Method, device, equipment, storage medium and product for plugging formation fractures

Abstract

The present application provides a method, device, equipment, storage medium and product for plugging formation gaps, including: in response to detecting gaps in the formation, determining the gap area; calculating the added mass of the plugging material; the plugging material is a material whose volume undergoes flexible expansion as the temperature rises; the starting expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore carries drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid; controlling the temperature in the gap area to rise so that the added mass of the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gaps. In the present application, the plugging material is a flexible plugging material. After the temperature rises, the plugging material will expand in the formation gaps, so it can better fill the formation gaps, and thus the plugging effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial safety, and particularly to a method, device, equipment, storage medium and product for plugging formation fractures. Background Art

[0002] The exploration scale of deep and unconventional oil and gas resources is increasing day by day. However, deep and unconventional formation fractures are generally developed. During the wellbore drilling process, a large amount of drilling fluid will enter the formation through the fractures, resulting in lost circulation. After lost circulation occurs, the liquid level in the wellbore decreases, leading to a decrease in the liquid column pressure. Not only will a large amount of drilling fluid be consumed, increasing the drilling cycle, but also a series of complex situations such as well collapse and stuck pipe may occur if not treated in time. At the same time, it is also the main inducing factor for well control safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, various types of plugging materials such as bridging, polymer gel, liquid-absorbing swelling, and velvet capsule fluid have been successively developed in the market. The plugging materials are transported through the wellbore to the formation fracture location, so as to realize the plugging of the formation fracture by the plugging materials.

[0004] However, when using the above plugging materials for plugging, it is difficult for the particle size of the used plugging materials to be cured to match the fracture scale, reducing the filling rate and weakening the plugging effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, device, equipment, storage medium and product for plugging formation fractures, so as to solve the problem of low matching rate between the lost circulation material and the fracture scale and poor plugging effect in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for plugging formation fractures, the method including:

[0007] In response to detecting a fracture in the formation, determining the fracture area;

[0008] Calculating the added mass of the plugging substance; the plugging substance is a substance whose volume can undergo flexible expansion as the temperature rises; the starting expansion temperature of the plugging substance is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore bears drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging substance is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid;

[0009] Controlling the temperature in the fracture area to rise, so that the added mass of the plugging substance undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation fracture.

[0010] In one mode, the step of in response to detecting a fracture in the formation, determining the fracture area includes:

[0011] Controlling a noise meter to drop from the wellhead, and receiving the noise data collected by the noise meter at the formation depth during the dropping process;

[0012] In response to the noise data received at the first depth of the formation exceeding a preset gap threshold, determine that the first depth of the formation is the starting depth of the formation gap;

[0013] Continue to control the noise instrument to descend. In response to the noise data received at the second depth of the formation changing from continuously exceeding the preset gap threshold to being less than or equal to the preset gap threshold, determine that the second depth of the formation is the ending depth of the formation gap; between the starting depth and the ending depth of the formation gap, the noise data collected by the noise instrument all exceed the preset gap threshold;

[0014] Determine the gap area based on the starting depth and the ending depth of the formation gap.

[0015] In one way, the determining the gap area based on the starting depth and the ending depth of the formation gap includes:

[0016] Calculate the difference between the ending depth and the starting depth, and determine the difference as the gap depth;

[0017] Determine the gap area based on the gap depth.

[0018] In one way, the determining the gap area based on the gap depth includes:

[0019] Determine the formation area covered by the gap depth as the gap area; and / or,

[0020] Determine the formation area included in the gap depth, and the preset areas above and below the formation area as the gap area.

[0021] In one way, the calculating the added mass of the plugging material includes:

[0022] Obtain the relationship table between the volume expansion rate and the temperature of the plugging material;

[0023] Obtain the target temperature of the preset volume expansion of the plugging material;

[0024] Determine the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table;

[0025] Calculate the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate.

[0026] In one way, the calculating the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate includes:

[0027] Obtain the volume of the drilling fluid;

[0028] Calculate the ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate as the added mass of the plugging material.

[0029] In one way, controlling the temperature rise in the gap area so that the added mass of the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gap includes:

[0030] Control the heating unit prepared for the gap area to fall to the gap area;

[0031] Control the heating unit to heat to the target temperature of the plugging material in the gap area so that the added mass of the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gap.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides a plugging device for a formation gap, and the plugging device for the formation gap includes:

[0033] A determination module, configured to determine the gap area in response to detecting a gap in the formation;

[0034] A calculation module, configured to calculate the added mass of the plugging material; the plugging material is a material whose volume can undergo flexible expansion as the temperature rises; the starting expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore carries the drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid;

[0035] A control module, configured to control the temperature rise in the gap area so that the added mass of the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gap.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0037] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0038] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method described in the first aspect or any one of the ways above.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and the computer-executable instructions are used for the method described in any one of the first aspects above when executed by a processor.

[0040] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0041] The present application provides a method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and product for plugging formation gaps. In the present application, an electronic device for formation gaps (hereinafter referred to as the electronic device) determines a gap area in response to detecting a gap in the formation, and then calculates the added mass of a plugging substance, which is a substance that undergoes flexible expansion in volume at high temperatures, and the starting expansion temperature of the plugging substance is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore. The wellbore bears drilling fluid, and the above-mentioned added mass of the plugging substance is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid. Further, the electronic device controls the temperature in the gap area to rise, so that the added mass of the plugging substance undergoes flexible expansion, thereby plugging the gaps in the formation. In the present application, the plugging substance is a flexible plugging substance. After the temperature rises, the plugging substance will expand in the formation gaps, so that it can better fill the formation gaps, and thus the plugging effect can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0043] Figure 1 FIG. is an application scenario diagram of a method for plugging formation gaps provided by the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of a method for plugging formation gaps provided in Embodiment 1;

[0045] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of a method for plugging formation gaps provided in Embodiment 2;

[0046] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of a method for plugging formation gaps provided in Embodiment 5;

[0047] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a formation gap provided in Embodiment 8;

[0048] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a plugging method provided in Embodiment 8;

[0049] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a device for plugging formation gaps provided in Embodiment 9;

[0050] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 10.

[0051] Through the above-mentioned accompanying drawings, the specific embodiments of the present application have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These accompanying drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0053] Currently, various types of plugging materials such as bridging type, polymer gel type, liquid-absorbing swelling type, and velvet capsule fluid type have been successively developed at home and abroad. The plugging material is transported through the wellbore to the formation fissure, so as to realize the plugging of the formation fissure by the plugging material.

[0054] However, when using the above-mentioned plugging materials for plugging, it is difficult for the curing of the particle size of the plugging material used to match the fissure scale, which reduces the filling rate and weakens the plugging effect.

[0055] To solve the defects of the prior art, the inventors of this solution have carried out creative research and designed a new solution. This solution provides a method for plugging formation fissures. To solve the problem of poor plugging effect in the prior art, the electronic device in this solution responds to detecting a fissure in the formation, determines the corresponding fissure area, and then calculates the added mass of the plugging substance, so that the above-mentioned added mass of the plugging substance is evenly distributed in the wellbore. Then, the temperature in the fissure area is controlled to rise. At this time, the plugging substance in the fissure area will undergo flexible expansion as the temperature rises. At this time, after the volume expands, the formation fissure can be plugged. Since the plugging substance in this solution is a flexible plugging substance, it is like an irregular plugging substance such as foam after expansion, so it can better match the formation fissure scale, thus improving the filling effect. The plugging substance in this solution is a substance that expands as the temperature rises, so only by controlling the temperature can the volume of the plugging substance be controlled, which is convenient for implementation in actual scenarios.

[0056] Next, the application scenarios of a method, device, equipment, storage medium, and product for plugging formation fissures provided by the present application will be introduced.

[0057] Figure 1 It is an application scenario diagram of a method for plugging formation fissures provided by the present application. As Figure 1 shown, this application scenario diagram includes an electronic device 101, a heating unit 102, a formation 103, and a wellbore 104.

[0058] Among them, the electronic device 101 can be any device with computing functions, which can be a mobile phone or a computer, and no limitation is made here.

[0059] Among them, the heating unit 102 can generate heat. The heating unit is located in the wellbore 104.

[0060] Specifically, the electronic device 101 determines the crack area in response to detecting a crack in the formation.

[0061] Furthermore, the electronic device 101 calculates the added mass of the plugging material, so that the user can evenly distribute the plugging material of this added mass in the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid is located in the wellbore 104.

[0062] In this scenario, the formation 103 includes formation cracks.

[0063] Furthermore, the electronic device 101 can control the heating unit 102 to fall to the crack area, and then the electronic device 101 controls the heating unit 102 to generate heat. At this time, the plugging material in the formation cracks undergoes flexible expansion as the temperature rises, so as to fill the formation cracks.

[0064] Among them, the heating unit 102 can be prepared based on the crack area.

[0065] A method for plugging formation cracks provided by this application aims to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0066] Next, specific embodiments will be used to elaborate in detail on the technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] Embodiment 1

[0068] The execution subject of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 8 of this application is the plugging of formation cracks, and the plugging of the formation cracks (abbreviated as the plugging device) is located in the electronic device.

[0069] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for plugging formation cracks provided for Embodiment 1. Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0070] S201, in response to detecting a crack in the formation, determine the crack area.

[0071] In one way, the electronic device can detect a crack in the formation based on the crack prompt input by the user.

[0072] In one way, the electronic device can detect a crack in the formation through the noise data of the noise meter.

[0073] Among them, the fracture area refers to the area in the formation with fractures.

[0074] S202, calculate the added mass of the plugging material; the plugging material is a material whose volume can expand flexibly as the temperature rises; the starting expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore bears drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid.

[0075] Among them, the added mass refers to the mass of the plugging material added into the drilling fluid.

[0076] Among them, the volume of the wellbore can be known in advance.

[0077] Specifically, after the electronic device calculates the added mass of the plugging material, the user can evenly add the plugging material with this added mass into the drilling fluid, stir it evenly, and then add the drilling fluid with the evenly distributed plugging material into the wellbore.

[0078] Among them, the plugging material is a material whose volume can expand flexibly as the temperature rises. Therefore, when the temperature rises, if the plugging material reaches the starting expansion temperature, it will start to expand in volume. If the temperature continues to rise, the plugging material will continue to expand.

[0079] It should be noted that the plugging material will not continue to expand after reaching the final expansion temperature (i.e., the maximum expansion temperature).

[0080] It should be noted that the flexible expansion of the plugging material is like an irregular material, for example, foam.

[0081] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the plugging material will not expand after being added into the wellbore, the starting expansion temperature of the plugging material selected in this application is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore. Among them, the starting expansion temperature refers to the lowest temperature at which the plugging material starts to expand.

[0082] It can be understood that if the starting expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or higher than the highest temperature of the wellbore, when the plugging material is added into the wellbore, it will not expand.

[0083] It should be noted that the plugging material in this application can be expanded graphite or other materials, and there is no limitation here.

[0084] It should be noted that the temperature of the wellbore will change with the depth of the formation, so the temperature of the wellbore is not fixed.

[0085] It can be understood that, in order to enable the plugging material to expand better and fill the formation cracks, the plugging material in this application is uniformly distributed in the drilling fluid, and there will be no situation where there is more plugging material in one place and less plugging material in another place. Therefore, the situation where the formation cracks cannot be completely filled due to insufficient plugging material is avoided.

[0086] S203. Control the temperature in the crack area to rise, so that the plugging material of the added mass undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation cracks.

[0087] In one way, the user can lower the corresponding heating unit to the crack area, where the heating unit is communicatively connected to the electronic device.

[0088] Furthermore, the electronic device controls the heating unit to generate heat in the crack area, causing the temperature in the crack area to rise. Consequently, the temperature of the drilling fluid in the crack area also rises, and thus the temperature of the plugging material uniformly distributed in the drilling fluid also rises. When the temperature of the plugging material reaches the initial expansion temperature, the plugging material begins to expand. As the temperature continues to rise, the expanded volume of the plugging material will be larger.

[0089] In one way, at least one small-segment heating device is pre-set on the wellbore. Each heating device is communicatively connected to the electronic device, and each heating device is controlled by the electronic device to generate heat. In this way, the electronic device determines at least one heating device corresponding to the crack area, and then controls at least one heating device to generate heat, thereby causing the temperature of the drilling fluid to rise and the temperature of the plugging material to rise, so that the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the cracks in the formation.

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation cracks. In this embodiment, the electronic device first detects the cracks in the formation, then determines the crack area. Further, it calculates the added mass of the plugging material, which can undergo flexible expansion in volume as the temperature rises. The plugging material exists in the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid exists in the wellbore. The electronic device controls the temperature in the crack area to rise, and consequently the temperature of the drilling fluid in the crack area also rises. Therefore, the temperature of the plugging material in the crack area will also rise, so that the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the cracks in the formation. The plugging material in this application is a flexible plugging material, so it can better fill the cracks in the formation. In addition, the plugging material in this application is uniformly distributed in the drilling fluid. Therefore, when plugging the cracks in the formation, the plugging material is uniformly distributed, so cracks of different sizes can be filled, and there will be no situation where there is only a small amount of plugging material in large cracks, achieving uniform plugging. Therefore, this application improves the plugging effect.

[0091] Embodiment Two

[0092] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments. This embodiment is an alternative way to determine the crack area in response to detecting cracks in the formation.

[0093] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for plugging formation cracks provided for Embodiment 2. As Figure 3 shown, it specifically includes:

[0094] S301, control the noise detector to drop from the wellhead, and receive the noise data collected by the noise detector at the formation depth during the dropping process.

[0095] Among them, the noise detector can use a downhole operation noise detector.

[0096] Among them, the noise detector is communicatively connected to the electronic device.

[0097] In one way, the noise detector can be wired-connected to the control dropping device, and the control dropping device can control the noise detector to drop in a wired manner. Among them, the control dropping device can be communicatively connected to the electronic device, and the control dropping device can collect or determine the dropping depth of the noise detector in the formation. The control dropping device can send the dropping depth and the corresponding noise data to the electronic device, so that the electronic device receives the noise data collected by the noise detector at the formation depth.

[0098] In another way, the noise detector can be directly wired-connected to the electronic device, and the electronic device can control the noise detector to drop in a wired manner. Among them, the electronic device can collect or determine the dropping depth of the noise detector in the formation and receive the noise data of the noise detector at the formation depth.

[0099] It should be noted that there is corresponding noise data at any formation depth.

[0100] S302, in response to the noise data received at the first formation depth exceeding the preset crack threshold, determine the first formation depth as the starting depth of the formation crack.

[0101] Specifically, assume that the noise detector is directly wired-connected to the electronic device, so that the electronic device can directly receive the noise data of the noise detector at the formation depth.

[0102] Among them, the preset crack threshold refers to the preset noise threshold for cracks in the formation. When the measured noise data exceeds the preset crack threshold, it is determined that there are formation cracks at this formation depth. It should be noted that the formation cracks have a starting depth and an ending depth.

[0103] Among them, the starting depth refers to the shallowest depth of the formation crack, and the ending depth refers to the deepest depth of the formation crack.

[0104] Specifically, the electronic device obtains the noise data at each formation depth, and compares each noise data with a preset gap threshold. If it is determined that the noise data received at the first depth of a certain formation exceeds the preset gap threshold, then the first depth of the formation is determined as the starting depth of the formation gap.

[0105] Exemplarily, assume that the electronic device receives noise data corresponding to three formation depths. The noise data of the first two formation depths are both within the preset gap threshold, and the noise data corresponding to the third formation depth exceeds the preset gap threshold. Then, it is determined as the first depth of the formation, and it is determined that there is a formation gap at this time, and the first depth of the formation is determined as the starting depth.

[0106] S303. Continue to control the noise instrument to drop. In response to the noise data received at the second depth of the formation changing from continuously exceeding the preset gap threshold to being less than or equal to the preset gap threshold, determine the second depth of the formation as the end depth of the formation gap; between the starting depth and the end depth of the formation gap, the noise data collected by the noise instrument all exceed the preset gap threshold.

[0107] Specifically, after the electronic device determines the starting depth of the formation gap, continue to control the noise instrument to drop to determine the end depth of the formation gap.

[0108] Further, after the electronic device determines the starting depth, assume that it receives noise data corresponding to four formation depths. The noise data corresponding to the first three formation depths all exceed the preset gap threshold, and the noise data corresponding to the fourth formation depth is less than the preset gap threshold. Then, determine the fourth formation depth as the second depth of the formation, and determine the second depth of the formation as the end depth of the formation gap.

[0109] It should be noted that when determining the formation gap, the wellbore is filled with the initial drilling fluid. If there is a formation gap in the formation, the drilling fluid will leak, and thus noise will be generated at the formation gap. Therefore, the noise data at the formation gap is greater than the noise data at other locations without formation gaps. So, this solution uses a noise instrument to determine the formation gap in the formation. When it is determined that the noise data corresponding to the first depth of the formation exceeds the preset gap threshold, then it is determined that the first depth of the formation is the starting depth, indicating that the drilling fluid leaks at this time. The noise instrument continues to drop, and the noise data received in the formation gap is greater than the preset gap threshold. When it drops to the second depth of the formation, the corresponding noise data is less than the preset gap threshold, then the second depth of the formation is determined as the end depth.

[0110] S304. Determine the gap area based on the starting depth and the end depth of the formation gap.

[0111] In one way, the area covered by the starting depth and the end depth of the formation gap is determined as the gap area.

[0112] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation fissures. In this embodiment, noise data collected by a noise meter is used, and the noise data is compared with a preset fissure threshold. When the noise data at the first depth of the formation exceeds the preset fissure threshold, it is determined as the starting depth of the formation fissure. When the noise data at the second depth of the formation is less than the preset fissure threshold, it is determined as the ending depth of the formation fissure. Therefore, in this embodiment, based on the noise data, the starting depth and the ending depth of the formation fissure can be accurately determined, thereby accurately determining the fissure area.

[0113] Embodiment III

[0114] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments, and this embodiment is an optional way to determine the fissure area based on the starting depth and the ending depth of the formation fissure.

[0115] This embodiment includes:

[0116] Calculate the difference between the ending depth and the starting depth, and determine the difference as the fissure depth. Determine the fissure area based on the fissure depth.

[0117] Specifically, represent the ending depth with and represent the starting depth with , then the fissure depth is .

[0118] In one way, the electronic device can determine the formation area covered by as the fissure area.

[0119] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation fissures. In this embodiment, the fissure depth is calculated, and further, the fissure area is determined based on the fissure depth.

[0120] Embodiment IV

[0121] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments, and this embodiment is an optional way to determine the fissure area based on the fissure depth.

[0122] Specifically include: Determine the formation area covered by the fissure depth as the fissure area.

[0123] This embodiment further includes:

[0124] Determine the formation area included in the fissure depth, and the preset areas above and below the formation area as the fissure area.

[0125] Among them, the preset areas above and below the formation area refer to the preset area above the formation area and the preset area below the formation area.

[0126] Among them, the preset area can be the area corresponding to a depth of 5 meters. For example, the area 5 meters above Ho and the area 5 meters below Ho.

[0127] It can be understood that it is the area 5 meters above the formation area covered by the crack depth Ho and the area 5 meters below the formation area covered by the crack depth Ho.

[0128] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation cracks. In this embodiment, the formation area covered by the crack depth is determined as the crack area, or the formation area included in the crack depth and the preset areas above and below the formation area are determined as the crack area, so as to ensure a wider range of the crack area and create better temperature conditions for the subsequent plugging work.

[0129] Embodiment Five

[0130] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments and is an optional way to calculate the added mass of the plugging material.

[0131] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow diagram of a method for plugging formation cracks provided for Embodiment Five. As Figure 4 shown, it specifically includes:

[0132] S401, obtain the relationship table between the volume expansion rate and temperature of the plugging material.

[0133] Among them, the relationship table between the volume expansion rate and temperature is pre-stored.

[0134] It should be noted that when the temperature is different, the volume expansion rate corresponding to the plugging material is different.

[0135] Table 1 is the relationship table in this embodiment.

[0136] Table 1

[0137]

[0138] As shown in Table 1, the first temperature corresponds to the first volume expansion rate, the second temperature corresponds to the second volume expansion rate, and the third temperature corresponds to the third volume expansion rate.

[0139] S402, obtain the target temperature of the preset volume expansion of the plugging material.

[0140] Among them, the target temperature refers to the final temperature that the temperature of the plugging material rises to in actual application.

[0141] It should be noted that the target temperature is less than or equal to the highest temperature that the plugging material can reach.

[0142] In one way, the electronic device obtains the preset target temperature of the plugging material at the storage center.

[0143] S403. Determine the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table.

[0144] Furthermore, the electronic device determines the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table.

[0145] Exemplarily, assume that the target temperature is the same as the third temperature, then determine that the third volume expansion rate corresponding to the third temperature is the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature.

[0146] S404. Calculate the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate.

[0147] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation fractures. In this embodiment, determining the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table can obtain an accurate volume expansion rate and calculate an accurate added mass.

[0148] Embodiment Six

[0149] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments, and this embodiment is an optional way to calculate the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate.

[0150] Specifically, it includes:

[0151] Obtain the volume of the drilling fluid, and calculate the ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate as the added mass of the plugging material.

[0152] Among them, the volume of the drilling fluid is determined based on the volume of the wellbore and can be pre-stored in the electronic device.

[0153] Furthermore, the electronic device obtains the volume of the drilling fluid from the storage center.

[0154] Further, calculate the added mass based on the following formula (1).

[0155] (1)

[0156] Among them, is the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature, with the unit ; is the added mass of the plugging material, with the unit ; is the volume of the drilling fluid, with the unit .

[0157] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the plugging material can better fill the formation fractures, the target temperature in this embodiment can be set to the highest temperature that the plugging material can reach.

[0158] In one way, the target temperature is the highest temperature that the plugging material can reach, and the corresponding volume expansion rate is the maximum volume expansion rate. Thus, the added mass of the plugging material is shown in formula (2):

[0159] (2)

[0160] Furthermore, based on the added mass, the addition ratio can be calculated, that is , where is the addition ratio, and the unit .

[0161] In one way, the ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate is calculated as the minimum mass of the plugging material, and it is determined that the added mass of the plugging material is greater than the minimum mass.

[0162] In this way, determining that the added mass is greater than the minimum mass can make the actually added mass of the plugging material more, which can ensure that more plugging material in the drilling fluid is covered, so that more plugging material in the formation cracks, and further the formation cracks can be better filled.

[0163] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation cracks. In this embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate is determined as the added mass of the plugging material.

[0164] Embodiment VII

[0165] This embodiment is a further refinement of any of the above embodiments. This embodiment is an optional way to control the temperature rise in the crack area so that the added mass of the plugging material expands flexibly to plug the formation cracks.

[0166] Specifically, it includes:

[0167] Controlling the heating unit prepared for the crack area to fall to the crack area, and controlling the heating unit to heat to the target temperature of the plugging material in the crack area, so that the added mass of the plugging material expands flexibly to plug the formation cracks.

[0168] Among them, the heating unit can be prepared according to the crack area. The heating depth of the heating unit is consistent with the depth of the crack area, so as to ensure that the temperature in the crack area can rise.

[0169] Specifically, the electronic device controls the heating unit to fall to the crack area, then controls the heating unit to generate heat, and controls the heating unit to generate heat to the target temperature, so that the plugging material is heated to the target temperature, and then the plugging material expands flexibly to plug the formation cracks.

[0170] It should be noted that after determining the added mass of the plugging material, the user can evenly add the plugging material with this added mass to the drilling fluid so that the drilling fluid includes this plugging material.

[0171] It should be noted that the added mass of the plugging material in this embodiment is in grams. A small added mass can achieve plugging, and there is no need to add a large mass of plugging material. Therefore, the entire plugging process is simple and convenient.

[0172] This embodiment provides a method for plugging formation gaps. In this embodiment, the electronic device controls the heating unit to drop to the gap area and controls the heating unit to heat so that the plugging material reaches the target temperature, thereby enabling the plugging material to expand flexibly.

[0173] Embodiment VIII

[0174] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of formation gaps provided for Embodiment VIII.

[0175] As Figure 5 shown, a plugging material is added to the formation gap. The plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid. When the temperature rises, the volume of the plugging material expands flexibly, thereby filling the formation gap.

[0176] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a plugging method provided for Embodiment VIII. As Figure 6 shown, it specifically includes:

[0177] When a certain ultra-deep gas well in a certain basin was drilled to a depth of 6540 m, fracture leakage occurred. The well leakage depth (i.e., the gap depth) was located at 4600 m - 4752 m. The measured highest temperature of the wellbore at a depth of 6540 m was 171 . The density of the drilling fluid was 1.82 g / cm 3 . An expansion graphite was selected as the plugging material. The selected expansion graphite had a density of 1.24 g / cm 3 , and the initial expansion temperature was 185 , which was higher than the highest temperature of the wellbore. The plugging material was evenly distributed in the drilling fluid. The target temperature was set to 300 . The volume expansion rate at the target temperature of 300 was 250 cm 3 / g. According to the volume of the drilling fluid, the corresponding added mass was calculated, and further the addition ratio of the expansion graphite was calculated as 0.004 g / cm 3, that is, only 0.004 g of expanded graphite needs to be added to each cubic centimeter of drilling fluid. The addition amount is extremely low and will not affect the performance of the drilling fluid. After the ratio is completed, the drilling fluid is pumped into the wellbore. After 2 hours, the drilling fluid containing expanded graphite returns from the wellhead and is ready for heating. A coiled tubing cable device is selected for heating. The minimum length of the heating unit is calculated to be (4752 - 4600) = 152 m. The actual length of the heating unit is set to 165 m, covering the range of 4594 m to 4759 m (i.e., the gap area), and the power is 600 Kw. After the gap area is heated to 300 °C and continuously heated for 2.5 h, the expanded graphite undergoes volume expansion to fill the formation fractures, and the drilling fluid loss is significantly reduced. Subsequently, polymer gel plugging is continued to strengthen the effect, and the loss completely disappears.

[0178] Among them, 4600 m is the starting depth of the formation fracture.

[0179] Among them, 4752 m is the ending depth of the formation fracture.

[0180] Example Nine

[0181] The following is an example of the device of the present application. Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a plugging device for a formation fracture provided for Example Nine. As Figure 7 shown, the plugging device 700 for the formation fracture includes the following modules:

[0182] A determination module 701, configured to determine a gap area in response to detecting a gap in the formation;

[0183] A calculation module 702, configured to calculate the added mass of the plugging substance; the plugging substance is a substance whose volume can undergo flexible expansion as the temperature rises; the starting expansion temperature of the plugging substance is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore carries the drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging substance is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid;

[0184] A control module 703, configured to control the temperature rise in the gap area so that the added mass of the plugging substance undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation fracture.

[0185] In one mode, when the determination module 701 determines the gap area in response to detecting a gap in the formation, it is specifically configured to:

[0186] Control the noise meter to drop from the wellhead, and receive the noise data collected by the noise meter at the formation depth during the dropping process;

[0187] In response to the noise data received at the first formation depth exceeding a preset gap threshold, determine the first formation depth as the starting depth of the formation fracture;

[0188] Continue to control the noise detector to fall. In response to the noise data received at the second formation depth changing from continuously exceeding the preset gap threshold to being less than or equal to the preset gap threshold, determine the second formation depth as the end depth of the formation gap; between the start depth and the end depth of the formation gap, the noise data collected by the noise detector all exceed the preset gap threshold.

[0189] Determine the gap area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation gap.

[0190] In one way, when determining the gap area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation gap, the determining module 701 is specifically configured to:

[0191] Calculate the difference between the end depth and the start depth, and determine the difference as the gap depth;

[0192] Determine the gap area based on the gap depth.

[0193] In one way, when determining the gap area based on the gap depth, the determining module 701 is specifically configured to:

[0194] Determine the formation area covered by the gap depth as the gap area; and / or,

[0195] Determine the formation area included in the gap depth, and the areas preset above and below the formation area as the gap area.

[0196] In one way, when calculating the added mass of the plugging material, the calculating module 702 is specifically configured to:

[0197] Obtain the relationship table between the volume expansion rate and the temperature of the plugging material;

[0198] Obtain the target temperature of the preset volume expansion of the plugging material;

[0199] Determine the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table;

[0200] Calculate the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate.

[0201] In one way, when calculating the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate, the calculating module 702 is specifically configured to:

[0202] Obtain the volume of the drilling fluid;

[0203] Calculate the ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate as the added mass of the plugging material.

[0204] In one way, when controlling the temperature in the gap area to rise so that the added mass of the plugging material undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gap, the control module 703 is specifically configured to:

[0205] Control the heating unit prepared for the gap area to fall into the gap area;

[0206] Control the heating unit to heat to the target temperature of the plugging material in the gap area, so that the plugging material with the added mass undergoes flexible expansion to plug the formation gap.

[0207] Embodiment Ten

[0208] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided for Embodiment Ten. As Figure 8 shown, the electronic device 800 may include: a processor 801, and a memory 802 communicatively connected to the processor 801. Among them, the memory 802 stores computer-executable instructions; the processor 801 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 802 to implement any one of the method embodiments in Embodiments One to Eight as described above. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0209] Among them, in this embodiment, the memory 802 and the processor 801 are connected by a bus. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of convenience of representation, Figure 8 only a thick line is used to represent it in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0210] Embodiment Eleven

[0211] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement any one of the method embodiments in Embodiments One to Eight as described above. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0212] Embodiment Twelve

[0213] The present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any one of the method embodiments in Embodiments One to Eight as described above. The specific implementation manners and technical effects are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0214] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0215] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0216] In addition, each functional module in various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in a processing module, or each module can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a combination of hardware and software functional modules.

[0217] The program code for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to the processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable interrupt processing devices, so that when the program codes are executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program codes can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, executed partially on the machine as an independent software package and partially on a remote machine, or executed entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0218] In the context of the present invention, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0219] In addition, while the operations are depicted in a particular order, this should be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented combinatorially in a single implementation. Conversely, the various features described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented separately or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0220] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present application that follow the general principles of the present application and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are only to be considered as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are pointed out by the following claims.

[0221] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for plugging formation gaps, characterized in that: The method comprises: In response to detecting a fracture in the formation, determining a fracture area; Calculating the added mass of the plugging material; the plugging material is a material that can flexibly expand in volume as the temperature rises; the initial expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore carries drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid; Controlling the temperature rise of the crack area to allow the added mass of plugging material to flexibly expand and plug the formation cracks; In response to detecting a crack in the formation, determining the crack area includes: Control the noise meter to fall from the wellhead, and receive the noise data collected by the noise meter at the formation depth during the falling process; In response to noise data received at a first depth of the formation exceeding a preset gap threshold, determining the first depth of the formation as a start depth of a gap in the formation; Continue to control the noise meter to fall, and in response to the noise data received at the second depth of the formation continuously exceeding the preset gap threshold to being less than or equal to the preset gap threshold, determine that the second depth of the formation is the end depth of the formation gap; between the start depth and the end depth of the formation gap, the noise data collected by the noise meter all exceed the preset gap threshold; Determining a fracture area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation fracture; The determining of the fracture area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation fracture comprises: Calculating the difference between the end depth and the start depth, and determining the difference as the gap depth; determining the gap area based on the gap depth; The determining the gap area based on the gap depth includes: determining the stratum region covered by the fracture depth as the fracture region; and / or, The stratum region included in the crack depth and the regions preset above and below the stratum region are determined as the crack region.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the added mass of the plugging material includes: Obtaining a relationship table between the volume expansion rate and temperature corresponding to the plugging material; Obtaining a preset target temperature for volume expansion of the plugging material; Determining the volume expansion rate corresponding to the target temperature from the relationship table; The added mass of the plugging material is calculated based on the volume expansion rate.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The calculating the added mass of the plugging material based on the volume expansion rate includes: Obtain the volume of drilling fluid; The ratio of the volume of the drilling fluid to the volume expansion rate is calculated as the added mass of the plugging material.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of controlling the temperature rise of the crack region so that the plugging material with added mass flexibly expands and plugs the cracks in the formation comprises: Controlling the heating unit prepared for the gap area to fall into the gap area; The heating unit is controlled to heat the crack region to a target temperature of the plugging material, so that the plugging material with added mass can flexibly expand and plug the formation cracks.

5. A sealing device for formation gaps, characterized in that: The blocking device for the formation gap comprises: A determination module, configured to determine a crack area in response to detecting a crack in the formation; A calculation module is used to calculate the added mass of the plugging material; the plugging material is a material that can flexibly expand in volume as the temperature rises; the initial expansion temperature of the plugging material is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the wellbore; the wellbore carries drilling fluid, and the added mass of the plugging material is evenly distributed in the drilling fluid; A control module, used for controlling the temperature rise of the crack area, so that the plugging material with added mass can flexibly expand and plug the formation cracks; The determination module, when determining the crack area in response to detecting a crack in the formation, is specifically used to: Control the noise meter to fall from the wellhead, and receive the noise data collected by the noise meter at the formation depth during the falling process; In response to noise data received at a first depth of the formation exceeding a preset gap threshold, determining the first depth of the formation as a start depth of a gap in the formation; Continue to control the noise meter to fall, and in response to the noise data received at the second depth of the formation continuously exceeding the preset gap threshold to being less than or equal to the preset gap threshold, determine that the second depth of the formation is the end depth of the formation gap; between the start depth and the end depth of the formation gap, the noise data collected by the noise meter all exceed the preset gap threshold; Determining a fracture area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation fracture; The determination module, when determining the fracture area based on the start depth and the end depth of the formation fracture, is specifically used to: Calculating the difference between the end depth and the start depth, and determining the difference as the gap depth; determining the gap area based on the gap depth; The determination module, when determining the gap area based on the gap depth, is specifically used to: determining the stratum region covered by the fracture depth as the fracture region; and / or, The stratum region included in the crack depth and the regions preset above and below the stratum region are determined as the crack region.

6. An electronic device comprising: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executed by a processor.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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