Self-heating inertia-level blade capable of automatically changing size of water conveying groove and thickness of blade according to airflow speed

Abstract

The thickness of the blades and the size of the water conveying groove can be automatically changed according to the airflow speed, the liquid drop capturing and conveying capacity of the inertia-level blades is adjusted by changing the distance between the inertia-level blades and the size of the water conveying groove, and the problem that the water conveying groove is blocked is solved; and the high-efficiency gas-water separation efficiency of the inertia-level blade under different airflow velocity conditions is ensured. Meanwhile, under the condition that no extra input energy is needed, when the temperature of incoming flow air is reduced to 0 DEG C or below, the inertia-level blade automatically heats by means of friction and collision of spherical protrusions formed by cold expansion of a surface self-heating coating, the temperature of the wall face of the inertia-level blade is increased, the problem that the inertia-level blade is prone to icing when used in a low-temperature environment is solved, and the service life of the inertia-level blade is prolonged. And it is guaranteed that the inertia-level blade has the optimal aerodynamic characteristic and the optimal gas-water separation efficiency in the low-temperature environment. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in processing, high efficiency, reliability and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of inertia stage blades in an air intake filter device, and in particular relates to a self-heating inertia stage blade which automatically changes the size of a water delivery trough and the thickness of a blade according to air flow velocity. Background Art

[0002] The inertia stage blade is a main component installed in the filter device of the gas turbine intake system. It is used to filter out solid and liquid particles, as well as impurities such as salt spray aerosols in the air inhaled by the gas turbine. The main purification object is the salt spray liquid particles floating in the marine environment. With the rapid development of gas turbine design and manufacturing technology, the output power of gas turbines is increasing, and its inlet air flow rate is also increasing. Taking GE's LM2500 series gas turbine as an example, the output power and inlet air flow data of the gas turbine are shown in Table 1.

[0003] Table 1 LM2500 series gas turbine output power and inlet air flow data

[0004]

[0005] It can be found from Table 1 that as the output power of the LM2500 series gas turbines continues to increase, their inlet air flow rate is also increasing. Due to the space limitations of the ship gas turbine intake system, when the intake flow area remains unchanged, as the inlet air flow rate of the gas turbine increases, the flow rate of the airflow through the inertia stage blades of the intake filter device increases accordingly. In addition, when the gas turbine quickly maneuvers from low operating conditions to high operating conditions, the speed of the airflow through the inertia stage blades will also increase. With the increase in the speed of the airflow, the amount of salt spray droplets carried in the incoming air per unit time increases sharply, which will put great pressure on the instantaneous water delivery and purification capacity of the inertia stage blades. At present, the inertia stage blades capture and collect liquid particles in the incoming air through the deflected water delivery trough structure to improve the intake quality of the gas turbine. However, when the number of liquid particles in the air increases sharply, the purification efficiency of the inertia stage blades will be seriously affected. On the one hand, the droplets spread on the inner wall of the water tank to form a liquid film, which cannot fall by gravity and be effectively collected; on the other hand, the droplets may "secondarily splash" on the outer wall due to the high-speed airflow, and mix into the incoming air again, reducing the intake quality. In addition, the accumulation of droplets will cause the water tank to be blocked in a short period of time, weakening its ability to capture and transport droplets, further threatening the stable operation of the gas turbine.

[0006] At the same time, as ships sail to the open sea and the North and South Poles, the operating environment of marine gas turbines has become more severe. Faced with extreme sea conditions such as huge waves, freezing rain, and blizzards, the gas turbine intake air will be mixed with a large amount of salt spray liquid, supercooled water droplets and ice crystal particles, and the inertia stage blades will have serious icing problems, which will seriously affect the aerodynamic resistance and gas-water separation efficiency of the inertia stage blades. When the ship is sailing in low-temperature waters, the supercooled droplets and ice crystal particles generated by severe sea conditions such as sea spray, freezing rain, ice and snow will be captured by the inertia stage blades and will freeze quickly. In a short period of time, a large amount of ice will accumulate on the surface of the blades. A large amount of ice accumulation will seriously block the water delivery trough of the inertia stage blades, greatly reducing the ability of the water delivery trough to capture and transport droplets, resulting in a serious decline in the gas-water separation efficiency of the inertia stage blades, which will not be able to meet the gas turbine's requirements for intake air quality. In addition, when the volume of ice accumulation is too large, it is very easy to break, and the broken ice will enter the gas turbine intake system with the high-speed airflow, which is very likely to cause mechanical damage to the intake system components and gas turbine inlet components, seriously threatening the safe operation of the gas turbine. Therefore, the icing of the inertia stage blades will seriously affect the efficient, stable and safe operation of the gas turbine.

[0007] According to the design principle of the inertia stage blade, although the droplet separation efficiency can be improved by increasing the blade thickness or enlarging the water delivery trough size to solve the problem under high flow rate and large water volume conditions, this will also increase the aerodynamic resistance, resulting in a loss of total intake pressure, which cannot meet the requirements of daily operation of the gas turbine. If thinner blades or conventional-sized water delivery troughs are used, although the aerodynamic resistance can be reduced, the separation efficiency and delivery capacity are insufficient under the conditions of high flow rate and large number of droplets, and the intake quality of the gas turbine under different working conditions cannot be ensured. At the same time, the more mature anti-icing measures currently include: an air bleed device that uses a boiler to provide high-temperature steam to increase the intake temperature; and an electric heating film attached to the surface to increase the surface temperature of the inertia stage blade. Both methods require the ship's power system to provide additional energy input for a specific anti-icing device, and also require professionals to manually operate the opening, closing and power adjustment of the anti-icing device. In addition, the complex air bleed structure will also cause additional aerodynamic resistance loss to the entire intake system. External anti-icing devices will affect the efficient and stable operation of the gas turbine. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a self-heating air intake filter device that can automatically adjust the blade thickness and water trough size according to the incoming air flow rate, so as to continuously improve the purification and separation efficiency of the inertia stage blades without significantly increasing the resistance loss, solve the problem of ice accumulation on the inertia stage blades, and ensure the long-term stable and efficient operation of the gas turbine. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the size of the water delivery trough and the thickness of the blade according to the air flow velocity. Under the condition of a large amount of salt mist liquid particles intake, the liquid particles can be quickly transported and the droplet particles can be continuously captured and adsorbed. In addition, the inertia-stage blades are protected from icing in cold sea areas, thereby improving the intake quality of the gas turbine.

[0009] A self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the size of a water delivery trough and the thickness of a blade according to the air flow velocity is used to separate a gas-water mixed air flow at -10°C to 0°C; the inertia-stage blade comprises an inlet guide plate, an outlet guide plate and a water delivery unit; the water delivery unit has multiple groups, including a transition guide plate and a water delivery trough; the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plates of each group of water delivery units all adopt the same three-layer sandwich form, including an upper metal material plate, a central core layer structure plate and a lower metal material plate, the upper metal material plate and the lower metal material plate are evenly provided with microporous structures, the central core layer structure plate adopts a first thermally sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, when the air flow velocity is greater than a critical value, the surface temperature of the inertia-stage blade is lower than the first thermally sensitive differential shrinkage composite material The critical value of the shrinkage composite material is reached, and the central core layer structural plate material only changes in size in the vertical direction, so that the blade thickness of the inertia stage blade changes; the water delivery troughs of each group of water delivery units adopt the same second thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material. When the airflow speed is greater than the critical value, the surface temperature of the water delivery trough is lower than the critical value of the second thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and the water delivery trough only changes in size in the length direction; the outer wall surfaces of the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plate of each group of water delivery units are provided with a self-heating coating, and the self-heating coating undergoes a stereotyped expansion after contacting a cold airflow below the temperature critical value, and the elastic spherical protrusions formed by the expansion collide with each other and rub to generate heat under the influence of the airflow, thereby ensuring that the surface of the inertia stage blade does not freeze.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple groups of inertia stage blades are arranged vertically facing the direction of airflow, each group of inertia stage blades are parallel to each other and maintain a distance between them, an airflow channel is formed between two adjacent groups of inertia stage blades, the inlet guide plate and the outlet guide plate are arranged parallel to the direction of airflow, and the opening direction of the water delivery trough of each water delivery unit is toward the direction of airflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the installation angle range between the inlet guide plate and the transition guide plate is 135° to 165°; the installation angle range between the transition guide plates of adjacent water transfer units is 90° to 150°.

[0012] Furthermore, in the initial state, the thickness of the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plate of each group of water transfer units is L, the thickness of the upper metal material plate is the same as that of the lower metal material plate, the thickness L1 of the central core layer structure plate is L1∈[0.3L,0.5L], and the thickness of the central core layer structure plate is automatically adjusted within the range of L1 to 8.5L1 under the influence of air flow velocity.

[0013] Furthermore, the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material constituting the central core layer structural plate is designed according to the actual application conditions of the inertia stage blade. If the maximum velocity of the airflow in the application condition is known to be x max , then the first heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed to satisfy the following deformation formula:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, y1(x) is the deformation of the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, x is the airflow velocity; x1 is the critical airflow velocity at which the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material begins to deform, x1=x max / 1.8; x2 is the airflow velocity that causes the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material to deform, that is, after x>x2, the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material will no longer continue to expand, x2=x max ; a is the deformation parameter of the first thermosensitive shrinkage composite material, a=1±0.2.

[0016] Furthermore, in the initial state, the length L2 of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is L2∈[8L,10L], and under the influence of the air flow velocity, the length of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is automatically adjusted within the range of L2 to 1.375L2.

[0017] Furthermore, the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material constituting the water delivery trough of each water delivery unit is designed according to the actual application conditions of the inertia stage blade. If the maximum velocity of the airflow in the application condition is known to be x max , then the second heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed to satisfy the following deformation formula:

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, y2(x) is the deformation amount of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, b is the deformation parameter of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and b=0.8±0.1.

[0020] Furthermore, a transition section is provided between the water delivery trough and the transition guide plate, and the length of the transition section is 0.8L~L.

[0021] Furthermore, the critical temperature of the self-heating coating for final expansion is 0°C to 2°C, the thickness of the self-heating coating is 0.15L to 0.25L, the diameter of the elastic spherical protrusions after the self-heating coating has finalized expansion is 0.1L to 0.3L, and the spacing between the elastic spherical protrusions is 0.15L to 0.25L.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention can automatically change the thickness of the blades and the size of the water trough according to the size of the air flow velocity, and adjust the strength of the inertia-stage blades' ability to capture and transport droplets by changing the spacing of the inertia-stage blades and the size of the water trough, and solve the problem of water trough blockage, thereby ensuring the efficient gas-water separation efficiency of the inertia-stage blades under different air flow velocity conditions. At the same time, without the need for additional energy input, when the incoming air temperature drops below 0°C, the inertia-stage blades rely on the friction and collision of the spherical protrusions formed by the expansion of the surface self-heating coating when it is cold, thereby increasing the wall temperature of the inertia-stage blades, solving the problem of the inertia-stage blades being prone to freezing when used in a low-temperature environment, and ensuring that the inertia-stage blades have optimal aerodynamic characteristics and gas-water separation efficiency in a low-temperature environment. The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient processing, high efficiency and reliability, and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1a It is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1b It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2a It is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the water channel length is 8.3 mm (not extended).

[0027] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the water channel length is 9.8mm (extended 1.5mm).

[0028] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the water channel length is 11.3mm (elongation 3.0mm).

[0029] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the blade thickness is 1.2 mm (not extended).

[0030] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the blade thickness is 2.2 mm (elongation 1 mm).

[0031] Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram of the inertia stage blade structure when the blade thickness is 3.2 mm (elongation 2 mm).

[0032] Figure 4a It is a schematic diagram of the self-heating coating structure at the flat plate.

[0033] Figure 4b It is a schematic diagram of the self-heating coating structure at the bent plate.

[0034] Figure 5 It is the velocity field and the motion trajectory distribution diagram of droplet particles in the inertial blade channel. Among them, (a) is the velocity field distribution diagram in the inertial blade channel when the water trough length is 8.3mm and the blade thickness is 1.2mm (not stretched); (b) is the motion trajectory distribution diagram of droplet particles in the inertial blade channel of the corresponding structure. (c) is the velocity field distribution diagram in the inertial blade channel when the blade thickness is 3.2mm (stretched 2mm); (d) is the motion trajectory distribution diagram of droplet particles in the inertial blade channel of the corresponding structure. (e) is the velocity field distribution diagram in the inertial blade channel when the water trough length is 11.3mm (stretched 3.0mm); (f) is the motion trajectory distribution diagram of droplet particles in the inertial blade channel of the corresponding structure.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional arrangement of the present invention in the installed state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The present invention provides a self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the size of the water delivery trough and the thickness of the blade according to the air flow velocity, and is used to separate the gas-water mixed air flow at -10℃ to 0℃; the inertia-stage blade includes an inlet guide plate, an outlet guide plate and a water delivery unit; the installation angle between the inlet guide plate and the transition guide plate ranges from 135° to 165°; the installation angle between the transition guide plates of adjacent water delivery units ranges from 90° to 150°. A transition section is provided between the water delivery trough and the transition guide plate, and the length of the transition section is 0.8L to L.

[0039] Multiple groups of inertia stage blades are arranged vertically facing the direction of airflow, each group of inertia stage blades are parallel to each other and maintain a distance between them, an airflow channel is formed between two adjacent groups of inertia stage blades, the inlet guide plate and the outlet guide plate are arranged parallel to the direction of airflow, and the opening direction of the water delivery trough of each water delivery unit faces the direction of airflow.

[0040] The water delivery unit includes a transition guide plate and a water delivery trough; the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plates of each group of water delivery units all adopt the same three-layer sandwich form, including an upper metal material plate, a central core layer structural plate and a lower metal material plate, the upper metal material plate and the lower metal material plate are both provided with microporous structures, the central core layer structural plate adopts a first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, when the air flow velocity is greater than a critical value, the surface temperature of the inertia stage blade is lower than the critical value of the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, the central core layer structural plate only undergoes a dimensional change in the vertical direction, so that the blade thickness of the inertia stage blade changes; the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units adopts the same second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, when the air flow velocity is greater than a critical value, the surface temperature of the water delivery trough is lower than the critical value of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and the water delivery trough only undergoes a dimensional change in the length direction.

[0041] The outer wall of the inlet guide plate, outlet guide plate and transition guide plate of each group of water delivery units is provided with a self-heating coating. After the self-heating coating contacts the cold airflow below the critical temperature, it will expand. The elastic spherical protrusions formed by the expansion will collide and rub against each other under the influence of the airflow to generate heat, ensuring that the surface of the inertia-stage blades does not freeze. The critical temperature for the self-heating coating to expand is 0℃~2℃, the thickness of the self-heating coating is 0.15L~0.25L, the diameter of the elastic spherical protrusions after the self-heating coating is expanded is 0.1L~0.3L, and the distance between the elastic spherical protrusions is 0.15L~0.25L.

[0042] In the initial state, the thickness of the inlet guide plate, outlet guide plate and transition guide plate of each group of water delivery units is L, the thickness of the upper metal plate is the same as that of the lower metal plate, the thickness L1 of the central core structure plate is L1∈[0.3L,0.5L], and the thickness of the central core structure plate is automatically adjusted within the range of L1 to 8.5L1 under the influence of the airflow velocity. In the initial state, the length L2 of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is L2∈[8L,10L], and the length of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is automatically adjusted within the range of L2 to 1.375L2 under the influence of the airflow velocity.

[0043] The heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed according to the actual application conditions of the inertia-stage blade. If the maximum airflow velocity in the application condition is known to be x max , then the first heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed to satisfy the following deformation formula:

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, y1(x) is the deformation of the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, x is the airflow velocity; x1 is the critical airflow velocity at which the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material begins to deform, x1=x max / 1.8; x2 is the airflow velocity that causes the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material to deform, that is, after x>x2, the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material will no longer continue to expand, x2=x max ; a is the deformation parameter of the first thermosensitive shrinkage composite material, a=1±0.2.

[0046] Design the second heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material to satisfy the following deformation formula:

[0047]

[0048] Wherein, y2(x) is the deformation amount of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, b is the deformation parameter of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and b=0.8±0.1.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] like Figure 1a As shown, the inertia stage blade is composed of four water delivery units. The inlet guide plate 1 is connected to the first water delivery trough 3 through the first transition guide plate 2. The first water delivery trough 3 is connected to the second water delivery trough 5 through the second transition guide plate 4, the second water delivery trough 5 is connected to the third water delivery trough 7 through the third transition guide plate 6, and the third water delivery trough 7 is connected to the fourth water delivery trough 9 through the fourth transition guide plate 8. The fourth water delivery trough 9 is connected to the outlet guide plate 10. The thickness of the inertia stage blade is uniform, and the blade thickness is L.

[0051] like Figure 1b As shown, the first water trough 3, the second water trough 5, the third water trough 7 and the fourth water trough 9 of the inertia stage blade are made of a heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material. The water trough structure changes in size only in the length direction, and does not change significantly in other directions. The water trough is installed in the normal direction of the transition guide plate, at a length position of 0.8L to 1.0L from the outer surface of the transition guide plate, and the installation line of the composite material and the transition guide plate metal material is parallel to the tangent direction of the transition guide plate. The inlet guide plate 1, the first transition guide plate 2, the second transition guide plate 4, the third transition guide plate 6, the fourth transition guide plate 8 and the outlet guide plate 10 of the inertia stage blade are three-layer sandwich structures. The upper and lower layers of each plate are made of metal material, and a large number of microporous structures are evenly distributed on the metal material plate. The core layer is made of a heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material 11, and the core layer structure changes in size only in the direction perpendicular to the incoming flow, and does not change significantly in other directions. When no deformation occurs, the thickness of the core layer structure plate is 0.3L~0.5L. At this time, in the thickness direction of the inertia stage blade, the thickness ratio of the upper metal plate, the core composite material plate, and the lower metal plate is 3:4:3.

[0052] like Figure 4a and Figure 4bAs shown, a self-heating coating 12 is arranged on the surface of each folding plate structure of the inertia stage blade, namely the inlet guide plate 1, the first transition guide plate 2, the second transition guide plate 4, the third transition guide plate 6, the fourth transition guide plate 8, and the outlet guide plate 10. The coating thickness is about 0.2L. When the ambient temperature is lower than 0°C, the self-heating coating begins to expand. Micro spherical protrusions with regular arrangement, uniform size and fixed shape are formed on the surface of the inertia stage blade. The diameter of the elastic spherical protrusions after the self-heating coating is expanded is 0.1L~0.3L, and the spacing between the elastic spherical protrusions is 0.15L~0.25L. These spherical protrusions can move irregularly under the action of the intake airflow. The random collision and friction between the spherical protrusions will generate a large amount of heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the wall temperature of the inertia stage blade. There is no self-heating coating on the wall of the water trough.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, each inertia-stage blade consists of an inlet and outlet guide plate, four water delivery troughs and four transition guide plates. The length of the entire blade along the flow direction is approximately 100L to 120L, and the thickness of the blade is uniform. Several blades are arranged vertically facing the incoming direction of the airflow, and the inlet guide plate 1 and the outlet guide plate 10 are arranged parallel to the airflow direction. The blades are parallel to each other and work with equal spacing. The blade spacing is 10.0L. In order to suppress airflow separation, the air inlet edge of the inlet guide plate 1 and the air outlet edge of the outlet guide plate 10 are both arc-shaped transitions instead of sharp straight edges. The inlet guide plate 1 is connected to the first transition guide plate 2 in an arc, and the installation angle range is 135° to 180°. The outlet guide plate 10 is connected to the fourth transition guide plate 8 in an arc, and the installation angle range is 135° to 180°.

[0054] Compared with the traditional inertial stage blades, the present invention can automatically change the thickness of the inertial stage blades and the size of the water delivery trough according to the size of the incoming air velocity, thereby adjusting the strength of the inertial stage blades to capture and transport droplets, and ensuring the efficient gas-water separation efficiency of the inertial stage blades under different air intake conditions. Solve the problem of the decline in the intake quality of the gas turbine caused by the sharp increase in the number of droplet particles in the incoming air when the intake air velocity increases. At the same time, solve the problem of increased resistance loss caused by the large thickness of the inertial stage blades and the size of the water delivery trough during the daily operation of the gas turbine. In addition, the present invention can, without the need for additional energy input, when the incoming air temperature drops below 0°C, the inertial stage blades rely on the friction and collision of the spherical protrusions formed by the surface self-heating coating expanding when cold, thereby increasing the wall temperature of the inertial stage blades, solving the problem of easy icing of the inertial stage blades when used in a low temperature environment, and comprehensively improving the purification and separation efficiency of the inertial stage blades. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing, high efficiency and reliability, and low cost.

[0055] Table 2 Traditional inertia stage blade performance test data

[0056]

[0057] As shown in Table 2, through the aerodynamic separation test of the traditional inertia stage blade, it is found that with the increase of the inlet flow rate, the resistance loss of the traditional inertia stage blade increases, and the air-water separation efficiency decreases due to the blockage of the water delivery trough. Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c As shown in Table 3, with the increase in the size of the water delivery trough, although the resistance loss of the inertia stage blades has increased, its separation efficiency has recovered significantly, reaching and exceeding the separation efficiency of the traditional inertia stage blades in daily stable operating conditions. Figure 5 As shown in (a), (b), (e), and (f), as the size of the water delivery trough of the inertial stage blade increases, the air flow velocity inside the inertial stage blade channel increases, and more incoming droplet particles are captured and transported by the water delivery trough, which improves the air-water separation efficiency. Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c As shown in the figure, although the resistance loss of the inertia stage blades increases with the increase of blade thickness, its separation efficiency is also significantly restored, reaching and exceeding the separation efficiency of the traditional inertia stage blades in daily stable operation conditions. Figure 5 As shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d), as the thickness of the inertia stage blade increases, the air flow velocity inside the inertia stage blade channel increases, and more incoming droplet particles are captured and transported by the water trough, thereby improving the gas-water separation efficiency.

[0058] Table 3 Performance simulation data of the inertia stage blade of the present invention under high speed and large water intake conditions

[0059]

[0060] Table 4 Performance simulation data of the inertia stage blade of the present invention under high speed and large water volume intake conditions

[0061]

[0062] The present invention is used in the field of ship air intake filtration in offshore marine environments, and its specific functions are as follows:

[0063] When a ship is sailing at sea, the air inhaled by the air intake device contains a large amount of impurities such as seawater droplets, salt and aerosol. Salt is mainly dissolved in the droplet particles. The inertial stage blade uses the inertial separation principle to separate gas and liquid. The mass of air per unit volume is much smaller than the mass of droplets per unit volume. When the airflow flows through the curved flow channel of the inertial stage blade, the air can easily change the flow direction, while the droplets are affected by inertia and maintain their original state of motion. As a result, the droplets hit the wall of the inertial stage blade to form a water film, which converges and flows downstream along the wall. After entering the drain tank, it flows to the bottom under the action of gravity and is separated. In addition, when the ship is sailing in the Antarctic and Arctic waters, the extremely low ambient temperature and supercooled droplets in the air will cause the ship's inertial stage blades to freeze. Ice accumulation on the inertial stage blades will seriously block the engine's air intake channel, reduce the efficiency of gas-water separation, and affect the safe, stable and efficient operation of the gas turbine. At present, mature solutions for solving the problem of icing of ship inertial stage blades require external energy input. The present invention relies on the water delivery trough and core layer made of heat-sensitive shrinkage composite materials, and the inertia-stage blades with self-heating coatings, which can automatically change the size of the water delivery trough and the thickness of the blades according to the airflow speed, and self-heat to increase the surface temperature of the blades, ensuring that the inertia-stage blades have high gas-water separation efficiency under different air intake conditions.

[0064] In the case of replacing a high-power gas turbine, or when the gas turbine is rapidly maneuvered to increase the output power, the gas turbine intake flow increases, the inertia stage blade incoming air velocity increases, the droplet content in the air flow increases dramatically, the convective heat transfer on the surface of the inertia stage blade is enhanced, and the blade surface temperature decreases. When the incoming air velocity increases to the critical value (5m / s), the thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material with different expansion coefficients receives the signal of increased air velocity and reduced wall temperature, and the thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material will expand, and the water delivery trough part will expand along the length direction, causing it to become larger; and the blade will also expand perpendicular to the incoming flow direction, resulting in an increase in blade thickness, so that the water delivery capacity and separation efficiency of the inertia stage blade are improved. However, as the size of the water delivery trough increases, the flow space of the airflow through the water delivery trough gap decreases, the flow velocity further increases, and the resistance loss of the inertia stage blade increases. Therefore, at the expense of some resistance characteristics, the gas-water separation efficiency under high flow velocity conditions is significantly improved, ensuring the intake quality of the gas turbine.

[0065] When the ship is sailing under normal operating conditions, the gas turbine intake flow rate decreases, the incoming air velocity of the inertia stage blades decreases, the incoming droplet content decreases, the convective heat transfer on the surface of the inertia stage blades weakens, and the blade surface temperature rises. When the incoming air velocity is lower than the critical value (5m / s), the size of the water trough made of the thermal-sensitive shrinkage composite material is reduced, the blade thickness is reduced, the air flow space becomes larger, and the air flow velocity is reduced. While ensuring the separation efficiency of the inertia stage blades, the pressure loss is reduced, and the requirement for the total intake pressure loss of the gas turbine for long-term operation is guaranteed.

[0066] At the same time, when the ship is sailing in low-temperature waters such as the Antarctic and the Arctic. When the ambient temperature of the sea area is lower than 0°C, the self-heating coating on the surface of the blade expands when it is cold, forming a large number of elastic spherical protrusions on the surface of the inertia-stage blades. These spherical protrusions move irregularly under the action of the intake airflow, and the random collision and friction between the spherical protrusions generate a large amount of heat energy, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the wall temperature of the inertia-stage blades. When the ambient temperature of the sea area is higher than 0°C, the self-heating coating shrinks when it is heated, and the surface of the self-heating coating is flat and smooth, with good aerodynamic characteristics, ensuring the resistance characteristics and gas-water separation efficiency of the inertia-stage blades. Ultimately, the gas-liquid separation efficiency of the inertia-stage blades under complex intake conditions is improved as a whole, improving the intake quality of the gas turbine.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity, characterized in that: It is used to separate the mixed air flow of -10℃~0℃; the inertia stage blade includes an inlet guide plate, an outlet guide plate and a water delivery unit; the water delivery unit has multiple groups, including a transition guide plate and a water delivery trough; the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plate of each group of water delivery units all adopt the same three-layer sandwich form, including an upper metal material plate, a central core layer structure plate and a lower metal material plate, the upper metal material plate and the lower metal material plate are evenly provided with microporous structures, the central core layer structure plate adopts the first thermally sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, when the air flow speed is greater than the critical value, the surface temperature of the inertia stage blade is lower than the critical value of the first thermally sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and the central core layer structure plate The size of the structural plate changes only in the vertical direction, so that the blade thickness of the inertia-stage blade changes; the water delivery troughs of each group of water delivery units use the same second thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material, when the air flow velocity is greater than a critical value, the surface temperature of the water delivery trough is lower than the critical value of the second thermosensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and the size of the water delivery trough changes only in the length direction; the outer wall surfaces of the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plate of each group of water delivery units are provided with a self-heating coating, and the self-heating coating expands after contacting a cold air flow below the temperature critical value, and the elastic spherical protrusions formed by the expansion collide with each other under the influence of the air flow, rub against each other to generate heat, and ensure that the surface of the inertia-stage blade does not freeze.

2. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple groups of inertia stage blades are arranged vertically facing the direction of airflow, each group of inertia stage blades are parallel to each other and maintain a distance between them, an airflow channel is formed between two adjacent groups of inertia stage blades, the inlet guide plate and the outlet guide plate are arranged parallel to the direction of airflow, and the opening direction of the water delivery trough of each water delivery unit faces the direction of airflow.

3. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation angle range between the inlet guide plate and the transition guide plate is 135° to 165°; the installation angle range between the transition guide plates of adjacent water delivery units is 90° to 150°.

4. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the thickness of the inlet guide plate, the outlet guide plate and the transition guide plate of each group of water transfer units is L, the thickness of the upper metal material plate is the same as the lower metal material plate, the thickness L1 of the central core layer structure plate is L1∈[0.3L,0.5L], and the thickness of the central core layer structure plate is automatically adjusted within the range of L1 to 8.5L1 under the influence of air flow velocity.

5. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material constituting the central core structure plate is designed according to the actual application conditions of the inertia stage blade. If the maximum velocity of the airflow in the application condition is known to be x max , then the first heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed to satisfy the following deformation formula: Wherein, y1(x) is the deformation of the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, x is the airflow velocity; x1 is the critical airflow velocity at which the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material begins to deform, x1=x max / 1.8; x2 is the airflow velocity that causes the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material to deform, that is, after x>x2, the first heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material will no longer continue to expand, x2=x max ; a is the deformation parameter of the first thermosensitive shrinkage composite material, a=1±0.

2.

6. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the initial state, the length L2 of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is L2∈[8L,10L]. Under the influence of the air flow velocity, the length of the water delivery trough of each group of water delivery units is automatically adjusted within the range of L2 to 1.375L2.

7. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material constituting the water delivery trough of each water delivery unit is designed according to the actual application conditions of the inertia stage blade. If the maximum velocity of the airflow in the application condition is known to be x max , then the second heat-sensitive shrinkage composite material is designed to satisfy the following deformation formula: Wherein, y2(x) is the deformation amount of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, b is the deformation parameter of the second heat-sensitive differential shrinkage composite material, and b=0.8±0.

1.

8. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the air flow velocity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transition section is provided between the water delivery trough and the transition guide plate, and the length of the transition section is 0.8L~L.

9. The self-heating inertia-stage blade that automatically changes the water delivery trough size and blade thickness according to the water content of the airflow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The critical temperature of the self-heating coating for final expansion is 0°C to 2°C, the thickness of the self-heating coating is 0.15L to 0.25L, the diameter of the elastic spherical protrusions after the self-heating coating has finalized expansion is 0.1L to 0.3L, and the spacing between the elastic spherical protrusions is 0.15L to 0.25L.

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