Microstrip magnetically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna

Abstract

This application provides a microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. The antenna includes: a power divider structure; at least one microstrip waveguide structure, the power divider structure being connected to each microstrip waveguide structure for feeding electromagnetic waves into each microstrip waveguide structure; at least two magnetocurrent-controlled unit arrays, disposed on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure and connected to it, each magnetocurrent-controlled unit array including multiple magnetocurrent-controlled units arranged along the length of the microstrip waveguide structure, each magnetocurrent-controlled unit shorting the microstrip waveguide structure to ground; and a beam control module connected to each magnetocurrent-controlled unit for adjusting the bias voltage between each magnetocurrent-controlled unit and ground to control the distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure. This embodiment significantly reduces cost while also greatly reducing system complexity. Furthermore, the beam of this embodiment has advantages such as wide bandwidth, wide angle, high gain, and two-dimensional scanning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technology, scanning antennas have been widely used in communication scenarios. Traditional mechanical scanning antennas achieve beam scanning by rotating the radiating aperture, but their large size, complex mechanical structure, and limitations in scanning speed and angle greatly restrict their application in modern communication systems.

[0003] In contrast, active phased array antennas can quickly achieve beam scanning. However, because the feed network of active phased array antennas in related technologies integrates a large number of T / R (Transmit / Receive) components, the manufacturing process of this type of antenna is complex and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna to at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] This application provides a microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, comprising: a power divider structure; at least one microstrip waveguide structure, the power divider structure being connected to each microstrip waveguide structure for feeding electromagnetic waves into each microstrip waveguide structure, the microstrip waveguide structure transmitting the electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves; at least two magnetocurrent-controlled unit arrays disposed on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure and connected to the microstrip waveguide structure, each magnetocurrent-controlled unit array including multiple magnetocurrent-controlled units arranged along the length direction of the microstrip waveguide structure, each magnetocurrent-controlled unit shorting the microstrip waveguide structure to ground for radiating the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure into free space; and a beam control module connected to each magnetocurrent-controlled unit for adjusting the bias voltage between each magnetocurrent-controlled unit and ground, thereby adjusting the operating state of each magnetocurrent-controlled unit to control the distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, each magnetocurrent control unit includes: a magnetocurrent disturbance unit and a bias circuit; wherein, the magnetocurrent disturbance unit is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure to ground; the bias circuit is connected to both the magnetocurrent disturbance unit and the microstrip waveguide structure, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure and ground; the beam control module is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each magnetocurrent control unit, and is used to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit to adjust the working state of each magnetocurrent disturbance unit, thereby controlling the distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the magnetocurrent disturbance unit is any one of a short-circuit ground plane, a short-circuit ground post, or a short-circuit metal patch.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the bias circuit includes: an electronic switch assembly, a connecting line, a bias line, and a grounded metal patch; wherein, the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetocurrent disturbance unit through the electronic switch assembly, and the magnetocurrent disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; the electronic switch assembly is also connected to the grounded metal patch in sequence through the connecting line and the bias line; the beam control module is connected to the bias line.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent electrically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the bias circuit includes: an electronic switch assembly, a bias line, and a grounded metal patch; wherein, the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the first end of the magnetocurrent disturbance unit through the electronic switch assembly, and the second end of the magnetocurrent disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; the first end of the bias line is connected to the grounded metal patch, and the second end of the bias line is connected to the beam control module.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the electronic switching assembly includes one electronic switching element; or, the electronic switching assembly includes multiple interconnected electronic switching elements.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the electronic switching element is any one of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, or a photosensitive switch.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned microstrip magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, the microstrip waveguide structure is a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; the number of microstrip waveguide structures is two or more, and they are arranged in parallel to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; correspondingly, the MHD unit array is four or more, and the MHD units in each MHD unit array are arranged in corresponding positions or in staggered positions.

[0013] Furthermore, the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna also includes an impedance transformer; wherein the microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetocurrent disturbance unit through the impedance transformer, and the electronic switch assembly is connected in series in the impedance transformer.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna further includes: a power divider board and a microstrip waveguide board; wherein the power divider structure is disposed on the power divider board; the microstrip waveguide structure is disposed on the microstrip waveguide board; the microstrip waveguide board is positioned above the power divider board and pressed against the power divider board, and the power divider structure corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure to couple the electromagnetic waves of the power divider structure into the microstrip waveguide structure.

[0015] In this embodiment, the microstrip waveguide structure is used for traveling wave transmission and provides electromagnetic energy to the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) control unit arrays on both sides, which radiate the electromagnetic energy into free space. Compared to active phased arrays, this embodiment uses active electronic components to control the beam. Compared to the large-scale use of T / R components in active phased arrays, this embodiment not only significantly reduces costs but also greatly reduces system complexity. This embodiment is based on a microstrip magnetohydrodynamic perturbation architecture and has advantages such as simple structure, easy fabrication, easy integration, and low profile. Furthermore, the microstrip waveguide structure also gives this embodiment broadband characteristics. In addition, the beam of this embodiment has advantages such as broadband, wide angle, high gain, and two-dimensional scanning, making it suitable for satellite communication, mobile communication, and radar detection.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microstrip magnetohydrodynamically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a dielectric-filled microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an air-filled microstrip waveguide structure shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one arrangement of the magnetohydrodynamic control unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another arrangement of the magnetohydrodynamic control unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetofluid disturbance unit as a short-circuit ground plane shown in the embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetofluid disturbance unit as a short-circuit grounding post shown in the embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit sector structure for the magnetofluid disturbance unit shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetofluid disturbance unit as a short-circuit metal patch shown in the embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection structure between the magnetohydrodynamic control unit and the microstrip waveguide structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another connection structure between the magnetohydrodynamic control unit and the microstrip waveguide structure, as shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetohydrodynamic control unit shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution structure shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 15 This is another structural schematic diagram of a microstrip magnetohydrodynamically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 16 for Figure 15The diagram shows the scanning results of a microstrip magnetofluidically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0035] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various components, these components should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish components of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first component may also be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0038] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] See Figure 1 According to one embodiment of this application, a microstrip magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna includes: a power divider structure 100, at least one microstrip waveguide structure 200, at least two MHD controlled unit arrays 300, and a beam control module 400.

[0041] The power distribution structure 100 is connected to each microstrip waveguide structure 200 and is used to feed electromagnetic waves into each microstrip waveguide structure 200. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 transmits the fed electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves.

[0042] At least two magnetohydrodynamic control unit arrays 300 are disposed in the width direction of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. Figure 1 The array of magnetohydrodynamic control units 300 includes multiple units along the length direction of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 (shown in the vertical direction) on both sides and connected to the microstrip waveguide structure 200. Figure 1 Magnetorheological control units 310 are arranged in a left-right direction as shown. Each magnetorheological control unit 310 short-circuits the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to ground so as to radiate the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure 200 into free space.

[0043] In specific implementation, there can be one microstrip waveguide structure 200, and correspondingly, two magnetocurrent control unit arrays 300, with one array on each side of the width of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. Alternatively, there can be two or more microstrip waveguide structures 200, and correspondingly, four or more magnetocurrent control unit arrays 300 (specifically, an even number), so that one magnetocurrent control unit array 300 is provided on each side of the width of each microstrip waveguide structure 200. That is, the number of magnetocurrent control unit arrays 300 is twice that of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. When there are four or more magnetocurrent control unit arrays 300, the magnetocurrent control units 310 in each array 300 can be arranged in corresponding positions (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown), they can also be arranged in alternating positions (such as...). Figure 4 As shown in the figure, other arrangements are also possible, but they will not be listed here.

[0044] It should be noted that, in actual implementation, the distance between each magnetohydrodynamic control unit 310 can be determined according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation on it.

[0045] In practical implementation, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 can be a dielectric-filled microstrip structure with dielectric filling 210, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it can also be an air-filled microstrip structure with air filling 220, such as Figure 3 As shown, other types of microstrip waveguide structures known to those skilled in the art can also be used, but these will not be listed here.

[0046] The magnetohydrodynamic control unit array 300 is arranged on both sides of the width direction of the microstrip waveguide structure 200. In practice, it can be designed and manufactured using printed circuit board technology.

[0047] In this embodiment, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 can be a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure. When there are two or more microstrip waveguide structures 200, each one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure 200 can be arranged in parallel (e.g., parallel) to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the beam control module 400 is connected to each magnetocurrent control unit 310 and is used to adjust the bias voltage between each magnetocurrent control unit 310 and ground, thereby adjusting the working state of each magnetocurrent control unit 310. The distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 is adjusted by the bias voltage provided by the waveguide control module 400, thereby realizing the radiation control of electromagnetic energy and finally radiating electromagnetic waves into free space to complete the electronically controlled two-dimensional beam scanning function of the antenna.

[0049] In practice, the beam control module 400 can be a microcontroller, FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or similar device.

[0050] In this embodiment, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 is used for traveling wave transmission and provides electromagnetic energy to the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) control unit arrays 300 on both sides. The MHD control unit arrays 300 radiate the electromagnetic energy into free space. Compared with active phased arrays, this embodiment uses active electronic components to control the beam. Compared with the large-scale use of T / R components in active phased arrays, this embodiment not only significantly reduces costs but also greatly reduces system complexity. This embodiment is based on a microstrip magnetohydrodynamic perturbation architecture and has advantages such as simple structure, easy fabrication, easy integration, and low profile. Furthermore, the microstrip waveguide structure also gives this embodiment broadband characteristics. In addition, the beam of this embodiment has advantages such as broadband, wide angle, high gain, and two-dimensional scanning, making it suitable for satellite communication, mobile communication, and radar detection.

[0051] In some embodiments, each magnetocurrent control unit 310 includes a magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 and a bias circuit. The magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to ground. The bias circuit is connected to both the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 and the microstrip waveguide structure 200, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure 200 and ground, thereby adjusting the operating state of the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311.

[0052] The beam control module 400 is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each magnetocurrent control unit 310 to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit, thereby adjusting the working state of each magnetocurrent disturbance unit 310 and controlling the distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200.

[0053] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 6 to 9 The magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 can be any one of the following: short-circuit grounding plate 311A, short-circuit grounding post 311B, and short-circuit metal patch 311C. The short-circuit metal patch 310C can be fan-shaped (see [reference]). Figure 8 It can be approximately fan-shaped, or of course, other shapes are also possible; this embodiment does not impose any limitations on it.

[0054] In this embodiment, the bias voltage of the magnetocurrent perturbation unit 311 relative to ground is adjusted by the bias circuit, thereby controlling the operating state of the magnetocurrent perturbation unit 311. This allows the magnetocurrent perturbation unit 311 to adjust the distribution of magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure 200, radiating electromagnetic energy into free space. The beam radiated in this embodiment has advantages such as broadband, wide angle, high gain, and two-dimensional scanning.

[0055] In some embodiments, the bias circuit may include an electronic switching assembly, a connecting wire, a bias wire, and a ground metal patch. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 is connected to the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 via the electronic switching assembly, and the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 is connected to the ground metal patch. Additionally, the electronic switching assembly is also sequentially connected to the ground metal patch via the connecting wire and the bias wire.

[0056] The beam control module is connected to the bias line to control the electronic switching components and thus adjust the bias voltage.

[0057] An electronic switch assembly may include an electronic switch element, which may be any of the following: a PIN diode, a varactor diode, a MEMS switch, a photosensitive switch, or other electronic devices that can perform this function.

[0058] Alternatively, the electronic switch assembly includes multiple interconnected electronic switch elements. These electronic switch elements can be at least two of the following: PIN diodes, varactor diodes, MEMS switches, and photosensitive switches. These at least two electronic switch elements are interconnected to form the electronic switch assembly in this embodiment. It should be noted that, in specific implementations, "multiple" in this embodiment refers to two or more.

[0059] In the same magnetohydrodynamic control unit array 300, for different magnetohydrodynamic control units 310, the electronic switching components in the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different. The specific selection can be made according to the actual situation. This embodiment does not make any limitations here.

[0060] For example, one part of the electronic switch assembly 312 can be any one of PIN diode, varactor diode, MEMS switch, and photosensitive switch, while another part of the electronic switch assembly 312 can be any two or more combinations of PIN diode, varactor diode, MEMS switch, and photosensitive switch.

[0061] In different magnetohydrodynamic control unit arrays 300, the electronic switching components in the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different. The specific selection can be made according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0062] In practice, different forms of electronic switch components 312 in the magnetofluid disturbance unit 311 are used to adapt to different working requirements and adjustment precision.

[0063] The beam control module 400 can control the bias voltage of the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311, and thus control the operating state of the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311, including the transmission state of the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311, and turning the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 on or off.

[0064] In this embodiment, an electronic switch assembly 312 is provided in the bias circuit to achieve precise control of the magnetofluid disturbance unit 311.

[0065] In other embodiments, see Figure 12 The bias circuit may include: an electronic switch assembly 312, a bias line 313, and a grounded metal patch 314. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 connects to the first end of the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 via the electronic switch assembly 312. Figure 12 The upper end shown is connected to the second end of the magnetofluid perturbation unit 311. Figure 12 The lower end shown is connected to the grounding metal patch 314, and the first end of the bias line 313 ( Figure 12 The left end shown is connected to the grounding metal patch 314, and the second end of the bias line 313 ( Figure 12The right end (as shown) is connected to the beam control module 400.

[0066] Figure 12 The bias circuit shown uses an electronic switching element to connect the microstrip waveguide structure 200 and the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311. The magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 is in the form of a short-circuited grounding post, which is connected to the grounding metal patch 314 to introduce a positive bias voltage. Of course, the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 can also take other forms, such as a short-circuited ground plane.

[0067] In this embodiment, a circular choke 316 may also be provided on the short-circuit grounding post to isolate the radio frequency current and prevent the radio frequency current from having an adverse effect on the bias circuit; an isolation ring 317 may also be provided to serve as insulation.

[0068] In the same magnetohydrodynamic control unit array 300, for different magnetohydrodynamic control units 300, the electronic switching components in the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different. The specific selection can be made according to the actual situation. This embodiment does not make any limitation here.

[0069] In different magnetohydrodynamic control unit arrays 300, the electronic switching components in the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 can be the same or different. The specific selection can be made according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0070] Compared to the aforementioned bias circuit embodiment, this embodiment omits the connecting wires, using a magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311 instead. The electronic switch assembly 312 and the grounding metal patch 314 are connected via the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311. This connection method not only simplifies the structure and reduces system complexity, but also avoids interference between connecting wires, the magnetocurrent disturbance unit 311, and other components, thus improving system performance.

[0071] In some embodiments, see Figure 10 The microstrip waveguide mechanism 200 and the magnetofluid disturbance unit 311 are directly connected through the electronic switch assembly 312 to disturb the magnetofluid.

[0072] In other embodiments, see Figure 11 It may also include an impedance transformer 315. The microstrip waveguide structure 200 is connected to the magnetofluid perturbation unit 311 via the impedance transformer 315, and the electronic switch assembly 312 is connected in series in the impedance transformer. Specifically, the impedance transformer 315 can be a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer.

[0073] The two different connection methods of the microstrip waveguide mechanism 200 and the magnetohydrodynamic disturbance unit 311 correspond to different bias voltage control methods in the waveguide control module 400, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the magnetohydrodynamic control unit array 300.

[0074] In some embodiments, the power distribution structure 100 can be fed in a unidirectional manner (see [reference]). Figure 13 It can also be used to feed power to the center (see...). Figure 14 The power divider structure 100 can be selected from various forms, such as microstrip line power dividers, rectangular waveguide coupled slot power dividers, substrate integrated waveguide coupled slot power dividers, and multi-channel independent signal line power dividers.

[0075] In some embodiments, the power distribution structure 100 can be disposed on the same planar layer as the microstrip waveguide structure 200.

[0076] In other embodiments, the power divider structure 100 may be positioned below the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to accommodate different design requirements, see [reference needed]. Figure 15 .

[0077] Specifically, a power divider board 500 and a microstrip waveguide board 600 are also provided. The power divider structure 100 is disposed on the power divider board 500, and the microstrip waveguide junction 200 is disposed on the microstrip waveguide board 600. The microstrip waveguide board 600 is positioned above and pressed against the power divider board 500, and the power divider structure 100 corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure 200 to couple the electromagnetic waves from the power divider structure 100 into the microstrip waveguide structure 200.

[0078] The following is combined Figure 15 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below.

[0079] like Figure 15 As shown, the microstrip waveguide structure 200 in this embodiment adopts a Rogers 4350B dielectric-filled microstrip structure, arranged in six parallel columns to form a two-dimensional beam scanning antenna. Each column of the microstrip waveguide structure 200 has a magnetocurrent control unit array 300 on both sides. The magnetocurrent disturbance unit 310 adopts the form of a magnetocurrent short-circuit post and is loaded with a PIN diode as an electronic switch component 312. The magnetocurrent control units 310 are arranged in an alternating array. The power divider structure 100 adopts a center-feed method based on a substrate-integrated waveguide-coupled slot power divider. Figure 16 This embodiment presents the normalized beam scanning results for the elevation and azimuth planes at an operating frequency of 5.3 GHz. In practical applications, the beam control module 400 can generate more beams to meet different scanning requirements. Figure 16 As can be seen from the diagram, this embodiment has a large beam scanning range in both the azimuth and elevation planes.

[0080] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A microstrip magnetocurrent-controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna, characterized in that, include: Power divider structure; At least one microstrip waveguide structure, wherein the power-feeding power divider structure is connected to each of the microstrip waveguide structures for feeding electromagnetic waves into each of the microstrip waveguide structures, wherein the microstrip waveguide structures transmit the electromagnetic waves in the form of traveling waves; At least two magnetohydrodynamic control unit arrays are disposed on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure and connected to the microstrip waveguide structure. Each magnetohydrodynamic control unit array includes multiple magnetohydrodynamic control units arranged along the length direction of the microstrip waveguide structure. Each magnetohydrodynamic control unit short-circuits the microstrip waveguide structure to ground and is used to radiate the electromagnetic waves fed into the microstrip waveguide structure into free space. A beam control module, connected to each of the magnetocurrent control units, is used to adjust the bias voltage between each magnetocurrent control unit and ground, thereby adjusting the operating state of each magnetocurrent control unit to control the distribution of magnetic current on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure. Each of the magnetocurrent control units includes: a magnetocurrent disturbance unit and a bias circuit; wherein... The magnetofluid perturbation unit is used to short-circuit the microstrip waveguide structure to ground. The bias circuit is connected to both the magnetocurrent disturbance unit and the microstrip waveguide structure, and is used to control the bias voltage between the microstrip waveguide structure and ground. The beam control module is electrically connected to the bias circuit in each of the magnetocurrent control units, and is used to control the bias voltage of each bias circuit to adjust the working state of each magnetocurrent disturbance unit, thereby controlling the distribution of magnetocurrent on both sides of the microstrip waveguide structure.

2. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetofluid disturbance unit is any one of a short-circuit grounding plate, a short-circuit grounding post, or a short-circuit metal patch.

3. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bias circuit includes: an electronic switch assembly, connecting wires, a bias wire, and a grounding metal patch; wherein... The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetofluid perturbation unit via the electronic switch assembly, and the magnetofluid perturbation unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; The electronic switch assembly is also connected to the grounding metal patch in sequence via the connecting line and the bias line; The beam control module is connected to the bias line.

4. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bias circuit includes: an electronic switch assembly, a bias line, and a grounding metal patch; wherein... The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the first end of the magnetofluid disturbance unit through the electronic switch assembly, and the second end of the magnetofluid disturbance unit is connected to the grounded metal patch; The first end of the bias line is connected to the grounding metal patch, and the second end of the bias line is connected to the beam control module.

5. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The electronic switching assembly includes an electronic switching element; or... The electronic switch assembly includes multiple interconnected electronic switch elements.

6. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electronic switching element is any one of a PIN diode, varactor diode, MEMS switch, or photosensitive switch.

7. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microstrip waveguide structure is a one-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure. The number of microstrip waveguide structures is two or more, and they are arranged in parallel to form a two-dimensional microstrip waveguide structure; correspondingly, the number of magnetohydrodynamic control unit arrays is four or more, and the positions of each magnetohydrodynamic control unit in each magnetohydrodynamic control unit array are arranged correspondingly or staggered.

8. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Impedance transformer; where, The microstrip waveguide structure is connected to the magnetofluid perturbation unit through the impedance transformer, and the electronic switch assembly is connected in series in the impedance transformer.

9. The microstrip magnetohydrodynamic controlled two-dimensional beam scanning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that... It also includes: a power divider board and a microstrip waveguide board; among which, The power distribution structure is disposed on the power distribution board; The microstrip waveguide structure is disposed on the microstrip waveguide plate; The microstrip waveguide is positioned above and pressed against the power divider board. Furthermore, the power divider structure corresponds to the microstrip waveguide structure, so as to couple the electromagnetic waves of the power divider structure into the microstrip waveguide structure.

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