Quartz brick cutting device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a quartz brick cutting device and method, and relates to the technical field of cutting devices. Aiming at the problems of pore collapse, surface edge breakage and water permeability reduction caused by the fact that a porous water-permeable quartz brick is easily influenced by mechanical vibration and thermal stress in a cutting process, the invention accidentally finds that the quartz brick is firstly immersed in water, subjected to ultrasonic constant-temperature infiltration treatment, then taken out, drained off surface moisture, clamped, fixed and calibrated in a cutting position; and then layered cutting is conducted, pause is conducted after each layer is cut, stress is released, the cutting speed is adjusted, finally clamping is relieved, and the quartz bricks are taken out. Through infiltration pretreatment of the quartz brick and layered cutting, damage to a pore structure of the quartz brick in the cutting process is reduced, so that good water permeability and structural strength of the quartz brick are kept. The cutting quality of the porous water-permeable quartz brick can be effectively improved, the original excellent performance of the porous water-permeable quartz brick is kept, and the mechanical property and the water permeability of the cut quartz brick are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of quartz cutting, and in particular relates to a quartz brick cutting device and method. Background Art

[0002] Porous permeable quartz bricks are widely used in sponge city construction and landscape paving due to their excellent permeability, compressive strength and environmental protection. However, their internal porous structure is easily affected by mechanical vibration and thermal stress during the cutting process, resulting in pore collapse, surface collapse and decreased permeability, which seriously restricts the efficient application of the material.

[0003] The traditional quartz tile cutting method usually uses a high-speed rotating cutting tool to directly cut the tile body. Although this method has a high cutting efficiency, due to the large number of pores inside the quartz tile, it is easily affected by mechanical vibration and thermal stress during the cutting process, resulting in pore collapse, surface edge collapse, and even cracks, thereby reducing the permeability and structural strength of the quartz tile, seriously restricting its application range. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a quartz brick cutting device and method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a quartz brick cutting method for cutting porous permeable quartz bricks, comprising the following steps: S1. Immerse the quartz brick in water and perform ultrasonic constant temperature infiltration treatment; S2. Take out the soaked quartz brick and drain the surface water; S3, clamp and fix the drained quartz brick and calibrate the cutting position; S4, cutting the clamped quartz bricks in layers, pausing after each layer cutting to release stress and adjust the cutting speed; S5. After cutting is completed, release the clamping and take out the quartz brick.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the immersion time is 6-15 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled to be 30-50° C., and ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20-40 kHz are used to assist the penetration.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the layered cutting in step S4 includes surface layer cutting, middle layer cutting and bottom layer cutting, wherein: The surface layer cutting depth is 5-15mm, and the cutting speed is 50-100mm / min; The cutting depth of the middle layer is 10-25mm, and the cutting speed is 150-200mm / min; The bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness, and the cutting speed is 250-300mm / min.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the cutting process of step S4, the cutting tool is cooled by spraying coolant, and the debris generated during the cutting process is blown away by high-pressure gas.

[0009] Another technical solution provided by the present invention is a quartz brick cutting device, based on the above-mentioned cutting method, used for cutting porous permeable quartz bricks, comprising: The base assembly includes a frame, an infiltration station arranged on one side of the frame, a cutting station arranged on the other side of the frame, and a guide rail penetrating the frame; The infiltration assembly is arranged at the infiltration station, and includes an infiltration tank, an ultrasonic generator arranged at the bottom of the infiltration tank, a constant temperature heater embedded in the inner wall of the infiltration tank, and a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the infiltration tank; A transfer assembly, comprising a translation mechanism disposed on the guide rail and a picking mechanism disposed on the translation mechanism, for transferring the quartz brick from the infiltration station to the cutting station; A clamping assembly, arranged at the cutting station, for clamping the quartz brick; A cutting assembly is arranged at a cutting station, and comprises a three-axis moving mechanism and a cutting tool installed on the three-axis moving mechanism; Auxiliary components, arranged at the cutting station, including a spray mechanism and a chip removal mechanism; The control unit is connected with the infiltration component, the transport component, the clamping component, the cutting component and the auxiliary component by signals.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration water tank is a rectangular tank body, a supporting platform for placing quartz bricks is provided at the bottom, and V-shaped guide ribs are provided on the inner wall; through holes and upwardly protruding support rods are arranged in an array on the supporting platform; the top of the support rod is arc-shaped and used to support the quartz bricks.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutting tool includes a diamond circular saw blade and a driving motor for driving the diamond circular saw blade; the diamond circular saw blade is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor through a flange.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diamond circular saw blade has a tooth pitch of 6-12 mm and a tooth height of 15-35 mm; a chip removal groove is provided between adjacent teeth, and an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove is provided on the diamond circular saw blade.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes a hydraulic clamping table and a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder group. The bidirectional hydraulic cylinder group includes a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a rotary hydraulic cylinder; an L-shaped clamping plate is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, which is used to clamp the quartz brick from the side; the inner side of the L-shaped clamping plate has a rubber buffer layer; the output shaft of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is connected to the rotary shaft to drive the rotary shaft to rotate; a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft to press the quartz brick, and the bottom surface of the pressing plate is provided with a grid-like convex pattern.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spray mechanism is arranged above the cutting tool, including a water tank, a nozzle and a water pipe connecting the water tank and the nozzle; the nozzle sprays coolant toward the cutting tool to cool the saw blade and wash away debris; the chip removal mechanism includes air nozzle brackets arranged in pairs on both sides of the cutting station and high-pressure air nozzles installed on the air nozzle brackets; the high-pressure air nozzle is connected to the air pump through an air pipe.

[0015] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects: (1) The quartz cutting device and method provided by the present invention reduces the damage to the pore structure of the quartz brick during the cutting process by pre-treating the quartz brick with infiltration and adopting layered cutting, thereby maintaining the good water permeability and structural strength of the quartz brick.

[0016] (2) Before cutting the quartz bricks, water is pre-treated to allow water to penetrate into the pores of the quartz bricks, which plays a lubricating and buffering role during the cutting process, reducing the friction and heat generation between the cutting tool and the quartz brick material, and reducing the surface roughness. Compared with the existing technology, the water permeability retention rate of the cut quartz bricks is higher, which can better meet the needs of practical applications and effectively reduce the pore collapse caused by stress, heat, etc. generated by cutting.

[0017] (3) The layered cutting method is adopted to reduce the instantaneous impact and stress concentration during the cutting process, avoid the concentrated shearing of the pore wall by stress concentration, and reduce the damage to the pore structure of the quartz brick. Compared with the existing technology, the compressive strength loss rate of the quartz brick after cutting is lower, and its structural strength can be better maintained. Through the multi-stage, low-impact cutting process, the stress is gradually released, reducing the direct impact on the pore structure.

[0018] (4) The infiltration pretreatment step can reduce the cutting force, thereby reducing the structural damage of the quartz tile caused by the cutting parameters; the impact can be reduced by layered cutting, which can ensure the cutting efficiency while protecting the pore structure inside the brick body, avoiding the collapse of the pores caused by the stress and heat generated by the cutting; the support of water on the pore wall can reduce the expansion of microcracks during the cutting process, thereby improving the overall strength of the quartz tile after cutting. The two work together to improve the water permeability and structural strength of the quartz tile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a quartz tile cutting method; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of layered cutting; Figure 3 is a top view of a quartz tile cutting device; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a quartz brick cutting device; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wetted component; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting tool; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a diamond circular saw blade; In the figure: 100, base assembly; 110, frame; 111, transverse support beam; 112, longitudinal support beam; 120, immersion station; 130, cutting station; 140, guide rail; 200, immersion assembly; 210, immersion tank; 211, support platform; 212, V-shaped guide rib; 213, interlayer; 214, through hole; 215, support rod; 230, lifting mechanism; 231, cylinder; 232, lifting rod; 240, ultrasonic generator; 250, constant temperature heater; 300, transfer assembly; 310, translation mechanism; 320, picking mechanism; 321, pneumatic clamp; 322, limit block; 3 23. Driving cylinder; 400. Clamping assembly; 410. Hydraulic clamping table; 420. Bidirectional hydraulic cylinder group; 421. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder; 422. L-shaped clamping plate; 425. Rotating hydraulic cylinder; 426. Rotating axis; 427. Pressing plate; 500. Cutting assembly; 510. Three-axis moving mechanism; 520. Cutting tool; 521. Diamond circular saw blade; 522. Saw teeth; 523. Chip removal groove; 524. Arc-shaped heat dissipation groove; 525. Driving motor; 600. Auxiliary assembly; 610. Spraying mechanism; 611. Nozzle; 612. Water pipe; 620. Chip removal mechanism; 621. Air nozzle bracket; 622. High-pressure air nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0024] Application Overview: The present invention relates to a precision cutting method for porous permeable quartz bricks. Porous permeable quartz bricks are widely used in sponge city construction and landscape paving due to their unique high porosity and excellent permeability. However, the complex pore network inside them is easily damaged by mechanical vibration and thermal stress in traditional cutting processes, resulting in pore collapse, surface edge collapse and significant decrease in permeability.

[0025] The traditional cutting method uses high-speed tools for direct cutting. Although it is highly efficient, the instantaneous load is concentrated and the friction heat accumulates seriously, resulting in damage to the pore wall. It was unexpectedly discovered that pore damage can be significantly reduced by combining infiltration pretreatment with layered cutting. Specifically, there are a large number of pores inside the porous permeable quartz brick. During the infiltration process, water molecules penetrate into the pores to form an extremely thin liquid film. The liquid film forms a boundary lubrication layer between the tool and the quartz brick, reducing the solid contact area. Boundary lubrication can significantly reduce the friction coefficient. After infiltration, the water in the pores forms a liquid skeleton. Under the action of the cutting force, the water disperses the stress through flow, avoiding the instantaneous collapse of the pore wall, and absorbing part of the mechanical vibration energy. Further combined with layered cutting, the damage to the pore structure of the quartz brick during the cutting process is reduced, thereby maintaining the good permeability and structural strength of the quartz brick.

[0026] Exemplary methods: like Figure 1 As shown, a quartz brick cutting method is used to cut porous permeable quartz bricks, comprising the following steps: S1. Immerse the quartz brick in water and perform ultrasonic constant temperature infiltration treatment; S2. Take out the soaked quartz brick and drain the surface water; S3, clamp and fix the drained quartz brick and calibrate the cutting position; S4, cutting the clamped quartz bricks in layers, pausing after each layer cutting to release stress and adjust the cutting speed; S5. After the cutting is completed, the clamping is released and the quartz brick is taken out.

[0027] The above method reduces stress concentration and vibration during the cutting process by infiltrating the quartz tile, adopting layered cutting and cooling / chip removal assistance, thereby protecting the porous structure of the quartz tile and ensuring that the cut quartz tile can still maintain good water permeability and structural strength.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S1, the immersion time is 6-15 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 30-50°C, and ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 20-40kHz is used to assist the penetration.

[0029] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the layered cutting in step S4 includes surface layer cutting, middle layer cutting and bottom layer cutting, which can reduce the instantaneous impact and stress concentration during the cutting process and reduce the damage to the pore structure; by removing materials in stages and gradually releasing stress, the risk of pore collapse and surface edge collapse can be reduced. Among them: The surface layer cutting depth is 5-15mm, and the cutting speed is 50-100mm / min; The cutting depth of the middle layer is 10-25mm, and the cutting speed is 150-200mm / min; The bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness, and the cutting speed is 250-300mm / min.

[0030] Furthermore, during the cutting process of step S4, the cutting tool is cooled by spraying coolant to reduce the damage to the pore structure caused by thermal stress; the cutting tool and the surface of the quartz brick are lubricated to reduce friction; and the debris is washed away to keep the cutting area clean. In addition, high-pressure gas is used to blow away the debris generated during the cutting process to prevent the debris from accumulating in the cutting area and affecting the cutting effect, and to reduce the secondary damage of the debris to the pore structure.

[0031] Exemplary devices: like Figure 3-7 As shown, a quartz brick cutting device is used to cut porous permeable quartz bricks, comprising: The base assembly 100 comprises: The frame 110 is composed of a transverse support beam 111 and a longitudinal support beam 112 that are fixedly connected.

[0032] The wetting station 120 is located at one end of the frame 110 .

[0033] The cutting station 130 is located at the other end of the frame 110 .

[0034] The guide rails 140 are arranged parallel to both sides of the frame body 110 along the length direction of the frame body 110 .

[0035] The infiltration assembly 200 is disposed on the infiltration station 120 and includes: The infiltration tank 210 is placed on the top of the infiltration station 120, and a supporting platform 211 for placing quartz bricks is provided at the bottom.

[0036] The lifting mechanism 230 includes a cylinder 231 and a lifting rod 232. Both ends of the lifting rod 232 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support platform 211 and the piston rod of the cylinder 231 respectively.

[0037] The transfer assembly 300 is disposed on the infiltration station 120 and includes: The translation mechanism 310 spans across the base assembly 100 and is slidably connected to the guide rail 140 .

[0038] The picking mechanism 320 is mounted on the translation mechanism 310 and is used to grab and release the quartz brick.

[0039] The clamping assembly 400 is disposed on the cutting station 130 and is used to clamp the quartz brick.

[0040] The cutting assembly 500 is disposed on the cutting station 130 and includes: The three-axis moving mechanism 510 spans across the base assembly 100 and is slidably connected to the guide rail 140, including an X-axis slide, a Y-axis slide, and a Z-axis slide.

[0041] The cutting tool 520 is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis slide.

[0042] The auxiliary component 600 is disposed on the cutting station 130 and includes: The spray mechanism 610 is used to cool the cutting tool 520 .

[0043] The control unit is signal-connected to the infiltration component 200, the transport component 300, the clamping component 400, the cutting component 500 and the auxiliary component 600, and is used to control the infiltration process, the transport process, the clamping process, the cutting process, as well as the cooling and chip removal.

[0044] The above-mentioned quartz brick cutting device pre-treats the quartz brick through the infiltration station 120, and fully fills the pores inside the quartz brick with water molecules, thereby effectively reducing the risk of deformation or damage of the pore structure caused by vibration and impact in the subsequent cutting process, and ensuring the water permeability and structural strength of the quartz brick. At the same time, the device provides stable support through the base component 100, the transfer component 300 realizes automatic transfer, the clamping component 400 provides firm fixation, the cutting component 500 realizes precise cutting, and the auxiliary component 600 assists the cutting process, together achieving the cutting goal of high efficiency, precision and effective protection of the pore structure of the quartz brick, and is particularly suitable for the cutting processing of permeable quartz bricks with high requirements for pore structure.

[0045] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the infiltration tank 210 is a rectangular tank body, with a support platform 211 for placing quartz bricks at the bottom, a V-shaped guide rib 212 on the inner wall, and a sandwich 213 on the side wall. The infiltration assembly 200 also includes an ultrasonic generator 240 and a constant temperature heater 250. The ultrasonic generator 240 is fixed to the bottom of the infiltration tank 210, and the constant temperature heater 250 is embedded in the sandwich 213. The V-shaped guide rib 212 is used to guide the water flow and improve the infiltration efficiency. The sandwich 213 is used to accommodate the constant temperature heater and provide a good thermal insulation effect.

[0046] The ultrasonic generator 240 includes a transducer that converts electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy and a power amplifier that provides high-frequency electrical energy and drives the transducer to work. The ultrasonic generator 240 uses ultrasonic waves to generate cavitation effect in water, so that water molecules penetrate into the pores of the quartz brick.

[0047] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the support platform 211 is provided with an array of through holes 214 penetrating the support platform 211 and support rods 215 protruding and extending upward.

[0048] The through holes 214 have a diameter of 5-25 mm and a spacing of 15-50 mm, allowing water to penetrate from the bottom, and the support rods reduce the contact surface between the quartz brick and the platform. The support rods 215 have a height of 10-30 mm and an arc-shaped top, which are used to support the quartz brick to prevent it from directly contacting the support platform and allow water to circulate at the bottom of the quartz brick. The support platform 211 accelerates the infiltration speed and improves the infiltration uniformity through the through holes 214 and the support rods 215.

[0049] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 , the cutting tool 520 includes a diamond circular saw blade 521 and a driving motor 525 for driving the diamond circular saw blade 521. The diamond circular saw blade 521 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor 525 through a flange. The driving motor 525 is a servo motor that can achieve speed control and positioning. The cutting tool 520 drives the diamond circular saw blade 521 to rotate at a high speed through the driving motor 525, and controls the cutting trajectory through the three-axis moving mechanism 510 to achieve cutting of the quartz brick.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the saw teeth 522 of the diamond circular saw blade 521 have a pitch of 6-12 mm and a tooth height of 15-35 mm. The smaller pitch and higher tooth height increase the contact points with the quartz brick material during the cutting process, achieve a smoother cutting surface, reduce the generation of chipping and burrs, and better protect the pore structure, especially when cutting porous materials.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a chip groove 523 is provided between adjacent saw teeth 522. The chip groove 523 provides a space for storing and guiding the removal of chips. By removing the chips in time, the friction between the saw blade and the quartz brick material can be reduced.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the diamond circular saw blade 521 is provided with an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove 524. The arc-shaped heat dissipation groove 524 can promote air flow on the surface of the saw blade, take away heat, and improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0053] like Figure 4As shown, the picking mechanism 320 includes a pneumatic clamp 321, a limit block 322 arranged at the end of the pneumatic clamp 321, and a driving cylinder 323 for driving the pneumatic clamp 321 to open and close. A rubber pad is provided on the inner side of the pneumatic clamp 321 to increase friction and prevent the quartz tile from sliding. The limit block 322 is used to limit the clamping position of the pneumatic clamp 321 to ensure the accuracy of grasping. The driving cylinder 323 adopts a double-acting cylinder, which can achieve fast and stable opening and closing actions. The picking mechanism 320 controls the opening and closing of the pneumatic clamp 321 through the driving cylinder 323 to clamp or release the quartz tile. The limit block 322 ensures the accuracy of the clamping position.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the clamping assembly 400 includes a hydraulic clamping table 410 and a two-way hydraulic cylinder group 420. The two-way hydraulic cylinder group 420 includes a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 421 and a rotary hydraulic cylinder 425. An L-shaped clamping plate 422 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 421, which is used to clamp the quartz brick from the side. The inner side of the L-shaped clamping plate 422 has a rubber buffer layer. The output shaft of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 425 is connected to a rotary shaft 426 to drive the rotary shaft 426 to rotate. A pressing plate 427 is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft 426 for pressing the quartz brick, and a grid-like convex pattern is provided on the bottom surface of the pressing plate 427.

[0055] The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 421 pushes the L-shaped clamping plate 422 to clamp the quartz brick from the side, and the rubber buffer layer therein protects the surface of the quartz brick and prevents damage. The rotary hydraulic cylinder 425 drives the rotating shaft 426 to rotate; the rotating shaft 426 drives the pressing plate 427 to rotate downward, and the bottom surface of the pressing plate 427 presses the upper surface of the quartz brick; the grid-like convex pattern therein increases the friction force and improves the clamping stability. Through the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 421 and the rotary hydraulic cylinder 425, multi-point clamping is achieved, which can more evenly disperse the clamping force and reduce the local stress concentration on the quartz brick, especially when cutting larger or irregularly shaped quartz bricks, it can provide a more stable clamping effect.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, the spray mechanism 610 is disposed above the cutting tool 520, and includes a water tank, a nozzle 611, and a water pipe 612 connecting the water tank and the nozzle 611. The nozzle 611 sprays coolant toward the diamond circular saw blade 521 to cool the saw blade and flush away debris.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary assembly 600 further includes a chip removal mechanism 620. The chip removal mechanism 620 includes air nozzle brackets 621 arranged in pairs on both sides of the cutting station 130 and high-pressure air nozzles 622 installed on the air nozzle brackets 621. The high-pressure air nozzles 622 are connected to the air pump through an air pipe.

[0058] The nozzle bracket 621 can adjust the spray angle of the nozzle. The high-pressure nozzle 622 uses a nozzle with adjustable flow rate, which can adjust the airflow intensity according to different cutting requirements. The air pump provides high-pressure gas to blow away the debris generated during the cutting process. The chip removal mechanism 620 generates high-pressure gas through the air pump and transports it to the high-pressure nozzle 622 through the air pipe. The high-pressure nozzle 622 sprays the gas onto the quartz brick to blow away the debris.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A quartz brick cutting method for cutting porous permeable quartz bricks comprises the following steps: S1. Immerse the quartz brick in water and perform ultrasonic constant temperature infiltration treatment; S2. Take out the soaked quartz brick and drain the surface water; S3, clamp and fix the drained quartz brick and calibrate the cutting position; S4, cutting the clamped quartz bricks in layers, pausing after each layer cutting to release stress and adjust the cutting speed; S5. After cutting is completed, release the clamping and take out the quartz brick.

[0061] in: In S1, the immersion time was 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature was controlled at 50°C, and ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20 kHz were used to assist the penetration.

[0062] In S4, a 300 mm diamond circular saw blade 521 is used for cutting, and the pitch of the saw teeth 522 is 6 mm and the tooth height is 15 mm. The surface layer cutting depth is 5 mm and the cutting speed is 50 mm / min; the middle layer cutting depth is 15 mm and the cutting speed is 150 mm / min; the bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness and the cutting speed is 250 mm / min. The spray coolant flow rate is 5 L / min and the temperature is 20°C. The high-pressure air nozzle has a chip removal pressure of 0.6 MPa and an angle of 45°.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this example is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50° C., and ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 28 kHz is used to assist penetration.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this example is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50° C., and ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 40 kHz is used to assist penetration.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] Different from Example 1, the diamond circular saw blade 521 used in S4 in this embodiment has a saw tooth 522 with a pitch of 9 mm and a tooth height of 25 mm. The surface layer cutting depth of S4 is 5 mm and the cutting speed is 50 mm / min; the middle layer cutting depth is 10 mm and the cutting speed is 200 mm / min; the bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness and the cutting speed is 300 mm / min.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this embodiment is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50°C, and an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 28kHz is used to assist penetration. The diamond circular saw blade 521 used in S4 has a tooth pitch of 9mm and a tooth height of 25mm. The surface layer cutting depth of S4 is 5mm and the cutting speed is 50mm / min; the middle layer cutting depth is 10mm and the cutting speed is 200mm / min; the bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness and the cutting speed is 300mm / min.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this embodiment is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50°C, and an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 40kHz is used to assist penetration. S4 uses a diamond circular saw blade 521, the tooth pitch of the saw teeth 522 is 9mm, the tooth height is 25mm, and the surface layer cutting depth of S4 is 5mm, the cutting speed is 50mm / min; the middle layer cutting depth is 10mm, the cutting speed is 200mm / min; the bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness, and the cutting speed is 300mm / min.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] Different from the embodiment 1, the diamond circular saw blade 521 adopted in S4 of the present embodiment has a saw tooth 522 with a pitch of 12 mm and a tooth height of 35 mm; the cutting method is single-layer cutting at a speed of 250 mm / min.

[0075] Example 8

[0076] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this example is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50°C, and an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 28kHz is used to assist the penetration. S4 uses a diamond circular saw blade 521, the saw teeth 522 have a pitch of 12mm, and a tooth height of 35mm; the cutting method is single-layer cutting, and the speed is 250mm / min.

[0077] Example 9

[0078] Different from Example 1, the immersion time of S1 in this example is 8 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 50°C, and an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 40kHz is used to assist the penetration. S4 uses a diamond circular saw blade 521, the saw teeth 522 have a pitch of 12mm, and a tooth height of 35mm; the cutting method is single-layer cutting, and the speed is 250mm / min.

[0079] Experimental Example 1 (i) Sample: A porous permeable quartz brick sample with a size of 300×300×30 mm, an initial porosity of 20±2%, a water permeability coefficient of 0.5±0.1 cm / s, and a clean surface without damage.

[0080] (ii) Ultrasonic immersion treatment: The quartz bricks were immersed in a 50°C constant temperature water tank with an ultrasonic generator installed at the bottom of the water tank. The immersion time was set to 8 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency was adjusted according to the experimental grouping (20kHz, 28kHz, 40kHz).

[0081] (iii) Cutting parameter settings: standard stratification is surface layer (5mm, 50mm / min), middle layer (15mm, 150mm / min), bottom layer (remaining thickness, 250mm / min); optimized stratification is surface layer (5mm, 50mm / min), middle layer (10mm, 200mm / min), bottom layer (remaining thickness, 300mm / min); single layer cutting to full thickness (250mm / min). Spray coolant flow rate 5L / min, temperature 20℃. High-pressure air nozzle chip removal pressure 0.6MPa, angle 45°.

[0082] The samples are grouped and cut as shown in the following table: Table 1 Cutting sample grouping

[0083] The control group was uncut original bricks with a porosity of 20.1% and a water permeability of 0.52 cm / s. Each group was repeated 5 times and the average value was taken. The change in pore volume before and after cutting was measured by the gas expansion method (ASTM D4404), which was recorded as the porosity ΔP; the water permeability was tested according to the ISO17892-11 standard and compared with the original bricks, which was recorded as the water permeability retention rate R; the cut surface was measured using a white light interferometer (sampling length 0.8 mm) to obtain the surface roughness Ra; the compressive strength of the brick body after cutting was tested according to the GB / T 2542 standard, and the compressive strength loss rate was calculated; the proportion of connected pore volume was analyzed using micro-CT scanning (resolution 5 μm) to obtain pore connectivity. The group cutting results are shown in the following table: Table 2 Cutting data results

[0084] Control group: ΔP = 0%, R = 100%, Ra = 2.1 μm, edge collapse rate = 0%, compressive strength loss rate = 0%, pore connectivity = 96%.

[0085] The water permeability retention rate R reflects the degree of water permeability retention of quartz tiles after cutting, and the original tile is 100%. In the optimized layered cutting group, when the ultrasonic frequency increased from 20kHz to 28kHz, the R value increased significantly from 95% to 105%, the water penetration efficiency was improved, and the pore structure was protected; but when the frequency was further increased to 40kHz, the R value dropped back to 90%, and high-frequency vibration would destroy the microstructure of the pore wall. In the single-layer cutting group, the R value increased from 68% to 80% with the increase of frequency, but it was still much lower than the optimized layered group. The porosity change ΔP measures the degree of damage to the pore volume caused by cutting. The optimized layered group had a ΔP of -0.5% at 28kHz, and the pores were not compressed but slightly expanded, which was related to the water supporting the pore wall; while the single-layer cutting group had a ΔP of up to +7.0% at 20kHz, and a large number of pores collapsed due to stress concentration. The lower the surface roughness Ra and the edge collapse rate, the smoother the cutting surface. The optimized layered group has Ra=4.2μm at 28kHz, close to the 2.1μm of the original brick, while the single-layer cutting group has Ra=19.5μm at 20kHz, with serious surface edge collapse.

[0086] The water permeability retention rate R of the G5 group is 105%, the compressive strength loss rate is only 1%, and the pore connectivity is 99%. The data performance is better than other groups in all aspects. This is because the 28kHz ultrasound produces cavitation bubble density in the liquid. The shock wave released when the bubble bursts can effectively destroy the air resistance in the pores and allow water molecules to quickly penetrate into the deep pores. The water forms a continuous lubricating film in the pores, which reduces the cutting friction coefficient, reduces heat accumulation, and avoids microcracks in the pore wall caused by high-frequency vibration. Furthermore, the surface layer is cut at a low speed to eliminate the initial stress of the surface layer and avoid crack propagation; the middle layer is cut at a medium speed to remove most of the material, and the cutting temperature is controlled by spraying coolant; the bottom layer is cut at a high speed to reduce stress rebound, and each layer is paused for 10 seconds after cutting to redistribute the water in the pores, buffer subsequent impact, and significantly reduce the edge collapse rate by 0.2%. In addition, the 9mm tooth pitch ensures that the cutting force is evenly distributed to avoid excessive local pressure; the 25mm tooth height combined with the chip groove can promptly remove debris to prevent secondary friction from damaging the pore wall; the arc-shaped heat dissipation groove on the diamond saw blade accelerates air flow and cooperates with the spray coolant to control the tool temperature and avoid microcracks caused by thermal expansion, thereby maximizing the protection of the pore structure.

[0087] The water permeability retention rate R of the G7 group was 68%, the compressive strength loss rate was 23%, and the pore connectivity was 60%, and the data performance was deteriorated overall. This is because the cavitation effect of 20kHz ultrasound is weak and can only penetrate to the surface. During cutting, the deep pores lack lubrication, the tool is in direct contact with the material, the friction coefficient is high, and the local temperature rises significantly, causing thermal expansion cracks. In addition, the full-thickness cutting applies all the cutting force at one time, and the instantaneous stress exceeds the compressive strength of the pore wall, causing the pore to collapse. The lack of stress release during delamination leads to an increase in the edge collapse rate. In addition, the 12mm tooth pitch concentrates the cutting force on a few tooth tips, and the local pressure exceeds the bearing limit of the pore wall, directly crushing the pore structure; the 35mm tooth height causes debris to be retained, hindering the flow of water and aggravating frictional heat. Insufficient low-frequency penetration leads to dry friction, single-layer cutting superimposes concentrated stress, and large-pitch saw teeth amplify local damage, ultimately leading to the collapse of the pore structure.

[0088] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quartz brick cutting method for cutting porous permeable quartz bricks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Immerse the quartz brick in water and perform ultrasonic constant temperature infiltration treatment; S2. Take out the soaked quartz brick and drain the surface water; S3, clamp and fix the drained quartz brick and calibrate the cutting position; S4, cutting the clamped quartz bricks in layers, pausing after each layer cutting to release stress and adjust the cutting speed; S5. After cutting is completed, release the clamping and take out the quartz brick.

2. The cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the immersion time is 6-15 minutes, the immersion water temperature is controlled at 30-50°C, and ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 20-40kHz is used to assist the penetration.

3. The cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered cutting in step S4 includes surface layer cutting, middle layer cutting and bottom layer cutting, wherein: The surface layer cutting depth is 5-15mm, and the cutting speed is 50-100mm / min; The cutting depth of the middle layer is 10-25mm, and the cutting speed is 150-200mm / min; The bottom layer cutting depth is the remaining thickness, and the cutting speed is 250-300mm / min.

4. The cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the cutting process of step S4, the cutting tool is cooled by spraying coolant, and the debris generated during the cutting process is blown away by high-pressure gas.

5. A quartz brick cutting device, based on the cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, used for cutting porous permeable quartz bricks, characterized in that: include: A base assembly (100) comprises a frame (110), a wetting station (120) arranged on one side of the frame (110), a cutting station (130) arranged on the other side of the frame (110), and a guide rail (140) penetrating the frame (110); An infiltration assembly (200) is disposed at the infiltration station (120), comprising an infiltration tank (210), an ultrasonic generator (240) disposed at the bottom of the infiltration tank (210), a constant temperature heater (250) embedded in the inner wall of the infiltration tank (210), and a lifting mechanism (230) disposed at the bottom of the infiltration tank (210); A transfer assembly (300) comprising a translation mechanism (310) disposed on the guide rail (140) and a picking mechanism (320) disposed on the translation mechanism (310), and used for transferring the quartz brick from the infiltration station (120) to the cutting station (130); A clamping assembly (400), disposed at the cutting station (130), and used for clamping the quartz brick; A cutting assembly (500), arranged at the cutting station (130), comprising a three-axis moving mechanism (510) and a cutting tool (520) mounted on the three-axis moving mechanism (510); An auxiliary component (600), disposed at the cutting station (130), comprising a spraying mechanism (610) and a chip removal mechanism (620); A control unit is signal-connected to the infiltration component (200), the transport component (300), the clamping component (400), the cutting component (500), and the auxiliary component (600).

6. The quartz brick cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The infiltration water tank (210) is a rectangular parallelepiped tank body, with a support platform (211) for placing quartz bricks provided at the bottom, and V-shaped flow guide ribs (212) provided on the inner wall; through holes (214) and upwardly protruding support rods (215) are provided in an array on the support platform (211); the top of the support rod (215) is arc-shaped and is used to support the quartz bricks.

7. The quartz brick cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting tool (520) comprises a diamond circular saw blade (521) and a driving motor (525) for driving the diamond circular saw blade (521); the diamond circular saw blade (521) is fixed to an output shaft of the driving motor (525) via a flange.

8. The quartz brick cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The saw teeth (522) of the diamond circular saw blade (521) have a tooth pitch of 6-12 mm and a tooth height of 15-35 mm; a chip removal groove (523) is provided between adjacent saw teeth (522); and an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove (524) is provided on the diamond circular saw blade (521).

9. The quartz brick cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (400) comprises a hydraulic clamping platform (410) and a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder group (420); the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder group (420) comprises a horizontal hydraulic cylinder (421) and a rotary hydraulic cylinder (425); an L-shaped clamping plate (422) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder (421) for clamping the quartz brick from the side; the inner side of the L-shaped clamping plate (422) has a rubber buffer layer; the output shaft of the rotary hydraulic cylinder (425) is connected to a rotary shaft (426) for driving the rotary shaft (426) to rotate; a pressing plate (427) is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft (426) for pressing the quartz brick, and a grid-shaped convex pattern is provided on the bottom surface of the pressing plate (427).

10. The quartz brick cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spray mechanism (610) is arranged above the cutting tool (520), and comprises a water tank, a nozzle (611), and a water pipe (612) connecting the water tank and the nozzle (611); the nozzle (611) sprays coolant toward the cutting tool (520) to cool the saw blade and flush away debris; the chip removal mechanism (620) comprises air nozzle brackets (621) arranged in pairs on both sides of the cutting station (130) and a high-pressure air nozzle (622) mounted on the air nozzle brackets (621); the high-pressure air nozzle (622) is connected to an air pump via an air pipe.

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