the push block 815 is fixedly mounted on the purification box 2.

[0057] When the sealing partition 4 is driven by the force to drive the rotating shaft 66 to continue to move downward, the rotating shaft 66 contacts the push block 815 and presses the push block 815 to move downward together (such as Fig.14 The two support blocks 810 and the two knocking frames 812 move downward together until the raised circular shaft on the push block 815 (from Fig.14 As can be seen in the figure, the push block 815 is in contact with the limit rod 813. At this time, the limit rod 813 limits the push block 815, which causes the rotating shaft 66 to press against the push block 815, so that the push block 815 moves to the right until the rotating shaft 66 is separated from the push block 815. When the rotating shaft 66 is separated from the pushing block 815, the two supporting blocks 810 drive the two knocking frames 812 and the two knocking plates 811 to move upward rapidly under the action of the elastic force of the two spring telescopic rods 89, so that the two knocking plates 811 indirectly knock and vibrate the side walls of the purification box 2 through the collecting box 88, and the two knocking frames 812 knock and vibrate the bottom of the purification box 2. When the vibration force generated by the knocking and vibration of the purification box 2 is transmitted to the liquid, the vibration can further promote the dispersion of soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid, prevent them from agglomerating or precipitating, thereby increasing their contact opportunities with bubbles in the liquid, and further improve the uniformity of the distribution of bubbles in the liquid through vibration, thereby helping to further improve the removal effect of the equipment on soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid, and helping to improve the removal effect of the equipment on microplastics in the overall sewage.

[0058] Combination Fig. 9 and Fig.12 It can be seen that a sealing partition is provided on the rotating shaft 66, and a through opening is opened on the filter box 1, which can facilitate the rotating shaft 66 and the suction pipe 85 to be forced to reciprocate and rise and fall, and the sealing partition can effectively ensure the sealing of the connection between the upper end of the sealing partition 4 and the filter box 1, preventing sewage from overflowing therefrom.

[0059] A method for using a device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage, such as Fig.15 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Input the sewage into the filter box 1 and above the sealing partition 4, filter the larger particles of microplastics in the sewage through the microfiltration membrane 62, and collect the liquid after preliminary filtration through the water collection box 615; S2: When the weight of the sewage above the sealing partition 4 cooperates with the compression spring 3 to drive the sealing partition 4 to drive the fixed cylinder 61 and the microfiltration membrane 62 to move up and down, the part of the microfiltration membrane 62 used for filtering sewage can be replaced through the cooperation of the rotating shaft 66 and the driving component, thereby improving its subsequent sewage filtering speed, and in this process, the sewage filtering speed can be further accelerated through the liquid partition component 5; S3: When the fixed cylinder 61 and the microfiltration membrane 62 move up and down, the used parts of the microfiltration membrane 62 can be wiped and cleaned by blowing air in turn through the cooperation of the air supply component and the cleaning mechanism, which helps to further improve the subsequent filtration speed and effect of sewage; S4: When the liquid inside the water collection box 615 gradually increases, a large number of microbubbles can be injected into the liquid after preliminary filtration through the cooperation of the water pump 84 and the bubble generator 81, so that the soft microplastics and small-grained microplastics in the liquid gradually float to the surface, thereby achieving further purification of the sewage. In this process, the cooperation of the rotating shaft 66 and the vibrating component can further improve the purification effect of the sewage.

[0060] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and its improved conception within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient separation device for microplastics in domestic sewage, comprising a filter box (1) and a purification box (2), wherein a plurality of compression springs (3) are fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box (1), a sealing baffle (4) is fixedly mounted between the compression springs (3), and the sealing baffle (4) is sealingly slidably mounted in the filter box (1), a filter assembly (6) is arranged on the sealing baffle (4), a cleaning assembly (7) is arranged in the filter box (1), and a vibration cleaning assembly (8) is arranged on the purification box (2); Features: The filter assembly (6) comprises a fixed cylinder (61) fixedly mounted at the lower end of the sealing partition (4), a rotating shaft (66) penetrating and rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder (61), a water collecting box (615) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (61), an annular groove (616) formed in the fixed cylinder (61), and fixing rods (617) uniformly distributed in an annular shape slidably mounted on the annular groove (616), a microfiltration membrane (62) fixedly mounted between the fixing rods (617), a scraping component installed between the microfiltration membrane (62) and the sealing partition (4), and a driving component installed between the microfiltration membrane (62) and the rotating shaft (66); The cleaning assembly (7) comprises an exhaust pipe (76) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (61), an air supply component being installed between the exhaust pipe (76) and the filter box (1), and a cleaning mechanism being installed in the fixed cylinder (61).

2. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping component comprises a sealing ring (63) fixedly mounted on the sealing baffle (4), a collecting box (65) fixedly mounted between the sealing ring (63) and the sealing baffle (4), and a scraper (64) fixedly mounted on the collecting box (65).

3. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a toothed disc (612) fixedly mounted on the microfiltration membrane (62); a fixing frame (613) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (66); and a spring pusher (614) matching the toothed disc (612) is mounted on the fixing frame (613); A rotating gear (67) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (66); an adjusting rod (69) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box (1); a rack rod (610) meshing with the rotating gear (67) is fixedly mounted on the adjusting rod (69); a square opening (611) is formed on the rack rod (610); and a push frame (68) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the sealing partition (4).

4. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply component comprises a cylinder (71) fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box (1), two cylinders (71) are provided, both of the two cylinders (71) are fixedly connected to a one-way air inlet pipe (72), both of the cylinders (71) are fixedly connected to a one-way air supply pipe (75), and one end of the two one-way air supply pipes (75) are fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (76), and both of the two one-way air supply pipes (75) penetrate and are fixedly mounted on the fixed cylinder (61); A spring push plate (73) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box (1), two spring push plates (73) are provided, piston rods (74) are fixedly mounted on the two spring push plates (73), and the lower ends of the two piston rods (74) are sealed and slidably mounted in the corresponding cylinder (71).

5. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises an arc-shaped limit plate (712) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (61); a return spring (713) is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the arc-shaped limit plate (712); two return springs (713) are provided; a sliding block (714) is fixedly mounted between the two return springs (713); the sliding block (714) is slidably mounted in the arc-shaped limit plate (712); a sponge roller (715) is fixedly mounted on the sliding block (714); and a force input component is installed between the sliding block (714) and the rotating shaft (66).

6. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The force transmission component comprises a rotating shaft (711) penetrating through and rotatably mounted on the fixed cylinder (61); a steel wire rope (716) is wound around the rotating shaft (711), and one end of the steel wire rope (716) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (714); a spur gear is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (711); A driving roller (77) is mounted on the rotating shaft (66) via a one-way bearing, a limit frame (78) is fixedly mounted on the fixed cylinder (61), a push rod (79) is slidably mounted on the limit frame (78), and the upper end of the push rod (79) is slidably mounted on the driving roller (77), and a rack rod (710) meshing with a spur gear is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the push rod (79).

7. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration cleaning component (8) comprises a bubble generator (81) which is sealed and penetrates and is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the purification box (2); an air jet pipe (82) is mounted on the bubble generator (81); a support plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the purification box (2); a rotating rod (83) is penetrated and rotatably mounted on the support plate, and the rotating rod (83) is fixedly connected to the air jet pipe (82); a bevel gear 1 is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (83); a round rod (86) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the purification box (2); a water wheel (87) is fixedly mounted on the round rod (86); and a bevel gear 2 which meshes with the bevel gear 1 is fixedly mounted on the round rod (86); A water pump (84) is fixedly mounted on the purification box (2); a water suction pipe (85) is fixedly connected between the water pump (84) and the water collecting box (615); the water suction pipe (85) passes through and is fixedly mounted on the fixed cylinder (61); a drainage pipe is fixedly connected between the water pump (84) and the purification box (2); a debris collecting box (88) is fixedly mounted on the purification box (2); and a vibrating component is mounted on the purification box (2).

8. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration component comprises a spring telescopic rod 2 (89) fixedly mounted on the purification box (2), two spring telescopic rods 2 (89) are provided, a support block (810) is fixedly mounted on the two spring telescopic rods 2 (89), a knocking plate (811) is fixedly mounted on the two support blocks (810), a knocking frame (812) is fixedly mounted between the two support blocks (810), and two knocking frames (812) are provided; The support block (810) on the left side is provided with a groove body, a second return spring (814) is fixedly mounted on the groove body, a push block (815) matched with the rotating shaft (66) is fixedly mounted on the second return spring (814), and a limit rod (813) matched with the push block (815) is fixedly mounted on the purification box (2).

9. The device for efficiently separating microplastics from domestic sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid barrier component (5) is provided in the filter box (1), the liquid barrier component (5) comprising a spring telescopic rod (51) fixedly mounted on the top wall of the filter box (1), a sealing plate (52) fixedly mounted on the lower end of the spring telescopic rod (51), a sealing plate (53) fixedly mounted on the sealing plate (52), a connecting rod (54) fixedly mounted between the sealing plate (52) and the sealing partition (4), and two connecting rods (54) are provided; A spacer (56) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the filter box (1), and two of the spacers (56) are provided. A connecting frame (57) is sealingly and slidably mounted in each of the two spacers (56). A spring telescopic plate (58) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of each of the two connecting frames (57), and an extrusion plate (59) is fixedly mounted on each of the two spring telescopic plates (58). A limit block (510) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the filter box (1), and two of the limit blocks (510) are provided. A roller member (511) that matches the corresponding limit block (510) is fixedly mounted on each of the two extrusion plates (59). A push rod (55) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first sealing plate (52), and two of the push rods (55) are provided.

10. A method for using the device for efficiently separating microplastics in domestic sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: inputting sewage into the filter box (1) and above the sealing partition (4), filtering larger particles of microplastics in the sewage through the microfiltration membrane (62), and collecting the liquid after preliminary filtration through the water collection box (615); S2: When the weight of the sewage above the sealing baffle (4) cooperates with the compression spring (3) to drive the sealing baffle (4) to drive the fixed cylinder (61) and the microfiltration membrane (62) to move up and down reciprocatingly, the part of the microfiltration membrane (62) used for filtering sewage is replaced by the cooperation of the rotating shaft (66) and the driving component, thereby improving the subsequent sewage filtering speed. In the process, the sewage filtering speed is further accelerated by the liquid partition component (5); S3: while the fixed cylinder (61) and the microfiltration membrane (62) are moving up and down reciprocatingly, the air supply component and the cleaning mechanism cooperate to sequentially wipe and blow clean the used parts of the microfiltration membrane (62), thereby further improving the subsequent filtration speed and effect of sewage; S4: When the amount of liquid in the water collection box (615) gradually increases, a large number of microbubbles are injected into the liquid after preliminary filtration through the cooperation of the water pump (84) and the bubble generator (81), so that the soft microplastics and small-particle microplastics in the liquid gradually float to the surface, thereby achieving further purification of the sewage. In this process, the purification effect of the sewage is further improved through the cooperation of the rotating shaft (66) and the vibration component.

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