Vehicle air conditioning system with light and heat defrosting function and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a vehicle air conditioning system and vehicle with a photothermal defrost function. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrost function includes a first heat exchange system and a fin heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment, a second heat exchange system, a third heat exchange system, a control module, and an infrared light source. The first heat exchange system includes a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve, and a first evaporator, which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop. The second heat exchange system includes a first internal heat exchanger, a coolant pump, and a first heat exchange section, which are sequentially connected to form a first loop. The third heat exchange system includes a refrigerant pump, a second heat exchange section, a second evaporator, and a second internal heat exchanger, which are sequentially connected to form a second loop. The fin heat exchanger includes a first fin having a carbon nanotube deposited layer, and the infrared light source is used to irradiate and heat the first fin. The vehicle air conditioning system of the present invention improves the safety of the vehicle air conditioning system and also has a strong defrost capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle air-conditioning systems, and in particular to a vehicle air-conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function. The present invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with the vehicle air-conditioning system with the photothermal defrosting function. Background Art

[0002] The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol calls for the gradual reduction and elimination of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants with high global warming potential (GWP). R290 (propane) has a GWP close to zero, significantly lower than that of traditional automotive air conditioning refrigerants such as R134a and R410A. Therefore, R290 has significant potential in addressing global climate change, meeting future demand for environmentally friendly refrigerants in automotive air conditioning and aligning with the broader trend of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0003] In addition, R290 has the following advantages: as a hydrocarbon refrigerant, it is widely available and has low acquisition costs; it has good thermodynamic properties and high refrigeration efficiency; and it has a large cooling capacity per unit volume, which helps reduce the refrigerant charge in vehicle air-conditioning systems, facilitates lightweight production of vehicles, and reduces vehicle energy consumption.

[0004] However, we also need to be concerned about the safety issues associated with using R290 as a refrigerant. As a hydrocarbon, R290 is highly flammable. Its lower flammability limit is approximately 2.1%. A gas mixture containing even a small amount of R290 is highly susceptible to combustion or explosion when exposed to a suitable ignition source. In vehicles, the refrigerant in conventional vehicle air conditioning systems passes through the interior of the vehicle. Using R290 as a refrigerant presents safety risks, impacting the safety of vehicle air conditioning systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a vehicle air-conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function to improve the safety of the vehicle air-conditioning system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function, comprising:

[0008] A first heat exchange system and a fin heat exchanger, a second heat exchange system, a third heat exchange system, a control module, and an infrared light source are arranged outside the vehicle compartment;

[0009] The first heat exchange system includes a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and a first evaporator which are sequentially connected to form a closed loop;

[0010] The second heat exchange system includes a first internal heat exchanger, a coolant pump, and a first heat exchange section that are sequentially connected to form a first loop, the first heat exchange section being in contact with the condenser and forming heat transfer, and the first internal heat exchanger being disposed in the air duct of the vehicle compartment;

[0011] The third heat exchange system includes a brine pump, a second heat exchange section, a second evaporator, and a second internal heat exchanger arranged in the air duct, which are sequentially connected to form a second circuit, wherein the second heat exchange section contacts the first evaporator and forms heat transfer;

[0012] The control module is used to control the fin heat exchanger to be connected to the first circuit or the second circuit, and to control the second internal heat exchanger to be connected to or disconnected from the second circuit; when the vehicle air-conditioning system is in a cooling state, the fin heat exchanger is connected to the first circuit and releases heat, and the second internal heat exchanger is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat; when the vehicle air-conditioning system is in a heating state, the fin heat exchanger is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat, and the second internal heat exchanger is disconnected from the second circuit;

[0013] The fin heat exchanger includes a first fin having a carbon nanotube deposition layer, and the infrared light source is used to irradiate and heat the first fin.

[0014] Furthermore, the control module includes a first control valve and a second control valve connected in series between the coolant pump and the first heat exchange section, a third control valve and a fourth control valve connected in series between the second heat exchange section and the second evaporator, and a controller communicatively connected to the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve, and the fourth control valve, respectively;

[0015] The fin heat exchanger is connected between the first control valve and the second control valve, and a third pipe is connected between the first control valve and the second control valve; the controller controls the working states of the first control valve and the second control valve to connect the fin heat exchanger to or disconnect from the first circuit;

[0016] The second internal heat exchanger is connected between the third control valve and the fourth control valve, and the fin heat exchanger is connected between the third control valve and the fourth control valve; the controller controls the working status of the third control valve and the fourth control valve so that the fin heat exchanger or the second internal heat exchanger is connected to the second circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, a first pipeline is connected between the third control valve and the fourth control valve;

[0018] The vehicle air conditioning system also has a defrost state; when the vehicle air conditioning system is in the defrost state, the first pipe is in a conducting state, the second internal heat exchanger and the fin heat exchanger are disconnected from the second circuit, and the fin heat exchanger is connected to the first circuit and releases heat.

[0019] Furthermore, a fifth control valve and a heat accumulator are sequentially connected in series between the brine pump and the second heat exchange section along the brine flow direction;

[0020] A second pipeline is connected between the fifth control valve and the second heat exchange section. The controller is in communication with the fifth control valve and controls the working state of the fifth control valve to connect the heat accumulator to or disconnect from the second circuit.

[0021] Furthermore, the heat accumulator is a phase change heat accumulator.

[0022] Furthermore, the heat accumulator is provided with a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller, which is used to collect the temperature of the phase change energy storage material in the heat accumulator. When the temperature of the phase change energy storage material reaches a threshold, the controller controls the fifth control valve to change the working state to disconnect the heat accumulator from the second circuit.

[0023] Furthermore, the carbon nanotube deposition layer is provided on both sides of the first fin;

[0024] The fin heat exchanger further includes a second fin without the carbon nanotube deposition layer, and the first fin and the second fin are alternately arranged;

[0025] The infrared light source illuminates the first fin from both sides of the first fin.

[0026] Furthermore, one side of the first fin is provided with the carbon nanotube deposition layer, and the infrared light source irradiates the side of the first fin having the carbon nanotube deposition layer.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] The vehicle air-conditioning system with a photothermal defrost function described in the present invention arranges a first heat exchange system outside the vehicle cabin. A flammable heat exchange medium such as R290 can be used in the first heat exchange system, and conventional non-flammable heat exchange mediums are used in the second and third heat exchange systems. The second heat exchange system can absorb heat from the condenser in the first heat exchange system and send the heat into the vehicle cabin or discharge it through the fin heat exchanger. The third heat exchange system can also dissipate heat from the first evaporator in the first heat exchange system and absorb heat from the vehicle cabin. While achieving cooling and heating functions, the flammable heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange system will not enter the vehicle cabin, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle air-conditioning system. At the same time, an infrared light source is arranged to irradiate the fin heat exchanger, which can accelerate the temperature rise of the fin heat exchanger and accelerate defrosting. A carbon nanotube deposition layer is arranged on the surface of the first fin, which can make the first fin have a good frost inhibition effect and extremely low adhesion. At the end of defrosting, almost no defrost water is retained, reducing the frost nucleation point in the next stage, thereby avoiding excessive performance degradation due to frosting under heating conditions.

[0029] Secondly, the control module is equipped with a controller capable of controlling the operating states of the first, second, third, and fourth control valves, facilitating rapid switching between cooling and heating modes of the vehicle air conditioning system. The first pipe is configured to simultaneously disconnect the second internal heat exchanger and the fin heat exchanger from the second circuit, preventing the second internal heat exchanger from absorbing heat from the vehicle cabin. Heat from the first heat exchange system is transferred to the fin heat exchanger, thereby heating the fin heat exchanger and defrosting it.

[0030] In addition, a fifth control valve and heat accumulator are installed to store heat during heating in the vehicle's air conditioning system and release it to the first evaporator during the defrost process. This accelerates defrosting and provides heat to the first evaporator, reducing energy consumption while also minimizing cabin temperature fluctuations during the defrost process and improving comfort. The heat accumulator utilizes a phase-change heat accumulator, which offers excellent thermal stability, low cost, ease of acquisition, and high flexibility. A temperature sensor is installed to automatically disconnect the heat accumulator from the second circuit after it has completed heat storage.

[0031] Furthermore, the alternating arrangement of first and second fins can reduce the number of first fins and lower investment costs while achieving a better defrosting effect. The first fins are provided with a carbon nanotube deposition layer on one side, which can reduce the number of first fins and lower investment costs while achieving a better defrosting effect.

[0032] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle, which is provided with the vehicle air-conditioning system with the photothermal defrosting function as described above.

[0033] Furthermore, the second evaporator is provided at least at the battery or the motor of the vehicle.

[0034] The vehicle of the present invention, by being equipped with the aforementioned vehicle air conditioning system, can use refrigerants such as R290, which contributes to vehicle lightweighting and reduced energy consumption. Furthermore, flammable refrigerants are prevented from entering the vehicle compartment, providing enhanced safety and making the vehicle safer when using the vehicle air conditioning system. Providing a second evaporator at the vehicle's battery and / or motor enables the third heat exchange system to cool the battery and / or motor, enriching the functionality of the vehicle air conditioning system. Furthermore, in the heating mode, the third heat exchange system can also supply absorbed heat to the first evaporator to improve heating stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle air-conditioning system in a cooling state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle air-conditioning system in a heating state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a vehicle air conditioning system in a defrosting state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a fin heat exchanger and an infrared light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another arrangement of the fin heat exchanger and the infrared light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the fin heat exchanger and infrared light source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 1. The first heat exchange system;

[0045] 101. Compressor; 102. Condenser; 103. Throttle valve; 104. First evaporator;

[0046] 2. Second heat exchange system;

[0047] 201, first heat exchanger; 202, coolant pump; 203, first heat exchange section; 204, third pipeline;

[0048] 3. The third heat exchange system;

[0049] 301, refrigerant pump; 302, second heat exchange section; 303, second evaporator; 304, second internal heat exchanger; 305, heat accumulator; 306, second pipeline;

[0050] 4. Fin heat exchanger; 401. first fin; 4011. carbon nanotube deposition layer; 402. second fin;

[0051] 5. Control module;

[0052] 501, first control valve; 502, second control valve; 503, third control valve; 504, fourth control valve; 505, fifth control valve;

[0053] 6. First pipeline;

[0054] 7. Infrared light source;

[0055] 8. Air duct;

[0056] 9. Air valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" appear to indicate orientation or positional relationships, these are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, if terms such as "first" and "second" appear, they are used solely for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment relates to a vehicle air-conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function, so as to improve the safety of the vehicle air-conditioning system.

[0063] In terms of overall structure, a vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function in this embodiment is combined with Figures 1 to 5 As shown, including:

[0064] The first heat exchange system 1 and the fin heat exchanger 4 , the second heat exchange system 2 , the third heat exchange system 3 , the control module 5 and the infrared light source 7 are arranged outside the vehicle compartment.

[0065] The first heat exchange system 1 includes a compressor 101, a condenser 102, a throttle valve 103, and a first evaporator 104, all connected in sequence to form a closed loop. The second heat exchange system 2 includes a first internal heat exchanger, a coolant pump 202, and a first heat exchange section 203, all connected in sequence to form a first loop. The first heat exchange section 203 is in contact with the condenser 102 and forms a heat transfer mechanism. The first internal heat exchanger is located in the vehicle's air duct 8. The third heat exchange system 3 includes a brine pump 301, a second heat exchange section 302, a second evaporator 303, all connected in sequence to form a second loop. The second heat exchange section 302 is in contact with the first evaporator 104 and forms a heat transfer mechanism.

[0066] Control module 5 is used to control whether finned heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first or second circuit, and to control whether second internal heat exchanger 304 is connected to or disconnected from the second circuit. When the vehicle air conditioning system is in cooling mode, finned heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first circuit and releases heat, while second internal heat exchanger 304 is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat. When the vehicle air conditioning system is in heating mode, finned heat exchanger 4 is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat, while second internal heat exchanger 304 is disconnected from the second circuit.

[0067] The fin heat exchanger 4 includes a first fin 401 having a carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011 , and the infrared light source 7 is used to irradiate and heat the first fin 401 .

[0068] As configured above, the vehicle air conditioning system of this embodiment has the first heat exchange system 1 positioned outside the vehicle cabin. A flammable heat exchange medium, such as R290, can be used in the first heat exchange system 1, while the second and third heat exchange systems 2 and 3 utilize conventional, non-flammable heat exchange mediums. This allows the second heat exchange system 2 to absorb heat from the condenser 102 in the first heat exchange system 1 and transfer the heat into the vehicle cabin or discharge it through the fin heat exchanger 4. Furthermore, the third heat exchange system 3 can dissipate heat from the first evaporator 104 in the first heat exchange system 1 and absorb heat from the vehicle cabin. This achieves both cooling and heating functions while preventing the flammable heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange system 1 from entering the vehicle cabin, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle air conditioning system. Furthermore, the simple structure and short path length of the first heat exchange system 1 also reduce the use of flammable refrigerants, further enhancing the safety of the vehicle system.

[0069] At the same time, infrared light sources 7 are provided to irradiate the fin heat exchanger 4, accelerating its temperature rise and defrosting. A carbon nanotube deposited layer 4011 is provided on the surface of the first fin 401, providing excellent frost suppression and extremely low adhesion. Frost layers are more easily flaked off in chunks, leaving virtually no defrost water behind at the end of defrosting. This reduces the number of frost nucleation points in the next stage, thereby avoiding excessive performance degradation due to frost formation during heating conditions.

[0070] Based on the above overall introduction, still refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment uses R290 as the refrigerant in the first heat exchange system 1, an ethylene glycol solution as the coolant in the second heat exchange system 2, and an ethylene glycol solution as the secondary coolant in the third heat exchange system 3. Of course, the first heat exchange system 1 can also use other high-pressure, explosive refrigerants, such as R32 (difluoromethane) and carbon dioxide, which can also improve the safety of the air conditioning system.

[0071] The first heat exchange system 1 has a circuit running from compressor 101 to condenser 102, to throttle valve 103, to first evaporator 104, and finally to compressor 101. A first heat exchange section 203 is located within condenser 102, absorbing heat from the condenser 102. A second heat exchange section 302 is located within first evaporator 104, dissipating heat to the first evaporator 104. At least one second evaporator 303 is provided, and can be located near heat-generating components of the vehicle, such as batteries, motors, and electronic control devices. If multiple second evaporators 303 are provided, they are connected in series. In this embodiment, two second evaporators 303 are provided. Countercurrent heat exchange is employed between the first heat exchange section 203 and condenser 102, and between the second heat exchange section 302 and first evaporator 104, to enhance heat exchange efficiency.

[0072] Second, the second internal heat exchanger 304 and the first internal heat exchanger are arranged sequentially along the air flow direction within the air duct 8. The first internal heat exchanger is equipped with a damper 9. When the damper 9 is open, air within the air duct 8 can flow directly into and fully contact the first internal heat exchanger. When the damper 9 is closed, the damper 9 prevents air from passing through the first internal heat exchanger.

[0073] When the vehicle's air conditioning system is in cooling mode, fin heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first circuit of second heat exchange system 2. This first circuit specifically loops from coolant pump 202 to fin heat exchanger 4, then to first heat exchange section 203, then to first internal heat exchanger, and finally to coolant pump 202. First heat exchange section 203 absorbs heat from condenser 102 and, after passing through the first internal heat exchanger and coolant pump 202, is sent to fin heat exchanger 4 for heat dissipation, dissipating the heat to the external environment. After cooling in fin heat exchanger 4, the coolant re-enters first heat exchange section 203 for heat exchange. At this point, damper 9 is closed, and heat from the first internal heat exchanger is essentially not dissipated into air duct 8.

[0074] At the same time, the second internal heat exchanger 304 is connected to the second circuit of the third heat exchange system 3. This second circuit specifically loops from the brine pump 301 to the second heat exchange section 302, the second internal heat exchanger 304, the second evaporator 303, and the brine pump 301. The second heat exchange section 302 dissipates heat to the first evaporator 104, lowering the temperature of the brine inside. After entering the second internal heat exchanger 304, it absorbs heat from the air in the air duct 8, generating cool air within the duct 8 and cooling the vehicle cabin. The brine flowing out of the second internal heat exchanger 304 then enters the two second evaporators 303 in sequence, absorbing heat from vehicle components and cooling them.

[0075] When the vehicle air conditioning system is in heating mode, the first circuit of the first heat exchange system 1 specifically circulates from the coolant pump 202 to the first heat exchanger 201, then to the first internal heat exchanger, and finally to the coolant pump 202. With the air valve 9 open, the coolant in the first circuit absorbs heat from the condenser 102 through the first heat exchange section 203 before entering the first internal heat exchanger. The air in the air duct 8 then absorbs heat from the first internal heat exchanger, generating hot air that heats the vehicle interior.

[0076] At the same time, the fin heat exchanger 4 is connected to the second circuit of the third heat exchange system 3. The second circuit specifically circulates from the brine pump 301 to the second heat exchange section 302, the fin heat exchanger 4, the second evaporator 303, and the brine pump 301. After the brine cools to the first evaporator 104 through the second heat exchange section 302, it enters the fin heat exchanger 4. At this point, the temperature of the fin heat exchanger 4 is lower than the external temperature. The fin heat exchanger 4 absorbs heat from the external environment, causing the brine coolant temperature to rise. After passing through the two second evaporators 303, the brine coolant absorbs heat further, and the temperature is then further increased. The brine coolant is then pumped by the brine pump 301 to the second heat exchange section 302 to dissipate heat to the first evaporator 104.

[0077] Regarding the specific structure of the control module 5, the control module 5 of this embodiment includes a first control valve 501 and a second control valve 502 connected in series between the coolant pump 202 and the first heat exchange section 203, a third control valve 503 and a fourth control valve 504 connected in series between the second heat exchange section 302 and the second evaporator 303, and a controller that is respectively communicated with the first control valve 501, the second control valve 502, the third control valve 503, and the fourth control valve 504.

[0078] Fin heat exchanger 4 is connected between first control valve 501 and second control valve 502, and a third pipe 204 is connected between first control valve 501 and second control valve 502. A controller controls the operating states of first control valve 501 and second control valve 502 to connect fin heat exchanger 4 to or disconnect from the first circuit. Second internal heat exchanger 304 is connected between third control valve 503 and fourth control valve 504, and fin heat exchanger 4 is connected between third control valve 503 and fourth control valve 504. The controller controls the operating states of third control valve 503 and fourth control valve 504 to connect fin heat exchanger 4 or second internal heat exchanger 304 to the second circuit. Control module 5 is configured to control the operating states of first control valve 501, second control valve 502, third control valve 503, and fourth control valve 504, facilitating rapid switching between cooling and heating modes of the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0079] Specifically, the first control valve 501 is connected between the coolant pump 202 and the fin heat exchanger 4, and the second control valve 502 is connected between the fin heat exchanger 4 and the first heat exchange section 203. The first and second control valves 501 and 502 are three-way valves. Furthermore, the controller is also communicatively connected to the damper 9, capable of controlling its opening and closing to adapt to different operating conditions of the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0080] It should be noted that when the vehicle air-conditioning system is in heating state and the external ambient temperature is low, frost may form on the fin heat exchanger 4 because the temperature of the fin heat exchanger 4 is lower than the ambient temperature, and the fin heat exchanger 4 needs to be defrosted.

[0081] Therefore, in order to meet the defrosting requirements, refer to Figure 4As shown, the vehicle air conditioning system also has a defrost mode, with a first pipe 6 connected between the third control valve 503 and the fourth control valve 504. When the vehicle air conditioning system is in the defrost mode, the first pipe 6 is open, the second internal heat exchanger 304 and the fin heat exchanger 4 are disconnected from the second circuit, and the fin heat exchanger 4 is connected to the first circuit to release heat. The provision of the first pipe 6 enables the second internal heat exchanger 304 and the fin heat exchanger 4 to be simultaneously disconnected from the second circuit, preventing the second internal heat exchanger 304 from absorbing heat from the vehicle cabin. Heat from the first heat exchange system 1 is transferred to the fin heat exchanger 4, causing the fin heat exchanger 4 to heat up and defrost. At this time, the damper 9 is closed. After absorbing heat from the condenser 102 through the first heat exchange section 203, the coolant in the first circuit enters the fin heat exchanger 4 through the first internal heat exchanger and the coolant pump 202, heating the fin heat exchanger 4 and melting the frost on its surface, achieving the defrost effect.

[0082] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third control valve 503 is arranged between the second heat exchange section 302 and the second internal heat exchanger 304, and the fourth control valve 504 is arranged between the second internal heat exchanger 304 and the second evaporator 303. The third control valve 503 and the fourth control valve 504 are four-way valves.

[0083] Furthermore, in order to make the defrosting process more stable, a fifth control valve 505 and a heat accumulator 305 are connected in series along the flow direction of the refrigerant between the refrigerant pump 301 and the second heat exchange section 302. A second pipe 306 is connected between the fifth control valve 505 and the second heat exchange section 302. The controller communicates with the fifth control valve 505 and controls the working state of the fifth control valve 505 to connect or disconnect the heat accumulator 305 from the second circuit. The fifth control valve 505 and the heat accumulator 305 are provided to store heat when the vehicle air conditioning system is heating, and release heat to the first evaporator 104 during the defrosting process. This can accelerate defrosting and provide heat to the first evaporator 104, reducing energy consumption, while reducing temperature fluctuations in the vehicle cabin during the defrosting process and improving comfort. Among them, the fifth control valve 505 adopts a three-way valve.

[0084] Specifically, the heat accumulator 305 of this embodiment uses a phase change heat accumulator. The phase change heat accumulator 305 has good thermal stability, low cost, easy availability, and great plasticity. Preferably, the phase change energy storage material of the heat accumulator 305 is paraffin wax, which typically has a melting point between 47 and 64°C. Paraffin wax has a high latent heat of phase change, good thermal stability, low cost, easy availability, great plasticity, and is easy to fill in the heat accumulator 305.

[0085] Regarding the specific method of connecting and disconnecting the heat accumulator 305 from the second circuit, in this embodiment, the heat accumulator 305 is equipped with a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller. This sensor is used to detect the temperature of the phase-change energy storage material in the heat accumulator 305. When the temperature of the phase-change energy storage material reaches a threshold, the controller controls the fifth control valve 505 to change its operating state, disconnecting the heat accumulator 305 from the second circuit. Specifically, the temperature sensor in this embodiment is a contact type, in contact with the paraffin wax in the heat accumulator 305. The temperature threshold is 52°C. That is, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor reaches 52°C, it outputs an electrical signal to the controller, which controls the fifth control valve 505 to change its operating state, thereby connecting the second pipeline 306 and disconnecting the heat accumulator 305 from the second circuit.

[0086] In addition, the fin heat exchanger 4 of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of first fins 401 arranged at equal intervals. The first fins 401 are arranged vertically and are provided with carbon nanotube deposition layers 4011 on both sides thereof. The infrared light source 7 is only enabled in the defrosting state and can be arranged, for example, above the first fin 401. The light emitted by it is incident on the surface of the first fin 401 at a certain angle to quickly heat up the surface, thereby achieving a higher defrosting efficiency. The incident angle of the infrared light source 7 irradiating the first fin 401 can be adjusted according to the frost condition on the surface of the first fin 401 and the surface spacing of the first fin 401. When actually testing the first fin 401, the infrared light source 7 was set to 0.2W / m 2 With the red illumination intensity, the surface temperature of the first fin 401 can rise by about 25° C. within 600 seconds, showing a good photothermal effect.

[0087] Specifically, the first fin 401 uses an aluminum substrate as its base, and utilizes a composite process of laser processing and electroplating of fluorinated carbon nanotubes to create a photothermal, super-hydrophobic aluminum-based carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011. The laser-processed aluminum substrate's micro-nanostructure further facilitates the subsequent deposition of fluorinated carbon nanotubes, resulting in a more durable, photothermally super-hydrophobic surface.

[0088] The vehicle air conditioning system of this embodiment has a first heat exchange system 1 positioned outside the vehicle compartment. Flammable heat exchange media, such as R290, can be used in the first heat exchange system 1, while the second and third heat exchange systems 2 and 3 utilize conventional, non-flammable heat exchange media. This achieves both cooling and heating functions while preventing the flammable heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange system 1 from entering the vehicle compartment, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle air conditioning system. Controlled by the control module 5, the vehicle air conditioning system's operating state transitions can be achieved more conveniently, ensuring stable operation. Furthermore, the provision of an infrared light source 7 and the deposition of a carbon nanotube layer 4011 on the first fin 401 of the fin heat exchanger 4 enhance the defrosting effect of the fin heat exchanger 4, thereby improving the quality of the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] This embodiment relates to a vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrost function. It differs from the first embodiment in that the fin heat exchanger 4 further includes second fins 402 without the carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011. The first fins 401 and second fins 402 are arranged alternately. Infrared light sources 7 illuminate the first fins 401 from both sides. For example, the second fins 402 of this embodiment have bare aluminum surfaces.

[0091] With this arrangement, the bare aluminum surface of the second fin 402 is hydrophilic, and the surface of the first fin 401 is superhydrophobic. The infrared light source 7 can be positioned above the first fin 401 to illuminate both sides of the first fin 401. Under the photothermal effect, the frost layer on the surface of the first fin 401 melts first, and at the end of the defrosting, only small spherical droplets remain, with a maximum radius of only approximately 0.35 mm. The frost layer on the surface of the second fin 402 then begins to melt, and the defrosted water is discharged from the surface of the second fin 402 in the form of a liquid film. Because the fin spacing of the fin heat exchanger 4 is typically small, during the downward movement of the liquid film on the second fin 402, the bottom end of the liquid film comes into contact with small droplets retained on the surface of the adjacent carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011. Under the action of the liquid surface tension, the retained small droplets are completely absorbed by the downwardly moving liquid film and carried away from the channel, thus avoiding blockage of the flow channel caused by liquid bridges between the fins.

[0092] The fin arrangement of this embodiment reduces the number of first fins 401, lowering the investment cost of modifying the fin surfaces with the carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011. Furthermore, the infrared light source 7 only needs to illuminate the first fins 401, reducing the irradiation power of the infrared light source 7. This reduces energy waste during the defrosting process while maintaining good defrosting efficiency for the fin heat exchanger 4.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] This embodiment relates to a vehicle air-conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function. The difference from the first embodiment is that a carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011 is provided on one side of the first fin 401, and the other side is a hydrophilic bare aluminum surface. An infrared light source irradiates the side of the first fin 401 with the carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011.

[0095] Based on the above scheme, under the photothermal effect, the frost layer on the carbon nanotube deposited layer 4011 side of the first fin 401 melts first. At the end of the defrost, only small spherical droplets remain, with a maximum radius of only approximately 0.35 mm. The frost layer on the bare aluminum surface of the first fin 401 then begins to melt, and the defrosted water is discharged downward in the form of a liquid film. Because the fin spacing of the fin heat exchanger 4 is typically small, during the downward movement of the liquid film, the bottom of the liquid film comes into contact with small droplets retained on the surface of the carbon nanotube deposited layer 4011 of the adjacent first fin 401. Under the action of the liquid surface tension, the retained small droplets are completely absorbed by the downwardly moving liquid film and carried away from the channel, thus avoiding flow channel blockage caused by liquid bridges between the first fins 401.

[0096] With the arrangement of the first fins 401 of this embodiment, only one side of the first fin 401 needs to be modified with the carbon nanotube deposited layer 4011, reducing the cost of modifying the fins 4011. The heat conduction of the first fins 401 is utilized to accelerate the defrosting process on both sides. The infrared light source 7 only needs to illuminate the carbon nanotube deposited layer 4011 side of the first fin 401, reducing the irradiation power of the infrared light source 7. While the fin heat exchanger 4 has good defrosting efficiency, it also reduces energy waste during the defrosting process.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] This embodiment relates to a vehicle, which is equipped with the vehicle air-conditioning system with the photothermal defrosting function in the first embodiment.

[0099] By setting up the vehicle air-conditioning system with the photothermal defrost function of embodiment 1, a refrigerant such as R290 can be used, which is beneficial to the lightweighting of the vehicle and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, flammable refrigerant will not enter the vehicle compartment, providing better safety protection, making the vehicle safer when using the vehicle air-conditioning system.

[0100] Secondly, the vehicle of this embodiment is equipped with a second evaporator 303 at least at the battery or motor location. This enables the third heat exchange system 3 to cool the battery and / or motor, enriching the functionality of the vehicle's air conditioning system. Furthermore, in the heating mode, the third heat exchange system 3 can also supply absorbed heat to the first evaporator 104 to improve heating stability. Specifically, the two second evaporators 303 of this embodiment are respectively located at the battery and motor. In the cooling mode, the vehicle's air conditioning system can assist in cooling the battery and motor; in the heating mode, it can utilize excess heat from the battery and motor to supply the first evaporator 104, improving the vehicle's energy efficiency and being more environmentally friendly.

[0101] The provision of the infrared light source 7 and the fin 401 having the carbon nanotube deposition layer 4011 can enhance the defrosting effect of the fin heat exchanger 4 and improve the use quality of the vehicle air conditioning system.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function, characterized in that: include: A first heat exchange system (1) and a fin heat exchanger (4), a second heat exchange system (2), a third heat exchange system (3), a control module (5), and an infrared light source (7) are arranged outside the vehicle compartment; The first heat exchange system (1) comprises a compressor (101), a condenser (102), a throttle valve (103) and a first evaporator (104) which are connected in sequence to form a closed loop; The second heat exchange system (2) comprises a first internal heat exchanger, a coolant pump (202), and a first heat exchange section (203) which are sequentially connected to form a first loop, the first heat exchange section (203) being in contact with the condenser (102) and forming heat transfer, and the first internal heat exchanger being arranged in the air duct (8) of the vehicle compartment; The third heat exchange system (3) comprises a refrigerant pump (301), a second heat exchange section (302), a second evaporator (303), and a second internal heat exchanger (304) arranged in the air duct (8), which are sequentially connected to form a second loop; the second heat exchange section (302) is in contact with the first evaporator (104) to form heat transfer; The control module (5) is used to control the fin heat exchanger (4) to be connected to the first circuit or the second circuit, and to control the second internal heat exchanger (304) to be connected to or disconnected from the second circuit; when the vehicle air-conditioning system is in a cooling state, the fin heat exchanger (4) is connected to the first circuit and releases heat, and the second internal heat exchanger (304) is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat; when the vehicle air-conditioning system is in a heating state, the fin heat exchanger (4) is connected to the second circuit and absorbs heat, and the second internal heat exchanger (304) is disconnected from the second circuit; The fin heat exchanger (4) comprises a first fin (401) having a carbon nanotube deposition layer (4011), and the infrared light source (7) is used to irradiate and heat the first fin (401).

2. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (5) comprises a first control valve (501) and a second control valve (502) connected in series between the coolant pump (202) and the first heat exchange section (203), a third control valve (503) and a fourth control valve (504) connected in series between the second heat exchange section (302) and the second evaporator (303), and a controller connected in communication with the first control valve (501), the second control valve (502), the third control valve (503), and the fourth control valve (504), respectively; The fin heat exchanger (4) is connected between the first control valve (501) and the second control valve (502), and a third pipe (204) is connected between the first control valve (501) and the second control valve (502); the controller controls the working states of the first control valve (501) and the second control valve (502) to connect the fin heat exchanger (4) to or disconnect from the first circuit; The second internal heat exchanger (304) is connected between the third control valve (503) and the fourth control valve (504), and the fin heat exchanger (4) is connected between the third control valve (503) and the fourth control valve (504); the controller controls the working states of the third control valve (503) and the fourth control valve (504) so ​​that the fin heat exchanger (4) or the second internal heat exchanger (304) is connected to the second circuit.

3. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first pipeline (6) is connected between the third control valve (503) and the fourth control valve (504); The vehicle air conditioning system also has a defrosting state; when the vehicle air conditioning system is in the defrosting state, the first pipe (6) is in a conducting state, the second internal heat exchanger (304) and the fin heat exchanger (4) are disconnected from the second circuit, and the fin heat exchanger (4) is connected to the first circuit and releases heat.

4. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fifth control valve (505) and a heat accumulator (305) are sequentially connected in series between the brine pump (301) and the second heat exchange section (302) along the brine flow direction; A second pipe (306) is connected between the fifth control valve (505) and the second heat exchange section (302), and the controller is communicatively connected to the fifth control valve (505) and controls the working state of the fifth control valve (505) to enable the heat accumulator (305) to be connected to or disconnected from the second circuit.

5. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat accumulator (305) is a phase change heat accumulator.

6. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat accumulator (305) is provided with a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller, for collecting the temperature of the phase-change energy storage material in the heat accumulator (305); when the temperature of the phase-change energy storage material reaches a threshold, the controller controls the fifth control valve (505) to change the working state so that the heat accumulator (305) is disconnected from the second circuit.

7. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon nanotube deposition layer (4011) is provided on both sides of the first fin (401); The fin heat exchanger (4) further comprises a second fin (402) not having the carbon nanotube deposition layer (4011), and the first fin (401) and the second fin (402) are arranged alternately; The infrared light source (7) illuminates the first fin (401) from both sides of the first fin.

8. The vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon nanotube deposition layer (4011) is provided on one side of the first fin (401), and the infrared light source (7) irradiates the side of the first fin (401) having the carbon nanotube deposition layer (4011).

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with the vehicle air conditioning system with a photothermal defrosting function according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second evaporator (303) is provided at least at the battery or the motor of the vehicle.

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