Multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valves in parallel

Abstract

The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel, belonging to the field of engine fuel systems. It includes a fastening cap and a tightening cap. The fastening cap is fixed to the outside of the tightening cap. Inside the tightening cap, from top to bottom, are arranged a diesel accumulator chamber wall, a fuel circuit adjustment block, a solenoid valve control component fastening block, an upper orifice plate, a lower orifice plate, and a nozzle. A dual solenoid valve control component is installed in the solenoid valve control component fastening block, and pilot control components are installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle. This invention can flexibly select the most suitable fuel for injection according to actual power and emission requirements, and can also perform multi-fuel combination injection in a single injection process. By precisely adjusting the injection timing and injection quantity of different fuels, it fully utilizes the advantages of each fuel, further optimizes the engine combustion process, improves energy efficiency, reduces pollutant emissions, and adapts to more complex and variable operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an engine, specifically a fuel system. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable energy development, engines are facing transformation. On the one hand, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and complying with environmental regulations necessitates finding clean alternative fuels; on the other hand, different application scenarios place more diverse demands on engine performance. Diesel fuel has high energy density and is a mature technology, but it has an impact on pollutant emissions. Methanol has high oxygen content, complete combustion, low soot emissions, and a wide range of sources, making it a potential clean alternative. Ammonia fuel has near-zero carbon emissions and a promising future, but it faces technical challenges such as ignition and combustion speed. Traditional fuel injectors are designed for single fuels and struggle to meet the precise injection needs of multiple fuels, resulting in issues such as supply pressure, injection timing, and quantity coordination. To leverage the advantages of each fuel and solve the challenges of multi-fuel injection... Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel, which can solve the problems of traditional fuel injectors in the prior art that cannot meet the requirements of multi-fuel compatibility and precise control.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] This invention relates to a multi-needle valve parallel multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector, characterized by: a fastening cap and an upper tightening cap, the fastening cap being fixed to the outside of the upper tightening cap; the upper tightening cap containing, from top to bottom, a diesel accumulator chamber wall, a fuel circuit adjustment block, a solenoid valve control component fastening block, an upper orifice plate, a lower orifice plate, and a nozzle; a dual solenoid valve control component is installed in the solenoid valve control component fastening block, and pilot control components are installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle; a diesel interface, a methanol interface, and an ammonia fuel interface are respectively provided in the fastening cap; a diesel accumulator chamber, a methanol accumulator chamber, and an ammonia fuel accumulator chamber are respectively provided in the diesel accumulator chamber wall; the diesel accumulator chamber is connected to the diesel interface, the methanol accumulator chamber is connected to the methanol interface, and the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel interface.

[0006] The present invention may also include:

[0007] 1. The dual solenoid valve control assembly includes a housing, an upper solenoid valve, and a lower solenoid valve. The upper solenoid valve includes an upper solenoid valve armature, an upper section of a control valve core, and an upper solenoid valve return spring. The lower solenoid valve includes a lower solenoid valve armature, a lower section of a control valve core, and a lower solenoid valve return spring. The upper and lower sections of the control valve core are symmetrically installed inside the housing of the dual solenoid valve control assembly. The upper solenoid valve return spring is fitted onto the upper section of the control valve core, and the upper solenoid valve armature is installed on the top of the upper section of the control valve core. The lower section of the control valve core is fitted with a lower solenoid valve return spring, and the lower solenoid valve armature is installed at the bottom of the lower section of the control valve core. The housing of the dual solenoid valve control assembly is respectively provided with an upper chamber of the control valve core, a lower chamber of the control valve core, an upper oil return hole, and a lower oil return hole. The lower section of the control valve core is provided with an internal oil passage. The upper section of the control valve core and the housing of the dual solenoid valve control assembly form an upper oil return chamber, and the lower section of the control valve core and the housing of the dual solenoid valve control assembly form a lower oil return chamber. The upper oil return chamber is connected to the upper oil return hole, and the lower oil return chamber is connected to the lower oil return hole.

[0008] 2. The pilot control assembly includes a diesel needle valve, a methanol needle valve, and an ammonia fuel needle valve. These valves are all installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle. Each valve has a return spring: the diesel needle valve, methanol needle valve, and ammonia fuel needle valve. The top of each valve forms a control chamber with the lower orifice plate. The top of each valve forms a control chamber with the nozzle. The diesel needle valve forms a fuel chamber, the methanol needle valve and nozzle form a methanol needle valve fuel chamber, and the ammonia fuel needle valve and nozzle form an ammonia fuel needle valve fuel chamber. The diesel needle valve fuel chamber is connected to the diesel accumulator chamber via a diesel supply line, the methanol needle valve fuel chamber is connected to the methanol accumulator chamber via a methanol supply line, and the ammonia fuel needle valve fuel chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel accumulator chamber via an ammonia fuel supply line. The bottom of the diesel needle valve and nozzle form a diesel injection orifice, the bottom of the methanol needle valve and nozzle form a methanol injection orifice, and the bottom of the ammonia fuel needle valve and nozzle form a fuel injection orifice. The upper orifice plate is respectively equipped with... The system comprises three servo oil supply circuits: a first servo oil supply circuit, a second servo oil supply circuit, and a third servo oil supply circuit. The first servo oil supply circuit connects to the diesel needle valve control chamber via an inlet throttle orifice. The second servo oil supply circuit connects to the methanol needle valve control chamber via an inlet throttle orifice. The third servo oil supply circuit connects to the ammonia fuel control chamber via an inlet throttle orifice. The lower orifice plate is equipped with outlet throttle orifices for the diesel, methanol, and ammonia fuel needle valve control chambers, respectively. The oil needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice is connected to the diesel needle valve control chamber and the diesel needle valve control chamber return oil line respectively. The diesel needle valve control chamber return oil line cooperates with the internal oil circuit of the control valve core. The methanol needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice is connected to the methanol needle valve control chamber and the methanol needle valve control chamber return oil line respectively. The methanol control chamber return oil line is connected to the lower chamber of the control valve core. The ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice is connected to the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber return oil line respectively. The ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber return oil line is connected to the upper chamber of the control valve core.

[0009] 3. In the initial state, in the dual solenoid valve control assembly, the coils of the upper solenoid valve and the lower solenoid valve are both de-energized. The upper and lower sections of the control valve core are placed in the middle position of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing due to the action of the upper and lower solenoid valve return springs. The upper and lower chambers of the control valve core are sealed, and the return oil line of the diesel needle valve control chamber is not connected to the internal oil line of the control valve core.

[0010] In the pilot control assembly, the high-pressure servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber, methanol needle valve control chamber, and ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber provides downward pressure to the upper surface of the needle valve. This pressure, combined with the return springs of the ammonia fuel needle valve, methanol needle valve, and diesel needle valve, causes the diesel needle valve, methanol needle valve, and ammonia fuel needle valve to sit down, thus completing the sealing of the diesel injection port, methanol injection port, and ammonia fuel injection port.

[0011] 4. In methanol injection mode, the upper solenoid valve coil is energized and the lower solenoid valve coil is de-energized. The upper solenoid valve coil exerts an upward attraction on the armature of the upper solenoid valve, causing the upper section of the control valve core to move upward. The lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring. The upward displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange on the top surface of the large end of the upper section of the control valve core housing. The seal formed by the top recess of the lower section of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the seal length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The seal length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released. The methanol needle valve control chamber is connected to the lower return oil chamber through the methanol needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline. Servo oil is discharged from the lower return oil hole. The hydraulic pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber gradually reduces the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve. When the resultant force of this downward pressure and the methanol needle valve return spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, and the high-pressure methanol is ejected from the methanol injection hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber, and injection begins.

[0012] When closed, the upper solenoid valve coil is de-energized, and its upward attraction on the upper solenoid valve armature disappears. The upper section of the control valve core is driven by the upper solenoid valve return spring to move the lower section of the control valve core downward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper section of the control valve core and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the lower section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the lower chamber of the control valve core is sealed, the oil discharge process of the methanol needle valve control chamber ends, and the servo oil re-pressurizes the methanol needle valve control chamber through the methanol needle valve control chamber inlet throttle hole. When the downward pressure generated by the servo oil and the methanol needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve sits down, and the oil injection process ends.

[0013] 5. During ammonia fuel injection mode, the upper solenoid valve coil is de-energized, and the lower solenoid valve coil is energized. The lower solenoid valve coil exerts a downward attraction on the lower solenoid valve return spring, causing the lower section of the control valve core to move downward. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring. During this process, the downward displacement limit of the lower section of the control valve core is limited by the flange on the lower top surface of the large end of the lower section of the control valve core housing. The seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding bottom of the upper section of the control valve core has a sealing length greater than that of the upper section. If a single solenoid valve is displaced but not released, the sealing length of the upper chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, the seal is released, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is connected to the upper return oil chamber through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline. Servo oil is discharged from the upper return oil hole, and the hydraulic pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber gradually decreases the downward pressure on the ammonia fuel needle valve. When the resultant force of this downward pressure and the ammonia fuel needle valve reset spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve is lifted, and the high-pressure ammonia fuel is ejected from the ammonia fuel injection hole through the ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber, and injection begins.

[0014] When closed, the lower solenoid valve coil is de-energized, and its downward attraction on the lower solenoid valve return spring disappears. The lower section of the control valve core is driven by the lower solenoid valve return spring to move the upper section of the control valve core upward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper and lower solenoid valve return springs, the upper section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the upper chamber of the control valve core is sealed, the oil discharge process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber ends, and the servo oil re-pressurizes the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle orifice. When the downward pressure generated by the servo oil and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve sits down, and the fuel injection process ends.

[0015] 6. When in diesel fuel injection mode, the coils of the upper and lower solenoid valves are energized simultaneously. The resulting attraction causes the armature of the upper solenoid valve to move the upper section of the control valve core upward, and the armature of the lower solenoid valve to move the lower section of the control valve core downward. The total displacement of the two solenoid valves causes the seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding bottom part of the upper section of the control valve core to be released. The servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber reaches the lower return oil chamber through the return oil pipeline of the diesel needle valve control chamber and the oil circuit inside the control valve core, and then is discharged from the lower return oil hole. The hydraulic pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber gradually reduces the downward pressure on the diesel needle valve. When the resultant force of this downward pressure and the return spring of the diesel needle valve is less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve, the diesel needle valve is lifted, and the diesel fuel is injected from the diesel injection hole through the diesel needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection begins.

[0016] When closed, both the lower and upper solenoid valves are de-energized. The upward attraction of the upper solenoid valve on its armature disappears, and the downward attraction of the lower solenoid valve on its armature 38 disappears. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward under the action of the upper solenoid valve's return spring, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward under the action of the lower solenoid valve's return spring. When they reach the force balance point of the upper and lower solenoid valve's return springs, the upper and lower sections of the control valve core stop at their initial positions. The seal between the top recess of the lower section of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section of the control valve core is re-established, and the oil discharge process of the diesel needle valve control chamber terminates. Servo oil from the first servo oil supply line re-pressurizes the diesel needle valve control chamber through the diesel needle valve control chamber inlet throttle orifice. When the downward pressure generated by the servo oil and the diesel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 0 sits down, and the fuel injection process ends.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are as follows: It enables precise control of each needle valve through a dual-solenoid valve control assembly, perfectly achieving three basic injection modes: independent methanol injection, independent diesel injection, and independent ammonia fuel injection. This meets the engine's single-fuel requirements under different operating conditions and allows for flexible selection of the most suitable fuel based on actual power and emission requirements. Thanks to its unique structure and control design, it can also perform multi-fuel combination injection during a single injection process. By precisely adjusting the injection timing and quantity of different fuels, it fully leverages the advantages of each fuel, further optimizing the engine's combustion process, improving energy efficiency, reducing pollutant emissions, and adapting to more complex and variable operating conditions. For example, in transitional operating conditions requiring a balance between power and economy, a combination of diesel and methanol or diesel and ammonia fuel injection can be used. The isolation design of the three fuels allows for different pressure build-up based on the pressure requirements of different fuels, effectively avoiding mutual interference between fuels and ensuring the independent and stable operation of each fuel supply system. The servo oil control design ensures the stability of the dual-solenoid valve control assembly from the oil pressure regulation level, enabling the entire injector to maintain a precise and reliable working state under complex operating environments, providing solid support for the engine's continuous and efficient operation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual solenoid valve control assembly.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pilot control component. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Combination Figure 1-3 The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to the present invention comprises a methanol interface 1, a diesel interface 2, a diesel accumulator chamber 3, an accumulator chamber wall 4, a fuel line adjustment block 5, a diesel supply line 6, a methanol supply line 7, a solenoid valve control component fastening block 8, a pilot control component 9, a diesel needle valve 10, a methanol needle valve 11, a diesel needle valve reservoir 12, a nozzle 13, a diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, a diesel injection orifice 15, a methanol injection orifice 16, and an ammonia fuel interface. 17. Fastening cap; 18. Methanol accumulator chamber; 19. Ammonia fuel accumulator chamber; 20. Tightening cap; 21. Dual solenoid valve control assembly; 22. Ammonia fuel supply pipeline; 23. Ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber return pipeline; 24. Methanol needle valve control chamber return pipeline; 25. Upper metering orifice plate; 26. Ammonia fuel needle valve; 27. Methanol needle valve oil chamber; 28. Ammonia fuel needle valve oil chamber; 29. ​​Ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber; 30. Ammonia fuel nozzle; 31. Methanol needle valve pressure chamber; 32.

[0023] The fastening cap 18, accumulator chamber wall 4, oil circuit adjusting block 5, solenoid valve control component fastening block 8, upper measuring orifice plate 26, diesel needle valve 10, and nozzle 13 are installed from top to bottom and connected by positioning pins, and are encased in the upper tightening cap 21. The dual solenoid valve control component 22 is encased in the solenoid valve control component fastening block 8, forming a single unit. The fastening cap 18 and the upper tightening cap 21 are connected by threads, and the nozzle 13 is connected to the upper tightening cap 21 by a bayonet. The diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, and ammonia fuel needle valve 27 are installed in reserved positions in the nozzle 13. The bottom of the nozzle 13 is machined with pressure chambers (diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, methanol needle valve pressure chamber 32, and ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber 30) and nozzles (diesel nozzle 15, methanol nozzle 16, and ammonia fuel nozzle 31) corresponding to each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, and ammonia fuel needle valve 27).

[0024] Diesel fuel is pressurized in diesel accumulator chamber 3 via diesel port 2, and then reaches diesel needle valve reservoir 12 via diesel supply line 6, completing fuel supply. Methanol fuel is pressurized in methanol accumulator chamber 19 via methanol port 1, and then reaches methanol needle valve reservoir 28 via methanol supply line 7, completing methanol fuel supply. Ammonia fuel fuel is pressurized in ammonia fuel accumulator chamber 20 via ammonia fuel port 17, and then reaches ammonia fuel needle valve reservoir 29 via ammonia fuel supply line 23, completing ammonia fuel supply.

[0025] The dual solenoid valve control assembly 22 includes an upper solenoid valve reset spring 33, an upper section of the control valve core 34, a diesel needle valve control chamber return oil line 35, a lower solenoid valve reset spring 36, a lower section of the control valve core 37, a lower solenoid valve armature 38, a lower solenoid valve 39, an upper solenoid valve 40, an upper solenoid valve armature 41, an upper return oil chamber 42, an upper return oil hole 43, an upper chamber of the control valve core 44, an internal oil passage of the control valve core 45, a lower return oil hole 46, a lower chamber of the control valve core 47, a lower return oil chamber 48, and a dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49.

[0026] The upper solenoid valve 40 consists of an upper solenoid valve armature 41, a control valve core 34, and an upper solenoid valve return spring 33. The lower solenoid valve 39 consists of a lower section of a control valve core 37, a lower solenoid valve armature 38, and a lower solenoid valve return spring 36. The upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are symmetrically installed in the control valve housing 49.

[0027] The dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 has flanges machined on both the top and bottom to house the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, respectively. These two return springs press the upper section 34 and lower section 37 of the control valve core into a single unit, confining them to the middle of the housing 49. The bottom of the upper section 34 has a protrusion that mates with the top groove of the lower section 37 to form a seal. The lower section 37 also contains an internal oil passage 45, which connects to the return oil line 35 of the diesel needle valve control chamber after the top seal is released. The upper section 34 and the housing 49 seal together to form an upper return oil chamber 42, and the lower section 37 and the housing 49 seal together to form a lower return oil chamber 48, both connecting to the servo oil tank through the upper return oil hole 43 and the lower return oil hole 46, respectively. The housing 49 of the dual solenoid valve control assembly also has an upper control valve core chamber 44 and a lower control valve core chamber 47, which are sealed by the upper control valve core section 34 and the lower control valve core section 37, respectively.

[0028] The pilot control assembly 9 consists of a first servo oil supply circuit 50, a diesel needle valve control chamber inlet throttle orifice 52, a diesel needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice 51, a diesel needle valve control chamber 53, a diesel needle valve return spring 54, a diesel needle valve needle valve chamber 55, a methanol needle valve needle valve chamber 56, a second servo oil supply circuit 57, a methanol needle valve control chamber inlet throttle orifice 58, a third servo oil supply circuit 59, a lower metering orifice plate 60, a methanol needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice 61, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber outlet throttle orifice 62, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber inlet throttle orifice 63, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64, an ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65, an ammonia fuel needle valve needle valve chamber 66, a methanol needle valve control chamber 67, and a methanol needle valve return spring 68.

[0029] The upper orifice plate 26 is machined with servo oil injection holes (first servo oil supply line 50, second servo oil supply line 57, and third servo oil supply line 59) corresponding to each needle valve control chamber (diesel needle valve control chamber 53, ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64, and methanol needle valve control chamber 67). Oil is supplied through the corresponding oil inlet throttling orifice (diesel needle valve control chamber inlet throttling orifice 52, methanol needle valve control chamber inlet throttling orifice 58, and ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber inlet throttling orifice 63). Each needle valve control chamber is sealed by the top of each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, and ammonia fuel needle valve 27) and the lower orifice plate 60. Each needle valve cooperates with nozzle 13 to form a corresponding needle valve chamber (diesel needle valve chamber 55, methanol needle valve chamber 56, ammonia fuel needle valve chamber 66). A return spring for the corresponding needle valve (diesel needle valve return spring 54, methanol needle valve return spring 68, ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65) is placed in each needle valve chamber. The needle valve body isolates the needle valve chamber from the control chamber to prevent fuel contamination of the servo oil.

[0030] The multi-needle valve parallel multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector of the present invention can achieve precise control of each needle valve through a dual solenoid valve control component, and complete the independent injection of each needle valve, with three basic injection modes: diesel independent injection, methanol independent injection and ammonia fuel independent injection.

[0031] In the initial state, in the dual solenoid valve control assembly 22, the coils of the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are both de-energized. The upper section 34 and the lower section 37 of the control valve core are placed in the middle position of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36. The upper chamber 44 and the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core are sealed. The return oil line 35 of the diesel needle valve control chamber and the internal oil line 45 of the control valve core are also not connected.

[0032] Meanwhile, in the pilot control assembly 9, the high-pressure servo oil in each needle valve control chamber (diesel needle valve control chamber 53, methanol needle valve control chamber 67, ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64) provides downward pressure to the upper surface of the needle valve. This, in conjunction with the needle valve return springs (ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65, methanol needle valve return spring 68, diesel needle valve return spring 54), causes each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, ammonia fuel needle valve 27) to sit down, completing the sealing of each nozzle (diesel injection hole 15, methanol injection hole 16, ammonia fuel injection hole 31).

[0033] When the injector is in methanol injection mode, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 is energized and the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 is de-energized. The coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 generates an upward attraction on the armature 41 of the upper solenoid valve, which drives the upper section 34 of the control valve core to move upward. The lower section 37 of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve reset spring 36. During this process, the upward displacement limit of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is limited by the flange on the top surface of the large end of the upper section 34 of the control valve core by the housing 49 of the dual solenoid valve control assembly. The seal formed by the top recess of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The sealing length of the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released. The methanol needle valve control chamber 67 is connected to the lower return oil chamber 48 through the methanol needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline 25. The servo oil is discharged from the lower return oil hole 46. The hydraulic pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 gradually reduces the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve 11. When the resultant force of the downward pressure and the methanol needle valve reset spring 68 is less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve 11, the methanol needle valve 11 is lifted, and the high-pressure methanol is sprayed out from the methanol spray hole 16 through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber 32, and the injection begins.

[0034] When closed, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 is de-energized, and its upward attraction on the armature 41 of the upper solenoid valve disappears. The upper section 34 of the control valve core is driven by the return spring 33 of the upper solenoid valve to move the lower section 37 of the control valve core downward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper section 34 of the control valve core and the return spring 36 of the lower solenoid valve, the lower section 37 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core is sealed, the oil discharge process of the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 ends, and the servo oil re-pressurizes the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 through the oil inlet throttle hole 58 of the methanol needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the return spring 68 of the methanol needle valve is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve 11, the methanol needle valve 11 sits down, and the oil injection process ends.

[0035] When the injector is in ammonia fuel injection mode, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 is de-energized and the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 is energized. The coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 generates a downward attraction force on the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, which drives the lower section 37 of the control valve core to move downward. The upper section 34 of the control valve core moves downward due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring 33. During this process, the downward displacement limit of the lower section 37 of the control valve core is limited by the flange on the lower top surface of the large end of the lower section 37 of the control valve core housing 49. The seal formed by the top recess of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The sealing length of the upper chamber 44 of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released. The ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 is connected to the upper return oil chamber 42 through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline 24. Servo oil is discharged from the upper return oil hole 43. The pressure of the hydraulic pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 on the downward pressure of the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 gradually decreases. When the resultant force of the downward pressure and the ammonia fuel needle valve reset spring 65 is less than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve 27, the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 is lifted, and the high-pressure ammonia fuel is ejected from the ammonia fuel injection hole 31 through the ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber 30, and the injection begins.

[0036] When closed, the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 is de-energized, and its downward attraction to the lower solenoid valve return spring 36 disappears. The lower section 37 of the control valve core is driven by the lower solenoid valve return spring 36 to move the upper section 34 of the control valve core upward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, the upper section 34 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the upper chamber 44 of the control valve core is sealed, the oil discharge process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 ends, and the servo oil re-pressurizes the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 through the oil inlet throttle hole 63. When the downward pressure generated by the servo oil and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65 is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve 27, the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 sits down, and the fuel injection process ends.

[0037] When the injector is in diesel fuel injection mode, the coils of the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are simultaneously energized. The resulting attraction causes the armature 41 of the upper solenoid valve to move the upper section 34 of the control valve core upward, and the armature 38 of the lower solenoid valve to move the lower section 37 of the control valve core downward. The total displacement of the two solenoid valves causes the seal formed between the concave top of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the protruding bottom of the upper section 34 of the control valve core to be released. The servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 reaches the lower return oil chamber 48 through the diesel needle valve control chamber return oil line 35 and the internal oil line 45 of the control valve core, and then is discharged through the lower return oil hole 46. The hydraulic pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 gradually reduces the downward pressure on the diesel needle valve 10. When the resultant force of this downward pressure and the diesel needle valve return spring 54 is less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 10 is lifted, and the diesel fuel is injected from the diesel injection hole 15 through the diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, and injection begins.

[0038] When closed, both solenoid valves (lower solenoid valve 39 and upper solenoid valve 40) are simultaneously de-energized. The upward attraction of upper solenoid valve 40 on upper solenoid valve armature 41 disappears, and the downward attraction of lower solenoid valve 39 on lower solenoid valve armature 38 disappears. The upper section 34 of the control valve core moves downward under the action of upper solenoid valve return spring 33, and the lower section 37 of the control valve core moves upward under the action of lower solenoid valve return spring 36. When it moves to the force balance point of upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and lower solenoid valve return spring 36, the upper section 34 and... The lower section 37 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, and the seal between the top recess of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is re-established. The oil discharge process of the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 is terminated. The servo oil is re-pressurized from the first servo oil supply line 50 through the diesel needle valve control chamber inlet throttle hole 52. When the downward pressure generated by it and the diesel needle valve return spring 54 is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 10 sits down, and the fuel injection process ends.

[0039] By combining these three basic modes, the multi-needle valve parallel multi-fuel electronically controlled injector of the present invention can also perform combined injection or pre-main injection of diesel-methanol and diesel-ammonia fuels in a single injection process, solving the problem that methanol and ammonia fuels are not easy to ignite.

[0040] During diesel-methanol combined injection, both the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are energized simultaneously. At this time, the injector is in diesel injection mode. The upper solenoid valve 40 remains energized, while the lower solenoid valve 39 transitions from an energized to a de-energized state. Simultaneously, the lower solenoid valve stem 37 moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring 36. The seal formed by the recessed top of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the protruding bottom of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is re-established, releasing the seal in the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core. The injector then skips the initial state and directly enters methanol injection mode from diesel injection mode. The process is similar during diesel-ammonia fuel combined injection.

Claims

1. A multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valves in parallel, characterized in that: The fastening cap, the tightening cap, the fastening cap is fixed outside the tightening cap, the diesel pressure accumulation cavity wall, the oil path adjustment fast, the electromagnetic valve control assembly fastening block, the upper orifice plate, the lower orifice plate and the nozzle are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the tightening cap, the double electromagnetic valve control assembly is installed in the electromagnetic valve control assembly fastening block, the pilot control assembly is installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle; the diesel interface, the methanol interface and the ammonia fuel interface are arranged in the fastening cap, the diesel pressure accumulation cavity, the methanol pressure accumulation cavity and the ammonia fuel pressure accumulation cavity are arranged in the diesel pressure accumulation cavity wall, the diesel pressure accumulation cavity is communicated with the diesel interface, the methanol pressure accumulation cavity is communicated with the methanol interface, and the ammonia fuel pressure accumulation cavity is communicated with the ammonia fuel interface; The double electromagnetic valve control assembly includes a double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell, an upper electromagnetic valve and a lower electromagnetic valve, the upper electromagnetic valve includes an upper electromagnetic valve armature, a control valve core upper section and an upper electromagnetic valve return spring, the lower electromagnetic valve includes a lower electromagnetic valve armature, a control valve core lower section and a lower electromagnetic valve return spring, the control valve core upper section and the control valve core lower section are symmetrically installed in the double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell, the control valve core upper section is sleeved with the upper electromagnetic valve return spring, the top of the control valve core upper section is provided with the upper electromagnetic valve armature, the control valve core lower section is sleeved with the lower electromagnetic valve return spring, and the bottom of the control valve core lower section is provided with the lower electromagnetic valve armature; the double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell is provided with a control valve core upper cavity, a control valve core lower cavity, an upper oil return hole and a lower oil return hole, the control valve core lower section is provided with a control valve core internal oil path, the control valve core upper section and the double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell form an upper oil return cavity, the control valve core lower section and the double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell form a lower oil return cavity, the upper oil return cavity is communicated with the upper oil return hole, and the lower oil return cavity is communicated with the lower oil return hole; The pilot control assembly includes a diesel needle valve, a methanol needle valve, and an ammonia fuel needle valve, which are installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle, the diesel needle valve is sleeved with a diesel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve is sleeved with a methanol needle valve return spring, and the ammonia fuel needle valve is sleeved with an ammonia fuel needle valve return spring, the top of the diesel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a diesel needle valve control cavity, the top of the methanol needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a methanol needle valve control cavity, the top of the ammonia fuel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form an ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity, the diesel needle valve and the nozzle form a diesel needle valve oil chamber, the methanol needle valve and the nozzle form a methanol needle valve oil chamber, and the ammonia fuel needle valve and the nozzle form an ammonia fuel needle valve oil chamber, the diesel needle valve oil chamber is connected with a diesel pressure accumulation cavity through a diesel supply pipeline, the methanol needle valve oil chamber is connected with a methanol pressure accumulation cavity through a methanol supply pipeline, and the ammonia fuel needle valve oil chamber is connected with an ammonia fuel pressure accumulation cavity through an ammonia fuel supply pipeline, the bottom of the diesel needle valve and the nozzle form a diesel injection hole, the bottom of the methanol needle valve and the nozzle form a methanol injection hole, and the bottom of the ammonia fuel needle valve and the nozzle form an ammonia fuel injection hole, a first servo oil supply oil path, a second servo oil supply oil path, and a third servo oil supply oil path are arranged in the upper orifice plate, the first servo oil supply oil path is connected with the diesel needle valve control cavity through a diesel needle valve control cavity oil inlet throttle hole, the second servo oil supply oil path is connected with the methanol needle valve control cavity through a methanol needle valve control cavity oil inlet throttle hole, the third servo oil supply oil path is connected with the ammonia fuel control cavity through an ammonia fuel control cavity oil inlet throttle hole, a diesel needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole, a methanol needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole, and an ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole are arranged in the lower orifice plate, the diesel needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole is connected with the diesel needle valve control cavity and a diesel needle valve control cavity return pipeline, the diesel needle valve control cavity return pipeline is matched with an internal oil path of a control valve core, the methanol needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole is connected with the methanol needle valve control cavity and a methanol needle valve control cavity return pipeline, the methanol needle valve control cavity return pipeline is connected with a lower cavity of the control valve core, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity oil outlet throttle hole is connected with the ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity and an ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity return pipeline, the ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity return pipeline is connected with an upper cavity of the control valve core.

2. The multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valve parallel connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the coils of the upper electromagnetic valve and the lower electromagnetic valve in the double electromagnetic valve control assembly are in a power-off state, the upper segment of the control valve core and the lower segment of the control valve core are placed in the middle of the double electromagnetic valve control assembly shell due to the action of the upper electromagnetic valve return spring and the lower electromagnetic valve return spring, the upper cavity of the control valve core and the lower cavity of the control valve core are sealed, and the diesel needle valve control cavity return pipeline and the internal oil path of the control valve core are also in an unconnected state. In the pilot control assembly, high-pressure servo oil is provided to the upper surface of the needle valve in the diesel needle valve control cavity, the methanol needle valve control cavity, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity, and cooperates with the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve return spring, and the diesel needle valve return spring to make the diesel needle valve, the methanol needle valve, and the ammonia fuel needle valve fall into place, thereby completing the sealing of the diesel injection hole, the methanol injection hole, and the ammonia fuel injection hole.

3. The multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valve parallel connection according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the methanol injection mode is performed, the upper solenoid coil is electrified and the lower solenoid coil is de-energized, the upper solenoid coil generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid armature, and drives the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid return spring; the upper displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange at the upper top surface of the double solenoid control assembly housing at the large end of the upper section of the control valve core, and the seal formed by the recess at the top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part at the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid, and the sealing length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released, the methanol needle valve control chamber is communicated with the lower oil return chamber through the methanol needle valve control return line, the servo oil is discharged from the lower oil return hole, the hydraulic pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber gradually decreases the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve, and when the downward pressure and the resultant force of the methanol needle valve return spring are less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, the high-pressure methanol is injected from the methanol injection hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection is started; When the methanol injection mode is performed, the upper solenoid coil is electrified and the lower solenoid coil is de-energized, the upper solenoid coil generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid armature, and drives the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid return spring; the upper displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange at the upper top surface of the double solenoid control assembly housing at the large end of the upper section of the control valve core, and the seal formed by the recess at the top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part at the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid, and the sealing length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released, the methanol needle valve control chamber is communicated with the lower oil return chamber through the methanol needle valve control return line, the servo oil is discharged from the lower oil return hole, the hydraulic pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber gradually decreases the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve, and when the downward pressure and the resultant force of the methanol needle valve return spring are less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, the high-pressure methanol is injected from the methanol injection hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection is started; 4. The multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valve parallel connection according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the methanol injection mode is performed, the upper solenoid coil is electrified and the lower solenoid coil is de-energized, the upper solenoid coil generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid armature, and drives the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid return spring; the upper displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange at the upper top surface of the double solenoid control assembly housing at the large end of the upper section of the control valve core, and the seal formed by the recess at the top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part at the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid, and the sealing length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, so the seal is released, the methanol needle valve control chamber is communicated with the lower oil return chamber through the methanol needle valve control return line, the servo oil is discharged from the lower oil return hole, the hydraulic pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber gradually decreases the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve, and when the downward pressure and the resultant force of the methanol needle valve return spring are less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, the high-pressure methanol is injected from the methanol injection hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection is started; When closing, the lower electromagnetic valve coil loses power, the downward attraction force of the lower electromagnetic valve reset spring disappears, the lower segment of the control valve core is driven by the lower electromagnetic valve reset spring to move the upper segment of the control valve core upward, when moving to the force balance point of the upper electromagnetic valve reset spring and the lower electromagnetic valve reset spring, the upper segment of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the upper chamber of the control valve core is sealed, the oil discharge process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is completed, the servo oil re-pressurizes the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber, and when the downward pressure generated by the ammonia fuel needle valve reset spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve is seated, and the oil injection process is completed.

5. The multi-fuel electronically controlled injector with multi-needle valve parallel connection according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the diesel fuel injection mode is performed, the upper electromagnetic valve and the lower electromagnetic valve coils are powered at the same time, the attraction forces generated by the two respectively make the upper segment of the control valve core move upward under the driving of the upper electromagnetic valve armature and the lower segment of the control valve core move downward under the driving of the lower electromagnetic valve armature, and the total displacement of the two electromagnetic valves makes the seal formed between the top recess of the lower segment of the control valve core and the bottom protruding part of the upper segment of the control valve core be removed, the servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber is discharged to the lower oil return chamber through the diesel needle valve control return pipeline and the internal oil circuit of the control valve core, and then is discharged through the lower oil return hole; the downward pressure of the hydraulic pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber on the diesel needle valve gradually decreases, and when the downward pressure and the resultant force of the diesel needle valve reset spring are less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve, the diesel needle valve is lifted, the diesel fuel is injected from the diesel injection hole through the pressure chamber of the diesel needle valve, and the injection is started; When closing, the lower electromagnetic valve and the upper electromagnetic valve lose power at the same time, the upward attraction force of the upper electromagnetic valve on the upper electromagnetic valve armature disappears, the downward attraction force of the lower electromagnetic valve on the lower electromagnetic valve armature disappears, the upper segment of the control valve core moves downward under the action of the upper electromagnetic valve reset spring, the lower segment of the control valve core moves upward under the action of the lower electromagnetic valve reset spring, when moving to the force balance point of the upper electromagnetic valve reset spring and the lower electromagnetic valve reset spring, the upper segment of the control valve core and the lower segment of the control valve core stop at the initial position, the seal between the top recess of the lower segment of the control valve core and the bottom protruding part of the upper segment of the control valve core is established again, the oil discharge process of the diesel needle valve control chamber is terminated, the servo oil re-pressurizes the diesel needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the diesel needle valve control chamber from the first servo oil supply oil circuit, and when the downward pressure generated by the diesel needle valve reset spring is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve is seated, and the oil injection process is completed.

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