Construction method of lower support type composite floor slab

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a lower supporting type composite floor slab. The construction method comprises the following steps that 1, a steel part used for installing a supporting device is pre-buried in the lower surface of the composite floor slab; 2, a hanging point is arranged at the bottom of a cross beam on the layer where the composite floor slab is located, the end of a steel rope is fixed to the hanging point, and the steel rope is horizontally and transversely arranged below a composite floor slab installation area; 3, the supporting device is fixed to a steel part on the lower surface of the composite floor slab; and 4, the composite floor slabs are hoisted, so that the composite floor slabs fall on the cross beams, and the supports fall on the steel ropes. After the composite floor slab is hoisted, supporting force is provided at the bottom through the supporting devices and the steel ropes, so that the composite floor slab obtains enough bearing force, the steel ropes are fixed to the cross beams of the layer where the composite floor slab is located, floor slabs of all layers can be constructed at the same time, and the construction efficiency is improved; and on the other hand, the supporting device and the steel rope are both located below the composite floor slab, and construction work of the space above the composite floor slab is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to a construction method of a bottom-supported composite floor slab. Background Art

[0002] Composite floor is an assembled integral floor composed of prefabricated panels and cast-in-place reinforced concrete layers. Its construction method is: the prefabricated panels and the steel frames on the prefabricated panels are completed in the processing plant, transported to the construction site, hoisted to the designated floor, and then cast-in-place concrete on the surface of the prefabricated panels to form a complete floor. The advantage of composite floor is that it retains the advantages of prefabricated floor itself, while being able to conveniently lay various horizontal equipment and pipelines on the surface of the floor.

[0003] The composite floor slab was not fully poured with concrete during the prefabrication stage, resulting in insufficient strength and limited bearing capacity; therefore, during the hoisting construction of the traditional composite floor slab, a support structure needs to be pre-set at the bottom so that the composite floor slab can have sufficient bearing capacity during the construction stage. Since the support structure needs to be installed only after the lower floor slab is cast and reaches the expected strength, the installation of the stacked box floor slab must be carried out from bottom to top, affecting the construction progress. In order to improve the construction efficiency, the Chinese patent application "Construction Method of Prefabricated Composite Floor Slab" with application number 202211007052.2 provides a suspended prefabricated composite floor slab construction method, which sets a hanging point on the upper layer of the composite floor slab installation layer and suspends the composite floor slab with steel ropes. Although this construction method does not require bottom support for the hoisting of the composite floor slab, a lot of steel ropes are arranged in the upper space of the composite floor slab; however, the upper space of the composite floor slab is the construction space, and these steel ropes greatly affect various construction operations such as pipeline laying on the surface of the composite floor slab. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when the composite floor slab in the prior art is hoisted, it is necessary to set a support at the bottom of the composite floor slab or set a hanging steel rope at the top, which affects the construction efficiency or occupies the subsequent construction space.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a construction method of a bottom-supported composite floor slab, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Pre-embed steel parts for installing supports on the lower surface of the composite floor;

[0007] Step 2: Set a hanging point at the bottom of the beam on the layer where the composite floor is located, and fix the end of the steel rope on the hanging point so that the steel rope is horizontally placed under the installation area of ​​the composite floor;

[0008] Step 3: Fix the support to the steel member on the lower surface of the composite floor;

[0009] Step 4: Lift the composite floor slab so that it falls on the beams and the supports fall on the steel ropes.

[0010] The composite floor of the present invention relies on supports and steel ropes to provide supporting force at the bottom after hoisting, so that the composite floor obtains sufficient bearing capacity. The steel ropes are fixed on the beams of the layer where the composite floor is located, which is different from the traditional support frame installed on the floor of the lower layer, so that the floors of each layer can be constructed at the same time, thereby improving construction efficiency. On the other hand, the supports and steel ropes are both located below the composite floor, which does not affect the construction operations in the space above the composite floor.

[0011] Since it is difficult to avoid dimensional errors in construction, it is difficult to accurately control the distance between the horizontal steel rope and the composite floor in practical applications. If ordinary square steel is used as a support, it is difficult to ensure that the bottom surface of the composite floor obtains sufficient supporting force. To this end, the present invention provides a special support, which includes an outer tube, an inner tube and a main spring. The inner tube and the main spring are both located in the outer tube. One end of the main spring is connected to the inner tube and the other end falls on the bottom of the outer tube. The surface of the outer tube is provided with a rope groove along the length direction of the outer tube. When the composite floor is hoisted, the steel rope is embedded in the rope groove of the support at the bottom of the composite floor, that is, the bottom surface of the main spring falls on the steel rope, which makes the main spring compressed, and the main spring applies supporting force to the bottom surface of the composite floor through the inner tube. This design makes the supporting force of the bottom of the composite floor directly come from the main spring, which is convenient for controlling the size of the supporting force. Even if there are some errors in the distance between the composite floor and the horizontal steel rope, it will not cause a huge change in the size of the supporting force of the main spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the support device also includes a middle cylinder, the inner cylinder passes through the middle cylinder along the vertical direction, the bottom of the middle cylinder is truncated, a first steel ball and a first spring are arranged in the middle cylinder, the first steel ball is located at the truncated bottom of the middle cylinder and is distributed around the middle cylinder, and the first spring is located above the first steel ball; the top of the main spring is supported on the middle cylinder. The middle cylinder, the first steel ball and the first spring form a one-way moving mechanism, so that the middle cylinder can only move downward relative to the inner cylinder and cannot move upward; in practical applications, the compression amount of the main spring can be changed by moving the middle cylinder downward, and then the magnitude of the upward supporting force applied by the main spring to the composite floor through the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder is adjusted. In order to facilitate the downward movement of the middle cylinder, a hanging ear is arranged on the surface of the middle cylinder, and a rope and a hook are connected to the hanging ear. After the stacked box floor is hoisted, the worker temporarily adds a weight to the rope and the hook to move the displacement of the middle cylinder downward, so that the compression amount of the main spring increases. After removing the temporarily added weight, the supporting force of the support device on the composite floor increases.

[0013] During the application of the support of the present invention, the middle tube can only move downwards, but cannot move upwards; however, the support itself is not a disposable item and needs to be recycled and reused after the construction is completed; therefore, the present invention needs to set a corresponding mechanism for the middle tube to ensure that the middle tube can be readjusted to move upwards to the initial position after recycling. The specific method is as follows: a first return ring is also provided in the middle tube, the first return ring covers the inner tube and is located under the steel ball, and a return hole aligned with the first return ring is provided at the bottom of the middle tube; after removing the support, the worker inserts a push rod into the return hole, and uses the push rod to lift the first return ring and the first steel ball, so that the first steel ball is separated from the inner tube, and then the middle tube can freely move upwards to the initial position.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the rope groove is in a trumpet shape, which facilitates the steel rope to enter the rope groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a connector is provided on the top of the inner tube, a suspension rod is provided on the steel member, and the support is fixed on the suspension rod through the connector.

[0016] Specifically, the connector includes an outer cover, a second steel ball and a second spring. The outer cover is in the shape of a truncated cone with a small mouth and a large belly and is fixed on the top of the inner tube. The suspension rod is inserted into the outer cover from the top. The second steel ball is located in the upper mouth area of ​​the outer cover and is arranged around the suspension rod. The second spring presses against the second steel ball from below. By the same token, the outer cover, the second steel ball and the second spring form a one-way moving mechanism. The connector can only move up relative to the suspension rod and cannot move down. After the worker inserts the connector at the top of the support into the suspension rod, the entire support is firmly fixed on the suspension rod.

[0017] Correspondingly, in order to facilitate the disassembly of the supporter, the connector also includes a second return ring, which is sleeved around the suspension rod and is located above the second steel ball. A downward pull rod is provided on the second return ring, and a curved hook is provided at the bottom of the pull rod. By pulling down the second return ring, the second steel ball can be moved downward, the second steel ball is separated from the suspension rod, and the supporter can be removed.

[0018] In order to facilitate the disassembly of the support, the support is also equipped with a disassembly tool, which includes a long rod and a cylinder installed on the top of the long rod. The top of the cylinder is open and provided with an inwardly rolled portion. When disassembling the support, the support is fixed on the lower surface of the composite floor; the worker first comes to the lower layer of the composite floor, and the support is located on the floor above the worker's head. Then the worker holds the long rod and inserts the cylinder into the inner cylinder of the support, and uses the rolled portion of the cylinder to hook the hook portion of the pull rod, and then pulls down the disassembly tool to make the second return ring go down, the second steel ball separates from the suspension rod, and the support is automatically separated from the suspension rod; at this time, the support will be just on the cylinder of the disassembly tool, and the worker can slowly remove the support to complete the disassembly of the support; during the entire disassembly process, the worker is on the floor all the time, without the need to use a ladder or a door frame, which is safe and fast.

[0019] Beneficial effects: (1) After the lower-supported composite floor construction method of the present invention is hoisted, it relies on the support device and steel rope to provide support force at the bottom. The installation of the steel rope does not depend on the lower floor, so that the floors of each layer can be constructed at the same time, improving the construction efficiency; on the other hand, the support device and the steel rope are both below the composite floor, which does not affect the construction work in the space above the composite floor. (2) The lower-supported composite floor construction method of the present invention is provided with a main spring in the support device, and the main spring is used to provide direct support force for the composite floor, which is beneficial to reduce the influence of the dimensional error of the construction on the size of the support force. (3) The lower-supported composite floor construction method of the present invention is provided with a middle cylinder that can only move in one direction in the support device, so that after the composite floor is hoisted, the size of the support force applied by the support device to the composite floor can still be adjusted. (4) The lower-supported composite floor construction method of the present invention is provided with a connector at the top of the support device, so that the worker can install the support device by manually inserting the support device into the suspension rod, which is very convenient. (5) The construction method of the lower-supported composite floor of the present invention is equipped with corresponding disassembly tools, so that workers can stand on the floor and poke the long rod to release the connection between the support and the suspension rod and remove the support at the same time. The entire disassembly process is easy and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the front view of the composite floor in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the composite floor in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the support device in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the composite floor in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA cross-section diagram.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A enlarged view of .

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 B is an enlarged view of .

[0027] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the disassembly tool in Example 1.

[0028] Among them: 100, prefabricated floor; 200, steel frame; 300, steel parts; 310, suspension rod; 400, support; 410, outer cylinder; 411, rope groove; 420, inner cylinder; 430, main spring; 440, middle cylinder; 441, first steel ball; 442, first spring; 443, hanging ear; 444, rope; 445, hook; 446, first return ring; 447, return hole; 450, connector; 451, outer cover; 452, second steel ball; 453, second spring; 454, second return ring; 454-1, pull rod; 454-2, hook part; 500, disassembly tool; 510, long rod; 520, cylinder; 521, rolling part; 600, beam; 700, steel rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the composite floor slab of this embodiment includes a prefabricated floor slab 100, a steel frame 200 and a steel member 300. A portion of the steel frame 200 is located inside the prefabricated floor slab 100, and another portion is exposed above the prefabricated floor slab 100. During the construction phase, a complete floor slab can be formed by pouring concrete on the prefabricated floor slab 100. During the production phase of the prefabricated floor slab 100, the steel member 300 is pre-buried at the bottom of the prefabricated floor slab 100, and a hanger 310 is also provided on the bottom surface of the steel member 300.

[0032] The bottom-supported composite floor slab of this embodiment needs to be used during the construction phase. Figures 3 to 8 The supporter 400 and the disassembly tool 500 are shown. The supporter 400 includes an outer cylinder 410, an inner cylinder 420, a main spring 430, a middle cylinder 440 and a connector 450, wherein the inner cylinder 420, the middle cylinder 440 and the main spring 430 are vertically arranged in the outer cylinder 410. The surface of the outer cylinder 410 is provided with a rope groove 411 along the length direction of the outer cylinder 410, and the bottom of the rope groove 411 is in a bell-mouth shape.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner cylinder 420 passes through the middle cylinder 440 along the vertical direction. The bottom of the middle cylinder 440 is truncated cone-shaped. The middle cylinder 440 is provided with a first steel ball 441 and a first spring 442. The first steel ball 441 is located at the truncated cone-shaped bottom of the middle cylinder 440 and is distributed around the middle cylinder 440. The first spring 442 is located above the first steel ball 441. The top of the main spring 430 is supported on the middle cylinder 440. The middle cylinder 440, the first steel ball 441 and the first spring 442 form a one-way moving mechanism, so that the middle cylinder 440 can only move downward and cannot move upward relative to the inner cylinder 420. The surface of the middle cylinder 440 is provided with a hanging ear 443, and the hanging ear 443 is connected to a rope 444 and a hook 445. Obviously, if a weight is temporarily added to the rope 444 and the hook 445, the displacement of the middle cylinder 440 can be moved downward.

[0034] A first return ring 446 is also provided in the middle cylinder 440. The first return ring 446 is sleeved over the inner cylinder 420 and is located under the steel ball. A return hole 447 aligned with the first return ring 446 is provided at the bottom of the middle cylinder 440. After removing the support 400, if a worker uses a push rod to insert the return hole 447 and use the push rod to lift the first return ring 446 and the first steel ball 441, the first steel ball 441 is separated from the inner cylinder 420, and then the middle cylinder 440 can freely move up to the initial position.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a connector 450 is provided at the top of the inner cylinder 420, and the connector 450 includes an outer cover 451, a second steel ball 452, a second spring 453 and a second return ring 454. The outer cover 451 is in the shape of a truncated cone with a small mouth and a large belly and is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder 420, and the suspension rod 310 is inserted into the outer cover 451 from the top, and the second steel ball 452 is located in the upper mouth area of ​​the outer cover 451 and is arranged around the suspension rod 310, and the second spring 453 presses against the second steel ball 452 from the bottom; for the same reason, the outer cover 451, the second steel ball 452 and the second spring 453 form a one-way moving mechanism, and the connector 450 can only move up relative to the suspension rod 310 and cannot move down; after the worker inserts the connector 450 at the top of the supporter 400 into the suspension rod 310, the entire supporter 400 is firmly fixed on the suspension rod 310. The second return ring 454 is sleeved over the suspension rod 310 and is located above the second steel ball 452. A downward pull rod 454-1 is provided on the second return ring 454, and a hook portion 454-2 is provided at the bottom of the pull rod 454-1. By pulling down the second return ring 454, the second steel ball 452 can be moved downward, the second steel ball 452 is separated from the suspension rod 310, and the support device 400 can be removed.

[0036] like Figure 8As shown, the disassembly tool 500 includes a long rod 510 and a cylinder 520 installed on the top of the long rod 510 . The top of the cylinder 520 is open and is provided with an inwardly rolled portion 521 .

[0037] The construction method of the lower-supported composite floor slab of this embodiment is:

[0038] Step 1: Produce in the processing plant Figure 1 and Figure 2 The composite floor slab shown in the figure has a steel member 300 embedded in the lower surface of the composite floor slab for installing the support 400; the composite floor slab is then transported to the construction site;

[0039] Step 2: If Figure 4 As shown, a hanging point is set at the bottom of the beam 600 of the layer where the composite floor is located, and the end of the steel rope 700 is fixed to the hanging point, so that the steel rope 700 is horizontally placed under the installation area of ​​the composite floor;

[0040] Step 3: If Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the worker aligns the connector 450 on the top of the support 400 with the suspension rod 310 and inserts them into each other, and fixes the support 400 on the suspension rod 310;

[0041] Step 4: Figure 4 As shown, the composite floor is hoisted so that both ends of the composite floor fall on the crossbeam 600, the rope groove 411 of the support 400 is aligned with the steel rope 700, and the steel rope 700 is inserted into the rope groove 411 and contacts the bottom of the main spring 430, so that the main spring 430 is compressed;

[0042] Step 5: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to the actual installation situation, workers temporarily add weights to the rope 444 and the hook 445 to move the middle tube 440 downward, thereby increasing the compression of the main spring 430. After removing the temporarily added weights, the supporting force of the support 400 on the composite floor increases; through this adjustment method, all supports 400 apply a supporting force on the composite floor that is basically the same in size and within the design range.

[0043] In the construction method of the lower-supported composite floor of this embodiment, the installation of the steel rope 700 does not depend on the lower floor, so that the floors of each layer can be constructed at the same time, improving the construction efficiency; on the other hand, the support 400 and the steel rope 700 are both located below the composite floor, which does not affect the construction work in the space above the composite floor. After the equipment on the composite floor is laid and the concrete is poured in place, the composite floor has the design strength and no longer needs support. At this time, the support should be removed. The specific method is:

[0044] (1) Remove the steel rope 700, and the support 400 is still suspended at the bottom of the composite floor;

[0045] (2) The worker stands on the lower floor, holding Figure 8 The long rod 510 of the disassembly tool 500 is then inserted from bottom to top into the cylinder 520 at the top of the long rod 510. Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in the inner cylinder 420, the rolled portion 521 of the cylinder 520 is used to hook the hook portion 454-2 of the pull rod 454-1, and then the disassembly tool 500 is pulled down to make the second return ring 454 move downward, the second steel ball 452 is separated from the suspension rod 310, and the support 400 is automatically separated from the suspension rod 310; at this time, the support 400 will be just mounted on the cylinder 520 of the disassembly tool 500, and the worker can slowly remove the support 400 to complete the disassembly of the support 400.

[0046] During the entire dismantling process, the workers are on the floor all the time, without the need to use ladders or gantry cranes, which is safe and quick.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in the specification, these embodiments are only for reference and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions and changes within the scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Pre-embed steel parts for installing supports on the lower surface of the composite floor; Step 2: Set a hanging point at the bottom of the beam on the layer where the composite floor is located, and fix the end of the steel rope on the hanging point so that the steel rope is horizontally placed under the installation area of ​​the composite floor; Step 3: Fix the support to the steel member on the lower surface of the composite floor; Step 4: Lift the composite floor slab so that it falls on the beams and the supports fall on the steel ropes.

2. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device includes an outer tube, an inner tube and a main spring. The inner tube and the main spring are both located in the outer tube. One end of the main spring is connected to the inner tube and the other end falls on the bottom of the outer tube. The surface of the outer tube is provided with a rope groove along the length direction of the outer tube.

3. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support device also includes a middle cylinder, the inner cylinder passes through the middle cylinder in a vertical direction, the bottom of the middle cylinder is truncated cone-shaped, a first steel ball and a first spring are arranged in the middle cylinder, the first steel ball is located at the truncated cone-shaped bottom of the middle cylinder and is distributed around the middle cylinder, and the first spring is located above the first steel ball; the top of the main spring is supported on the middle cylinder.

4. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first return ring is also arranged in the middle cylinder, which covers the inner cylinder and is located below the steel ball. A return hole aligned with the first return ring is arranged at the bottom of the middle cylinder.

5. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the middle tube is provided with a hanging ear, and the hanging ear is connected with a rope and a hook.

6. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the rope groove is in a bell-mouth shape.

7. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connector is arranged on the top of the inner tube, a suspension rod is arranged on the steel member, and the support is fixed on the suspension rod through the connector.

8. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connector includes an outer cover, a second steel ball and a second spring. The outer cover is in the shape of a truncated cone with a small mouth and a large belly and is fixed on the top of the inner tube. The suspension rod is inserted into the outer cover from the top. The second steel ball is located in the upper mouth area of ​​the outer cover and is arranged around the suspension rod. The second spring presses against the second steel ball from the bottom.

9. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connector also includes a second return ring, which covers the suspension rod and is located above the second steel ball. A downward pull rod is arranged on the second return ring, and a hook portion is arranged at the bottom of the pull rod.

10. The method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support is also equipped with a disassembly tool, which includes a long rod and a cylinder installed on the top of the long rod, the top of the cylinder is open and is provided with an inwardly rolled portion.

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