Excitation combination structure and brushless motor using same
By introducing controllable windings into the excitation structure of the motor, breaking through the repulsive force barrier and using the repulsive force of the permanent magnet at the same level, the problem of inability to drive when the fixed and rotors in the motor are both permanent magnets is solved, and efficient power output and low power consumption are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311437841.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
The excitation structure in the existing motor has a repulsive barrier problem, which makes it impossible to effectively drive the rotor to operate and perform work when the fixed and rotors are both permanent magnets.
A new excitation combination structure is adopted, and a controllable winding composed of conductors is added between the two magnets. The electromagnetic force generated by the winding breaks through the repulsive force barrier, and the same-level phase repulsive force between the stator and the rotor's permanent magnet is used to generate power.
It is realized that when the fixed and rotors are both permanent magnets, the electromagnetic force generated by the winding breaks through the repulsive force barrier, forming a cyclic work, and only a very small power consumption can generate the same power of the original motor. In theory, the output work can be achieved greater than the input work.
Smart Images
Figure CN119921515A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric motors. Background Art
[0002] Since the birth of the first electric motor in the 19th century, the electric motor has become one of the cornerstones for promoting the development of the entire industry. This field has a very comprehensive development, including high voltage, low voltage, frequency conversion, speed regulation, synchronous, asynchronous, brushed, brushless, etc. Its basic structure is divided into a rotor and a stator. The current is converted into a magnetic field through the winding composed of wires. The principle of magnetic field repulsion and attraction between opposite poles is used to control the transformation of the two levels of the magnetic field to drive the rotor to operate and do work. The difference is that the stator and the rotor are both composed of windings or windings and permanent magnets. The core principle is to obtain the required power. The corresponding power must be provided to the winding to generate electromagnetic force and form repulsion with the corresponding magnetic poles. According to data analysis, about 70% of the electricity generated in the world each year is used to drive various motors. Countless people want to generate power when the stator and rotor are both permanent magnets, but when the same-level repulsion generates power in the rotation path, it will offset the barrier generated by the repulsion in front and cannot operate, even if room-temperature superconductivity can achieve a breakthrough. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to break through the repulsive barrier problem in the existing excitation structure, the present invention provides a groundbreaking excitation combination structure, which is applied to the brushless motor. When the stator and rotor are both permanent magnets, the repulsive barrier can be crossed in the rotation path to form a cycle of work. Its power is mainly generated by the same-level repulsion between the adjacent surfaces of the permanent magnets of the rotor and stator, and only very little power consumption is required to generate the same power as the original motor; according to the power conversion ratio, theoretically, the output work can be greater than the input work. Just imagine, it means that humans will save more than half of the electricity, and the existing trams can increase their mileage by several times at least.
[0004] The novel excitation combination structure provided by the present invention is a controllable winding composed of a conductor added between two layers of magnets.
[0005] The excitation combination structure includes two layers of magnet groups, a fixed magnet group and a moving magnet group, and a layer of winding composed of a conductor. The winding is connected to a power supply, a sensor and a control circuit. The winding is attached to the outer adjacent surface (working surface) of the fixed magnet group between the two layers of magnets, leaving a small gap with the surface of the moving magnet group.
[0006] The brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power supply, a sensor, a control circuit, etc.; wherein the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a motor main shaft, and the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a thin winding arranged outside the adjacent surface of the stator and the rotor, and the winding includes enameled wire, silicon steel sheet, insulating wire frame, etc.; the winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit, and the sensor is a magnetic or optical sensor such as a Hall sensor; unlike the traditional brushless motor, the magnetic poles of the traditional motor generally need to be made into a multiple of 3 to form a push, empty, and pull structure, and the efficiency is not high; while the brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure does not need this and can also form a push and pull structure.
[0007] There are many types of brushless motors made with the excitation combination structure. The first type: the stator permanent magnet group and the rotor permanent magnet group are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles on the two is the same and is a multiple of two. The magnetic poles on the adjacent surface (work surface) are combined in a positive and negative interval. Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings.
[0008] The second type of brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is different from the first type in that each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to a group of subdivided windings, and the other structures are the same. The disadvantage is that the reversal phenomenon is easy to occur;
[0009] The third type of brushless motor made by the excitation combination structure: a power-enhanced version of the first type, the stator permanent magnet group and the rotor permanent magnet group are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles, the number of subdivided magnetic poles of the two is a multiple of two, and both are combined according to the positive and negative intervals of the magnetic poles on the adjacent surface (work surface), the stator permanent magnet group is one group, the rotor permanent magnet group is two groups, and they are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft. The sum of the axial heights of the two groups of rotor permanent magnet groups is equivalent to one group of stator permanent magnet groups. There are also two groups of windings on the stator, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft and correspond to the rotor permanent magnets. Each magnetic pole of the stator corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings. The advantage of this motor is high power;
[0010] The fourth type of brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure: the stator permanent magnet group has only one pole, on which a large number of subdivided windings are arranged, the number of rotor poles is a multiple of two, and they are symmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the motor main axis, and the rotor poles repel the adjacent surfaces of the stator poles. The disadvantage is that the energy consumption is relatively high;
[0011] Of course, there can be other combination structures, but the basic structure remains unchanged, that is, a controllable winding composed of a conductor is added between the two layers of magnets;
[0012] Since the electromagnetic force generated by the stator winding in the brushless motor made by the excitation combination structure of the present invention is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier, and the main work is generated by the mutual repulsive force of the adjacent surfaces of the permanent magnet of the rotor and the permanent magnet of the stator, the thickness of the stator winding in the radial direction of the motor can be very thin, and only about 20% of the electromagnetic force of the traditional motor winding is needed. The rest is similar to the traditional motor, and the electromagnetic force is provided by controlling the circuit through magnetic induction or light induction sensors, but the control logic is different. According to calculations, the energy consumption can be only about one-third of the original motor under the condition of equal power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is the motion principle diagram of the excitation combination structure in the present invention;
[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of an inner rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0015] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an inner rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0016] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an inner rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure in an open state according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the double-series rotors of the inner-rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure in the specific embodiment of the present invention in the open state;
[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a single-pole outer rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a core component of a single-pole outer rotor brushless motor made of an excitation combination structure described in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Among them, 1. Moving magnet group (in the motor: rotor permanent magnet group); 2. Fixed magnet group (in the motor: stator permanent magnet group); 3. Winding (in the motor: thin winding); 4. Sensor sensing point; 5. Power supply wire; 6. Motor spindle assembly; 7. Lining; 8. Motor housing; 9. Control circuit board containing sensor; 10. Movement direction (in the motor: rotor movement direction); DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only a few examples of the preferred implementation methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0022] The novel excitation combination structure disclosed in the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the motion principle of the novel excitation combination structure disclosed in this embodiment is divided into four stages a, b, c, and d. The structural parts include a moving magnet group 1, a fixed magnet group 2, a winding 3, a sensing position point 4 of the sensor, and a motion direction 10;
[0024] In this example, in the above excitation combination structure, a thin layer of winding 3 is arranged between the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2, and the winding 3 is composed of subdivided windings, and the subdivided windings include enameled wires, silicon steel sheets, and insulating wire racks; the subdivided windings are attached to the fixed magnet group 2, connected to the power supply wire 5 and the control circuit board 9 including the sensor, and the magnet groups of the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2 are both composed of the included magnetic poles, which are multiples of two, and the number of the two is the same, the length of the adjacent surface (working surface) is equal, and the respective magnetic poles are combined with one positive and one negative intervals on the adjacent surface (working surface); each magnetic pole on the fixed magnet group 2 corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings, and the induction position point 4 of the sensor is set between each two groups of subdivided windings (no gap is left between the subdivided windings, and the figure is shown for easy distinction); the control circuit board 9 connected to the winding 3 includes a magnetic or optical sensor, which is connected and disconnected through a unique control logic to generate electromagnetic force.
[0025] The control logic is: in the starting stage a, when the front end of any magnetic pole in the moving magnet group 1 (for example, the adjacent surface is the N pole) approaches the induction position point 4 between the two subdivided windings in the winding 3, the control instruction of the control circuit board 9 is triggered, so that the subdivided winding in front of the magnetic pole generates an electromagnetic force opposite to the moving magnetic pole (upward S pole), that is, attraction, because the length of the subdivided winding is half of the adjacent surface of the lower magnetic pole, as the magnetic pole of the moving magnet group 1 continuously triggers the induction position point 4 along the moving direction 10, the front is continuously attracted, and the opposite subdivided magnetic pole (adjacent surface is the S pole) in the back also continuously triggers the induction position point 4, so that the winding in front of the magnetic pole generates an opposite electromagnetic force (upward N pole), so that the rear magnetic pole is pulled while generating a repulsive force on the front magnetic pole (both are N poles), forming push and pull work, that is, stage B.
[0026] In the described stages a to B, the magnetic poles of the moving magnet group 1 (the adjacent surface is the N pole) need to break through the attraction of the magnetic poles of the fixed magnet group 2 below (the adjacent surface is the S pole) and the repulsion of the magnetic poles in front of it (the adjacent surface is the N pole), that is, to cross the repulsion barrier.
[0027] Further: when the rear moving magnetic pole (the adjacent surface is the S pole) runs to the same magnetic pole (S pole) as the adjacent surface of the fixed magnet group 2 below, the same electromagnetic force (upward S pole) generated by the subdivided winding being triggered below is superimposed, which will generate the maximum repulsive force, that is, the maximum work, that is, stages c and d.
[0028] After testing, the corresponding subdivided winding of winding 3 only needs to generate about 20% (same-pole) opposite magnetic force to shield the magnetic poles of the fixed magnet group 2 below, that is, to cross the repulsive barrier. After crossing, when the magnetic poles of the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2 are the same, the repulsive force between them becomes a driving force. Therefore, the electromagnetic force generated by winding 3 is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier, and the main work is generated by the mutual repulsion between the adjacent surfaces of the moving magnet group 1 and the fixed magnet group 2. In this way, power output can be formed when both are permanent magnets, so several times the power output can be generated with very little power consumption, and the excitation combination structure can also be used in other electromagnetic fields.
[0029] The following figure specifically illustrates the novel brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure disclosed in the present invention in combination with a specific embodiment.
[0030] like Figure 2-7 As shown, the brushless motor made of the new excitation combination structure disclosed in this example includes: a rotor permanent magnet group 1, a stator permanent magnet group 2, a thin winding 3, a sensor sensing position point 4, a power supply wire 5, a motor main shaft assembly 6, an inner lining 7, a motor housing 8, a control circuit board including a sensor 9, and a rotor movement direction 10.
[0031] like Figure 2-4 As shown, an inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is as follows: the rotor is mainly composed of a motor main shaft assembly 6 and a rotor permanent magnet group 1 fixed thereon; the stator is mainly composed of a stator permanent magnet group 2 and a thin winding 3; the thin winding 3 is composed of a subdivided winding, and the subdivided winding includes enameled wire, silicon steel sheet, and an insulating wire frame; the subdivided winding is between the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2, adhered to the stator permanent magnet group 2, connected to a power supply wire 5 and a control circuit board 9 containing a sensor; the above components are all installed in a motor housing 8 through an insulating lining 7; each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group 2 corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings, and a sensor sensing position point 4 is provided between each group of subdivided windings (there is no gap between the subdivided windings, as shown in the figure for easy distinction).
[0032] The magnet groups of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2 are both composed of the magnetic poles they contain, which are multiples of two, the number of the two is the same, the length of the adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) is equal, and the respective magnetic poles are a combination of adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) with one positive and one negative interval; the control circuit connected to the thin winding 3 contains a magnetic or optical sensor, which connects and disconnects the power supply through a unique control logic to generate electromagnetic force; its control logic is: the front end of any magnetic pole in the rotor permanent magnet group 1 is close to the induction position point between the two subdivided windings in the thin winding 3 4. The signal triggers the logic control circuit through the control circuit board 9 containing the sensor and the power supply wire 5, so that the subdivided winding in front of the magnetic pole generates an electromagnetic force opposite to the rotor magnetic pole (attractive). Because the length of the subdivided winding is half of the magnetic pole in the stator permanent magnet group 2, the magnetic pole opposite to the adjacent surface behind the magnetic pole is also close to the sensing position point 4 to trigger the logic control circuit. Therefore, on the rotor permanent magnet group 1, the front magnetic pole is constantly attracted, and the rear opposite magnetic pole is tractioned, while the subdivided winding also generates a repulsive force on the front magnetic pole.
[0033] According to the test, the corresponding subdivided winding only needs about 20% (same-pole) opposite electromagnetic force to shield the corresponding subdivided magnetic poles of the fixed magnet group 2, that is, to cross the repulsive barrier; after crossing, when the corresponding magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2 are the same, the repulsive force between them becomes a driving force. Therefore, the electromagnetic force generated by the thin winding 3 is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier, and the main work is generated by the mutual repulsion between the adjacent surfaces of the magnetic poles of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2, so that power output can be formed when both are permanent magnets.
[0034] The second type of inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is the same as the first type in other aspects, the difference is that each magnetic pole on the stator permanent magnet group 2 corresponds to a group of subdivided windings, and the disadvantage is that reversal is prone to occur.
[0035] like Figure 5As shown, the third type of inner rotor brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure is an enhanced version of the first type, with the following differences: two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft; there are also two sets of windings on the stator, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft and correspond to the rotor permanent magnets; the stator permanent magnet group 2 is a set, and each magnetic pole corresponds to two sets of equally divided subdivided windings on the upper and lower sides; the sum of the axial heights of the two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 is equal to that of one set of stator permanent magnet groups 2; the advantage of this motor is that it has high power; because in the first In this motor, when the rotor permanent magnet group 1 moves to a position opposite to the magnetic poles of the stator permanent magnet group 2, the poles of opposite poles attract each other, while the magnetic poles in the forward direction repel each other with the same poles. At this time, the electromagnetic force generated by the thin winding 3 is mainly used to break through the repulsive barrier and get rid of the attractive force, and it runs by inertia and weak magnetic force. The motor power is insufficient at this moment. When the magnetic poles of the two sets of rotor permanent magnet groups 1 axially connected in series are arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner, the combination with the single set of stator permanent magnet groups 2 can ensure that one set of rotors is in a high-power operation state at any time.
[0036] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the fourth type of brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure: the stator permanent magnet group 2 has only one magnetic pole, and the thin winding 3 above is provided with a plurality of subdivided windings, the outer rotor permanent magnet group 1 is also a unidirectional magnetic pole, the number of which is a multiple of two, and is distributed radially symmetrically along the motor main shaft assembly 6, and repels the adjacent surface of the magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group 2; the two ends of the rotor magnetic pole are acute angles, and the rear end is slightly raised to prevent jamming; the logic of the control circuit is: when the front end point of the magnetic pole of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 approaches the induction position point 4, several groups of subdivided windings on the thin winding 3 at the front, middle and rear corresponding positions of the front end point of the magnetic pole are triggered, and the winding generates an outward electromagnetic force opposite to (attracting) the rotor magnetic pole.
[0037] Specifically, Figure 6 When the adjacent surfaces of the magnetic poles on the rotor permanent magnet group 1 and the stator permanent magnet group 2 are both (S poles), they repel each other; when starting, the front end of the magnetic pole of the rotor permanent magnet group 1 triggers the induction position point 4, and the corresponding front, middle and rear three groups of subdivided windings on the thin winding 3 generate outward (N pole) electromagnetic force, which generates traction on the front end of the rotor magnetic pole, and the rear end naturally forms thrust due to the repulsive force of the magnetic pole on the corresponding stator permanent magnet group 2 (if the winding corresponding to the rear end is controlled to generate an outward S pole electromagnetic force, the power can be increased), and push and pull work is continuously formed as it runs; the advantage of this motor is simplicity, and the disadvantage is slightly higher energy consumption;
[0038] In summary, the new brushless motor made of the excitation combination structure can cross the repulsion barrier in the rotation path to form a closed loop when the stator and rotor are both permanent magnets, and can generate the same power as the existing motor with only very little power consumption. In theory, the output power can be greater than the input power consumption, and the excitation combination structure can also be used in other electromagnetic fields.
[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A new excitation combination structure, characterized in that: It includes two layers of magnets and a layer of winding composed of wires. The two layers of magnets are fixed magnets and moving magnets respectively. The winding is between the two layers of magnets and adheres to the outer adjacent surface (working surface) of the fixed magnet, leaving a small gap with the surface of the moving magnet. The winding is connected to the power supply, sensor and control circuit.
2. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed magnet and the moving magnet may both be composed of subdivided magnetic poles, or may be composed of a fixed magnet consisting of a single magnetic pole and a moving magnet consisting of subdivided magnetic poles.
3. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fixed magnet and the moving magnet are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles, the number of their respective magnetic poles is the same and is a multiple of two, and the adjacent surfaces (working surfaces) of the magnetic poles are combined in a positive and negative interval.
4. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fixed magnet is a single magnetic pole, the adjacent surface (working surface) with the moving magnet magnetic pole repels each other.
5. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using the excitation combination structure includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a power supply, an induction control circuit, etc., wherein the rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a motor main shaft, and the stator is mainly composed of a permanent magnet group and a layer of winding arranged on the adjacent surface of the stator and the rotor. The winding is connected to the power supply, a magnetic or optical sensor and a control circuit, and is attached to the stator permanent magnet, leaving a small gap with the surface of the rotor permanent magnet.
6. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles is the same for both, and both are combined with one positive and one negative magnetic pole on the adjacent surface (working surface). Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to two equally divided groups of subdivided windings.
7. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles. The number of subdivided magnetic poles is the same for both, and both are combined with a positive and negative interval of the magnetic poles on the adjacent surface (work surface). Each magnetic pole of the stator permanent magnet group corresponds to a group of subdivided windings.
8. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made using the excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group and a rotor permanent magnet group that are both composed of subdivided magnetic poles, and are combined in a positive and negative interval arrangement according to the magnetic poles of the adjacent surfaces (work surfaces). The stator permanent magnet group is one set, and the rotor permanent magnet group is two sets, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft, and the magnetic poles are arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner. There are also two sets of windings on the stator, which are connected in series along the axial direction of the motor main shaft and correspond to the rotor permanent magnets. Each magnetic pole of the stator corresponds to two sets of equally divided subdivided windings above and below.
9. The excitation combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brushless motor made with this excitation combination structure has a stator permanent magnet group that is a single pole with numerous windings arranged thereon, and a rotor permanent magnet that has a pole number that is a multiple of two, symmetrically distributed along the motor main axis, and repelling the stator poles.