Distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment control, and relates to an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment. According to the method, the dynamic environment parameters and the attitude parameters of the photovoltaic module are subjected to multi-dimensional correlation analysis to obtain the regulation and control requirements of the environment influence and the illumination influence of the photovoltaic module, and then attitude regulation and control are performed, so that the power generation efficiency and the equipment safety are improved, and the adaptability of the photovoltaic module to the environment and the overall power generation efficiency are remarkably improved. Meanwhile, coupling analysis is periodically carried out on the irradiance sampling sequence, the power output curve and the conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module in the monitoring period to obtain an operation coincidence index of each photovoltaic module, optimization regulation and control are carried out on the photovoltaic modules according to the operation coincidence indexes, photovoltaic power generation differences caused by environment differences in adjacent areas are eliminated, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved. The possibility of low-efficiency operation of equipment is reduced, and the overall power generation efficiency balance of the distributed photovoltaic power station is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment control and relates to an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment. Background Art

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic power station equipment refers to various equipment used in distributed photovoltaic power generation systems, which are mainly used to convert solar energy into electrical energy and realize the transmission, distribution and use of electrical energy. In order to adjust the working status of distributed photovoltaic power station equipment in real time and improve power generation efficiency, it is necessary to carry out intelligent control.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN119030452A discloses an environmental monitoring system and method for photovoltaic power stations, which monitors the surrounding environmental data of photovoltaic modules, including the incident angle, wind speed and radiation intensity, determines the optimal illumination angle according to the incident angle and radiation intensity, adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module according to the optimal illumination angle, obtains the backplane temperature of the photovoltaic module in real time; and makes a primary correction to the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module according to the wind speed, and makes a secondary correction to the tilt angle according to the backplane temperature. The present invention provides environmental data to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic module, improves the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and solves the problem of lack of effective devices to monitor and collect data on the environment in which the photovoltaic power generation system is located in the actual work of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117997269A discloses a photovoltaic power station monitoring system, including the monitoring module for monitoring and obtaining data during the operation of photovoltaic components and the environmental data of photovoltaic power stations; the control module is used to control the monitoring module to monitor the operation of photovoltaic components and the environment of photovoltaic power stations, and obtain data during the operation of photovoltaic components and the environmental data of photovoltaic power stations in real time, and the control module also has an alarm function; the cloud platform is preset with thresholds for photovoltaic component operation data and photovoltaic power station environmental data, and the cloud platform is also used to receive data during the operation of photovoltaic components and the environmental data of photovoltaic power stations obtained by the control module. The present invention has a high degree of intelligence, and can realize comprehensive monitoring and regulation of photovoltaic power stations in the background, providing convenience for monitoring and management of large-scale photovoltaic power stations.

[0005] The above existing technologies have the following deficiencies: 1. The existing technologies only adjust the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules according to the light angle, without considering the operational safety of photovoltaic modules under complex environments such as wind speed and wind direction. Furthermore, there is a lack of real-time correlation analysis and precise control methods between multi-dimensional environmental parameters and tilt angles, which further increases the safety risks of photovoltaic modules.

[0006] 2. The existing technology analyzes the operation process data and the PV module operation data threshold, and makes adjustments based on the analysis results. However, since the distribution location of PV modules will be affected by different lighting environments, it is impossible to accurately identify inefficient devices, and thus it is impossible to effectively optimize and adjust inefficient devices, thereby reducing the overall power generation efficiency balance of distributed PV power stations. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment is proposed.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment, which includes: a photovoltaic data acquisition module, which is used to collect dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic component in real time through multi-dimensional sensors, the dynamic environmental parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity and rainwater attachment amount, and the attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle.

[0009] The equipment control demand analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the control requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] The equipment control confirmation module is used to identify the target photovoltaic module according to the control requirements and perform attitude control based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environmental parameters of the target photovoltaic module.

[0011] The equipment operation analysis module is used to couple and analyze the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve and conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module periodically obtained during the monitoring period to obtain the operation compliance index.

[0012] The equipment operation control module is used to generate equipment shutdown maintenance instructions for photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is lower than the set compliance threshold, and to optimize and control photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention uses multi-dimensional sensors to collect and correlate the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of photovoltaic modules in real time, generates control requirements and performs posture control, so that the photovoltaic modules can maintain the best power generation posture while coping with strong winds, achieves a dual improvement in power generation efficiency and equipment safety, and significantly increases the adaptability of photovoltaic modules to the environment and the overall power generation efficiency.

[0014] (2) The present invention can accurately determine whether each photovoltaic module needs to be adjusted in tilt angle, direction angle or rainwater removal through coupling analysis of wind speed, wind direction angle and rainwater attachment amount in dynamic environmental parameters and direction angle and tilt angle in attitude parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying control requirements.

[0015] (3) The present invention compares and analyzes the irradiance sampling sequences, power output curves and conversion efficiencies of the photovoltaic modules in each adjacent area, locates the photovoltaic modules with low compliance index and optimizes and controls them, thereby eliminating the differences in photovoltaic power generation caused by environmental differences in adjacent areas, reducing the possibility of inefficient operation of equipment, and ensuring the overall balance of power generation efficiency of distributed photovoltaic power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of each module of the system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the steps for obtaining the control demand of photovoltaic modules in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the analysis steps of the equipment control confirmation module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system, which includes: a photovoltaic data acquisition module, an equipment control demand analysis module, an equipment control confirmation module, an equipment operation analysis module and an equipment operation control module.

[0022] In the above, the equipment control demand analysis module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic data acquisition module and the equipment control confirmation module, and the equipment operation analysis module is respectively connected to the equipment control confirmation module and the equipment operation control module.

[0023] The photovoltaic data acquisition module is used to collect the dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module in real time through multi-dimensional sensors. The dynamic environmental parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity and rain attachment amount, and the attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle.

[0024] It should be supplemented that the multi-dimensional sensor includes a wind speed and direction sensor, a light sensor, an optical rainfall monitoring sensor, an azimuth sensor and an inclination sensor.

[0025] The wind speed and wind direction angle of each photovoltaic module are monitored by wind speed and direction sensors installed on the photovoltaic modules.

[0026] The light intensity of each photovoltaic module is monitored by a light sensor installed on the photovoltaic module.

[0027] It should be added that the amount of rainwater attached to each photovoltaic module is monitored by an optical rainfall monitoring device installed on the photovoltaic module. When raindrops fall on the surface of the photovoltaic module and pass through the optical path of the optical rainfall monitoring device, the raindrops will scatter and absorb the light. Raindrops of different sizes and numbers have different degrees of scattering and absorption of light. Generally speaking, the larger the raindrops and the more they there are, the more obvious the scattering and absorption of light. Since light is scattered and absorbed when passing through raindrops, the intensity of light reaching the receiving end changes. This change is related to the amount of rainwater attached. By measuring the change in light intensity, the information on the amount of rainwater attached can be indirectly obtained. The photoelectric detection at the receiving end The detector converts the received light signal into an electrical signal. Changes in light intensity will cause corresponding changes in the intensity of the electrical signal. For example, when the light intensity is weakened due to scattering and absorption of rain, the amplitude of the electrical signal output by the photodetector will decrease. The electrical signal output by the photodetector is usually a weak analog signal, which needs to be amplified, filtered, etc. to improve the quality and stability of the signal and remove noise and interference signals. The processed electrical signal is transmitted to the data acquisition system or controller, where analog-to-digital conversion is performed to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. The data processing equipment analyzes and calculates the digital signal according to the pre-set algorithm and calibration parameters, and converts it into the corresponding rainwater attachment amount.

[0028] The orientation angle of each PV module is monitored by an orientation sensor installed on the bracket or frame of the PV module. It is usually in the range of 0 to 360, representing the orientation angle of the PV module. It starts from a specific reference direction (such as due north) and rotates clockwise to determine the angle value, which is used to clarify the orientation of the PV module.

[0029] The tilt angle of each photovoltaic module is monitored by a tilt sensor installed on the back of the photovoltaic module, which is generally between 0 and 90. 0 means that the photovoltaic module is in a horizontal state, and 90 means that the module is in a vertical state.

[0030] The equipment control demand analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the control requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module.

[0031] like Figure 2 For example, the method for obtaining the control requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic components includes: Y1. Obtaining the windward area and wind resistance according to the inclination angle in the attitude parameter of each photovoltaic component, and analyzing the degree of wind load influence in combination with the wind speed in the dynamic environmental parameter.

[0032] It should be noted that the wind load influence degree analysis method is as follows: Y1-1, obtain the standard length and standard width of the photovoltaic module from the photovoltaic module database, substitute it and the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module into the windward area calculation formula to obtain the windward area of ​​each photovoltaic module. The windward area calculation formula is , where is the windward area, and They are the standard length and standard width of photovoltaic modules, is the tilt angle.

[0033] When the photovoltaic module is placed horizontally, , , at this time the windward area Because the wind blows almost parallel to the surface of the module, the pressure on the module is minimal. When the photovoltaic module is placed vertically, , , at this time the windward area , which is equal to the original area of ​​the photovoltaic module. At this time, the wind blowing vertically to the photovoltaic module is the largest.

[0034] Y1-2. Match and compare the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module with the inclination angle range corresponding to each set wind resistance coefficient to obtain the wind resistance coefficient of each photovoltaic module.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the inclination angle ranges corresponding to the reference drag coefficients can be set as follows: when the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is 0°-10°, the drag coefficient is 1; when the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is 10°-30°, the drag coefficient is 1.5; when the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is 30°-90°, the drag coefficient is 1.8.

[0036] Y1-3. Multiply the windward area, wind resistance coefficient and wind speed of each photovoltaic module to obtain the degree of wind load influence. The analytical expression of wind load influence is: , where is the influence degree of wind load, is the air density, is the wind speed, is the drag coefficient.

[0037] Y2. Substitute the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle into the cosine function to obtain the degree of wind direction influence. Since the cosine function can reflect the angle relationship between the wind direction angle and the direction angle, when the wind direction angle is consistent with the direction angle of the photovoltaic module, the difference between the two is , the cosine value is 1, indicating that the impact of wind on photovoltaic modules has reached a certain "benchmark" level. As the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle increases, the cosine value gradually decreases, which means that the degree of impact of wind on photovoltaic modules is changing, and then the impact of different wind directions on photovoltaic modules is quantified, thereby obtaining the wind direction impact coefficient.

[0038] Y3. Compare the rainwater adhesion amount in the dynamic environmental parameters with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold to analyze the degree of rainwater adhesion.

[0039] Furthermore, the rainwater adhesion degree analysis specifically includes: matching and comparing the rainwater adhesion amount of each photovoltaic module with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold; if the rainwater adhesion amount of a photovoltaic module is greater than the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold, 1 is used as the rainwater adhesion degree of the photovoltaic module; otherwise, 0 is used as the rainwater adhesion degree of the photovoltaic module, thereby obtaining the rainwater adhesion degree of each photovoltaic module.

[0040] Y4. Compare the influence degree of wind load, wind direction and rainwater adhesion with the corresponding set influence degrees to determine the environmental impact control needs.

[0041] The environmental impact control demand judgment rule is: the photovoltaic component control demand with a wind load impact degree greater than a set wind load impact degree is regarded as the tilt angle control demand.

[0042] The control demand of photovoltaic components with a wind direction influence degree greater than the set wind direction influence degree is regarded as the direction angle control demand.

[0043] The control demand of photovoltaic components with a rainwater adhesion degree greater than the set rainwater adhesion degree is regarded as the rainwater adhesion treatment control demand.

[0044] Y5. Through the fuzzy logic algorithm, the light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are matched with the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of the corresponding photovoltaic module at the current time point to obtain the light impact control demand.

[0045] The method for analyzing the light impact regulation demand is as follows: the light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are recorded as , and , Number the PV modules. .

[0046] The reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at each time point are extracted from the historical database, and then the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at the current time point are extracted and recorded as , and .

[0047] The light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are analyzed for deviation from the corresponding reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle to obtain the light impact deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module. The light impact deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module is calculated by the expression: Calculate the light effect deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module , , and They are used to set the reference illumination intensity deviation weight, tilt angle deviation weight and direction angle deviation weight respectively. , .

[0048] The photovoltaic component control demand whose light impact deviation coefficient is greater than the set light impact deviation coefficient threshold is regarded as the light impact control demand.

[0049] The present invention can accurately determine whether each photovoltaic module needs to be adjusted in tilt angle, direction angle or rainwater removal through coupling analysis of wind speed, wind direction angle and rainwater attachment amount in dynamic environmental parameters and direction angle and tilt angle in attitude parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying control needs.

[0050] It should be added that the reference light intensity is obtained by collecting historical light intensity monitoring data of the location of the photovoltaic module in a recent period of time (such as a set period of 3 days), and calculating the average light intensity at each time point as the reference light intensity at each time point.

[0051] The reference tilt angle is obtained by collecting historical tilt angle monitoring data of the location of the photovoltaic module in a recent period of time (such as a set period of 3 days), counting the power generation at different tilt angles at each time point, and selecting the tilt angle with the highest power generation at each time point as the reference tilt angle at each time point.

[0052] It should be added that the reference direction angle is obtained by collecting historical solar position monitoring data of the location of the photovoltaic module in a recent period of time (such as setting a period of 3 days), classifying and sorting it by time and calculating statistics, and deeply analyzing its time variation pattern according to seasons and cycles, so as to obtain the reference direction angle at each time point.

[0053] It should be added that the light intensity directly determines how much electricity the photovoltaic module can generate, and is nearly linearly related to the power generation. According to the principle of the photovoltaic effect, the stronger the light intensity, the higher the power generation. When the light intensity deviates, it will directly lead to changes in the power generation. The tilt angle determines the tilt angle and duration of the photovoltaic module receiving solar radiation, which has an important impact on the long-term power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. The appropriate tilt angle can enable the photovoltaic module to obtain more solar radiation for most of the year, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. The direction angle mainly affects the photovoltaic module's reception of sunlight at different times of the day. Compared with the light intensity and tilt angle, its impact on power generation efficiency is relatively small, so setting , in order to facilitate analysis, The specific value can be 0.5. The specific value can be 0.3. The specific value can be 0.2.

[0054] It should be added that the light intensity deviation part: It is used to measure the deviation between the current light intensity and the reference light intensity. For example, when the actual light intensity differs greatly from the reference light intensity, the value of this item will be larger, thereby increasing the light control demand coefficient, indicating that the light-related factors need to be adjusted to optimize the power generation effect. Tilt angle deviation part: It is used to reflect the deviation between the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module and the reference tilt angle. When the actual tilt angle deviates greatly from the reference angle, this item will increase the light control demand coefficient accordingly, and then remind you to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module. Direction angle deviation part: It is used to evaluate the deviation between the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module and the reference azimuth angle. When the azimuth angle deviation is large, it will have a certain impact on the light control demand coefficient, suggesting that the module direction needs to be fine-tuned. By weighted summing these three parts, it is more comprehensive to consider multiple factors related to the lighting of the photovoltaic module and their deviation from the reference value, and then the light control demand coefficient can be calculated more accurately, thus providing a quantitative basis for the light control decision of the photovoltaic power station.

[0055] The equipment control confirmation module is used to identify the target photovoltaic module according to the control requirements and perform attitude control based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environmental parameters of the target photovoltaic module.

[0056] The present invention uses multi-dimensional sensors to collect and correlate the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of photovoltaic modules in real time, generates control requirements and performs posture control, so that the photovoltaic modules can maintain the optimal power generation posture while coping with strong winds, achieves a dual improvement in power generation efficiency and equipment safety, and significantly increases the adaptability of photovoltaic modules to the environment and the overall power generation efficiency.

[0057] like Figure 3 For example, the equipment control confirmation module includes the following contents: screening photovoltaic modules with environmental impact control requirements or light impact control requirements, and recording them as target photovoltaic modules.

[0058] When there is a demand for adjusting the tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly, a first adjusting tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly is determined according to the wind speed and the influence degree of the set wind load.

[0059] When there is a need for directional angle control of the target photovoltaic component, a first control directional angle range of the target photovoltaic component is determined according to the wind direction angle and a set optimal wind direction influence deviation angle.

[0060] The second control tilt angle and the second control direction angle of the target photovoltaic component are determined according to whether there is a light-affected control demand on the target photovoltaic component.

[0061] The final tilt angle is determined based on the first controlled tilt angle and the second controlled tilt angle, and the final direction angle is determined based on the first controlled direction angle range and the second controlled direction angle.

[0062] When the target photovoltaic module has a need for rainwater adhesion treatment and regulation, the final tilt angle of the target photovoltaic module is compared with the set tilt angle for rainwater adhesion treatment, and then the rainwater adhesion treatment and regulation are performed. This can reduce the power generation loss caused by rainwater adhesion accumulation on the photovoltaic module and further increase the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] The first method for determining the tilt angle is as follows: extracting a correlation mapping table of wind speed, tilt angle and wind load influence from a photovoltaic module database, screening the mapping relationship between the tilt angle and the wind load influence under the wind speed of the target photovoltaic module, and screening the first control tilt angle in combination with the set wind load influence. The correlation mapping table of wind speed, tilt angle and wind load influence is constructed through multiple groups of artificial experimental test data. For example, test test data of different tilt angles of photovoltaic modules under different wind speeds are set, the wind load influence of different tilt angles under different wind speeds is analyzed, and the tilt angles whose wind load influence is greater than the set wind load influence are eliminated, and the remaining tilt angles under different wind speeds and the corresponding wind load influence are used to form a correlation mapping table.

[0064] The first control direction angle range is determined by performing addition and subtraction operations on the wind direction angle and the set optimal wind direction influence deviation angle, respectively, to obtain the subtraction result and addition result of the wind direction angle and the set optimal wind direction influence deviation angle, and forming the first control direction angle range according to the subtraction result and the addition result. In a specific embodiment, when the angle between the wind direction and the plane normal direction of the photovoltaic module is within the range of ±15° (that is, the wind direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the plane of the module), the degree of wind direction influence is minimized, so the optimal wind direction influence deviation angle is set to 15°.

[0065] The determining of the second control tilt angle and the second control direction angle of the target photovoltaic component is specifically as follows: if the target photovoltaic component has a light-affected control requirement, the reference tilt angle and the reference direction angle of the target photovoltaic component at the current time point are used as the second control tilt angle and the second control direction angle.

[0066] If the target photovoltaic component does not have any light-affected regulation requirements, the inclination angle and the direction angle in the attitude parameters of the target photovoltaic component are used as the second regulation inclination angle and the second regulation direction angle.

[0067] It should be noted that the final tilt angle is confirmed by comparing the first controlled tilt angle with the second controlled tilt angle, selecting the controlled tilt angle with a smaller angle, and taking it as the final tilt angle.

[0068] The final direction angle is confirmed in the following manner: the first control direction angle range is compared with the second control direction angle. If the second control direction angle is within the first control direction angle range, the second control direction angle is used as the final direction angle. If the second control direction angle is outside the first control direction angle range, the second control direction angle is selected to be close to the maximum value of the first control direction angle range, and the average value of the second control direction angle and its maximum value is used as the final direction angle. In a specific embodiment, if the second control direction angle is 60° and the first control direction angle range is (100°, 130°), the maximum value of the second control direction angle close to the first control direction angle range is 100°, and the average value of 60° and 100° is used as the final direction angle.

[0069] The equipment operation analysis module is used to couple and analyze the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve and conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module periodically obtained during the monitoring period to obtain the operation compliance index.

[0070] It should be added that the irradiance sampling sequence of each photovoltaic module within the monitoring period is constructed by recording data through a radiometer installed on the photovoltaic equipment, the power output curve is measured by a power meter installed on the photovoltaic equipment, and the conversion efficiency is calculated by substituting the irradiance and output power into the efficiency calculation formula: output power / (irradiance×module area).

[0071] The operation compliance index analysis method is: dividing adjacent areas according to the arrangement positions of each photovoltaic module to obtain a set of photovoltaic modules in each adjacent area.

[0072] The irradiance sampling sequences of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area are compared with each other to obtain the irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module is analyzed.

[0073] It should be noted that the irradiance compliance index analysis method of each photovoltaic module is: the irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules is calculated by average calculation and standard deviation calculation to obtain the average irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation of each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules.

[0074] The irradiance mean difference and irradiance standard deviation of each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules are compared with the average irradiance mean difference and average irradiance standard deviation to obtain the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module. , where is the irradiance compliance index, and is the weight coefficient and , is the mean difference in irradiance, is the average irradiance difference, is the standard deviation of irradiance, is the standard deviation of the mean irradiance.

[0075] In one embodiment, the initial value is set , ,This ratio is verified by gradient descent optimization experiments on historical data sets of photovoltaic systems. Emphasize the weight of the mean difference, because the systematic deviation has a more significant impact on power generation efficiency and needs to be identified first. Pay appropriate attention to volatility to capture short-term abnormal events. and In order to normalize the irradiance mean difference and irradiance standard deviation, and then combine them with weighted fusion, the complex irradiance state of the photovoltaic array is converted into a single index. The reciprocal structure ensures that the greater the difference, the irradiance conforms to the index. The smaller.

[0076] The maximum power is extracted from the power output curve of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module set of each adjacent area, the power difference between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules is obtained by difference calculation, and the power compliance index of each photovoltaic module is analyzed.

[0077] The power compliance index analysis method of each photovoltaic module is to calculate the average power difference between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module to obtain the average power difference. When there is a power difference between a photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module, the ratio of the average power difference to the power difference is used as the power compliance index of the photovoltaic module.

[0078] The conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area is analyzed by ratio analysis with its corresponding rated conversion efficiency to obtain the conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

[0079] The irradiance compliance index, power compliance index and conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module are weighted and accumulated to obtain the operation compliance index.

[0080] The equipment operation control module is used to generate equipment shutdown maintenance instructions for photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is lower than the set compliance threshold, and to optimize and control photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold.

[0081] The equipment operation control module includes the following: if there is a photovoltaic component whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold, then the photovoltaic components in the adjacent area corresponding to the photovoltaic component are screened, and the photovoltaic components with the largest operation compliance index are concentrated in the operation compliance index higher than the optimization index threshold, and they are recorded as reference photovoltaic components, and the posture parameters of the reference photovoltaic components are used as the posture parameters that need to be regulated for the photovoltaic component, so as to optimize and regulate the photovoltaic component.

[0082] The present invention compares and analyzes the corresponding irradiance sampling sequences, power output curves and conversion efficiencies of photovoltaic components in adjacent areas, locates photovoltaic components with low operating compliance indexes and performs optimization and regulation, thereby eliminating the differences in photovoltaic power generation caused by environmental differences in adjacent areas, reducing the possibility of inefficient operation of equipment, and ensuring the overall balance of power generation efficiency of distributed photovoltaic power stations.

[0083] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment, characterized in that: The system includes: Photovoltaic data acquisition module, used to collect dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module in real time through multi-dimensional sensors. Dynamic environmental parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity and rainwater attachment amount, and attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle; The equipment control demand analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the control demand of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module; The equipment control confirmation module is used to identify the target PV module according to the control requirements and perform attitude control based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environmental parameters of the target PV module; The equipment operation analysis module is used to couple and analyze the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve and conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules in each adjacent area during the monitoring period to obtain the operation compliance index; The equipment operation control module is used to generate equipment shutdown maintenance instructions for photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is lower than the set compliance threshold, and to optimize and control photovoltaic components whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold.

2. According to claim 1, a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system is characterized by: The method for obtaining the regulation requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module includes: The windward area and wind resistance are obtained according to the tilt angle in the attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module, and the influence of wind load is analyzed in combination with the wind speed in the dynamic environmental parameters; Substitute the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle into the cosine function to obtain the degree of influence of wind direction; Compare the rainwater adhesion amount in the dynamic environmental parameters with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold to analyze the degree of rainwater adhesion; Compare the influence degree of wind load, wind direction and rainwater adhesion with the corresponding set influence degree to determine the environmental impact control needs; Through the fuzzy logic algorithm, the light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are matched with the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of the corresponding photovoltaic module at the current time point to obtain the light impact control demand.

3. According to claim 2, a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system is characterized by: The wind load influence degree analysis method is as follows: Obtain the standard length and standard width of the photovoltaic modules, substitute the standard length and standard width and the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module into the windward area calculation formula to obtain the windward area of ​​each photovoltaic module; The inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is matched and compared with the inclination angle interval corresponding to each set wind resistance coefficient to obtain the wind resistance coefficient of each photovoltaic module; The windward area, drag coefficient and wind speed of each photovoltaic module are multiplied to obtain the degree of wind load influence.

4. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The rules for determining the demand for environmental impact regulation are as follows: The photovoltaic module control demand with a wind load impact degree greater than the set wind load impact degree is regarded as the tilt angle control demand; The control demand of photovoltaic modules with a wind direction influence degree greater than the set wind direction influence degree is regarded as the direction angle control demand; The control demand of photovoltaic components with a rainwater adhesion degree greater than the set rainwater adhesion degree is regarded as the rainwater adhesion treatment control demand.

5. A distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for analyzing the lighting impact regulation demand is as follows: Extracting the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at each time point from the historical database, and then extracting the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at the current time point; The light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are analyzed for deviations from their corresponding reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle to obtain the light influence deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module; The photovoltaic component control demand whose light impact deviation coefficient is greater than the set light impact deviation coefficient threshold is regarded as the light impact control demand.

6. A distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The equipment control confirmation module includes the following contents: Screen photovoltaic modules that have environmental impact regulation requirements or light impact regulation requirements and record them as target photovoltaic modules; When there is a need to adjust the tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly, a first adjustment tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly is determined according to the wind speed and the influence degree of the set wind load; When there is a need for directional angle control of the target photovoltaic component, a first control directional angle range of the target photovoltaic component is determined according to the wind direction angle and the set optimal wind direction influence deviation angle; Determining a second control tilt angle and a second control direction angle of the target photovoltaic component according to whether the target photovoltaic component has a light-affected control demand; Determine a final tilt angle according to the first controlled tilt angle and the second controlled tilt angle, and determine a final direction angle according to the first controlled direction angle range and the second controlled direction angle; When there is a need for rainwater attachment treatment and regulation of the target photovoltaic module, the final inclination angle of the target photovoltaic module is compared with the set inclination angle for rainwater attachment treatment, and then the rainwater attachment treatment and regulation are performed.

7. A distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determination of the second regulating tilt angle and the second regulating direction angle of the target photovoltaic assembly is specifically as follows: If the target photovoltaic component has a light-affected regulation demand, the reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of the target photovoltaic component at the current time point are used as the second regulation tilt angle and the second regulation direction angle; If the target photovoltaic component does not have any light-affected regulation requirements, the tilt angle and direction angle in the attitude parameters of the target photovoltaic component are used as the second regulation tilt angle and the second regulation direction angle.

8. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation compliance index analysis method is as follows: Dividing adjacent areas according to the arrangement positions of the photovoltaic modules to obtain photovoltaic module sets in each adjacent area; The irradiance sampling sequences of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area are compared with each other to obtain the irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module is analyzed; Extract the maximum power from the power output curve of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module set of each adjacent area, calculate the power difference between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module through difference calculation, and analyze the power compliance index of each photovoltaic module; The conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area is analyzed by ratio with its corresponding rated conversion efficiency to obtain the conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module; The irradiance compliance index, power compliance index and conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module are weighted and accumulated to obtain the operation compliance index.

9. A distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The irradiance compliance index analysis method of each photovoltaic module is as follows: The irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules is calculated by average calculation and standard deviation calculation to obtain the average irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules; The irradiance mean difference and irradiance standard deviation of each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules are respectively compared with the average irradiance mean difference and average irradiance standard deviation to obtain the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

10. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The equipment operation control module includes the following: If there is a PV module whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold, the PV modules in the adjacent area corresponding to the PV module whose concentrated operation compliance index is higher than the optimization index threshold and whose operation compliance index is the largest are selected and recorded as reference PV modules. The attitude parameters of the reference PV modules are used as the attitude parameters that need to be adjusted for the PV module, and the PV module is then optimized and adjusted.

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