Novel photovoltaic module UV adhesive as well as preparation and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a novel photovoltaic module UV adhesive as well as preparation and application thereof. The photovoltaic module UV adhesive obtained by the method provided by the invention adopts the carbon dioxide-based polyol as a raw material, and compared with the traditional polyurethane acrylate, the strength is higher, and the anti-tear effect is better; compared with traditional epoxy acrylate, the epoxy acrylate has the advantages of higher flexibility, no aromatic benzene ring characteristic in structure, excellent weather resistance and yellowing resistance and better carbon emission reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a novel photovoltaic component UV glue and the preparation and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic panels are devices that use solar energy to generate electricity. The quality of the packaging of photovoltaic modules is crucial to their long-term performance and reliability. UV glue plays a key role in the packaging of photovoltaic modules. The special adhesion of UV glue can also ensure the strength and bonding strength of the module. UV glue can react with a variety of materials such as glass, aluminum, and silicon, so it can play an excellent supporting role for solar photovoltaic panels.

[0003] Acrylate monomer is the starting material for synthesizing UV glue. Its basic structure is the product obtained by the esterification reaction between acrylic acid (CH2=CH-COOH) or methacrylic acid (CH2=C(CH3)-COOH) and alcohol. The alcohols used are currently conventionally methanol, n-butanol, isopropanol and other alcohols. Although the UV glue prepared using the above conventional alcohols has good strength and weather resistance, there is still room for improvement. In addition, the use of the above alcohols as synthetic raw materials requires the consumption of more petrochemical resources, which does not meet the current dual carbon goals. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of photovoltaic module UV glue, the synthesis of which uses carbon dioxide-based polyester as the alcohol raw material in the glue product. Using this raw material can not only reduce the use of fossil resources, protect the environment and achieve green development, but also improve the performance of the prepared UV glue.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer, comprising the following steps: 1) Synthesis of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester: using carbon dioxide-based polyol and (meth)acrylic acid as starting materials, reacting in a solvent, in the presence of a catalyst and an inhibitor, under heating to produce (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester; 2) Synthesis of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer: In a reactor, the synthesized (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester is polymerized in a solvent in the presence of an initiator under heating to obtain the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer.

[0006] Preferably, in step 1), the carbon dioxide content of the carbon dioxide-based polyol used is 10-40wt%, the carbonate unit content is 30-70wt%, the hydroxyl value is 37-56mg KOH / g, and the viscosity is 6000-11000mPas / 70°C; the solvent used is toluene; the catalyst is one or more selected from sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid; the inhibitor is hydroquinone monomethyl ether; the reaction temperature is 110-140°C, and the reaction is terminated when the water is refluxed and separated until no water is separated.

[0007] Preferably, in step 2), the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile; the solvent is toluene; the specific reaction steps are: (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester and toluene are put into a reaction bottle and stirred evenly, azobisisobutyronitrile is dissolved in a small amount of toluene, slowly dripped into the bottle, slowly heated to 60-70°C, the reaction time is 4-6h, and after the reaction is completed, toluene and azobisisobutyronitrile are evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module UV glue, which comprises the following components by weight: 50-60% of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer, 30-40% of active diluent, 3-5% of photoinitiator, and 5-10% of thixotropic agent, wherein the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer is a (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer prepared by the method described above.

[0009] Preferably, the active diluent is one or more selected from HDDA, DPGDA, NPGDA and CTFA.

[0010] Preferably, the photoinitiator is one or more selected from 184, 1173, and TPO.

[0011] Preferably, the thixotropic agent is fumed silica.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing UV glue for photovoltaic modules, the method comprising mixing the following components by weight: 50-60% of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer, 30-40% of active diluent, 3-5% of photoinitiator, and 5-10% of thixotropic agent, wherein the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer is a (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer prepared by the method described above.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the photovoltaic module UV glue as described above, comprising applying the photovoltaic module UV glue to a photovoltaic module and curing it by irradiating it with ultraviolet rays.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic module UV glue is applied to the photovoltaic module by pneumatic dispensing or silk-screen printing.

[0015] Preferably, the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays used is 280-400 nm, and the irradiation time is 5-10 seconds.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester uses carbon dioxide-based polyol as a starting raw material, and the use of such raw materials can reduce the application of petrochemical energy, is more environmentally friendly, and can better achieve the country's dual-carbon goals. In addition, the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepared using carbon dioxide-based polyol as a raw material has multiple carbonyl structures on the main chain, and has higher strength and better tear resistance than traditional polyurethane acrylates; it is more flexible than traditional epoxy acrylates, does not have aromatic benzene ring characteristics in its structure, and has better weather resistance and yellowing resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicating the orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] The materials used in the following examples can all be purchased commercially, among which the active diluent and initiator are purchased from Zhide Chemical, and the active diluent brands are: CTFA (HN-CMP801), HDDA (HN-HD002, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate), NPGDA (HN-NPGDMA), DPGDA (HN-PG022); the photoinitiator purchase number is 184 (1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone), 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl phenyl propiophenone), TPO (diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide). Fumed silica is purchased from Evonik Chemical, and the number is A380. Polyurethane resin and epoxy resin are purchased from Yuanxin Materials, and the polyurethane acrylic resin is DR-U299, with a functionality of 2 and a molecular weight of 20,000~30,000; the epoxy acrylic resin is 6235, with a functionality of 2 and a molecular weight of 15,000~25,000. Example 1

[0021] Photovoltaic module UV glue contains the following raw materials by weight: The UV glue comprises 60 parts of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer, 30 parts of reactive diluent, 3 parts of photoinitiator and 7 parts of thixotropic agent.

[0022] The functionality of the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer is 2, and the molecular weight is 20000-30000; the active diluent is HDDA (1,6-hexanediol diacrylate), the photoinitiator is 184 initiator, and the thixotropic agent is fumed silica.

[0023] The preparation method is as follows: Mix 60 parts by weight of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer, 30 parts of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 3 parts of 184 initiator, and 7 parts of fumed silica in a high-speed stirrer. The material temperature does not exceed 50°C during the stirring and mixing process. Mix and stir in the dark. After the stirring and mixing is completed, evacuate the air to degas, store and package in the dark.

[0024] How to use: When using, the glue liquid is dispensed from the packaging tube. It can be applied by silk screen printing or dispensing. After the application is completed, use an LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 365nm to irradiate for 10S to cure. Example 2

[0025] The preparation of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer is as follows: In a dry 500mL three-necked flask, add toluene, then hydroquinone monomethyl ether and carbon dioxide-based polyol (purchased from Hefei Puli Advanced Materials Technology Co., Ltd. PCE230D) in sequence. Turn on the stirring device to mix the reaction system evenly, and then slowly add sulfuric acid solution. During the addition process, continue stirring, keep the temperature of the reaction system at 110~140℃, and reflux and separate water until no water is separated, and the reaction is over.

[0026] Then the obtained (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester and toluene are put into a reaction bottle and stirred evenly, azobisisobutyronitrile is dissolved in a small amount of toluene and slowly dripped into the bottle, and the temperature is slowly raised to 60-70°C. The reaction time is 4-6 hours. After the reaction is completed, toluene and azobisisobutyronitrile are evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer. Comparative Example 1

[0027] Photovoltaic module UV glue contains the following raw materials by weight: The UV glue includes 60 parts of prepolymer, 30 parts of reactive diluent, 3 parts of photoinitiator and 7 parts of thixotropic agent.

[0028] The prepolymer is polyurethane acrylic prepolymer, the active diluent is 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, the photoinitiator is 184 initiator, and the thixotropic agent is fumed silica.

[0029] The preparation method is as follows: 60 parts of polyurethane acrylic prepolymer, 30 parts of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 3 parts of 184 initiator and 7 parts of fumed silica were mixed evenly with a high-speed stirrer. The material temperature did not exceed 50°C during the mixing process. The mixture was stirred in a dark place. After the mixing was completed, the mixture was evacuated to degas and stored in a dark place for packaging.

[0030] How to use: When using, the glue liquid is dispensed from the packaging tube. It can be applied by silk screen printing or dispensing. After the application is completed, use an LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 365nm to irradiate for 10S to cure.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 Photovoltaic module UV glue contains the following raw materials by weight: The UV glue mainly includes 60 parts of prepolymer, 30 parts of active diluent, 3 parts of photoinitiator and 7 parts of thixotropic agent.

[0032] The prepolymer is epoxy acrylic prepolymer, the active diluent is 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, the photoinitiator is 184 initiator, and the thixotropic agent is fumed silica.

[0033] The preparation method is as follows: 60 parts by weight of epoxy acrylic prepolymer, 30 parts of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 3 parts of 184 initiator and 7 parts of fumed silica were mixed evenly with a high-speed stirrer. The material temperature did not exceed 50°C during the mixing process. The mixture was stirred in a dark place. After the mixing was completed, the mixture was evacuated to degas and stored in a dark place for packaging.

[0034] How to use: When using, the glue liquid is dispensed from the packaging tube. It can be applied by silk screen printing or dispensing. After the application is completed, use an LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 365nm to irradiate for 10S to cure.

[0035] The photovoltaic module UV adhesive obtained in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 was tested, as shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1:

[0037] Conclusion: Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were prepared under the same process conditions. There was no significant difference in appearance at room temperature after curing. They were all colorless and transparent. The hardness of the glue prepared by using polyurethane acrylic prepolymer in Comparative Example 1 was 7D lower than that of the prepolymer in Example 1. The hardness of Comparative Example 1 decreased more significantly at high temperatures. Its strength performance under high-temperature aging was not as good as that of the UV glue prepared in Example 1. The hardness of the UV glue prepared by using epoxy acrylic prepolymer in Comparative Example 2 was higher than that of Example 1, but the appearance of Comparative Example 2 changed significantly after high-temperature aging. Its high-temperature aging performance could not pass the test. The yellowing of the glue would affect the appearance of the component, and lead to poor light transmittance, affecting the power generation efficiency of the component. In summary, the UV glue prepared by using (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer in Example 1 has better performance, higher strength, and better high-temperature aging resistance.

[0038] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified and replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Synthesis of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester: using carbon dioxide-based polyol and (meth)acrylic acid as starting materials, reacting in a solvent, in the presence of a catalyst and an inhibitor, under heating to produce (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester; 2) Synthesis of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer: In a reactor, the synthesized (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester is polymerized in a solvent in the presence of an initiator under heating to obtain the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the carbon dioxide content of the carbon dioxide-based polyol used is 10-40wt%, the carbonate unit content is 30-70wt%, the hydroxyl value is 37-56mg KOH / g, and the viscosity is 6000-11000mPas / 70°C; the solvent used is toluene; the catalyst is one or more selected from sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid; the inhibitor is hydroquinone monomethyl ether; the reaction temperature is 110-140°C, and the reaction is terminated when the water is refluxed and separated until no water is separated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2), the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile; the solvent is toluene; the specific reaction steps are: (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester and toluene are put into a reaction bottle and stirred evenly, azobisisobutyronitrile is dissolved in a small amount of toluene, slowly dripped into the bottle, slowly heated to 60-70°C, the reaction time is 4-6h, and after the reaction is completed, toluene and azobisisobutyronitrile are evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide-based polyester prepolymer.

4. A photovoltaic module UV glue, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 50-60% of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer, 30-40% of active diluent, 3-5% of photoinitiator and 5-10% of thixotropic agent, wherein the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer is prepared by the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The photovoltaic module UV glue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The active diluent is one or more selected from HDDA, DPGDA, NPGDA and CTFA.

6. The photovoltaic module UV glue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photoinitiator is one or more selected from 184, 1173, and TPO.

7. The photovoltaic module UV glue according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thixotropic agent is fumed silica.

8. A method for preparing UV glue for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The method comprises mixing the following components by weight: 50-60% of (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer, 30-40% of active diluent, 3-5% of photoinitiator, and 5-10% of thixotropic agent, wherein the (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer is a (meth)acrylic acid carbon dioxide based polyester prepolymer prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

9. The method for using the photovoltaic module UV adhesive according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module UV glue is applied to the photovoltaic module and cured by ultraviolet irradiation.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The photovoltaic module UV glue is applied to the photovoltaic module by pneumatic dispensing or silk-screen printing.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The wavelength of ultraviolet light used is: 280-400nm, and the irradiation time is: 5-10S.

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