Cement-based structure supercapacitor and wall energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cement-based structure supercapacitor and a wall energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage. Wherein the cement-based structure super capacitor comprises a capacitor positive electrode, a capacitor negative electrode and a cement-based solid electrolyte; the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode are made of carbon nanomaterials; the cement-based solid electrolyte comprises cement, a conductive additive and a transition metal oxide; the cement-based solid electrolyte is arranged between the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode. According to the technical scheme, the energy storage performance of the super capacitor with the cement-based structure can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a cement-based supercapacitor and a wall energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging energy storage technology, cement-based structural supercapacitor (CSSC) has received widespread attention. Cement-based structural supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device between traditional capacitors and batteries. It has the advantages of high power density, long life and environmental protection, and is widely used in power systems. Among them, cement-based materials have a porous and insulating structure, which provides a large number of channels for ion migration, making it an ideal material for preparing supercapacitors.

[0003] At present, the solid electrolyte of the existing cement-based supercapacitor is composed of cement. However, the energy density and power density of the cement-based supercapacitor composed of the above solid electrolyte are low, resulting in low energy storage performance of the existing cement-based supercapacitor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a cement-based structure supercapacitor and a wall energy storage system, the main purpose of which is to solve the technical problem of low energy storage performance of existing cement-based structure supercapacitors.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cement-based structural supercapacitor, the cement-based structural supercapacitor comprising a capacitor positive electrode, a capacitor negative electrode and a cement-based solid electrolyte;

[0006] The material of the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode is carbon nanomaterial, and the cement-based solid electrolyte includes cement, conductive additives and transition metal oxides;

[0007] The cement-based solid electrolyte is arranged between the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the carbon nanomaterial is reduced graphene oxide.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the cement is at least one of silicate cement, aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the conductive additive is at least one of polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and polyoxide.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the transition metal oxide is at least one of tin oxide, copper oxide and manganese oxide.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the ratio of the cement, the conductive additive and the transition metal oxide in the cement-based solid electrolyte is 19:5:1.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the preparation method of the cement-based structural supercapacitor includes: mixing the cement, the conductive additive and the transition metal oxide to obtain a mixed raw material; placing the mixed raw material in a mold to harden and form the cement-based solid electrolyte; inserting the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode into both ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain the cement-based structural supercapacitor.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, in the mixed raw materials, the cement accounts for 76% of the mixed raw materials, the conductive additive accounts for 20% of the mixed raw materials, and the transition metal oxide accounts for 4% of the mixed raw materials.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the step of inserting the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode into both ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor includes: inserting the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode into both ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain a semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor; and setting the semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor to a preset temperature environment for a preset time to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wall energy storage system, the wall energy storage system comprising the cement-based structure supercapacitor as described above.

[0017] The present invention provides a cement-based supercapacitor and a wall energy storage system. The cement-based solid electrolyte of the cement-based supercapacitor contains a transition metal oxide. The transition metal oxide has a high specific capacity and can provide an additional pseudocapacitance effect for the capacitor through surface redox reactions. More charge can be stored on the electrode / electrolyte interface, thereby improving the energy density and power density of the cement-based supercapacitor, thereby improving the energy storage performance of the cement-based supercapacitor.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a cement-based supercapacitor provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a wall energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] At present, the solid electrolyte of the existing cement-based structure supercapacitor is composed of cement. However, the energy density and power density of the cement-based structure supercapacitor composed of the above solid electrolyte are low, resulting in low energy storage performance of the existing cement-based structure supercapacitor.

[0024] In view of the above problems, in one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a cement-based structural supercapacitor is provided, including a capacitor positive electrode 100, a capacitor negative electrode 200 and a cement-based solid electrolyte 300.

[0025] The material of the capacitor positive electrode 100 and the capacitor negative electrode 200 is carbon nanomaterial, wherein the carbon nanomaterial constituting the capacitor positive electrode 100 and the capacitor negative electrode 200 can be reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and the capacitor positive electrode 100 and the capacitor negative electrode 200 are respectively flaky graphene electrodes made of reduced graphene oxide.

[0026] Furthermore, the cement-based solid electrolyte 300 includes cement, a conductive additive and a transition metal oxide; specifically, the cement-based solid electrolyte 300 is a mixture of cement, a conductive additive and a transition metal oxide, and the ratio of cement, a conductive additive and a transition metal oxide in the cement-based solid electrolyte 300 can be 19:5:1. Here, adding a conductive additive and a transition metal oxide to the cement-based solid electrolyte 300 can improve the electrochemical properties of the cement-based solid electrolyte 300, such as the charge storage capacity and ion conductivity, thereby improving the energy storage performance of the final cement-based structure supercapacitor.

[0027] Further, the cement may be at least one of silicate cement, aluminate cement or sulphoaluminate cement. Further, the conductive additive may be at least one of polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylamide (PAM), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyoxide (PEO). Further, the transition metal oxide may be at least one of tin oxide (SnO2), copper oxide (CuO) and manganese oxide (Mn2O3). In this embodiment, the conductive additive is acrylamide (PAM) and the transition metal oxide is manganese oxide (Mn2O3) as an example for description.

[0028] Furthermore, the cement-based solid electrolyte 300 is disposed between the capacitor positive electrode 100 and the capacitor negative electrode 200 to form a cement-based structural supercapacitor. In actual use, the capacitor positive electrode 100 and the capacitor negative electrode 200 of the cement-based structural supercapacitor can be connected to an external power system, such as a new energy storage system, to use the cement-based structural supercapacitor.

[0029] The present invention provides a cement-based supercapacitor, in which the cement-based solid electrolyte of the cement-based supercapacitor contains a transition metal oxide. The transition metal oxide has a high specific capacity and can provide an additional pseudocapacitance effect for the capacitor through surface redox reactions, so that more charge can be stored on the electrode / electrolyte interface, thereby improving the energy density and power density of the cement-based supercapacitor, thereby improving the energy storage performance of the cement-based supercapacitor.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the cement-based structure supercapacitor includes:

[0031] First, the cement, the conductive additive and the transition metal oxide are mixed to obtain a mixed raw material; specifically, in the mixed raw material, the cement accounts for 76% of the mixed raw material, the conductive additive accounts for 20% of the mixed raw material, and the transition metal oxide accounts for 4% of the mixed raw material. Here, the proportions of cement, acrylamide and manganese oxide in the mixed raw material are 76%, 20% and 4% respectively.

[0032] Among them, cement can use silicate (Portland) cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.4 and a cement grade of 4.25R; here, although the silicate cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.3 has the highest strength, its conductivity is not the best, while the silicate cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.4 can take into account both compressive strength and conductivity, and the 42.5R grade cement is an early-strength and high-hardness cement, and its strength increases rapidly in a short time.

[0033] Then, the mixed raw materials are placed in a mold for hardening and forming to obtain the cement-based solid electrolyte; specifically, the mixed raw materials can be poured into a mold to form a cement-based solid electrolyte of a desired shape, and cured for 28 days to solidify the cement. The shape of the mold can be designed according to actual needs, such as a brick shape, a flat plate shape, etc.

[0034] Finally, the positive electrode of the capacitor and the negative electrode of the capacitor are inserted into both ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain the cement-based structural supercapacitor. Specifically, after the cement-based solid electrolyte is solidified in the mold, the positive electrode of the capacitor and the negative electrode of the capacitor can be inserted into both ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain a semi-solidified cement-based structural supercapacitor. Furthermore, before the semi-solidified cement-based structural supercapacitor is solidified again, a layer of surface cement can be applied to the outer surface of the semi-solidified cement-based structural supercapacitor, and ports for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the capacitor are reserved, wherein the surface cement is selected from high belite cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 and a cement grade of 52.5R. Here, high belite cement with a cement grade of 52.5R is an early-strength superhard cement with low porosity and poor conductivity; further, the heat release of high belite cement during the hydration process is not concentrated compared with silicate cement, which can reduce the generation of cement cracks during the solidification process and has better cement strength; further, cement with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 has low conductivity, and coating it on the outer surface of a cement-based structural supercapacitor helps the insulation of the cement-based structural supercapacitor, and can increase the strength of the cement-based structural supercapacitor while insulating the cement-based structural supercapacitor. In addition, high belite cement is a low-carbon, green and environmentally friendly cement, which is beneficial to energy saving and carbon reduction.

[0035] Furthermore, the semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor is set in an environment of a preset temperature and maintained for a preset time to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor; here, the semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor inserted can be placed in a curing furnace and dried at a certain temperature to obtain a cement-based structure supercapacitor.

[0036] Here, the semi-cured cement-based structural supercapacitor can be placed in a curing furnace for curing treatment. The temperature and time of the curing treatment can be adjusted according to the type of cement and the type of additives, but generally speaking, the preset temperature for curing can be between 60°C and 100°C, and the preset time can be between 1 and 24 hours. Here, the purpose of re-curing the semi-cured cement-based structural supercapacitor is to re-cur the solidified cement-based structural supercapacitor, making its physical structure more stable and the building performance more stable.

[0037] Furthermore, after obtaining the cement-based structural supercapacitor, it is necessary to perform a performance test on the cement-based structural supercapacitor to verify whether the cement-based structural supercapacitor can be put into use. Here, the performance test mainly includes compressive strength test, energy storage performance test and adaptability test: Here, the voltage, current and power parameters of the cement-based structural supercapacitor can be measured by an electric power tester to verify its ability to store and release electrical energy. Then, the performance of the cement-based structural supercapacitor under different environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and air pressure is measured by an environmental tester, and an environmental adaptability test is performed on it to verify its environmental adaptability.

[0038] Among them, the method of compressive strength test is: prepare three cement-based structural supercapacitors of the same size as different sample test blocks, and cure them separately according to the same method as the test example. After the curing reaches the specified time, a concrete pressure testing machine is used to perform a compressive test to obtain the compressive strength of the test block, and the average value of the compressive strength of the three test blocks is taken as the compressive strength test value of the actual cement-based structural supercapacitor. If the compressive strength test value exceeds the preset strength threshold, the cement-based structural supercapacitor passes the compressive strength test.

[0039] Furthermore, the energy storage performance test is used to test the specific capacitance of cement-based structural supercapacitors. The specific method is as follows: prepare the same cement-based structural supercapacitor as in the compressive strength test as a test block, use an electrochemical workstation to test, and use potassium hydroxide aqueous solution as the electrolyte at room temperature and a double-electrode system to measure the cement-based structural supercapacitor. Here, the specific capacitance C of the cement-based structural supercapacitor can be calculated by formula (1):

[0040] C=iΔT / AΔV(1)

[0041] Among them, i is the charge and discharge current of the cement-based supercapacitor, A is the physical area of ​​the electrode material of the cement-based supercapacitor, ΔV is the operating voltage window, and ΔT is the discharge time.

[0042] Furthermore, in addition to conventional tests on the compressive strength and energy storage performance of the prepared cement-based structural supercapacitor, it is also necessary to conduct adaptability tests to further clarify the adaptability of the energy storage performance of the cement-based structural supercapacitor to different pressure conditions. The adaptability test is carried out as follows: the surface capacitance value of the cement-based structural supercapacitor test block is tested in the pressure range of 10MPa-50MPa, with an interval of 5MPa when it is subjected to different pressures. If the overall measured surface capacitance value fluctuation range is within 5%, the cement-based structural supercapacitor passes the adaptability test.

[0043] Furthermore, the environmental adaptability test includes specific capacitance test, energy storage energy test, internal resistance test and cycle stability test.

[0044] Among them, the specific capacitance test evaluates the specific capacitance of the cement-based structure supercapacitor through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge and discharge tests. Here, when the test value of the specific capacitance measured by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge and discharge tests exceeds a preset specific capacitance threshold, the cement-based structure supercapacitor passes the specific capacitance test.

[0045] Furthermore, the energy storage energy test can calculate the energy storage energy of the cement-based structure supercapacitor through a constant current charge and discharge test; specifically, the energy storage energy W of the cement-based structure supercapacitor can be calculated based on formula (2):

[0046]

[0047] Wherein, C1 is the capacitance of the cement-based supercapacitor, and V1 is the voltage of the alternating current applied to the cement-based supercapacitor. Here, the mass energy density and volume energy density of the cement-based supercapacitor can also be calculated by similar formulas. Furthermore, if the energy storage energy of the cement-based supercapacitor exceeds the preset energy threshold, the cement-based supercapacitor passes the energy storage energy test.

[0048] Furthermore, the internal resistance test can be evaluated by the Nyquist plot, where the internal resistance (Rs) is obtained by the intercept of the curve on the x-axis, which mainly represents the contact resistance between the electrode and the current collector, the bulk ionic resistance of the electrolyte, and the internal resistance of the active electrode material. The semicircular arc diameter represents the charge transfer resistance Rct at the electrode electrolyte interface. The internal resistance value of the cement-based structure supercapacitor can be calculated in the above manner. Here, if the internal resistance value of the cement-based structure supercapacitor is lower than the preset internal resistance threshold, the cement-based structure supercapacitor passes the internal resistance test.

[0049] Furthermore, cycle stability is related to the practical application value of capacitors and is an important indicator for characterizing capacitor performance. Through the cycle stability test, the cement-based supercapacitor is subjected to multiple constant current charge and discharge tests at a constant current density to evaluate the changes in the specific capacitance and coulomb efficiency of the cement-based supercapacitor to determine its cycle stability. Here, if the specific capacitance of the cement-based supercapacitor in multiple constant current charge and discharge tests is all within the preset normal specific capacitance range, and the coulomb efficiency of the cement-based supercapacitor in multiple constant current charge and discharge tests is all within the preset normal coulomb efficiency range, then the cement-based supercapacitor passes the cycle stability test.

[0050] Furthermore, after the specific capacitance test, energy storage energy test, internal resistance test and cycle stability test are all passed, the cement-based structure supercapacitor can be deemed to have passed the environmental adaptability test. Furthermore, the cement-based structure supercapacitor can be subjected to an environmental simulation test to test the effects of environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure on the performance of the supercapacitor, so it is necessary to test in a controlled environment. Furthermore, after the cement-based structure supercapacitor passes the environmental adaptability test, environmental simulation test, compressive strength test, energy storage performance test and adaptability test, the cement-based structure supercapacitor can be put into use.

[0051] The embodiments provided in the present application can prepare cement-based structural supercapacitors and perform various tests on the cement-based structural supercapacitors to verify whether the various functions and performances of the cement-based structural supercapacitors meet the standards. After the cement-based structural supercapacitors pass the tests, the cement-based structural supercapacitors can be put into use, ensuring that the functions and performances of the cement-based structural supercapacitors are at a high level.

[0052] The present invention provides a cement-based structural supercapacitor, wherein the cement-based solid electrolyte of the cement-based structural supercapacitor contains transition metal oxides, thereby improving the energy density and power density of the cement-based structural supercapacitor; at the same time, the function and performance of the cement-based structural supercapacitor can be verified through various tests, thereby ensuring that the cement-based structural supercapacitor has high energy storage performance.

[0053] Furthermore, with the development of energy storage technology, micro-sized household energy storage systems have been widely used. Existing micro-sized household energy storage systems usually include photovoltaic modules, energy storage batteries, energy storage inverters, grid-connected and metering equipment, which can be connected to public power grids, household loads and important loads to store energy or supply power. The working principle of the micro-sized household energy storage system is to give priority to meeting the electricity demand of important loads in the home. After meeting the electricity demand of important loads, the energy storage battery is charged, and finally other household loads are supplied with power, while the excess electricity flows to the power grid.

[0054] At present, the energy storage batteries in micro-sized household energy storage systems are mostly lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries, and the installation forms of energy storage batteries include plug-in type, wall-mounted type, and stacked type. Among them, the energy storage battery with plug-in type installation adopts modular design. Users can add or reduce energy storage units according to actual needs and customize the scale of the energy storage system according to the user's electricity demand, which has high flexibility and scalability.

[0055] The stacking solution allows multiple battery cells to be stacked together to form a whole, and usually has a larger energy storage capacity. The system is usually designed to be rectangular or square, and requires a certain amount of installation space and brackets to support the entire system. It makes relatively good use of vertical space, but the footprint may be larger.

[0056] Wall-mounted energy storage devices have a thin and compact appearance and can be directly mounted on the wall without the need for additional brackets. Compared with the above two solutions, they occupy less space and are more suitable for home environments with limited space. Although the capacity of wall-mounted energy storage devices is smaller, some wall-mounted batteries may perform better than other battery energy storage solutions in terms of output power, charging and discharging speed and other performance.

[0057] However, although the existing energy storage batteries can meet the electricity needs of household users to a certain extent, there are still some problems and limitations. First, the existing energy storage batteries mainly use batteries for energy storage. Although batteries can store a large amount of energy, due to their limited life, low power density and high cost, and the existing installation schemes all need to occupy a certain space in the house, the purchase, installation and maintenance costs of energy storage batteries are high. In addition, due to the use of battery energy storage, it is difficult to fully meet the long-term high-power electricity needs of household users. Secondly, the production, use and disposal of batteries may have an impact on the environment, especially the disposal of discarded batteries. In addition, the liquid electrolyte in traditional batteries is easy to leak and flammable, and there are safety risks, resulting in high requirements for technical personnel in design, installation and maintenance. In addition, the structural strength of the battery itself is poor, and in order to prevent internal electrolyte leakage, the existing energy storage system still has a lot of room for improvement in terms of safety, cost, space utilization, energy cleanliness, etc.

[0058] In addition, if ordinary supercapacitors are used as energy storage devices, a protective shell needs to be set up on the outside to prevent the influence of static electricity, dust, moisture and other factors, which greatly increases the difficulty of installing the energy storage system and wastes manpower and material resources.

[0059] In response to the above problems, Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wall energy storage system, the wall energy storage system includes the cement-based structure supercapacitor as described above, wherein the appearance of the wall energy storage system is similar to the wall in the building, and it can be constructed in various types of buildings as the wall of the building; wherein one building can be provided with one or more wall energy storage systems, and each wall energy storage system includes at least one cement-based structure supercapacitor. Furthermore, the cement-based structure supercapacitor in the wall energy storage system can be connected to a micro-small household energy storage system as an energy storage device of the micro-small household energy storage system.

[0060] Here, because cement-based structural supercapacitors use the strength of cement materials themselves as structural support, cement materials have high compressive strength after curing, which allows them to be directly used as part of the wall structure without the need for additional protective shells to provide physical protection; in addition, cement-based materials have good durability, and they can resist the influence of environmental factors such as humidity, temperature changes, etc., which reduces the capacitor's need for external protective shells; further, cement-based structural supercapacitors can be integrated into building structures, such as the concrete foundation or pavement of a house. This integration method enables them to be part of the structure while having energy storage functions without the need for additional protective shells; further, cement-based structural supercapacitors can work in harsh environments, including outdoor conditions, thanks to the inherent properties of cement materials, so no additional protective shells are required to protect the capacitors from environmental influences, reducing the cost of the wall energy storage system.

[0061] The wall energy storage system provided in this embodiment has the following advantages compared with the existing energy storage system: First, the cement-based structural supercapacitor in the wall energy storage system adopts a solid electrolyte. Compared with the traditional liquid electrolyte, the solid electrolyte has a lower safety risk and is not easy to leak and burn, which greatly improves the safety during use and expands the application range of the supercapacitor. Then, the manufacturing process of the cement-based structural supercapacitor is relatively simple, and its installation and maintenance process has low skill requirements for technicians, has a low cost of use, and is conducive to large-scale promotion and application. At the same time, since the wall energy storage system is combined with building materials, the environmental friendliness of building materials can be improved, building energy storage can be realized, and even zero energy consumption of buildings can be achieved. In the long run, the cost of energy use can be greatly reduced. After that, the cement-based structural supercapacitor is combined with building materials to realize the integration of energy storage and structural functions, reduce the volume and weight of the equipment itself, and improve the utilization efficiency of space and energy, which is very suitable for application in energy-intensive construction industries. Finally, the wall energy storage system of the present invention can reduce dependence on the power grid and provide a new solution for green and environmentally friendly energy storage in households. It can integrate photovoltaic cells to achieve efficient storage of solar energy. Based on its unique structural strength advantage, the energy storage system is perfectly combined with the wall, providing users with important backup high-power power supply without taking up additional space. It has broad application prospects.

[0062] The above serial numbers of this application are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation scenarios. The above disclosure is only a few specific implementation scenarios of this application, but this application is not limited to them, and any changes that can be thought of by technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cement-based supercapacitor, characterized in that: The cement-based structural supercapacitor comprises a capacitor positive electrode, a capacitor negative electrode and a cement-based solid electrolyte; The material of the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode is carbon nanomaterial, and the cement-based solid electrolyte includes cement, conductive additives and transition metal oxides; The cement-based solid electrolyte is arranged between the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode.

2. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon nanomaterial is reduced graphene oxide.

3. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement is at least one of silicate cement, aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement.

4. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive additive is at least one of polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and polyoxide.

5. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition metal oxide is at least one of tin oxide, copper oxide and manganese oxide.

6. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the cement, the conductive additive and the transition metal oxide in the cement-based solid electrolyte is 19:5:

1.

7. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cement-based structure supercapacitor comprises: Mixing the cement, the conductive additive and the transition metal oxide to obtain a mixed raw material; Placing the mixed raw materials in a mold for hardening and forming to obtain the cement-based solid electrolyte; The capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode are inserted into two ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor.

8. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the mixed raw materials, the cement accounts for 76% of the mixed raw materials, the conductive additive accounts for 20% of the mixed raw materials, and the transition metal oxide accounts for 4% of the mixed raw materials.

9. The cement-based structural supercapacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of inserting the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode into two ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor comprises: Inserting the capacitor positive electrode and the capacitor negative electrode into two ends of the cement-based solid electrolyte to obtain a semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor; The semi-cured cement-based structure supercapacitor is placed in an environment of a preset temperature and maintained for a preset time to obtain the cement-based structure supercapacitor.

10. A wall energy storage system, characterized in that: The wall energy storage system comprises a cement-based structural supercapacitor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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