A sputum mixing and dispersing device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sputum mixing and dispersing device and method, which relates to the technical field of mixing and dispersing. The device includes: A sputum tube includes a collection cup and a centrifuge tube disposed below it. The top of the collection cup is threadedly connected with a lid, and a sleeve is integrally formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube; A storage rack includes a tray, a column and a base. A plurality of jacks are circumferentially arranged on the tray for inserting and supporting the sputum tube; A rotating mechanism includes a rotating assembly, a turntable and a clamping assembly disposed inside the turntable. The rotating assembly is connected to the turntable for driving the turntable. A plurality of through holes are circumferentially arranged on the top plate of the turntable, and a plurality of clamping parts of the clamping assembly are disposed in the corresponding through holes for clamping the corresponding sleeves; A cap screwing machine is used to open / close the caps of the sputum tubes on the storage rack; A ball feeding mechanism is used to release a fixed quantity of balls into the sputum tubes. The present invention is convenient for collecting sputum and does not require secondary transfer of sputum; It can automatically open / close the caps of the sputum tubes and automatically add balls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mixing and dispersion, and in particular to a sputum mixing and dispersion device and method. Background Art

[0002] Sputum is a mixture composed of respiratory secretions and cells. The detection of sputum components is of great significance in medical diagnosis and can reflect the health status of the lungs and airways. Since sputum is usually relatively viscous, in order to improve the fluidity and dispersion of sputum, multiple beads are usually added into the sputum tube. During the centrifugation process, these beads disperse the viscous components in the sputum, and the cells, pathogens, etc. in the sputum can be more effectively released into the buffer solution, thereby improving the uniformity of the sample and enhancing the accuracy of the detection results.

[0003] From the collection of sputum to the mixing and dispersion of sputum, the following problems exist in the prior art:

[0004] ① Sputum is collected using a collection cup with a relatively large diameter. During detection, the sputum in the collection cup is then transferred into a centrifuge tube. The problem is that the collection cup and the centrifuge tube are independently arranged, requiring secondary transfer of the sputum sample, and the operation is cumbersome.

[0005] ② Manually unscrew the lid of the centrifuge tube, manually add multiple beads, then manually tighten the lid, and insert the centrifuge tube into the centrifugation device in sequence. This link is overly dependent on manual labor and has low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a sputum mixing and dispersion device and method, which is convenient for collecting sputum and does not require secondary transfer of sputum; in the mixing and dispersion link, it can automatically open / close the lid and automatically add beads.

[0007] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following scheme is proposed:

[0008] A sputum mixing and dispersion device includes a plurality of sputum tubes, a storage rack, and a rotating mechanism, a lid screwing machine, and a bead feeding mechanism, all of which are arranged on the top of the base.

[0009] The sputum tube includes a collection cup and a centrifuge tube arranged below it. The top of the collection cup is threadedly connected with a lid, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube is integrally formed with a sleeve;

[0010] The storage rack includes a tray, a column, and a base from top to bottom. The tray is circumferentially provided with a plurality of jacks for inserting and supporting the sputum tubes;

[0011] The rotating mechanism includes a rotating assembly, a turntable, and a clamping assembly disposed within the turntable. The rotating assembly is connected to the turntable and is used to drive the turntable. A plurality of through-holes are circumferentially arrayed on the top plate of the turntable. A plurality of clamping portions of the clamping assembly are disposed in the corresponding through-holes. When the storage rack is placed on the top plate, the clamping portions are used to clamp the corresponding sleeves.

[0012] The cap screwing machine is used to open / close the caps of the sputum tubes on the storage rack.

[0013] The discharge pipe of the ball feeding mechanism is inclined, and the pipe orifice is located above the sputum tube and between two adjacent sputum tubes. The ball feeding mechanism is used to release a fixed quantity of balls into the sputum tube that is currently moved below the discharge pipe.

[0014] A sputum mixing and dispersing method, using the sputum mixing and dispersing device as described above, includes the following steps:

[0015] Sampling: Collect sputum using a sputum tube, tighten the cap, and then place it on the storage rack.

[0016] Installation: Place the storage rack on the turntable, with the sleeves corresponding to the clamping portions one by one, and use the clamping portions to clamp the sleeves.

[0017] Cap opening: The cap screwing machine opens the caps of all the sputum tubes on the storage rack.

[0018] Adding balls: Use the rotating assembly to drive the turntable by a certain angle, so that the sputum tubes are sequentially moved below the discharge pipe, and the ball feeding mechanism releases a fixed quantity of balls into the sputum tubes.

[0019] Adding buffer solution: Add the buffer solution into the sputum tubes.

[0020] Mixing and dispersing: The cap screwing machine caps all the sputum tubes on the storage rack, and the rotating assembly continuously drives the turntable to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. Provide a storage rack for placing multiple sputum tubes, which is convenient for storing and transferring sputum tubes; the storage rack can be directly placed on the rotating mechanism without taking out the sputum tubes on the storage rack and then placing them on the rotating mechanism, which is convenient to operate.

[0023] 2. Provide a new type of sputum tube, including an integrally formed collection cup, centrifuge tube, and sleeve. The collection cup has a larger diameter, which is convenient for collecting sputum; the centrifuge tube accommodates the collected sputum, which is beneficial for the sputum to be more concentrated; the sleeve can not only keep the individual sputum tubes placed on the platform upright, but also cooperate with the clamping portions one by one in the subsequent mixing and dispersing process to fix the sputum tubes.

[0024] 3. An automatic capping / uncapping machine can be used to open / close the cap; a ball feeding mechanism can be used to automatically release a fixed quantity of balls into the sputum tube; during the ball adding step, the rotating assembly can intermittently rotate the turntable by a certain angle to move the sputum tubes successively under the discharge pipe, and during the mixing and dispersion step, the rotating assembly can continuously rotate the turntable to rotate all the sputum tubes for mixing and dispersing the sputum. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Shows the structural diagram of the mixing and dispersion device;

[0026] Figure 2 Shows the schematic structural diagram of the sputum tube;

[0027] Figure 3 Shows the structural diagram of the storage rack and the sputum tube;

[0028] Figure 4 Shows the top view of the storage rack and the sputum tube;

[0029] Figure 5 Shows the structural diagram of the turntable;

[0030] Figure 6 Shows the structural diagram of the turntable and the rotating assembly;

[0031] Figure 7 Shows the structural diagram of the partially cut-open turntable;

[0032] Figure 8 is Figure 7 the partial enlarged view at A in

[0033] Figure 9 Shows the structural diagram of the clamping part;

[0034] Figure 10 Shows the structural diagram of the ball feeding mechanism;

[0035] Figure 11 is Figure 10 the partial enlarged view at B in

[0036] Figure 12 Shows the side view of the ball feeding mechanism;

[0037] Figure 13 Shows the cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder, inner cylinder and material box;

[0038] Figure 14 Shows the flow chart of the sputum mixing and dispersion method;

[0039] Reference numerals: rotating mechanism - 1, clamping assembly - 11, clamping part - 111, clamping plate - 1111, spring - 1112, rotating shaft - 1113, lifting table - 112, U-shaped seat - 113, turntable - 12, top plate - 121, groove - 122, through hole - 123, rotating assembly - 13, first sprocket - 131, second sprocket - 132, chain - 133, protective housing - 134, storage rack - 2, support plate - 21, notch - 211, column - 22, base - 23, capping machine - 3, lifting assembly - 31, cross arm - 311, control box - 32, rotating gripper - 33, ball feeding mechanism - 4, discharge pipe - 41, material box - 42, outer cylinder - 43, receiving window - 431, discharge window - 432, round hole - 433, inner cylinder - 44, receiving groove - 441, threaded hole - 442, funnel - 45, second motor - 46, main cabinet - 47, screw 48, sputum tube - 5, collection cup - 51, centrifuge tube - 52, lid - 53, sleeve - 54, base - 6. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a sputum mixing and dispersing device, which includes a plurality of sputum tubes 5, a storage rack 2, a rotating mechanism 1, a capping machine 3 and a ball feeding mechanism 4.

[0042] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the sputum tube 5 includes an integrally formed collection cup 51 and a centrifuge tube 52. The centrifuge tube 52 is arranged below the collection cup 51. The collection cup 51 has a larger diameter to facilitate sputum collection. The top of the collection cup 51 is threadedly connected with a lid 53. The bottom of the centrifuge tube 52 is integrally formed with a sleeve 54. The outer diameter of the sleeve 54 is equal to the outer diameter of the centrifuge tube 52. The functions of the sleeve 54 are as follows: ① It can enable a single sputum tube 5 to be placed on the platform and keep upright; ② In the subsequent mixing and dispersing process, the sleeve 54 is used to fix the sputum tube 5.

[0043] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the storage rack 2 successively includes a support plate 21, a column 22 and a base 23 from top to bottom. A plurality of jacks are circumferentially arranged on the support plate 21. The jacks are used to insert and support the sputum tubes 5. When the sputum tubes 5 are inserted into the jacks, the sleeves 54 are in a suspended state, and the collection cups 51 are supported on the support plate 21. The functions of the storage rack 2 are as follows: ① It is used to place the sputum tubes 5, facilitating the storage and transfer of the sputum tubes 5; ② It is not necessary to take out the sputum tubes 5 on the storage rack 2 and then place them on the rotating mechanism 1. The storage rack 2 provided in this embodiment can be directly placed on the rotating mechanism 1.

[0044] Specifically, as Figure 1 , Figures 6 - 8As shown, the rotating mechanism 1 is arranged on the top of the base 6. The rotating mechanism 1 includes a rotating assembly 13, a turntable 12 and a clamping assembly 11. The rotating assembly 13 is connected to the turntable 12 and is used to drive the turntable 12. The inside of the turntable 12 is hollow. There is a top plate 121 on the top of the turntable 12. A storage rack 2 is placed on the top plate 121. There are a plurality of through holes 123 arranged in a circumferential array on the top plate 121. The through holes 123 penetrate the top plate 121 up and down. The clamping assembly 11 is arranged inside the turntable 12. The clamping assembly 11 includes a plurality of clamping parts 111. The clamping parts 111 are arranged in the corresponding through holes 123. When the storage rack 2 is placed on the top plate 121, the clamping parts 111 are used to clamp the corresponding sleeve 54.

[0045] In order to place the storage rack 2 on the top plate 121 more quickly and accurately, the following measures are taken in this embodiment:

[0046] First, as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, the base 23 is set to be rectangular, and the top plate 121 is provided with a corresponding groove 122. When the base 23 is matched in the groove 122, the bottom surface of the sleeve 54 is closely attached to the top plate 121;

[0047] Second, as Figure 5 shown, a rectangular limit frame is provided on the outer periphery of the groove 122;

[0048] Third, as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 shown, a plurality of notches 211 are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer periphery of the support plate 21. One notch 211 is located between two adjacent sputum tubes 5. When placing or removing the storage rack 2, the notch 211 is used to avoid the discharge pipe 41.

[0049] Among them, the specific implementation manner of the clamping assembly 11 is as follows: As Figure 5 、 Figures 7 - 9 shown, the clamping assembly 11 includes a lifting platform 112 and a plurality of U-shaped seats 113 arranged on its top. The plurality of U-shaped seats 113 are arranged in a circumferential array along the lifting platform 112. The lifting platform 112 is used to adjust the height of all U-shaped seats 113. The power source of the lifting platform 112 can be driven by a cylinder or an oil cylinder. One U-shaped seat 113 corresponds to one clamping part 111. Each clamping part 111 includes two cross-hinged clamping plates 1111. A rotating shaft 1113 is penetrated through the intersection of the two clamping plates 1111. The outer end of the rotating shaft 1113 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 123. The upper half parts of the two clamping plates 1111 are used to clamp the sleeve 54 internally. A spring 1112 is arranged between the lower half parts. The top of the U-shaped seat 113 is set to be arc-shaped and is tangent to the lower half parts of the two clamping plates 1111. When the U-shaped seat 113 moves upward, it is used to open the two clamping plates 1111, so as to clamp the sleeve 54 internally. During the upward movement of the U-shaped seat 113, the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped seat 113 is used to avoid the spring 1112.

[0050] Among them, the specific implementation of the rotating component 13 is as follows: As Figure 1 , Figure 6 shown, the rotating component 13 includes a first motor, a first sprocket 131, a second sprocket 132, and a chain 133. The first sprocket 131 is annular, and the first sprocket 131 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the turntable 12. The bottom of the turntable 12 is rotatably connected to the base 6. The first motor is arranged in the base 6. The output shaft of the first motor penetrates the base 6 upward and then connects to the second sprocket 132. The chain 133 is sleeved on the outer circumferences of the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 and meshes with the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132. In order to improve the aesthetics, in this embodiment, the second sprocket 132 is arranged in the protective shell 134. When in use, when the first motor is started, it will cause the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 to rotate synchronously, and then make the turntable 12 rotate.

[0051] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the cap screwing machine 3 is arranged on the top of the base 6 and is used for opening / closing the caps of the sputum tubes 5 on the storage rack 2. The specific implementation of the cap screwing machine 3 is as follows: The cap screwing machine 3 includes a lifting component 31, a control box 32, and a plurality of rotating claws 33 arranged at the bottom of the control box 32. The rotating claws 33 are located above the corresponding sputum tubes 5. The lifting component 31 is arranged on the top of the protective shell 134. The lifting component 31 is connected to the control box 32 through a cross arm 311. The power source of the lifting component 31 can be driven by a cylinder or an oil cylinder and is used to adjust the height of the control box 32 and the plurality of rotating claws 33. The rotating claws 33 have two functions of rotating and clamping, which belongs to conventional technology, and the structure and principle of the rotating claws 33 will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0052] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the ball feeding mechanism 4 is arranged on the top of the base 6. The discharge pipe 41 of the ball feeding mechanism 4 is inclined, and the pipe orifice is located above the sputum tube 5 and between two adjacent sputum tubes 5. When the turntable 12 rotates to move one of the sputum tubes 5 below the discharge pipe 41, the ball feeding mechanism 4 is used to release a fixed amount of balls into the sputum tube 5. The specific implementation of the ball feeding mechanism 4 is as follows:

[0053] As Figures 10 - 13As shown in the figure, the round bead feeding mechanism 4 includes a second motor 46, a material box 42, a main cabinet 47, an outer cylinder 43, an inner cylinder 44, and a funnel 45. The outer cylinder 43, the inner cylinder 44, and the funnel 45 are all arranged inside the main cabinet 47. The outer cylinder 43 is horizontally arranged. A material receiving window 431 is provided at the top of the outer cylinder 43, and a discharge window 432 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 43. The inner cylinder 44 is rotatably arranged inside the outer cylinder 43. Multiple rows of material receiving grooves 441 are circumferentially arrayed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 44. Two of the rows of material receiving grooves 441 are respectively located at the material receiving window 431 and the discharge window 432. The material box 42 is arranged on the top of the main cabinet 47. Round beads are stored in the material box 42. The bottom of the material box 42 extends downward into the main cabinet 47 and is aligned with the material receiving window 431. One material receiving groove 441 is used to carry one round bead. The second motor 46 is arranged on the outer wall of the main cabinet 47. The output shaft of the second motor 46 penetrates through the main cabinet 47 and the first end of the outer cylinder 43 and then connects to the first end of the inner cylinder 44. The funnel 45 is located below the discharge window 432 and is used to receive the round beads falling from the discharge window 432. The bottom of the funnel 45 is connected to a discharge pipe 41.

[0054] The usage method of the round bead feeding mechanism 4 is as follows: The second motor 46 drives the inner cylinder 44, causing one row of empty material receiving grooves 441 to gradually move to the material receiving window 431 to carry round beads, and one material receiving groove 441 carries one round bead. At the same time, another row of material receiving grooves 441 carrying round beads gradually moves to the discharge window 432, and then the round beads are released from the discharge window 432 into the funnel 45. Then the round beads enter the discharge pipe 41 and are released from the pipe orifice of the discharge pipe 41 into the corresponding sputum pipe 5.

[0055] In the above solution, the number of round beads released by the round bead feeding mechanism 4 each time is fixed. In order to make the number of round beads adjustable, the further optimized solution of this embodiment is as follows: As Figures 10 - 13 shown in the figure, the main cabinet 47 is provided with a cabinet door. The second ends of the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 44 both face the cabinet door. A round hole 433 is provided at the second end of the outer cylinder 43. The inner diameter of the round hole 433 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 44. The second end of the inner cylinder 44 is open. Multiple rows of threaded holes 442 are circumferentially arrayed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 44. One row of threaded holes 442 corresponds to one row of material receiving grooves 441, and the threaded holes 442 communicate with the corresponding material receiving grooves 441. The inner diameter of the threaded holes 442 is smaller than the inner diameter of the material receiving grooves 441. Screws 48 are used to be installed in the threaded holes 442.

[0056] When the number of round beads to be released needs to be reduced by one, the operation method is as follows: The staff opens the cabinet door of the main cabinet 47, operates the screw 48 by hand, and tightens one screw 48 for each row of material receiving grooves 441. After the screw 48 is tightened, it will extend into the corresponding material receiving groove 441, playing a role in blocking the material receiving groove 441 to prevent round beads from falling into the material receiving groove 441, thereby reducing the number of cylinders by one.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a sputum mixing and dispersing method, using the sputum mixing and dispersing device described in Example 1, and the method includes the following steps:

[0059] Sampling: Use the sputum tube 5 to collect sputum, tighten the lid 53 and place it on the rack 2.

[0060] Installation: After the sputum tubes 5 are inserted into the sockets of the rack 2, the rack 2 is placed on the turntable 12. Note that the base 23 is aligned with the groove 122, so that the sputum tube 5 and the rotating clamp 33 correspond one to one, and the sleeve 54 and the clamping part 111 correspond one to one; the lifting platform 112 raises all the U-shaped seats 113 under the action of its power source, and the U-shaped seat 113 gradually opens the two clamps 1111, and the clamps 1111 fix the sleeve 54 by internal clamping.

[0061] Opening the cover: the lifting component 31 moves the control box 32 downward under the action of its power source, and the rotating jaws 33 first open and then clamp the covers 53 of the corresponding sputum tubes 5 as the control box 32 moves downward, and then the rotating jaws 33 rotate the covers 53, and the lifting component 31 gradually moves the control box 32 upward, thereby opening the covers of all sputum tubes 5.

[0062] Adding beads: the first motor is started, causing the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the turntable 12 to rotate a certain angle, causing the sputum tube 5 to move to the bottom of the discharge pipe 41 in turn, and the bead unloading mechanism 4 releases a certain amount of beads into the sputum tube 5. The specific principle is: the second motor 46 drives the inner cylinder 44, causing one row of empty receiving troughs 441 to gradually move to the receiving window 431, while the other row of receiving troughs 441 carrying beads gradually moves to the discharge window 432, and then releases the beads from the discharge window 432 into the funnel 45, and then the beads enter the discharge pipe 41, and are released from the mouth of the discharge pipe 41 into the corresponding sputum tube 5.

[0063] Adding buffer solution: adding buffer solution into the sputum tube 5. This step can be achieved by using an automatic liquid adding device. This step does not belong to the technical problem to be solved by this solution and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] Mixing and dispersing: the capping machine 3 caps all the sputum tubes 5 on the rack 2, and the rotating assembly 13 continuously drives the turntable 12 to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0065] Through the entire method flow, it can be known that the rotating component 13 has two functions: ① In the bead adding step, the rotating component 13 intermittently rotates the turntable 12 by a certain angle, prompting the sputum tubes 5 to move to the bottom of the discharge pipe 41 in sequence; ② In the mixing and dispersing step, the rotating component 13 continuously rotates the turntable 12, thereby rotating all the sputum tubes 5 to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical idea and characteristics of the present invention, and do not represent that they are the only ones or limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sputum mixing and dispersing device, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of sputum tubes (5), a storage rack (2), and a rotating mechanism (1), a capping machine (3), and a ball feeding mechanism (4) all arranged on the top of a base (6); The sputum tube (5) comprises a collection cup (51) and a centrifuge tube (52) arranged below the collection cup, the top of the collection cup (51) is threadedly connected to a cover (53), and the bottom of the centrifuge tube (52) is integrally formed with a sleeve (54); The storage rack (2) comprises, from top to bottom, a support plate (21), a column (22) and a base (23); a plurality of insertion holes are arranged in a circular array on the support plate (21) for inserting and supporting the sputum tube (5); The rotating mechanism (1) comprises a rotating assembly (13), a rotating disk (12), and a clamping assembly (11) disposed in the rotating disk (12); the rotating assembly (13) is connected to the rotating disk (12) and is used to drive the rotating disk (12); a top plate (121) of the rotating disk (12) has a plurality of through holes (123) in a circumferential array; a plurality of clamping portions (111) of the clamping assembly (11) are disposed in corresponding through holes (123); when the storage rack (2) is placed on the top plate (121), the clamping portions (111) are used to clamp corresponding sleeves (54); The capping machine (3) is used to open / close the sputum tube (5) on the storage rack (2); The discharge pipe (41) of the ball discharge mechanism (4) is arranged at an angle, with the pipe opening located above the sputum tube (5) and between two adjacent sputum tubes (5). The ball discharge mechanism (4) is used to release a certain amount of balls into the sputum tube (5) currently moved below the discharge pipe (41); The clamping assembly (11) comprises a lifting platform (112) and a plurality of U-shaped seats (113). The plurality of U-shaped seats (113) are arranged in an array along the circumference of the lifting platform (112). The lifting platform (112) is used to adjust the height of the U-shaped seats (113). One U-shaped seat (113) corresponds to one clamping portion (111). Each clamping portion (111) comprises two cross-hinged clamping plates (1111). A rotating shaft (1113) is provided at the intersection of the two clamping plates (1111). The outer end of the rotating shaft (1113) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole (123). The upper parts of the two clamping plates (1111) are used to internally clamp the sleeve (54). A spring (1112) is provided between the lower parts. The top of the U-shaped seat (113) is arranged in an arc shape to open the two clamping plates (1111). The U-shaped groove of the U-shaped seat (113) is used to avoid the spring (1112).

2. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball unloading mechanism (4) comprises a second motor (46), a material box (42), a main cabinet (47), and an outer cylinder (43), an inner cylinder (44) and a funnel (45) all arranged in the main cabinet (47). The outer cylinder (43) is arranged horizontally, and a material receiving window (431) is provided on the top thereof, and a material discharging window (432) is provided on the bottom thereof. The inner cylinder (44) is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder (43). The outer wall of the inner cylinder (44) is provided with a plurality of rows of material receiving grooves (441) in a circular array, wherein two rows of material receiving grooves (441) are respectively located at the material receiving window (431) and the material discharging window (432). The material box (42) is arranged on the top of the main cabinet (47), and beads are stored in the material box (42). The bottom of the material box (42) extends downward into the main cabinet (47) and is connected to the material receiving window (431). The material receiving groove (441) is used to carry a bead. The second motor (46) is arranged on the outer wall of the main cabinet (47), and its output shaft passes through the main cabinet (47) and the first end of the outer cylinder (43) and is connected to the first end of the inner cylinder (44). The funnel (45) is located below the discharge window (432) and is used to receive the dropped beads. The bottom of the funnel (45) is connected to the discharge pipe (41).

3. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main cabinet (47) is provided with a cabinet door. A circular hole (433) is provided at the second end of the outer cylinder (43). The inner diameter of the circular hole (433) is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder (44). The second end of the inner cylinder (44) is open. A plurality of rows of threaded holes (442) are arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (44). One row of threaded holes (442) corresponds to one row of material receiving grooves (441). The threaded holes (442) are connected to the corresponding material receiving grooves (441). The inner diameter of the threaded holes (442) is smaller than the inner diameter of the material receiving grooves (441). Screws (48) are installed in the threaded holes (442).

4. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (23) is arranged in a rectangular shape, and the top plate (121) is provided with a corresponding groove (122). When the base (23) is matched in the groove (122), the bottom surface of the sleeve (54) is in close contact with the top plate (121). The outer periphery of the support plate (21) is provided with a plurality of notches (211) in an array. When placing or removing the storage rack (2), the notches (211) are used to avoid the discharge pipe (41).

5. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (13) comprises a first motor, a first sprocket (131), a second sprocket (132) and a chain (133); the first sprocket (131) is annular and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating disk (12); the bottom of the rotating disk (12) is rotatably connected to the base (6); the first motor is arranged in the base (6); the output shaft of the first motor passes through the base (6) upward and is connected to the second sprocket (132); and the chain (133) meshes with the first sprocket (131) and the second sprocket (132).

6. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second sprocket (132) is disposed in the protective shell (134). The capping machine (3) comprises a lifting assembly (31), a regulating box (32), and a plurality of rotating jaws (33) disposed at the bottom of the regulating box (32). The lifting assembly (31) is disposed at the top of the protective shell (134). The lifting assembly (31) is connected to the regulating box (32) via a cross arm (311) and is used to adjust the height of the regulating box (32) and the plurality of rotating jaws (33). The rotating jaws (33) are located above the corresponding sputum tube (5).

7. A sputum mixing and dispersion method, characterized in that: The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 2 comprises the following steps: Sampling: Collect sputum using a sputum tube (5), tighten the lid (53) and place it on the rack (2); Installation: placing the storage rack (2) on the turntable (12), with the sleeve (54) and the clamping portion (111) corresponding one to one, and clamping the sleeve (54) using the clamping portion (111); Opening the cap: the capping machine (3) opens the caps of all the sputum tubes (5) on the storage rack (2); Adding beads: using the rotating assembly (13) to drive the turntable (12) to a certain angle, the sputum tube (5) is moved to the bottom of the discharge pipe (41) in sequence, and the bead discharge mechanism (4) releases a certain amount of beads into the sputum tube (5); Add buffer: Add buffer into the sputum tube (5); Mixing and dispersing: the capping machine (3) caps all the sputum tubes (5) on the storage rack (2), and the rotating component (13) continuously drives the turntable (12) to mix and disperse the sputum.

8. The sputum mixing and dispersion method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step of adding beads, the second motor (46) drives the inner cylinder (44), causing one row of empty receiving troughs (441) to gradually move to the receiving window (431) for carrying the beads, while another row of receiving troughs (441) carrying beads gradually moves to the discharging window (432), and then releases the beads into the funnel (45) and then into the discharging pipe (41).

9. The sputum mixing and dispersion method according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the installation step, the lifting platform (112) lifts all the U-shaped seats (113), and the U-shaped seats (113) gradually open the two clamping plates (1111), and the clamping plates (1111) fix the sleeve (54) by means of internal clamping.

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