Concrete on-site pouring process for building construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete pouring, and discloses a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, by introducing an intelligent temperature and humidity adjusting system and a water film curing technology, the environmental conditions can be accurately regulated and controlled in the concrete pouring process, and the temperature and humidity of the surface and the interior of concrete can be monitored and dynamically adjusted in real time; therefore, the hardening in the optimal environment is ensured. According to the technology, the cement hydration reaction of the concrete is optimized, temperature difference cracks are reduced, the compressive strength, the crack resistance and the impermeability of the concrete are remarkably improved, and the long-term durability of the concrete is ensured. Compared with a traditional curing method, the intelligent control system replaces manual intervention, the problems of uneven strength and cracks caused by inaccurate temperature and humidity control are solved, and the common defects of uneven cement hydration, poor concrete strength and durability and the like in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete pouring, in particular to a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, concrete, as one of the main structural materials, is widely used in various types of construction. The quality and performance of concrete directly affect the safety, stability and durability of buildings. With the continuous expansion of the scale of projects, especially the construction of large-volume concrete structures such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and tunnels, how to improve the strength, crack resistance and durability of concrete has become a core issue in the construction field. In order to ensure the performance of concrete, key factors such as temperature and humidity need to be accurately controlled during the construction process to avoid adverse effects of changes in the construction environment on the quality of concrete.

[0003] At present, many construction processes use traditional concrete mix and maintenance methods, but in the construction of large-volume concrete, these traditional methods are difficult to fully meet the requirements of high strength, low cracks, and long durability. Most existing technologies rely on manual monitoring and adjustment of temperature and humidity, lacking intelligent and precise control methods. Moreover, traditional maintenance methods, such as covering with wet cloths and manual water spraying, often cannot achieve uniform control of temperature and humidity on the surface and inside of concrete, and are prone to cracks, uneven strength, and other problems. These deficiencies directly affect the quality of concrete, especially in high or low temperature environments, where temperature differences can lead to incomplete cement hydration, thereby reducing the overall performance of concrete.

[0004] A major problem with existing technologies is the lack of an intelligent temperature and humidity control system. Traditional temperature and humidity control methods mostly rely on manual operation and fail to combine automatic monitoring and adjustment, which may lead to uneven distribution of temperature and humidity in the concrete during the hardening process, thereby causing cracks and strength loss. With the development of construction technology, how to improve the quality of concrete through precise temperature and humidity control systems and solve the problems of temperature difference cracks and uneven strength in traditional technologies has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which solves the problems of cracks and uneven strength caused by inaccurate temperature and humidity control in traditional concrete construction by introducing an intelligent temperature and humidity adjustment system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: prepare high performance concrete according to the following formula; 300-400 parts by mass of cement, 120-180 parts by mass of water, 700-800 parts by mass of sand, 1000-1200 parts by mass of coarse aggregate, 15%-30% by mass of fly ash based on the mass of cement, 5%-20% by mass of mineral powder based on the mass of cement, 3%-5% by mass of silica fume based on the mass of cement, 0.5%-1% by mass of water reducing agent based on the mass of cement, 2%-5% by mass of expansion agent based on the mass of cement, and 0.1%-0.5% by volume of fiber reinforcement material; Step 2: Before pouring concrete, monitor the temperature, humidity and stress distribution of the construction site in real time through the sensor network; Step 3: According to the monitoring data, the temperature control equipment and humidity control equipment are adjusted through the central control system to ensure that the temperature and humidity on the surface and inside of the concrete are within the predetermined range; Step 4: After pouring the concrete, use the water film curing system and the spray curing system for continuous curing; Step 5: Adjust the steam temperature and humidity through temperature control equipment, and optimize the curing process by combining heat recovery technology.

[0007] Preferably, the cement is one of ordinary Portland cement, slag cement or low heat cement.

[0008] Preferably, the fiber reinforcement material is one of polypropylene fiber, steel fiber or glass fiber.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor network includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a stress sensor and a vibration sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature control device includes a heating device and a cooling device to adjust the temperature of the concrete surface.

[0011] Preferably, the water film maintenance system forms a water film through a nano coating to delay water evaporation.

[0012] Preferably, the expansion agent is expansion cement or an organic expansion agent.

[0013] Preferably, the steam temperature of the steam curing system is 40-60°C.

[0014] The present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention combines the intelligent temperature and humidity control system with the water film curing technology to achieve the technical effect of accurately controlling the concrete curing environment. Compared with the prior art that relies on external environmental factors and manual curing methods, the present invention solves the problem of inaccurate temperature and humidity control in traditional technology, which easily leads to cracking of the concrete surface.

[0015] 2. The present invention introduces the use of mineral admixtures and fiber reinforcement materials to improve the crack resistance and durability of concrete. Compared with the conventional formula of ordinary cement used in the prior art, the present invention solves the problem of uneven cement hydration and poor long-term performance of concrete by optimizing the formula.

[0016] 3. The present invention uses real-time sensor monitoring and central control system to achieve the goal of dynamically adjusting temperature and humidity during the curing process and optimize the cement hydration process. Different from the static control in the prior art, the present invention solves the problem of concrete strength difference caused by unstable curing environment in traditional technology through refined management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, comprising: The concrete formula used in this process is optimized for the needs of pouring on the construction site. The formula includes common cement, sand, coarse aggregate, fly ash, mineral powder, silica fume and other mineral admixtures, as well as appropriate admixtures (such as water reducer, expansion agent) and fiber reinforcement materials. The specific formula is as follows: Cement: 300-400 parts by mass, as the binder of concrete, providing basic strength.

[0020] Water: 120-180 parts by mass, reacts with cement to form hydration products, thus improving strength.

[0021] Sand: 700-800 parts by mass, acts as a filler and provides fluidity to the concrete.

[0022] Coarse aggregate: 1000-1200 parts by mass, acts as a skeleton and provides structural strength for concrete.

[0023] Fly ash: 15%-30% (mass fraction of cement mass), as a mineral admixture, improves the workability of concrete and reduces hydration heat.

[0024] Mineral powder: 5%-20% (mass fraction of cement mass), improves the long-term strength of concrete.

[0025] Silica fume: 3%-5% (mass fraction of cement), significantly improves the density, impermeability and crack resistance of concrete.

[0026] Water reducing agent: 0.5%-1% (mass fraction of cement mass), enhances the fluidity of concrete, reduces the water-cement ratio and improves strength.

[0027] Expansive agent: 2%-5% (mass fraction of cement mass), reduces the volume shrinkage of cement after hydration and inhibits the occurrence of cracks.

[0028] Fiber reinforcement: 0.1%-0.5% (volume percentage), increases the crack resistance and impact resistance of concrete, and improves tensile properties.

[0029] Cement hydration reaction is the main source of concrete strength. Cement and water generate calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and hydrated silicate during the hydration process. The latter further crystallizes to form CSH gel, which is the main contributor to concrete strength and durability.

[0030] Fly ash and mineral powder as mineral admixtures can fill the pores in concrete, improve the density of concrete, reduce the heat of hydration, reduce the generation of micro cracks, and further enhance the long-term strength and durability of concrete. The role of silica fume is to improve the impermeability and crack resistance of concrete.

[0031] Through the use of water reducing agent, the water-cement ratio can be reduced and the strength of concrete can be improved while maintaining good workability.

[0032] During the cement hydration process, the expansive agent reacts with the aluminate in the cement to generate expansive hydration products, thereby offsetting the volume shrinkage that may occur during the hardening of the concrete and reducing the formation of cracks.

[0033] Fiber materials can be dispersed inside the concrete, improving the concrete's resistance to cracking, enhancing its toughness and impact resistance, and especially have a good repairing effect on micro cracks that appear during the construction process.

[0034] During the pouring of concrete, a sensor network is used to monitor the temperature, humidity and stress distribution in the concrete in real time. By setting up appropriate sensors (such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, stress sensors, etc.), the construction environment and changes inside the concrete can be monitored in real time, thus providing data support for temperature control and humidity regulation.

[0035] After concrete is poured, the cement hydration reaction releases heat (heat of hydration), causing the temperature inside the concrete to rise, especially when pouring in large volumes. Large temperature differences may cause cracks. By monitoring temperature changes in real time, different maintenance measures, such as heating or cooling, can be taken according to different temperature ranges to ensure uniform temperature changes.

[0036] The evaporation of water on the concrete surface is an important factor affecting its strength and durability. If the surface water evaporates too quickly, it may cause surface cracking. Therefore, through humidity sensor monitoring, the humidity can be effectively controlled to avoid excessive loss of water, ensuring that the concrete surface continues to maintain a certain humidity, which is conducive to the full progress of cement hydration reaction.

[0037] Based on the sensor data, the central control system will intelligently adjust the temperature control equipment (such as heating devices, cooling devices) and humidity control equipment to ensure that the temperature and humidity on the surface and inside of the concrete are within the predetermined range. In addition, the concrete surface is continuously moisturized through the water film curing system and the spray curing system.

[0038] Temperature control equipment controls the surface temperature of concrete by adjusting external heating or cooling devices. Temperature changes affect the rate of cement hydration reaction, so maintaining temperature stability is essential to ensure the strength development of concrete. Heating equipment can be used for concrete construction in low temperature environments, while cooling equipment can be used to prevent the hydration heat caused by high temperature from being released too quickly.

[0039] Humidity has an important impact on the cement hydration process. If the water evaporates too quickly, the hydration reaction cannot continue and the strength of the concrete will be affected. The water film curing system can form a thin film on the concrete surface to reduce the evaporation of water. Spray curing maintains the appropriate humidity on the concrete surface by continuously spraying fine mist to ensure the smooth progress of the cement hydration process.

[0040] During the concrete hardening process, a steam curing system is used to accelerate the early strength development of concrete by adjusting the steam temperature and humidity. At the same time, heat recovery technology is used to recover the waste heat generated during the concrete hydration process for subsequent curing.

[0041] Steam curing can effectively accelerate cement hydration reaction and promote early strength growth of concrete by providing a hot and humid environment. Temperature and humidity control directly affect the hydration rate of cement. By accurately adjusting the temperature of steam (40-60°C), the hydration reaction can be promoted to the maximum extent while avoiding excessive hydration caused by excessive temperature, thereby ensuring the quality of concrete.

[0042] If the heat generated during the cement hydration reaction is not effectively managed, it may lead to uneven temperature, thus causing cracks. Through heat recovery technology, waste heat is used to maintain temperature stability, reduce external energy consumption, improve maintenance efficiency, and reduce structural damage caused by temperature differences.

[0043] Through the precise control of the above links, the temperature, humidity and strength development of concrete are effectively guaranteed. Through sensors, the curing parameters are continuously monitored and adjusted to achieve the long-term stability of concrete.

[0044] Temperature and humidity control can ensure the full progress of cement hydration reaction and avoid the decrease of strength caused by incomplete cement hydration. Reasonable temperature and humidity conditions can also promote the improvement of concrete microstructure and improve its impermeability, crack resistance and freeze-thaw resistance.

[0045] By precisely controlling the temperature and humidity, we can avoid the internal stress concentration caused by excessive temperature difference and reduce the occurrence of cracks. The use of fiber-reinforced materials also plays an important role in controlling cracks. They can effectively disperse stress and inhibit the development of cracks.

[0046] Embodiment 1: The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which is used for high-performance concrete pouring in residential building construction, and includes the following steps: First prepare the required raw materials, including 300 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 750 parts of sand, and 1,100 parts of coarse aggregate.

[0047] Use 120 parts of water, add 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of mineral powder and 4 parts of silica fume to prepare the concrete base slurry.

[0048] Add 1% water reducing agent to ensure the fluidity of concrete.

[0049] Polypropylene fiber reinforcement is added at a volume ratio of 0.3% to improve the crack resistance of concrete.

[0050] After mixing is completed, the temperature and humidity changes at the pouring site are monitored through a sensor network.

[0051] The central control system adjusts the temperature control equipment according to the sensor data to keep the temperature of the concrete surface at around 25°C.

[0052] After pouring is completed, start the water film curing system immediately to form a uniform water film and keep it moist.

[0053] Start spray maintenance every two hours to ensure that the surface humidity is not less than 70%.

[0054] Within 24 hours, the ambient temperature of concrete hardening is adjusted through temperature control equipment and steam curing system to avoid excessive temperature differences.

[0055] This embodiment successfully avoids the crack problem under high temperature through intelligent monitoring and temperature and humidity adjustment, ensures uniform hardening of concrete after pouring, especially in hot summer, reduces water evaporation and ensures uniform strength growth.

[0056] Embodiment 2: The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which is used for on-site pouring of high-performance concrete for bridge construction, and includes the following steps: The ingredients are mixed in the proportion of 350 parts of low heat cement, 700 parts of sand, 1200 parts of coarse aggregate and 100 parts of water.

[0057] Adding 25% fly ash (relative to the mass fraction of cement) increases the long-term strength of concrete.

[0058] Add 5% silica fume to improve impermeability and crack resistance.

[0059] Use 0.8% water reducing agent to improve the fluidity of concrete and facilitate pouring.

[0060] Steel fiber reinforcement is added at a volume ratio of 0.4% to improve the tensile strength and crack resistance of concrete.

[0061] After the ingredients are mixed, the concrete is mixed to ensure even distribution.

[0062] At the pouring site, temperature and humidity are monitored through multi-point sensors to adjust environmental parameters in real time.

[0063] The maintenance equipment is controlled by a central control system to ensure that the internal and surface temperatures of the concrete are within 28°C to avoid cracks caused by excessive temperature differences.

[0064] After pouring, a water film curing system is used to cover the surface, and a steam curing system is used to ensure that the temperature and humidity remain appropriate.

[0065] This embodiment is suitable for large-volume concrete construction, especially when the temperature is low. Low-heat cement and multi-point temperature and humidity control are used to avoid temperature difference cracks caused by cement hydration heat, thereby improving the early strength and crack resistance of concrete.

[0066] Embodiment 3: The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which is used for high-performance concrete for high-rise building construction, comprising the following steps: When preparing concrete, choose 350 parts of cement, 720 parts of sand, 1050 parts of coarse aggregate and 140 parts of water.

[0067] Add 15% of mineral powder to slow down the hydration reaction of concrete and control heat release.

[0068] Adding 5% silica fume can enhance the concrete's impermeability and durability.

[0069] A 1% water reducing agent is used to improve the fluidity of the concrete and ensure that segregation does not occur during the pouring process.

[0070] 0.3% of polypropylene fibers are added to prevent micro cracks in the concrete, especially during construction.

[0071] After the concrete mixing is completed, the temperature and humidity sensor monitoring system is started to record and feedback the temperature and humidity data.

[0072] Based on real-time data, the central control system will adjust the heating device at the pouring site to keep the surface temperature of the concrete at around 26°C to avoid slow hydration reaction caused by low temperature.

[0073] After pouring, start the spray curing system and use the water film system to delay water evaporation to ensure that the cement is fully hydrated.

[0074] During the entire curing process, a heat recovery device is used to recover the heat released during the concrete hydration process to continue to maintain the curing temperature.

[0075] This embodiment makes concrete have higher crack resistance by rationally configuring fiber and mineral admixtures, and successfully avoids temperature difference cracks caused by high and low temperatures, especially in high-rise building construction. In addition, the temperature control system and heat recovery greatly reduce energy consumption, meeting energy-saving requirements.

[0076] Embodiment 4: The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which is used for pouring high-performance concrete for subway construction, and includes the following steps: The concrete formula is 300 parts cement, 740 parts sand, 1160 parts coarse aggregate, and 110 parts water.

[0077] On this basis, 18% fly ash is added to improve workability, and 20% mineral powder is added to enhance corrosion resistance.

[0078] The anti-permeability of concrete is improved by adding 3% silica fume.

[0079] Add 0.6% water reducing agent to ensure the fluidity and high density of concrete.

[0080] 0.2% glass fiber reinforcement is used to enhance the crack resistance and impact resistance of concrete.

[0081] After preparation is completed, the temperature and humidity are monitored by sensors, and the central control system will adjust the ambient temperature and humidity based on sensor feedback.

[0082] The temperature is maintained at 27°C, and the temperature and humidity in the environment are adjusted through a combination of temperature control equipment and steam curing.

[0083] The concrete surface is covered with a water film for maintenance, and a spray curing system is used regularly to maintain appropriate humidity.

[0084] During the steam curing process, heat recovery technology is used to recover the waste heat generated by concrete hydration and improve curing efficiency.

[0085] The high density and corrosion resistance requirements in subway construction are well met. Through the intelligent temperature and humidity control system, the surface and internal temperature of the concrete are strictly controlled to avoid cracks caused by ambient temperature differences. At the same time, the use of fiber reinforcement and admixtures enhances the crack resistance and durability of concrete.

[0086] Embodiment 5: The embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, which is used for high-performance concrete for tunnel construction, and includes the following steps: The concrete formula uses 340 parts of cement, 710 parts of sand, 1180 parts of coarse aggregate and 100 parts of water.

[0087] Adding 20% ​​fly ash and 5% silica fume can enhance the workability and anti-permeability of concrete.

[0088] Use 0.7% water reducing agent to reduce the water-cement ratio and ensure the fluidity of concrete.

[0089] In order to improve the crack resistance of concrete, 0.4% steel fiber is added.

[0090] During the mixing process, 2% of the expansion agent is added to offset the volume shrinkage of the cement during hydration.

[0091] After preparation, the temperature, humidity and stress status are monitored in real time through a sensor network to ensure optimal curing conditions.

[0092] The central control system automatically adjusts the temperature control equipment and humidity equipment according to the data to keep the temperature of the concrete within 30°C and avoid excessive temperature differences.

[0093] After the concrete pouring is completed, start the water film curing and spray system for humidity control.

[0094] A heat recovery device is used to recover the waste heat generated by hydration to further improve maintenance efficiency.

[0095] This embodiment is suitable for confined spaces such as tunnel construction, where concrete is effectively cured in a constant temperature and humid environment, avoiding cracks caused by external temperature differences. The addition of expansion agents and steel fibers makes the concrete more crack-resistant and stable.

[0096] Comparative Example 1: High-performance concrete pouring process for residential building construction Prior art method steps: Prepare the ingredients including cement, sand, coarse aggregate and water and mix them as per conventional proportions.

[0097] Cement: 300 parts by mass Sand: 750 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1100 parts by mass Water: 120 parts by mass After mixing the materials, stir directly to ensure even distribution.

[0098] The concrete is poured into the formwork and vibrated manually.

[0099] After pouring, carry out maintenance directly. Cover with wet cloth and spray water manually to keep the surface moist.

[0100] During the maintenance process, no intelligent temperature and humidity control system was used, and the control effect was not accurate as it only relied on environmental humidity adjustment.

[0101] Comparative Example 2: Concrete pouring process for bridge construction Prior art method steps: Raw materials for preparing concrete: Cement: 350 parts by mass Sand: 700 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1200 parts by mass Water: 150 parts by mass Fly ash: 15% (relative to the mass of cement) Silica fume: 3% (relative to the mass of cement) Use a conventional blender to blend to ensure uniformity of ingredients.

[0102] Concrete is poured into the formwork, using manual or mechanical vibration to ensure the compactness of the concrete.

[0103] After pouring, a simple steam curing method was used, but the steam temperature was not adjusted according to the actual ambient temperature.

[0104] During the maintenance process, the ambient temperature and humidity are not accurately monitored and dynamically adjusted, and the maintenance effect is greatly affected by environmental conditions.

[0105] Comparative Example 3: Concrete pouring process for high-rise building construction Prior art method steps: Raw materials for preparing concrete: Cement: 330 parts by mass Sand: 750 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1150 parts by mass Water: 130 parts by mass Silica fume: 3% (relative to the mass of cement) Fly ash: 0% After mixing, pour the concrete directly into the formwork and vibrate it.

[0106] After pouring, no intelligent temperature and humidity monitoring system was set up, and maintenance only relied on manual wet cloth covering and water spraying.

[0107] During the maintenance process, temperature control uses simple external heating or cooling equipment, but does not take into account the temperature difference between inside and outside.

[0108] Concrete curing has no real-time adjustment system and is easily affected by external climate changes, and the curing effect is unstable.

[0109] Comparative Example 4: High-performance concrete pouring process for subway construction Prior art method steps: Raw materials for preparing concrete: Cement: 320 parts by mass Sand: 710 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1180 parts by mass Water: 130 parts by mass Fly ash: 20% (relative to the mass of cement) Silica fume: 3% Mixing is done using a conventional concrete mixer to ensure uniform mixing of the ingredients.

[0110] After the concrete is poured, it is covered with wet cloth and manually sprayed with water for maintenance.

[0111] During the maintenance process, no temperature and humidity sensors or intelligent adjustment systems are used, and the temperature and humidity only depend on environmental conditions.

[0112] For large-volume concrete, the maintenance method is relatively extensive and does not take into account the dynamic changes in the surrounding environment.

[0113] Comparative Example 5: High-Performance Concrete Technology for Tunnel Construction Prior art method steps: Raw materials for preparing concrete: Cement: 310 parts by mass Sand: 740 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1160 parts by mass Water: 140 parts by mass Fly ash: 18% (relative to the mass of cement) Silica fume: 3% After the raw materials are mixed evenly, concrete pouring is carried out.

[0114] After pouring, the temperature and humidity are manually controlled and simple wet cloth covering and maintenance are carried out.

[0115] No intelligent temperature and humidity monitoring and adjustment system was used during the maintenance process, which only relied on external climate conditions.

[0116] Without special temperature and humidity control for large-volume concrete, the curing effect is easily affected by climate change, which may lead to cracks.

[0117] Experimental Example 1: Experimental procedures Ingredient preparation: The required concrete formulas were prepared for the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group formula was in accordance with the high-performance concrete mix ratio designed by the present invention (reference example 1), including mineral admixtures and fiber reinforcements. The control group used the traditional ordinary cement and aggregate mix ratio, and the formula did not include any mineral admixtures or fiber reinforcements.

[0118] Mixing and stirring: In a concrete mixer, add both groups of raw materials separately and stir for 4 minutes to ensure that all ingredients are evenly mixed.

[0119] Pouring and vibrating: The mixed concrete is poured into standard moulds. Vibration is performed using a vibrator to ensure that the concrete is dense and voids are avoided.

[0120] Curing conditions: The experimental group used an intelligent temperature and humidity control system for precise control, ensuring that the surface temperature of the concrete was maintained at 25°C and the humidity was controlled at 75%. The control group used conventional wet cloth covering and manual water spraying, without intelligent temperature and humidity control, relying on environmental conditions.

[0121] Curing time: After the concrete is poured, both the experimental group and the control group are cured under the same environmental conditions for 28 days. During this period, the temperature and humidity are regularly tested and the data are recorded.

[0122] Testing: At the end of the curing period, the concrete is tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, crack resistance (through tension and flexure tests), and durability (impermeability). In addition, the concrete surface is visually inspected for cracks, and the length and number of each set of cracks are recorded.

[0123] Table 1 Experimental data comparing high performance concrete formula with traditional formula The strength and durability of concrete depend largely on the adequacy of the cement hydration process. In this experiment, a higher proportion of fly ash, mineral powder and silica fume was used. These mineral admixtures have a close relationship with the cement hydration reaction. The concrete formula of the experimental group avoided the stress concentration caused by high temperature by reducing the release of hydration heat. In contrast, the control group did not use these admixtures, so the hydration reaction was more intense, and the cement hydration heat was released more, resulting in a large temperature difference, which in turn caused cracks. Combined with the experimental data, the compressive strength and crack resistance of the experimental group were better than those of the control group, indicating that the admixture played a key role in controlling the temperature stability during the cement hydration reaction.

[0124] In addition, the complete disappearance of cracks on the surface of concrete in the experimental group further verifies the important role of fiber-reinforced materials in enhancing the crack resistance of concrete. Fibers can effectively disperse stress and inhibit the formation of microcracks, especially when the temperature and humidity are uneven. The fiber reinforcement makes the concrete have better toughness. Relatively speaking, the crack problem in the control group is obviously more serious and the crack resistance is poor due to the lack of fiber support. This difference fully illustrates the advantages of the materials and formulas in the present invention.

[0125] From the perspective of durability, the permeability of the experimental group is much better than that of the control group, which can be attributed to the addition of silica fume and mineral powder. They not only fill the pores generated during cement hydration, but also react with cement hydration products to generate more dense materials. The control group lacks these admixtures, resulting in more pores after cement hydration and poor permeability resistance of concrete.

[0126] Experiment 2: Temperature and humidity control comparison experiment Experimental procedures Ingredients preparation: The experimental group and the control group used the same concrete formula and prepared the raw materials according to the following proportions: Cement: 350 parts by mass Sand: 750 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1200 parts by mass Water: 150 parts by mass Fly ash: 20% (mass fraction of cement mass) Silica fume: 5% (mass fraction of cement mass) Water reducing agent: 0.8% (mass fraction of cement mass) Fiber reinforcement: 0.2% (volume percentage) Mixing and stirring: Use a mixer to add all the raw materials into the mixer and mix well. The mixing time is 5 minutes to ensure that the concrete is fully uniform.

[0127] Pouring and vibrating: Pour the mixed concrete into a standard mold and vibrate it with a vibrator to ensure that the concrete is dense and eliminate air bubbles.

[0128] Maintenance conditions: Experimental group: The intelligent temperature and humidity control system of the present invention was used, temperature and humidity sensors were installed, and the temperature and humidity were accurately adjusted through the central control system to ensure that the surface temperature of the concrete was maintained at 25°C and the humidity was controlled at 75%.

[0129] Control group: using traditional maintenance methods, covering with wet cloth, artificial water spraying, temperature and humidity determined by environmental conditions, and no temperature and humidity adjustment system was used.

[0130] Curing time: Both groups of concrete were cured for 28 days. During the curing period, the temperature, humidity and surface crack changes of the concrete were regularly monitored.

[0131] Testing: After curing, the concrete is tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, crack resistance (measured by the number and length of surface cracks) and durability (impermeability).

[0132] Table 2 Temperature and humidity control comparison experimental data The cement hydration process is the key to the formation of concrete strength, and the control of temperature and humidity is crucial to the rate, uniformity and strength development of cement hydration. The experimental group ensured that the cement hydration reaction was carried out within the ideal temperature and humidity range through an intelligent temperature and humidity control system. In contrast, the control group only relied on the external environment, and the temperature and humidity fluctuated greatly, resulting in uneven hydration inside the concrete and an increase in cracks. The data showed that the compressive strength and crack resistance of the concrete in the experimental group were much higher than those in the control group, further verifying the huge role of precise temperature and humidity control in concrete construction.

[0133] Temperature fluctuations are often accompanied by the release of hydration heat, especially in high temperature environments, which accelerates the hydration rate of cement, but too high a temperature may cause cracks. The intelligent temperature and humidity control of the experimental group avoided this problem, allowing the hydration heat inside the concrete to be reasonably dissipated. At the same time, the stability of temperature and humidity allowed the cement hydration process to be fully and evenly carried out. Therefore, the experimental group not only had higher strength, but also significantly improved crack resistance and durability, indicating that precise environmental control significantly improved the performance of concrete.

[0134] In addition, the experimental results also show that the intelligent temperature and humidity control system significantly improves the impermeability of concrete. By maintaining the continuity of the cement hydration reaction within a reasonable humidity range, the experimental group was able to generate more hydration products to fill the pores in the cement matrix, greatly improving the density of the concrete. In contrast, the control group, which lacked precise control, had poor impermeability due to the excessive evaporation of water, which inhibited the cement hydration reaction.

[0135] Experiment 3: Comparative experiment between temperature control system and steam curing Experimental procedures Concrete batch preparation: Prepare two sets of concrete ingredients using the following recipes: Cement: 350 parts by mass Sand: 750 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1200 parts by mass Water: 150 parts by mass Fly ash: 20% (mass fraction of cement mass) Silica fume: 3% (mass fraction of cement mass) Water reducing agent: 1% (mass fraction of cement mass) Fiber reinforcement: 0.3% (volume percentage) Mixing and stirring: All ingredients are mixed evenly in a blender. The mixing time is set to 5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing and avoid any stratification of ingredients.

[0136] Pouring and vibrating: Pour the mixed concrete into a standard mold and vibrate it using a vibrator to ensure there are no bubbles and to make the concrete dense.

[0137] Temperature and humidity control: Experimental group: After pouring, the intelligent temperature and humidity control system was immediately started, and the temperature control equipment was used to maintain the concrete surface temperature at 28°C and the humidity at 75%. At the same time, the humidity was adjusted through the steam curing system.

[0138] Control group: The control group only used traditional steam curing, the steam temperature was set at 50°C, the humidity was automatically adjusted by steam, and the curing time lasted for 24 hours. No real-time monitoring and adjustment of temperature and humidity was performed.

[0139] Curing time and environmental control: Both groups of concrete were cured within 28 days. The experimental group continued to use the temperature and humidity control system to ensure environmental stability and regularly tested the temperature and humidity. The control group relied on the natural regulation of the steam system without real-time monitoring.

[0140] Testing: After the 28-day curing period, the concrete was tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, crack resistance (by observing the number and length of cracks), and impermeability.

[0141] Table 3 Comparative experimental data of temperature control and steam curing A large amount of hydration heat is released during cement hydration. If the temperature is not controlled during large-volume concrete construction, it will lead to uneven cement hydration rates, which will lead to temperature difference cracks. The experimental group used an intelligent temperature and humidity control system, which not only adjusted the temperature on the surface and inside of the concrete, but also maintained the stability of the humidity, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the cement hydration reaction. The stability of temperature and humidity is crucial to the crack resistance of concrete, especially in the initial stage of maintenance. Precise control can significantly reduce crack problems caused by temperature gradients.

[0142] Through data comparison, the experimental group has significantly improved in compressive strength and crack resistance. The experimental group has better impermeability than the control group, which can be attributed to the more uniform cement hydration reaction and denser concrete structure. Steam curing, without intelligent regulation, failed to maintain the optimal state of temperature and humidity, resulting in unevenness in the cement hydration process, affecting the strength and durability of the concrete. The experimental group used an intelligent adjustment system to make cement hydration more complete and the impermeability performance was also enhanced.

[0143] Mechanistically, reasonable control of temperature and humidity can accelerate cement hydration reaction while avoiding excessive evaporation of water. The experimental group combined temperature control equipment with steam curing system to make cement hydration process more stable and uniform, improving the overall strength and durability of concrete. In contrast, traditional steam curing failed to achieve precise environmental regulation, resulting in more microcracks and uneven distribution of hydration products inside the concrete.

[0144] Experiment 4: Comparative experiment on temperature and humidity control of large-volume concrete pouring Experimental procedures Concrete batch preparation: Prepare the concrete raw materials according to the following recipe: Cement: 400 parts by mass Sand: 800 parts by mass Coarse aggregate: 1300 parts by mass Water: 170 parts by mass Fly ash: 18% (mass fraction of cement mass) Silica fume: 4% (mass fraction of cement mass) Water reducing agent: 0.6% (mass fraction of cement mass) Fiber reinforcement: 0.3% (volume percentage) Mixing and stirring: Add all the ingredients into a blender according to the above proportions and stir for 6 minutes to ensure uniformity of the ingredients and avoid local stratification or segregation.

[0145] Pouring and vibrating: Pour the mixed concrete into a standard mold and vibrate it with a vibrator to ensure that the concrete is evenly compacted and avoid the generation of bubbles.

[0146] Temperature and humidity control: Experimental group: The intelligent temperature and humidity adjustment system was immediately activated to precisely control the temperature and humidity. The temperature of the concrete surface was maintained at 28°C and the humidity was controlled at 75% through the temperature control equipment, and the surface was kept moist through the water film curing system.

[0147] Comparative group: The traditional mass concrete curing method was adopted, using a simple steam curing system, and the steam temperature was set at 55°C. The temperature and humidity were only controlled by steam without real-time monitoring.

[0148] Curing time and environmental control: Both the experimental group and the control group were cured for 28 days. During this period, the environmental conditions of the experimental group were adjusted by the intelligent control system. The control group relied only on steam curing, and the environmental adjustment was not precise.

[0149] Tests: After the curing period, tests were conducted on compressive strength, tensile strength, crack resistance (observation of the number and length of cracks), impermeability, etc. All tests were conducted under the same experimental environment.

[0150] Table 4 Comparative experimental data of temperature and humidity control of mass concrete In this experiment, the stability of the cement hydration process is the key. The experimental group maintained constant temperature and humidity through an intelligent temperature and humidity control system, ensuring the uniformity of the cement hydration reaction and reducing temperature difference cracks caused by hydration heat. The heat release during cement hydration is particularly significant when pouring large volumes. Excessive hydration heat can cause surface and internal temperature differences, resulting in cracks. By precisely controlling the temperature, the experimental group was able to effectively avoid this phenomenon, ultimately showing higher compressive strength and better crack resistance.

[0151] The control group used traditional steam curing methods. The control of temperature and humidity depends on the steam system, but the steam regulation lacks real-time feedback and precise control. In a high temperature environment, the heat of cement hydration may be released too quickly, exacerbating the formation of cracks. Although steam curing can provide the necessary humidity, there are large fluctuations in temperature regulation, which affects the uniformity of cement hydration. As a result, the concrete in the control group is inferior to the experimental group in terms of compressive strength and crack resistance, which shows that precise control of temperature and humidity is crucial for large-volume concrete construction.

[0152] From a mechanistic analysis, the experimental group optimized the cement hydration process by stabilizing the temperature and humidity environment, making the distribution of cement hydration products more uniform and reducing the stress concentration caused by hydration heat. This reasonable adjustment of temperature and humidity helps to improve the density and strength of concrete, especially in large-volume construction, avoiding cracking problems caused by excessive temperature differences. In contrast, traditional steam curing has limitations in temperature and humidity control due to the failure to make real-time adjustments and feedback, and fails to achieve its best effect in the cement hydration process.

[0153] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete on-site pouring process for building construction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: prepare high performance concrete according to the following formula; 300-400 parts by mass of cement, 120-180 parts by mass of water, 700-800 parts by mass of sand, 1000-1200 parts by mass of coarse aggregate, 15%-30% by mass of fly ash based on the mass of cement, 5%-20% by mass of mineral powder based on the mass of cement, 3%-5% by mass of silica fume based on the mass of cement, 0.5%-1% by mass of water reducing agent based on the mass of cement, 2%-5% by mass of expansion agent based on the mass of cement, and 0.1%-0.5% by volume of fiber reinforcement material; Step 2: Before pouring concrete, monitor the temperature, humidity and stress distribution of the construction site in real time through the sensor network; Step 3: According to the monitoring data, the temperature control equipment and humidity control equipment are adjusted through the central control system to ensure that the temperature and humidity on the surface and inside of the concrete are within the predetermined range; Step 4: After the concrete is poured, a water film curing system and a spray curing system are used for continuous curing; Step 5: Adjust the steam temperature and humidity through temperature control equipment, and optimize the curing process by combining heat recovery technology.

2. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement is one of ordinary Portland cement, slag cement or low-heat cement.

3. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber reinforcement material is one of polypropylene fiber, steel fiber or glass fiber.

4. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor network includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a stress sensor and a vibration sensor.

5. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device comprises a heating device and a cooling device to adjust the temperature of the concrete surface.

6. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water film maintenance system forms a water film through a nano coating to delay water evaporation.

7. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion agent is expansion cement or organic expansion agent.

8. A concrete pouring process for construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam temperature of the steam curing system is 40-60°C.

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