A multifunctional ultra-thin metamaterial design method and device for assembly interface

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of mechanical design technology and discloses a design method for a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial for assembly interfaces. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial is placed on the assembly interface and comprises two interconnected layers. A piezoelectric ceramic sensor is attached to the surface of the first layer of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial has a two-stage resonator system. Based on the vibration signal collected by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor, the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal is determined. By adjusting the parameters of the two-stage resonator system of the second layer of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial's band structure covers the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal, thereby determining the structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial. This invention can achieve resonant frequency identification and ultra-wideband vibration isolation at the assembly connection interface by controlling the parameters of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial at the assembly interface, improving the energy loss capability of the assembly interface and effectively ensuring the dynamic connection performance of various components of high-end equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical design technology, and more specifically, relates to a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method and device for assembly interfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical connection structures are used to connect components, and their assembly connection performance is a key factor determining and ensuring the overall performance of mechanical equipment. Mechanical components are mostly connected using bolts, which are widely used in high-end equipment such as wind power equipment, aerospace, and ships / submarines. Currently, the performance of assembly interfaces is often improved through precise control of the morphology and hardness of the assembly interface and optimization of the assembly connection process.

[0003] However, due to the complex operating conditions at the assembly connection interface, such as alternating loads, large-gradient temperature-induced vibrations, and multi-frequency resonances, energy accumulates in the relaxed region of the connection interface, leading to strong vibrations under high loads and even material failure. Simultaneously, low-frequency vibrations cause wear, and the chemical environment at the assembly interface makes it prone to chemical corrosion. However, current technologies for improving assembly interface performance still suffer from high costs and unstable performance. Therefore, strong vibration isolation and reduction at the assembly connection interface under complex service conditions across multiple frequency bands and low-frequency ultra-wideband is an effective means to ensure strong assembly connection performance. Due to the size limitations of the assembly interface, high requirements are placed on the size of the vibration isolation metamaterial structure, making it difficult to coordinate small-size structures with low-frequency ultra-wideband vibration isolation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the limitations of existing acoustic metamaterials in terms of size, material, and lattice bandwidth, which make them difficult to apply to assembly interfaces, this invention provides a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method and apparatus for assembly interfaces. This design method integrates mechanical load-bearing performance, low-frequency ultrawide vibration isolation characteristics, and switching characteristics for assembly interfaces, enabling multi-band, low-frequency ultrawide vibration isolation of the assembly connection interface of multifunctional metamaterial structures under complex service conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces includes the following steps:

[0007] A multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial is placed on the assembly interface. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial consists of two connected layers. A piezoelectric ceramic sensor is attached to the surface of the first layer of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial has a two-stage resonator system.

[0008] Based on the vibration signal collected by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor, the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal is determined. By adjusting the parameters of the bi-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial's band structure is made to cover the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal, thereby determining the structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: treating the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial with a defined structure as a unit and arranging it in a periodic array, with the number of arrays determined according to the size of the actual assembly interface, thereby realizing the design of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial for the assembly interface.

[0010] Furthermore, the two-stage resonator system includes a metal substrate frame and a two-stage resonator system disposed on the metal substrate frame.

[0011] Furthermore, one of the cross sections of the base frame is a prism with a U-shaped cross section, and several square through holes are evenly distributed around the prism.

[0012] Furthermore, the two-stage resonator system includes a primary resonator system and a secondary resonator system. The primary resonator system includes a primary resonator mass block and a primary resonator elastic element, and the secondary resonator system includes a secondary resonator mass block and a secondary resonator elastic element. The secondary resonator elastic element is mounted on a metal substrate frame, the secondary resonator mass block is mounted on the secondary resonator elastic element, the primary resonator elastic element is mounted on the secondary resonator mass block, and the primary resonator mass block is mounted on the primary resonator elastic element.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic element of the first-stage resonator is a cylinder with a circular cross-section, and the mass block of the first-stage resonator is a cylinder. The elastic element of the second-stage resonator is a cube with a square cross-section and the circle removed from the middle, and the mass block of the second-stage resonator is a cylinder with a circular cross-section.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element of the first-stage resonator is disposed within the ring of the mass block of the second-stage resonator, and the mass block of the first-stage resonator is disposed within the ring of the elastic element of the first-stage resonator.

[0015] Furthermore, the metal matrix frame is made of aluminum alloy, the elastic elements of the first-stage and second-stage resonator are made of polyurethane, and the mass blocks of the first-stage and second-stage resonator are made of lead.

[0016] Furthermore, the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density of the aluminum alloy are 7.76 × 10⁻⁶. 10 Pa, 0.352 kg / m 3 and 2730kg / m 3 The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density of the polyurethane material are 3 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Pa, 0.49 kg / m3 and 1050kg / m 3 .

[0017] Furthermore, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial's band structure covers the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal through the following process:

[0018] When the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block is 0.25 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block is 0.5 mm, the change of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block is tested.

[0019] When the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block is 4.125 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block satisfies R2 = R1 + 0.25 mm, the change of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block is tested. Based on the changes of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block and the changes of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block, the values ​​of the radius of the primary resonator mass block and the inner and outer diameters of the secondary resonator mass block in the bi-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial are changed so that the bandgap of the multifunctional ultrathin bandgap structure covers the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] Based on the unique physical properties of ultrathin metamaterial structures, this invention constructs an ultrathin metamaterial structure with a two-stage resonator system and proposes a "multi-mode complementary" design concept. By adjusting the parameters of the multi-stage resonator system, the special functions of the metamaterial structure can be realized, forming a function-structure-parameter directional design scheme. This provides guidance for the design of metamaterial vibration isolation and reduction devices. The low-frequency ultrawideband vibration isolation performance of the metamaterial structure with the two-stage resonator system is far superior to that of traditional metamaterial structures. This invention sets up a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial at the assembly connection interface. By setting the parameters of the two-stage resonator system of the unit cell in the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, the band structure morphology under different parameters is obtained. The band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial covers the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal, thereby realizing the identification of the resonant mode at the assembly interface and ultrawideband vibration isolation and reduction. This can improve the vibration isolation and reduction performance of the assembly connection structure under complex service conditions, effectively ensuring the overall performance of high-end equipment such as aero-engines and high-speed train motors. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a bolt connection;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram of a metamaterial structure with a two-stage resonator system;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the band structure of a metamaterial with a two-stage resonator system;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the NMDz diagram corresponding to the metamaterial band structure with a two-stage resonator system;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the evolution of the bandgap due to parameter control in the second-stage resonator system.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the bandgap evolution of the first-stage resonator system based on parameter tuning.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a diagram of a double-layer, multi-functional metamaterial vibration isolation / damping array structure;

[0029] Figure 8 This is an application diagram of metamaterial vibration isolation devices;

[0030] Among them, 1 is the upper assembly, 2 is the lower assembly, 3 is the bolt and nut, 4 is the metal base frame, 5 is the secondary resonator mass block, 6 is the secondary resonator elastic element, 7 is the primary resonator mass block, 8 is the primary resonator elastic element, 9 is the second layer of multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, 10 is the first layer of multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, and 11 is the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial embedded in the assembly interface. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0032] See Figure 8 The present invention provides a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Establish the cell structure of a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial with a two-stage resonator system, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the structure includes a metal matrix frame 4 and a double-stage resonator system disposed on the metal matrix frame 4. A cross-section of the metal matrix frame 4 is a prism with a "hui" (Chinese character for "return") shape, and there are 5 square through-holes with a length of 1.5 mm and a width of 0.5 mm evenly distributed around the prism. The double-stage resonator system includes a primary resonator system and a secondary resonator system. Each resonator system includes an elastic element and a mass block. Specifically, the primary resonator system includes a primary resonator mass block 7 and a primary resonator elastic element 8, and the secondary resonator system includes a secondary resonator mass block 5 and a secondary resonator elastic element 6. The primary resonator elastic element 8 is a cylinder with a circular cross-section, and the primary resonator mass block 7 is a cylinder. The secondary resonator elastic element 6 is a cube with a square cross-section and a removed circle in the middle, and the secondary resonator mass block 5 is a cylinder with a circular cross-section. The secondary resonator elastic element 6 is disposed on the metal matrix frame 4, the secondary resonator mass block 5 is disposed on the secondary resonator elastic element 6, the primary resonator elastic element 8 is disposed within the circle of the secondary resonator mass block 5, and the primary resonator mass block 7 is disposed within the circle of the primary resonator elastic element 8.

[0034] The metal matrix frame 4 is made of aluminum alloy material, and its Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density are respectively: 7.76×10 10 Pa, 0.352 kg / m 3 and 2730 kg / m 3 , the primary resonator elastic element 8 and the secondary resonator elastic element 6 are made of polyurethane material, and its Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density are respectively: ३×10 5 Pa, 0.49 kg / m 3 and 1050 kg / m 3 , the primary resonator mass block 7 and the secondary resonator mass block 5 use lead as the material, and its Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density are respectively: 4.08×10 10 Pa, 0.369 kg / m 3 and 11600 kg / m 3 .

[0035] (2) Place the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial on the assembly interface. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial consists of two layers. A piezoelectric ceramic sensor is attached to the surface of the first-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial 10 to monitor the vibration signal during the service process of the high-end equipment assembly interface in real time; at the same time, the piezoelectric ceramic sensor can output the vibration signal in real time, and the measurement error is between ±1%, and this vibration signal can be displayed on the monitor in real time.

[0036] The first layer and the second layer of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial have lengths, widths, and heights of 10 mm, 10 mm, and 1 mm respectively. Each layer of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial includes three materials: polyurethane, lead, and aluminum alloy.

[0037] (3) Based on the vibration signal collected by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor, the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal is determined. By changing the values ​​of the radius of the first-level resonator mass block and the inner and outer diameters of the second-level resonator mass block in the dual-level resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial 9, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin band structure covers the resonant frequency range of the vibration signal, thereby realizing the design of the structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial for the assembly interface and realizing ultra-wide frequency range vibration isolation for the assembly connection interface of high-end equipment.

[0038] Specifically, by changing the values ​​of the radius of the first-stage resonator mass block and the inner and outer diameters of the second-stage resonator mass block in the bi-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial 9, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin bandgap structure covers the resonant frequency band of the vibration signal, thereby realizing the design of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial structure for the assembly interface, including the following steps:

[0039] When the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block is 0.25 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block is 0.5 mm, the variation of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block is tested. For the variation of the vibration isolation bandgap, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 .

[0040] When the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block is 4.125 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block is R2 = R1 + 0.25 mm, the variation of the vibration isolation bandgap of the metamaterial structure under different values ​​of the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block is tested. For the variation of the vibration isolation bandgap, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 .

[0041] according to Figure 5 and Figure 6 By altering the values ​​of the radius of the first-stage resonator mass block and the inner and outer diameters of the second-stage resonator mass block in the bi-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin bandgap structure is ensured to cover the resonant frequency band of the vibration signal. This allows for the determination of the structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial used for assembly interfaces, enabling ultra-wideband vibration isolation of the assembly connection interface of high-end equipment.

[0042] (4) The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial with the structure determined in step (3) is arranged in a periodic array as a unit. The number of arrays is determined according to the size of the actual assembly interface, thereby realizing the design of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial for the assembly interface.

[0043] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 The image shows a periodic array of 5 units in two directions on the horizontal plane.

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] See Figure 1 Taking the most common bolted connection structure as the application object, the bolted connection structure includes an upper assembly 1 and a lower assembly 2, which are connected by bolts and nuts 3. A multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial 11 embedded in the assembly interface is used as the intermediate layer of the bolted connection interface, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0046] (1) Establish a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial structure with a two-stage resonator system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the structure includes a metal matrix frame 4, wherein each two-stage resonator system comprises a first-stage resonator system and a second-stage resonator system. Each stage resonator system includes an elastic element and a mass block. The metal matrix frame 4 is made of aluminum alloy, the elastic element is made of polyurethane, and the mass block is made of lead.

[0047] A periodic symmetry condition was set for a multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial structure with a two-stage resonator system, and a frequency sweep was performed in the first Brillouin zone to obtain the band structure diagram of the structure as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the band gap of the band structure is easily opened. The NMDz plot of this metamaterial structure is obtained by extracting the average out-of-plane displacement at different frequencies. (See attached image). Figure 4 This allows for the acquisition of an out-of-plane wave low-frequency ultrawide bandwidth of 104-364Hz, indicating that the structure has extremely low energy transmission performance in the 104-364Hz range, thus achieving the effect of vibration isolation / damping.

[0048] (2) The parameters of the metamaterial-structured two-stage resonator system are adjusted, and the bandgap range of the band structure is extracted to obtain the bandgap diagrams of the two-stage resonator system under different parameters, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, by adjusting different parameters, the bandgap exhibits switching characteristics and can be used as a logic gate to realize the opening and closing of the bandgap in a mechanical structure. The first-stage resonator mass block is designed with a radius R1 of 0.25 mm, and the second-stage resonator mass block has an inner diameter R2 of 0.5 mm and an outer diameter R3 of 3.5 mm. Figure 7 As shown. Finally, this double-layer ultrathin metamaterial array structure was placed in the middle layer of the assembly interface and uniformly fixed using bolts, as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0049] This invention utilizes the switching characteristics of multifunctional metamaterials to regulate the parameters of the second-stage resonator system corresponding to different switching frequencies. The resonant frequency is then identified by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor output signal of the metamaterial resonator, thus clarifying the vibration isolation frequency band of the mating surface. Based on the vibration isolation frequency band of the assembly interface, the parameters of the two-stage resonator system are synergistically regulated to form an ultra-wide vibration isolation bandgap and switching bandgap within a specific low-frequency range. This invention, by regulating specific parameters of the multi-layered vibration isolation metamaterial at the assembly interface, can achieve resonant frequency identification and ultra-wideband vibration isolation at the assembly connection interface, improving the energy loss capacity of the assembly interface and effectively ensuring the dynamic connection performance of various components in high-end equipment such as rocket engines, high-end machine tools, ships, and submarines.

[0050] The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and variations in its specific structure are permitted. All variations made within the scope of the independent claims of the present invention are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Claims

1. A multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Set the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial on the assembly interface. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial includes two connected layers, and a piezoelectric ceramic sensor is attached to the surface of the first-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial. Among them, the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial has a dual-stage resonator system. According to the vibration signals collected by the piezoelectric ceramic sensor, judge the resonance frequency band range of the vibration signals. By adjusting the parameters of the dual-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, make the band gap of the energy band structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial cover the resonance frequency band range of the vibration signals, so as to determine the structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial. The dual-stage resonator system includes a primary resonator system and a secondary resonator system. The primary resonator system includes a primary resonator mass block (7) and a primary resonator elastic element (8). The secondary resonator system includes a secondary resonator mass block (5) and a secondary resonator elastic element (6). The secondary resonator elastic element (6) is arranged on the metal matrix frame (4), the secondary resonator mass block (5) is arranged on the secondary resonator elastic element (6), the primary resonator elastic element (8) is arranged on the secondary resonator mass block (5), and the primary resonator mass block (7) is arranged on the primary resonator elastic element (8). Make the band gap of the energy band structure of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial cover the resonance frequency band range of the vibration signals through the following process: When the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block is 0.25 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block is 0.5 mm, test the change of the vibration isolation band gap of the metamaterial structure under different values of the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block. When the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block is 4.125 mm and the inner diameter R2 of the secondary resonator mass block satisfies R2 = R1 + 0.25 mm, test the change of the vibration isolation band gap of the metamaterial structure under different values of the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block. According to the change of the vibration isolation band gap of the metamaterial structure under different values of the outer diameter R3 of the secondary resonator mass block and the change of the vibration isolation band gap of the metamaterial structure under different values of the radius R1 of the primary resonator mass block, change the values of the radius of the primary resonator mass block and the inner and outer diameters of the secondary resonator mass block in the dual-stage resonator system of the second-layer multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial, so that the band gap of the multifunctional ultrathin energy band structure covers the resonance frequency band range of the vibration signals.

2. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: Take the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial with a determined structure as a unit and perform periodic array arrangement. The number of arrays is determined according to the size of the actual assembly interface, so as to realize the design of the multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial for the assembly interface.

3. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-stage resonator system includes a metal matrix frame (4) and a dual-stage resonator system arranged on the metal matrix frame (4).

4. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, A cross-section of the metal matrix frame (4) is a prism with a square frame shape, and a number of square through holes are evenly distributed around the prism.

5. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary resonator elastic element (8) is a column with a circular ring cross-section, the primary resonator mass block (7) is a cylinder, the secondary resonator elastic element (6) is a cube with a square cross-section and a removed circle in the middle, and the secondary resonator mass block (5) is a cylinder with a circular ring cross-section.

6. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The primary resonator elastic element (8) is set inside the ring of the secondary resonator mass block (5), and the primary resonator mass block (7) is set inside the ring of the primary resonator elastic element (8).

7. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal matrix frame (4) is made of aluminum alloy, the primary resonator elastic element (8) and the secondary resonator elastic element (6) are made of polyurethane, and the primary resonator mass block (7) and the secondary resonator mass block (5) are made of lead.

8. The multifunctional ultrathin metamaterial design method for assembly interfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density of the aluminum alloy are 7.76 × 10⁻⁶. 10 Pa, 0.352 kg / m 3 and 2730 kg / m 3 The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density of the polyurethane material are 3 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Pa, 0.49 kg / m 3 and 1050 kg / m 3 .

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