A non-grounded arch support structure for roadway

Abstract

The present invention discloses a non-grounded arch support structure for a roadway, which relates to the technical field of roadway support and includes: a top support for supporting the roof of the roadway; an arched support located below the top support, with both ends of the arched support respectively supported on the side walls on both sides of the roadway; a force transmission component located between the top support and the arched support, and the force transmission component includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, and the vertical force transmission rods are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the arched support, and both ends of each vertical force transmission rod are respectively connected to the arched support and the top support. The present invention improves on the traditional beam-column combined support structure, designs a non-grounded arched support structure, does not set up columns, and does not provide support by columns, can transfer the pressure of the roof to the side walls of the roadway, innovatively uses the vertical pressure to increase the stability of the side walls, thereby improving the stability of the roadway and reducing the risk of roadway instability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roadway support, especially coal mine roadways, and particularly relates to a non-grounded arch support structure for roadways. Background Art

[0002] At present, the support system for coal mine roadways mainly uses the traditional combination structure of columns and beams to support the roof. Although this support method can provide a certain amount of support force, over time, in the support structure of two columns and one beam in traditional coal mine roadways, the columns support the beam, and the columns are fixed to the ground with bolts. This fixing method cannot ensure the solid connection between the columns and the ground, nor can it ensure the out-of-plane stability. It is easy to cause the roof to collapse, and thus trigger safety accidents. For the side walls of the roadway, usually only bolt support is used to maintain stability.

[0003] In addition, in the case of special situations such as a sudden increase in roadway pressure, there is no corresponding energy dissipation mechanism, and it is impossible to cope with special situations, and safety accidents such as roof collapse are likely to occur.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a non-grounded arch support structure for roadways. By designing an arched support structure, the pressure on the roof is transferred to the coal seam or rock mass on the side walls of the roadway through the non-grounded arch, and the vertical pressure is innovatively used to increase the stability of the side walls, while reducing the risk of roof collapse and improving the stability of the roadway.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A non-grounded arch support structure for roadways, comprising:

[0008] A top support for supporting the roof of the roadway;

[0009] An arched support located below the top support, with both ends of the arched support respectively supported on the side walls on both sides of the roadway;

[0010] A force transmission component located between the top support and the arched support. The force transmission component includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, and the vertical force transmission rods are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the arched support. Both ends of each vertical force transmission rod are respectively connected to the arched support and the top support.

[0011] Optionally, the arched support includes two arc segments;

[0012] One end of the two arc segments close to each other is hinged, and the other ends of the two arc segments far from each other are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls of the roadway.

[0013] Optionally, hinge seats and limiting protrusions are provided at one ends of the two arc segments facing away from the side wall, and the limiting protrusions protrude along the extending direction of the arc segments;

[0014] The limiting protrusion is located on one side of the hinge seat close to the top support;

[0015] The hinge seats of the two arc segments are hinged. When the arch support is deformed under pressure, the two arc segments both rotate around the hinge seat, so that the limiting protrusions of the two arc segments abut against each other.

[0016] Optionally, in the direction from the middle to both ends of the top support, the cross-section of the top support gradually decreases.

[0017] Optionally, a first support is further included;

[0018] The first support is arranged on the side wall of the roadway and at least partially protrudes from the side wall of the roadway;

[0019] Both ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the first supports on the side walls on both sides of the roadway.

[0020] Optionally, the first support includes a main seat body and a support platform extending outward from the main seat body;

[0021] The end of the arch support is movably supported on the support platform;

[0022] A pressure-relieving component is arranged between the first support and the arch support. Under the action of pressure, the pressure-relieving component can be deformed, so that the end of the arch support can slide along the support platform.

[0023] Optionally, the pressure-relieving component includes a damper, a first pressure-relieving block and a second pressure-relieving block;

[0024] Both ends of the damper are respectively connected to the first support and the arch support;

[0025] The first pressure-relieving block is located between the main seat body and the arch support, and the second pressure-relieving block is located between the support platform and the arch support.

[0026] Optionally, the main seat body has a first support surface, the support platform has a second support surface, the first support surface and the second support surface are perpendicular to each other, a first limiting rod is arranged on the first support surface, and a second limiting rod is arranged on the second support surface;

[0027] The end of the arched support has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other, a first chute is provided on the first mating surface, the first chute extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface, a second chute is provided on the second mating surface, and the second chute extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface;

[0028] The first yielding block is located between the first support surface and the first mating surface, and the first yielding block is sleeved on the first limiting rod. The second yielding block is located between the second support surface and the second mating surface, and the second yielding block is sleeved on the second limiting rod;

[0029] When the first yielding block is broken, the first limiting rod is inserted into the first chute;

[0030] When the second yielding block is broken, the second limiting rod is inserted into the second chute.

[0031] Optionally, it further includes a second support;

[0032] The second support is arranged on the two side walls of the roadway and at least partially protrudes from the side walls of the roadway;

[0033] Both ends of the top support are respectively supported on the second supports on the two side walls of the roadway.

[0034] Optionally, it further includes a third yielding block;

[0035] A third chute is provided at the end of the top support, and the third chute extends along the length direction of the top support;

[0036] A third limiting rod is provided on the second support;

[0037] The third yielding block is located between the second support and the top support, and the third yielding block is sleeved on the third limiting rod;

[0038] When the third yielding block is broken, the third limiting rod is inserted into the third chute.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The support structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention designs the traditional column and beam combined support structure into an arched support structure, without setting up columns and without providing support by columns. The pressure of the roof is transferred to the side walls of the roadway through a non-grounded arch frame, and the vertical pressure is innovatively utilized to increase the stability of the side walls, thereby improving the stability of the roadway and reducing the risk of roof collapse.

[0041] The following further describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0042] The accompanying drawings, as a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the top support and the second support in the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the arched support and the first support in the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 is a partial state diagram of the separated state of the arched support and the first support in the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the end of the arched support and the first support in the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of the partial structure of the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the arched support in the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure:

[0052] 1. Top support; 11. Third chute; 2. Arch support; 21. Arc section; 211. Hinge seat; 212. Limiting convex part; 213. First chute; 214. Second chute; 3. Force transmission component; 4. First support; 41. Main seat body; 411. First support surface; 412. First limiting rod; 42. Support platform; 421. Second support surface; 422. Second limiting rod; 5. Second support; 51. Third limiting rod; 61. Damper; 62. First pressure-relieving block; 63. Second pressure-relieving block; 7. Third pressure-relieving block; 8. Side wall; 9. Fixed anchor bolt; 10. Steel support; 20. Sensor.

[0053] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present invention in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings. Herein, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

[0055] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "including / containing", "consisting of...", or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process, or method including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but may also include other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or elements inherent to such product, device, process, or method. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including / containing..." or "consisting of..." do not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the product, device, process, or method including the said elements.

[0057] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device, component or structure must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0060] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a roadway non-grounded arch support structure, including: a top support 1, an arch support 2, and a force transmission assembly 3. The top support 1 is used to support the roof of the roadway. The arch support 2 is located below the top support 1. Both ends of the arch support 2 are respectively supported on the side walls 8 on both sides of the roadway. The force transmission assembly 3 is located between the top support 1 and the arch support 2. The force transmission assembly 3 includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, and the vertical force transmission rods are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the arch support 2. Both ends of each vertical force transmission rod are respectively connected to the arch support 2 and the top support 1.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, the top support 1 is generally a horizontal structure, and the arch support 2 is an upwardly convex arch structure, forming an arch support structure as a whole. Due to the geometric characteristics of the arch support structure, when the pressure exerted by the roof acts on the arch support, the pressure will be distributed along the curved support unit of the arch and transmitted to the support part of the support structure through the curved curve of the arch. The rock mass structure of the roadway side wall 8 and the support structure jointly bear these pressures, preventing the pressure from concentrating on the roof or a single position, thereby avoiding the collapse of the roof due to excessive local pressure. In this way, the arch structure effectively converts the vertical pressure of the roof into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure, enabling the roadway side wall 8 to bear most of the pressure burden, thus greatly improving the stability of the roadway.

[0062] The force can be transmitted between the arch support 2 and the top support 1 through multiple vertical force transmission rods, so as to evenly transmit the pressure applied by the roof of the roadway to the arch support 2, and the arch support 2 further converts it into horizontal or inclined lateral pressure, which is evenly transmitted to the side wall 8 of the roadway, enabling the side wall 8 of the roadway to bear most of the pressure burden and ensuring that the arch structure can remain stable under different working conditions of the roadway.

[0063] In some possible implementation schemes, such as Figure 7 As shown, multiple non-grounded arch support structures of the present invention can be arranged in the roadway, and each arch support structure is arranged at intervals in the length direction of the roadway. Multiple steel supports 10 are arranged in sequence in the width direction of the roadway and extend in the length direction of the roadway. Each steel support 10 is supported and connected to multiple adjacent top supports 1, so that the top supports 1 of each arch support structure are connected to each other and support each other, ensuring the support stability of the support structure on the top plane. When the pressure above the roof increases, under the combined action of each steel support 10, each arch support structure will maintain out-of-plane stability and will not skew.

[0064] In some possible implementation schemes, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the direction from the middle to both ends of the arch support 2, the cross-section of the arch support 2 gradually increases.

[0065] The arch support 2 can be a variable cross-section beam, and its structural feature is that it is thick at both ends and thin in the middle. When the arch support 2 is compressed, the top is prone to deform and move downward, changing the overall shape of the arch support 2, making the arch support 2 easier to flatten, so that the lateral pressure converted from the arch support 2 into horizontal or inclined direction makes the side wall 8 of the roadway bear most of the pressure burden, thereby improving the stability of the roadway and reducing the risk of roof collapse. At the same time, using a variable cross-section beam for the arch support 2 uses less steel than a beam with a uniform height (a beam with a fixed cross-sectional area), which is convenient for cost saving and engineering installation.

[0066] In some possible implementation schemes, the arch support 2 includes two arc segments 21. One end (the thin end) where the two arc segments 21 are close to each other is hinged, and the other ends (the thick ends) where the two arc segments 21 are far from each other are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls 8 of the roadway. At the same time, as Figure 8 shown, a hinge seat 211 and a limit convex portion 212 are arranged at one end of the two arc segments 21 away from the side wall 8. The limit convex portion 212 protrudes along the extension direction of the arc segment 21, and the limit convex portion 212 is located on the side of the hinge seat 211 close to the top support 1. The hinge seats 211 of the two arc segments 21 are hinged. When the arch support 2 is compressed and deformed, the two arc segments 21 both rotate around the hinge seat 211, so that the limit convex portions 212 of the two arc segments 21 abut against each other.

[0067] By hinging two arc segments 21 and providing a limiting convex portion 212 at the top, when the two arc segments 21 are pressed and rotated, when the limiting convex portions 212 on the two arc segments 21 come into contact and abut against each other, the two arc segments 21 change from a force-deforming structure to a rigid abutting and mating structure, enabling only axial force to be transmitted in the middle of the arch support 2, converting the lateral pressure from the arch support 2 into horizontal or oblique lateral pressure, causing the roadway sidewall 8 to bear most of the pressure burden, thereby improving the stability of the roadway and reducing the risk of roof collapse.

[0068] In some possible implementation schemes, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in the direction from the middle to both ends of the top support 1, the cross-section of the top support 1 gradually decreases.

[0069] The top support 1 is a variable cross-section beam, and its structural feature is that it is thin at both ends and thick in the middle. The top support 1 can be a simply supported beam, and the bending moment in the middle of the beam is the largest, so the beam height in the middle is greater. At the same time, the variable cross-section beam uses less steel than a beam with a uniform height (a beam with a fixed cross-sectional area), which is convenient for cost saving and engineering installation.

[0070] In some possible implementation schemes, the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway includes a first support 4, the first support 4 is arranged on the sidewall 8 of the roadway and at least partially protrudes from the sidewall 8 of the roadway, and both ends of the arch support 2 are respectively supported on the first supports 4 on the sidewalls 8 on both sides of the roadway.

[0071] By arranging the first support 4 on the sidewall 8 of the roadway, it is convenient to support both ends of the arch support 2 respectively, reducing the difficulty of the assembly process. The first support 4 can be a concrete-embedded support, which can be partially embedded inside the sidewall 8 of the roadway to form an integral structure with the sidewall 8. Among them, the arch support structure can also include a fixed anchor rod 9, and the fixed anchor rod 9 is partially located inside the sidewall 8 of the roadway and partially extends out of the sidewall 8 of the roadway and is connected to the corresponding first support 4. For example, a through hole is opened on the first support 4, the anchor rod passes through the through hole of the support, and a limiting block is connected to the end of the anchor rod extending out of the first support 4, thereby stably fixing the first support 4 and the sidewall 8 of the roadway as a whole. In the embodiment of the present invention, protruding the first support 4 from the surface of the sidewall 8 of the roadway is convenient for the installation and maintenance of related structures, such as the yielding component described below.

[0072] In some possible implementation schemes, in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first support 4 includes a main seat body 41 and a support platform 42 extending outward from the main seat body 41. The main seat body 41 and the support platform 42 form an L-shaped structure, and a stepped groove can be formed between them. The end of the arched support 2 is located in the stepped groove, and the end of the arched support 2 is movably supported on the first support 4. A pressure-relieving component is arranged between the first support 4 and the arched support 2. Under the action of pressure, the pressure-relieving component can deform, so that the end of the arched support 2 can slide along the support platform 42.

[0073] The pressure-relieving component can include a sensor 20, and the pressure change of the arch support structure in the roadway can be monitored in real time through the sensor 20. When the pressure is abnormal, an alarm or other operations can be triggered. When the arch support structure is overloaded, the pressure-relieving component breaks or is compressed and deformed or displaced, so that the roof rock formation has a displacement space, preventing the roof collapse caused by sudden pressure fluctuations.

[0074] In some possible implementation schemes, combined with Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the pressure-relieving component includes a damper 61, a first pressure-relieving block 62 and a second pressure-relieving block 63. The two ends of the damper 61 are respectively connected to the first support 4 and the arched support 2. The first pressure-relieving block 62 is located between the main seat body 41 and the arched support 2, and a sensor 20 (such as a pressure or displacement sensor 20) can be arranged between the first pressure-relieving block 62 and the main seat body 41. The second pressure-relieving block 63 is located between the support platform 42 and the arched support 2, and a sensor 20 can be arranged between the second pressure-relieving block 63 and the support platform 42.

[0075] The pressure-relieving component monitors the pressure change in the roadway in real time through the sensor 20. When the pressure is abnormal, the pressure-relieving block will break, and the damper 61 will be displaced, so that the roof rock formation has a displacement space, preventing the roof collapse caused by sudden pressure fluctuations. Each pressure-relieving block and the damper 61 of the pressure-relieving component cooperate with the arched support unit to disperse the pressure to the greatest extent. The pressure-relieving component provided by the embodiment of the present invention is designed with a pressure-relieving damping function according to different rock formation conditions to cope with complex situations such as sudden increase in roof pressure, ensuring the stability of the roof and reducing the risk of roof collapse. The design of the sensor 20 can provide data reference for analyzing the pressure and the stability of the support structure, so that the support structure can be used in roadways with a long service life, which is beneficial to long-term monitoring and research of the relevant mechanical data of the roadway.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the arched support 2 cooperate with the corresponding pressure-relieving components and have a certain displacement space, so that the arched support 2 can displace when the stress above the limit occurs at both ends above the roadway, avoiding the sudden increase in the stress on the roof support under special conditions in a "yielding" way, and effectively ensuring the support stability and the integrity of the roadway roof.

[0077] Specifically, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the main seat body 41 has a first support surface 411, the support platform 42 has a second support surface 421, the first support surface 411 and the second support surface 421 are perpendicular to each other. A first limiting rod 412 is provided on the first support surface 411, and a second limiting rod 422 is provided on the second support surface 421. The end of the arched support 2 has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other. A first sliding groove 213 is provided on the first mating surface, and the first sliding groove 213 extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface. A second sliding groove 214 is provided on the second mating surface, and the second sliding groove 214 extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface.

[0078] Among them, the first yielding block 62 is located between the first support surface 411 and the first mating surface, and the first yielding block 62 is sleeved on the first limiting rod 412. The second yielding block 63 is located between the second support surface 421 and the second mating surface, and the second yielding block 63 is sleeved on the second limiting rod 422. In a state where the first yielding block 62 is broken, the first limiting rod 412 is inserted into the first sliding groove 213, and the first limiting rod 412 can slide along the first sliding groove 213. So that the end of the arched support 2 can only move downward relative to the first support 4. In a state where the second yielding block 63 is broken, the second limiting rod 422 is inserted into the second sliding groove 214, so that the two ends of the arched support 2 can slide horizontally in opposite directions, that is, they can only move to the left and right.

[0079] A jack can be provided on the yielding block, and a limiting rod is provided on the support. The limiting rod can be inserted into the jack on the yielding block to play a role in limiting and fixing the yielding block. When the yielding block is damaged due to excessive load, the limiting rod will be inserted into the sliding groove and slidably cooperate with the sliding groove. The length of the sliding groove is greater than the outer diameter of the limiting rod, so that there is a corresponding "yielding space" between the arched support 2 and the first support. By using the "yielding" method, it can avoid the sudden increase of the stress on the roof support under special conditions and effectively ensure the support stability and the integrity of the roadway roof.

[0080] In some possible implementation schemes, the arch support structure further includes a second support 5. The second support 5 is arranged on the side wall 8 of the roadway and at least partially protrudes from the side wall 8 of the roadway. The two ends of the top support 1 are respectively supported on the second supports 5 on the two side walls 8 of the roadway.

[0081] By arranging a second support 5 on the side wall 8 of the roadway, the two ends of the top support 1 can be conveniently supported, reducing the difficulty of the assembly process. The second support 5 can be a concrete-embedded support, which can be partially embedded inside the side wall 8 of the roadway and form an integral structure with the side wall 8. Wherein, the arch support structure can further include a fixing bolt 9, and a part of the fixing bolt 9 is located inside the side wall 8 of the roadway, and a part extends out of the side wall 8 of the roadway and is connected to the corresponding second support 5. For example, through holes are formed in the second support 5, the bolt 9 is arranged through the through holes of the second support 5, and a limiting block is connected to the end of the bolt 9 extending out of the support, so as to stably fix the second support 5 and the side wall 8 of the roadway into one body.

[0082] In some possible implementation schemes, such as Figure 3 shown, the non-grounded arch support structure of the roadway includes a third pressure-relieving block 7. A third sliding groove 11 is arranged at the end of the top support 1. The third sliding groove 11 is specifically arranged at the bottom side of the end, and the third sliding groove 11 extends along the length direction of the top support 1. A third limiting rod 51 is arranged on the second support 5. The third pressure-relieving block 7 is sleeved on the third limiting rod 51, and the third pressure-relieving block 7 is located between the second support 5 and the top support 1. In the state where the third pressure-relieving block 7 is broken, the third limiting rod 51 is inserted into the third sliding groove 11, and the third limiting rod 51 plays a role in limiting the top support 1, restricting the position of the top support 1 and preventing the top support 1 from shifting out of the plane.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, through holes can be arranged on the third pressure-relieving block 7, and limiting rods are arranged on the second support 5. The limiting rods can be inserted into the through holes on the third pressure-relieving block 7 to play a role in limiting and fixing the third pressure-relieving block 7. When the third pressure-relieving block 7 is damaged due to excessive load, the third limiting rod 51 will be inserted into the third sliding groove 11 and slidably cooperate with the third sliding groove 11. The length of the third sliding groove 11 is greater than the outer diameter of the third limiting rod 51, so that there is a corresponding "yielding space" between the arched support 2 and the second support 5, and the "yielding" method is used to avoid the sharp increase of the stress on the roof support under special conditions, effectively ensuring the support stability and the integrity of the roadway roof.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging various pressure-relieving blocks and dampers 61 on the arch support structure, the pressure-relieving blocks can be broken according to the sudden increase of the pressure in the roadway, so that the arch support structure undergoes a certain displacement, and through the action of the pressure-relieving blocks and the dampers 61, the excess energy is dissipated. The damper 61 can be a hydraulic damper 61 or a friction damper 61. After the damper 61 is stressed beyond a certain pressure, it will deform, so that the energy is gradually dissipated smoothly in the system, avoiding the sharp increase of the roof pressure.

[0085] The non-grounded arch support structure of the present invention can effectively improve the stability of the roadway and reduce the risk of roof collapse. At the same time, the top support 1, the arched support 2 and the yielding component can work together, which can extend the service life of the support structure, improve the safety and production efficiency of the mine. Moreover, compared with the traditional combination structure of columns and beams to support the roof, with the roadway sidewall as the support foundation instead of supporting on the roadway floor, there is no need to consider the flatness, firm connection and out-of-plane stability of the roadway ground, and the layout of the whole support structure is more reasonable.

[0086] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art of the present invention can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes by using the technical content prompted above within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel, characterized in that: include: A top support, the top support being used to support the top plate of the tunnel; An arch support, the arch support is located below the top support, and both ends of the arch support are respectively supported on the side walls of both sides of the tunnel; A force transmission assembly, the force transmission assembly is located between the top support and the arch support, the force transmission assembly includes a plurality of vertical force transmission rods, each of the vertical force transmission rods is sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the arch support, and both ends of each of the vertical force transmission rods are respectively connected to the arch support and the top support; a first support, the first support being arranged on the side wall of the lane and at least partially protruding from the side wall of the lane; both ends of the arch support being respectively supported on the first supports on the side walls of both sides of the lane; and The first support comprises a main support body and a support platform extending outward from the main support body; the end of the arch support is movably supported on the support platform; a pressure-releasing component is provided between the first support and the arch support, and under the action of pressure, the pressure-releasing component can be deformed so that the end of the arch support can slide along the support platform; and The pressure-releasing assembly includes a damper, a first pressure-releasing block and a second pressure-releasing block; two ends of the damper are respectively connected to the first support and the arch support; the first pressure-releasing block is located between the main seat body and the arch support, and the second pressure-releasing block is located between the support platform and the arch support; The damper, the first pressure-releasing block and the second pressure-releasing block of the pressure-releasing assembly cooperate with the arch support and monitor the pressure changes in the tunnel in real time. When the pressure is abnormal, the pressure blocks are broken and the damper is displaced, allowing the roof rock layer to have displacement space, thereby dispersing the pressure to the maximum extent and preventing the roof collapse caused by sudden pressure fluctuations.

2. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arched support comprises two arc-shaped segments; The ends of the two arc segments that are close to each other are hinged, and the ends of the two arc segments that are far away from each other are respectively connected to the corresponding side walls of the lane.

3. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A hinge seat and a limiting convex portion are provided at one end of the two arc-shaped segments away from the side wall, and the limiting convex portion is provided protrudingly along the extending direction of the arc-shaped segments; The limiting protrusion is located on a side of the hinge seat close to the top support; The hinge seats of the two arc segments are hinged to each other. When the arch support is compressed and deformed, the two arc segments rotate around the hinge seats, so that the limiting convex parts of the two arc segments abut against each other.

4. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the top support gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends.

5. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main seat body has a first supporting surface, the supporting platform has a second supporting surface, the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface are perpendicular to each other, a first limiting rod is arranged on the first supporting surface, and a second limiting rod is arranged on the second supporting surface; The end of the arch support has a first mating surface and a second mating surface, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are perpendicular to each other, a first slide groove is arranged on the first mating surface, the first slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the second mating surface, and a second slide groove is arranged on the second mating surface, the second slide groove extends in a direction perpendicular to the first mating surface; The first pressure block is located between the first supporting surface and the first matching surface, and the first pressure block is sleeved on the first limiting rod; the second pressure block is located between the second supporting surface and the second matching surface, and the second pressure block is sleeved on the second limiting rod; When the first pressing block is broken, the first limiting rod is inserted into the first sliding groove; When the second pressing block is broken, the second limiting rod is inserted into the second sliding groove.

6. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second support; The second support is disposed on the side walls of both sides of the lane, and at least partially protrudes from the side walls of the lane; The two ends of the top support are respectively supported on second supports on the side walls on both sides of the tunnel.

7. The non-ground-type arch support structure for a tunnel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Also includes a third let-down block; A third slide groove is provided at the end of the top support, and the third slide groove extends along the length direction of the top support; A third limiting rod is arranged on the second support; The third pressure block is located between the second support and the top support, and the third pressure block is sleeved on the third limiting rod; When the third pressing block is broken, the third limiting rod is inserted into the third sliding groove.

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