Wave breaking energy absorbing device and protection system

Abstract

The application discloses a wave-damping energy-absorbing device and a protection system, and relates to the technical field of wave-damping energy-absorbing devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave protection system technology, and in particular to a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device and protection system. Background Technology

[0002] Islands and reefs are small landmasses or reefs located in the ocean or sea area, usually smaller than islands, and may be of the types such as coral reefs, rocky reefs, or sandy reefs. They play an important role in marine ecosystems and are habitats for many marine organisms. However, islands and reefs often face resource scarcity. Due to their distance from the mainland and remote geographical location, traditional energy supplies such as electricity and fuel are extremely limited, making it difficult to meet basic living and development needs.

[0003] Ocean waves are vibrations of water caused by wind action on the sea surface, and their energy exists in the form of kinetic and potential energy. These two types of energy constantly transform during wave propagation. When waves approach islands, reefs, or other obstacles, their energy is concentrated and amplified due to refraction, reflection, and diffraction, making the waves more violent. Reflected waves interfere with oncoming waves, forming higher or lower waves, and may form standing waves near obstacles. This phenomenon increases the erosive force of waves on coastlines or reefs, significantly impacting coastal ecosystems and structures.

[0004] Wave damping refers to reducing the energy of waves through engineering facilities or natural structures, thereby decreasing their impact on coastlines, reefs, or man-made structures to prevent erosion and damage. Common wave damping methods include constructing breakwaters, seawalls, revetments, and installing floating wave damping devices. These structures can slow down the speed and height of waves, dispersing or absorbing wave energy, thus effectively protecting the stability and safety of islands and reefs. Wave damping engineering is particularly necessary for both natural and artificial islands and reefs, especially in areas with increased wave intensity. It not only extends the lifespan of islands and reefs but also reduces later maintenance costs.

[0005] Ocean wave energy harvesting technology is a technology that utilizes the kinetic and potential energy of waves to generate renewable energy, making it particularly suitable for applications in marine environments such as islands and reefs. Its core concept is to capture wave energy through equipment and convert it into electricity to supplement the energy needs of islands and reefs. This technology is suitable for island and reef environments far from the mainland and with insufficient energy supply. Through energy conversion devices such as horizontal axis turbines or other wave energy converters, wave energy can be directly converted into electricity, not only reducing the impact of waves on islands and reefs (i.e., wave attenuation) but also providing stable power support to the island and reef areas, thus achieving the dual goals of energy conversion and utilization and ecological protection.

[0006] However, energy conversion devices in related technologies generally suffer from poor wave damping capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device with better wave-damping capabilities.

[0008] The present invention also proposes a protection system having the above-mentioned wave-damping and energy-absorbing device.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device includes: a base; a wave-damping and energy-absorbing body disposed on the base, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body including a protective frame disposed on the base, a transmission component disposed on the protective frame, and a plurality of wave-blocking components disposed on the transmission component, the plurality of wave-blocking components being sequentially arranged along a closed-loop path; wherein the plurality of wave-blocking components are configured to move synchronously under the transmission of the transmission component; at least a portion of the wave-blocking components are capable of simultaneously blocking water flow and being driven by the water flow, so that each wave-blocking component moves cyclically along the closed-loop path.

[0010] The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0011] When the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device of the present invention is placed in the sea, when waves hit the device, at least a portion of the wave-blocking components can simultaneously block the waves. Furthermore, since all the wave-blocking components can move synchronously under the action of the transmission components, when a portion of the wave-blocking components are blocking the waves, the waves will drive all the wave-blocking components to move together along a closed-loop path. Because each wave-blocking component moves cyclically along the closed-loop path, at any given moment when waves hit, a portion of the wave-blocking components will block the waves and absorb energy, resulting in good wave-damping and energy-absorbing effects. In addition, when blocking waves, the wave-blocking components do not simply withstand the impact of the waves like a breakwater, but are driven by the impact of the waves, which can reduce the risk of being damaged by the waves.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wave-blocking assembly includes a pad and a wave-blocking plate. The pad is connected to the transmission assembly, and the wave-blocking plate is rotatably disposed on the pad. The wave-blocking plate is rotatable from a retracted position to a wave-blocking position along a first rotation direction, and the wave-blocking plate is rotatable from the wave-blocking position to the retracted position along a second rotation direction.

[0013] The pad is provided with a limiting part for limiting the wave-blocking plate located at the wave-blocking position. The limiting part is used to prevent the wave-blocking plate located at the wave-blocking position from rotating in the first rotation direction.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the closed-loop path includes a lower straight path, an upper straight path located above the lower straight path, a first arc-shaped path located at the tail end of the upper straight path and the head end of the lower straight path, and a second arc-shaped path located at the head end of the upper straight path and the tail end of the lower straight path.

[0015] For each of the wave-blocking plates along the upper straight path, at least a portion of the wave-blocking plates are in the wave-blocking position.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protective frame includes a first arc-shaped plate spaced apart from the outside of the first arc-shaped path, a straight plate connected to the first arc-shaped plate and spaced apart below the lower straight path, and a second arc-shaped plate connected to the straight plate and spaced apart from the outside of the second arc-shaped path; wherein, when the wave-blocking plate moves to the inside of the first arc-shaped plate, it can be squeezed by the first arc-shaped plate and rotate from the wave-blocking position to the retracted position along the second rotation direction.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body further includes a guide plate connected to the protective frame, the guide plate being connected to the second arc-shaped plate and located in front of each of the wave-blocking plate assemblies on the upper straight path.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes two transmission wheels spaced apart and a transmission belt with its two ends respectively wound around the two transmission wheels. The transmission belt has a closed-loop structure, and the plurality of wave-blocking components are all connected to the transmission belt.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wave-damping energy absorption further includes a power generation component, which is connected to any of the transmission wheels and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the transmission component into electrical energy;

[0020] The power generation component includes an energy transmission element and a generator. The energy transmission element includes a drive gear disposed on the transmission wheel and rotating with the transmission wheel, a driven gear spaced apart from the drive gear, and an energy transmission belt with its two ends respectively sleeved on the drive gear and the driven gear. The driven gear is connected to the generator.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the device further includes a height adjustment member connected to the base and an angle adjustment member connected to the base, wherein the height adjustment member is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body, and the angle adjustment member is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the height adjustment member is a first telescopic member, one end of the first telescopic member is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the front end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body. The angle adjustment member is a second telescopic member, the second telescopic member is located behind the first telescopic member, one end of the second telescopic member is rotatably connected to the base, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body.

[0023] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a protective system includes multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups, all of which are disposed in the sea area near islands and reefs, and are arranged at intervals from the islands and reefs in order of increasing distance; wherein each set of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups includes multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices, and in each set of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups, the multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices are arranged side by side, and the arrangement direction of the multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices is perpendicular to the direction of the waves in the sea area.

[0024] The protection system according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The most important benefit of the protection system of this invention is wave damping and protection. Based on the "divide and conquer" strategy, it adopts a three-wave damping and energy absorption zone design to gradually weaken ocean waves, significantly reduce the impact of waves on islands and reefs, effectively protect the coast of islands and reefs from erosion and damage, and also increase the overall system's durability and extend its service life.

[0026] Secondly, wave energy absorption utilizes ocean wave energy to convert it into green and clean energy, supplementing the energy shortage of islands and reefs. This provides an effective way to utilize renewable energy, reducing dependence on traditional fossil fuels, lowering carbon emissions, and aligning with sustainable energy strategies. Improving living and working conditions on islands and reefs, ensuring the normal operation of basic functions, helps achieve energy self-sufficiency in island and reef areas, and reflects the sustainable development value of islands and reefs.

[0027] In addition, the system of this invention also embodies ecological protection value, which helps to reduce the erosion and sand loss of islands and reefs, helps to maintain the marine ecological environment around islands and reefs, protects ecosystems such as coral reefs and seagrass beds, provides a stable habitat for many marine organisms, and promotes the maintenance and development of biodiversity.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a usage scenario diagram of a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a wave-damping and energy-absorbing body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wave-blocking component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wave-damping and energy-absorbing body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another partial structure of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Icon labels:

[0041] 10. Protective system; 11. Wave-damping and energy-absorbing device assembly; 100. Wave-damping and energy-absorbing device; 110. Base; 111. First connecting seat; 112. Second connecting seat; 120. Wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body; 121. Protective frame; 1211. First arc-shaped plate; 1212. Straight plate; 1213. Second arc-shaped plate; 122. Transmission assembly; 1221. Transmission wheel; 1222. Transmission belt; 123. Wave-blocking assembly; 1231. Pad; 12311. Hinge groove; 12312. Limiting part; 1232. Wave-blocking plate; 12321. Hinge column; 1233. Base plate; 12331, Connecting part; 1234, Connecting shaft; 124, Power generation component; 1241, Energy transmission component; 12411, Driving gear; 12412, Driven gear; 12413, Energy transmission belt; 1242, Transmission device; 1243, Generator; 1251, Guide plate; 1252, Support rod; 126, Sealed chamber; 127, Fixed crossbeam; 130, Height adjustment component; 140, Angle adjustment component; 200, Closed path; 210, Lower straight path; 220, Upper straight path; 230, First arc path; 240, Second arc path;

[0042] 20. Islands and reefs;

[0043] 30. Sea area. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a protection system 10, which includes multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11. The multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11 are all set in the sea area 30 near the island 20, and the multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11 are arranged at intervals from near to far from the island 20.

[0048] The number of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11 can be two or more; specifically in this embodiment, the number of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11 is three, and the three wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups 11 are arranged at intervals from near to far from the island reef 20.

[0049] Among them, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 closest to the island 20 is within 0-25m of the coastline of the island 20; the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 second closest to the island 20 is 25m-50m apart from the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 closest to the island 20; and the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 farthest from the island 20 is 25m-50m apart from the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 second closest to the island 20.

[0050] Understandably, the installation of three sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 11 can gradually weaken wave energy, thereby reducing the impact of waves on the reef 20 in the initial, further, and final stages, achieving a "divide and conquer" strategy. This step-by-step wave-damping method can more effectively disperse wave energy and avoid excessive pressure on a single structure. In addition, each set of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 11 can ensure that waves are sufficiently weakened before reaching the reef 20 while weakening wave energy at different levels, protecting the reef 20 from extreme wave attacks. This design is more adaptable to multi-level wave impacts than a single-layer breakwater or submerged breakwater, thus more effectively protecting the environment around the reef 20.

[0051] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 It should be noted that each group of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 11 includes multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 100. In each group of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 11, multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 100 are arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction of multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 100 is perpendicular to the direction of the waves in the sea area 30.

[0052] Understandably, each wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group 11 consists of multiple individual wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 100. The modular design facilitates maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the modular wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices 100 can be prefabricated for easy installation. In addition, even if a single wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 requires maintenance, the entire system can continue to operate, thus avoiding system collapse due to the failure of a single device, reducing maintenance costs and system downtime risks. Compared to large concrete breakwaters or revetment structures requiring overall maintenance, the system offers higher maintainability and reduces costly repair needs due to material corrosion and wear.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 includes a base 110 and a wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120.

[0054] The base 110 serves as the installation foundation, constructed from precast concrete and designed as a gravity-type base. It is capable of bearing the upper load and possesses high resistance to horizontal forces and overturning. It effectively resists wave impacts on the upper components of the base 110 while maintaining overall stability. Furthermore, the base 110 exhibits high durability and resistance to seawater corrosion, adapting to harsh marine environments. Additionally, at least a portion of the base 110 can be embedded in the seabed sand layer, forming a sand-blocking wall. This not only effectively stops sand flow and prevents sea sand loss but also prevents the backflow of sea waves carrying away sand from the island / reef 20, protecting the coastline of the island / reef 20. The base 110 is embedded in the seabed sand layer for at least 0.5 meters.

[0055] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 The wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body 120 is disposed on the base 110, and the main function of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body 120 is to dampen waves. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body 120 includes a protective frame 121 disposed on the base 110, a transmission component 122 disposed on the protective frame 121, and a plurality of wave-blocking components 123 disposed on the transmission component 122. The plurality of wave-blocking components 123 are arranged sequentially along a closed loop path. The plurality of wave-blocking components 123 are configured to move synchronously under the transmission of the transmission component 122. At least a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 can simultaneously block water flow and be driven by water flow, so that each wave-blocking component 123 moves cyclically along the closed loop path.

[0056] Understandably, after the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 is placed in the sea area 30, when waves hit the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100, at least a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 can simultaneously block the waves. Furthermore, since all the wave-blocking components 123 can move synchronously under the action of the transmission component 122, when a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 are blocking the waves, the waves will drive all the wave-blocking components 123 to move together along a closed-loop path. Since each wave-blocking component 123 moves cyclically along a closed-loop path, when the waves hit, at any given moment, a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 will block the waves and perform wave-damping and energy absorption. In addition, when the wave-blocking components 123 are blocking the waves, they do not simply withstand the impact of the waves like a breakwater, but are driven by the impact of the waves, which can reduce the risk of being damaged by the waves.

[0057] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the wave-blocking assembly 123 includes a pad 1231 and a wave-blocking plate 1232. The pad 1231 is connected to the transmission assembly 122, and the wave-blocking plate 1232 is rotatably disposed on the pad 1231. The wave-blocking plate 1232 can rotate in a first rotation direction from a retracted position to a wave-blocking position, and the wave-blocking plate 1232 can rotate in a second rotation direction from the wave-blocking position to a retracted position. The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction. Additionally, the pad 1231 is provided with a limiting portion 12312 for limiting the wave-blocking plate 1232 in the wave-blocking position, which prevents the wave-blocking plate 1232 in the wave-blocking position from rotating in the first rotation direction.

[0058] It should be noted that after the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 is placed in the sea area 30, the impact force of the wave on the wave-blocking plate 1232 can drive the wave-blocking plate 1232 to rotate in the first rotation direction, so as to ensure that the wave-blocking plate 1232 can be in the wave-blocking position and work after being impacted by the wave. Since the limiting part 12312 can prevent the wave-blocking plate 1232 in the wave-blocking position from rotating in the first rotation direction, when the wave impacts the wave-blocking plate 1232 and rotates to the wave-blocking position, the wave-blocking plate 1232 can be kept in the wave-blocking position.

[0059] Specifically, the wave deflector 1232 has a hinge post 12321, and the pad 1231 is provided with a hinge groove 12311 for the hinge post 12321 to pass through. The hinge groove 12311 can prevent the hinge post 12321 from disengaging from the hinge groove 12311, and the wave deflector 1232 can rotate relative to the pad 1231 by means of the hinge post 12321.

[0060] Furthermore, the wave deflector 1232 has a curved shape, narrower at the top and gradually widening towards the bottom. The wave deflector 1232 is made entirely of high-strength, impact-resistant, and corrosion-resistant polymer materials, with a closed, hollow structure to reduce mass and facilitate buoyancy in seawater.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, it should be noted that the aforementioned wave-blocking components 123 are sequentially arranged along a closed-loop path, which includes a lower straight path 210, an upper straight path 220 above the lower straight path 210, a first arc-shaped path 230 at the end of the upper straight path 220 and the beginning of the lower straight path 210, and a second arc-shaped path 240 at the beginning of the upper straight path 220 and the end of the lower straight path 210. For each wave-blocking plate 1232 on the upper straight path 220, at least a portion of the wave-blocking plates 1232 are in the wave-blocking position, while all wave-blocking plates 1232 on the lower straight path 210 are in the retracted / extended position. When the wave-blocking plate 1232 on the upper straight path 220 is in the wave-blocking position, it is prevented from continuing to rotate in the first rotation direction due to the obstruction of the limiting part 12312.

[0062] It should be noted that the 'head' and 'tail' mentioned above are defined in terms of the direction of movement of the wave-blocking component 123; for example, when the wave-blocking component 123 moves along the upper straight path 220, it moves from the head end of the upper straight path 220 to the tail end of the upper straight path 220; when the wave-blocking component 123 moves along the lower straight path 210, it moves from the head end of the lower straight path 210 to the tail end of the upper straight path 220.

[0063] Understandably, when the wave-blocking plate 1232 is in the wave-blocking position, the angle between the wave-blocking plate 1232 and the impact direction of the waves is relatively large, and the wave-blocking plate 1232 can have a better wave-damping and energy-absorbing effect. When the wave-blocking plate 1232 is in the retracted position, the angle between the wave-blocking plate 1232 and the impact direction of the waves is relatively small, and the wave-blocking plate 1232 is subjected to less impact force from the waves. When each wave-blocking component 123 moves synchronously under the drive of the transmission component 122, the movement direction of the wave-blocking component 123 located on the upper straight path 220 is the same as the movement direction of the wave-blocking component 123 located on the lower straight path 210. In addition, since the wave-blocking plate 1232 located on the upper straight path 220 mainly plays the role of blocking waves, by making the wave-blocking plate 1232 on the lower straight path 210 in the retracted position, the impact force of the waves on the wave-blocking plate 1232 on the lower straight path 210 can be reduced, thereby ensuring that each wave-blocking component 123 can move smoothly along the closed-loop path.

[0064] Furthermore, the protective frame 121 includes a first arc-shaped plate 1211 spaced apart from the outside of the first arc-shaped path 230, a straight plate 1212 connected to the first arc-shaped plate 1211 and spaced apart below the lower straight path 210, and a second arc-shaped plate 1213 connected to the straight plate 1212 and spaced apart from the outside of the second arc-shaped path 240; wherein, when the wave deflector 1232 moves to the inside of the first arc-shaped plate 1211, it can be squeezed by the first arc-shaped plate 1211 and rotate from the wave deflector position to the retracted position along the second rotation direction.

[0065] Thus, as each wave deflector moves along the closed-loop path, the wave deflector 1232 located on the lower straight path 210 can naturally rotate to the retracted position under the compression of the first arc plate 1211, reducing the resistance it experiences.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120 also includes a guide plate 1251 connected to the protective frame 121. The guide plate 1251 is connected to the second arc-shaped plate 1213 and is located in front of each wave-blocking plate 1232 assembly on the upper straight path 220. The angle of the guide plate 1251 is adjustable. The guide plate 1251 can guide the ocean current to flow towards the wave-blocking plate 1232, thereby adapting to wave changes under different sea conditions and optimizing the impact of the ocean current on the wave-blocking plate 1232.

[0067] Furthermore, the deflector plate 1251 is rotatably connected to the protective frame 121, and the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120 also includes a support rod 1252 rotatably connected to the protective frame 121. The support rod 1252 supports the deflector plate 1251, and the angle of the deflector plate 1251 can be adjusted by rotating the support rod 1252.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the transmission assembly 122 includes two spaced-apart transmission wheels 1221 and a transmission belt 1222 with its two ends respectively wound around the two transmission wheels 1221. The transmission belt 1222 has a closed-loop structure, and multiple wave-blocking assemblies 123 are connected to the transmission belt 1222. Specifically, a first arc-shaped plate 1211 is located outside one of the transmission wheels 1221, a straight plate 1212 is located below the lower structure of the transmission belt 1222, and a second arc-shaped path 240 is located outside the other transmission wheel 1221.

[0069] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 The wave-blocking assembly 123 also includes a base plate 1233 connected to the pad 1231. A connecting part 12331 is connected to the side of the base plate 1233 away from the pad 1231. The connecting part 12331 is connected to the transmission belt 1222 through a connecting shaft 1234.

[0070] After the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 is placed in the sea area 30, when waves hit the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100, at least a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 can simultaneously block the waves. Furthermore, since all the wave-blocking components 123 are mounted on the drive belt 1222, the drive belt 1222 can make all the wave-blocking components 123 move synchronously. Therefore, when a portion of the wave-blocking components 123 block the waves, the waves will drive all the wave-blocking components 123 to move together along the closed-loop path.

[0071] It should be noted that a transmission shaft is provided on the transmission wheel 1221 and is coaxially arranged with the transmission wheel 1221. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the protective frame 121, and the transmission wheel 1221 is able to rotate due to the constraint of the protective frame 121.

[0072] like Figure 10 As shown, it should be noted that the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 also includes a fixed crossbeam 127, both transmission wheels 1221 are rotatably mounted on the fixed crossbeam 127, and the protective frame 121 is also fixed to the fixed crossbeam 127.

[0073] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the wave-damping energy absorption also includes a power generation component 124, which is connected to any of the transmission wheels 1221 and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the transmission component 122 into electrical energy.

[0074] Specifically, the power generation assembly 124 includes an energy transmission element 1241 and a generator connected to the energy transmission element 1241. The energy transmission element 1241 includes a drive gear 12411 disposed on the transmission wheel 1221 and rotating with the transmission wheel, a driven gear 12412 disposed at a distance from the drive gear 12411, and an energy transmission belt 12413 with its two ends respectively sleeved on the drive gear 12411 and the driven gear 12412. The driven gear 12412 is connected to the generator 1243.

[0075] It is understandable that when the wave-blocking assembly 123 is driven by the wave impact to rotate the transmission belt 1222 and each transmission wheel 1221, the transmission wheel 1221 will drive the drive gear 12411 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 12412 to rotate through the energy transmission belt 12413. The power generation assembly 124 is used to convert the kinetic energy of the driven gear 12412 into electrical energy.

[0076] Furthermore, the power generation assembly 124 also includes a transmission 1242, with a driven gear 12412 connected to a coupling. The coupling is connected to the transmission 1242, and the transmission 1242 is connected to the generator 1243. The transmission 1242 is a continuously variable transmission, providing stepless speed change, achieving a backlash-free and continuously changing transmission ratio in the transmission system, ensuring smooth and efficient power transmission. The transmission 1242 is connected to the generator 1243 to adapt to different sea conditions and optimize power generation efficiency.

[0077] It should be noted that in the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 of the present invention, even if the power generation component 124 fails, the corresponding wave-damping and wave-prevention function will not stop, and the reliability is high.

[0078] like Figure 9 As shown, a sealed compartment 126 is further provided inside the protective frame 121. The generator 1243 and the transmission device 1242 are both located inside the sealed compartment 126 to ensure safe operation. The sealed compartment 126 is fixed to the fixed crossbeam 127.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 further includes a height adjustment member 130 connected to the base 110 and an angle adjustment member 140 connected to the base 110. The height adjustment member 130 is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120, and the angle adjustment member 140 is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120.

[0080] Specifically, the height adjustment component 130 is a first telescopic component, one end of which is fixedly connected to the base 110 and the other end is connected to the front end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120. The angle adjustment component 140 is a second telescopic component, located behind the first telescopic component. One end of the second telescopic component is rotatably connected to the base 110 and the other end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body 120.

[0081] like Figure 10 As shown, more specifically, the base 110 is provided with a first connecting seat 111 and a second connecting seat 112. The bottom end of the height adjusting member 130 is fixedly connected to the first connecting seat 111, and the top end of the height adjusting member 130 is rotatably connected to the fixed crossbeam 127. The bottom end of the angle adjusting member 140 is hinged to the second connecting seat 112, and the top end of the angle adjusting member 140 is rotatably connected to the fixed crossbeam 127.

[0082] It should be noted that by adjusting the height and angle of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body 120, the applicability of the device can be greatly enhanced.

[0083] The protection system 10 of the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0084] The protection system 10 is installed in the sea area 30 adjacent to the island / reef 20. The wave-absorbing energy absorption device group 11 furthest from the island / reef 20 is defined as the primary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group. The location of the primary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group is 50m-125m away from the coastline of the island / reef 20, and the specific deviation distance is determined according to the sea state and the importance of the island / reef 20. The wave-absorbing energy absorption device 100 is underwater, close to the seabed. The height and angle of the wave-absorbing energy absorption device 100 can be adjusted according to the sea state to cope with different waves. The adjustable height range is 0-1m, and the adjustable angle range is 30°-40°. To resist sea waves and ensure stability, the base 110 of the wave-absorbing energy absorption device 100 needs to be buried in the seabed at a depth of not less than 0.5m.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the wave reduction power L is used to evaluate the wave size weakened by the primary wave reduction and energy absorption device group, and the energy dissipation rate η is used to measure the wave reduction capability of the primary wave reduction and energy absorption device group.

[0086] First, define the power of the incident energy. Ocean energy is mainly generated by wave P. wave And Ocean Current P current It consists of two parts;

[0087] Energy per unit width of seawater P = P wave +P current ;

[0088] Where ρ is the density of seawater, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the wave height, and C is the wave height. g The wave group speed is H is the height of the cross-section of the water passage, and v is the ocean current velocity.

[0089] The wave attenuation power of the primary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group is also determined by the wave loss L. wave and ocean current loss L current It consists of two parts:

[0090] The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device has a wave-damping power L = L per 100 unit width. wave +L current ;

[0091] Where α is the wave reduction coefficient. Z is the distance from the center of gravity of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing device (100°) to the sea surface, b is the wave reduction distance, and C is the wave attenuation distance. d θ is the drag coefficient, θ is the angle of attack (the angle between the equivalent chord of the flow-damping energy absorption device 100 and the direction of the incoming seawater flow), and L is the length of the wave-damping energy absorption device 100.

[0092] Under normal sea conditions, density = 1025 kg / m³ 3Given a flow velocity v = 0.7 m / s, wave height h = 1.5 m, and water depth H = 6 m, the energy power of the seawater can be calculated as P = 10.83 (kW) + 1.05 (kW) = 11.89 (kW). The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device 100 has a depth Z = 5 m and a length L of 3.5 m as an example. The drag coefficient C... d =2 (the value of the long plate perpendicular to the water flow direction is between 1.98 and 2.05), angle of attack θ = 30°. From this, the wave-absorbing power of the primary wave-damping energy absorption device group can be calculated as L = 3.59 (kW) + 0.15 (kW) = 3.74 (kW), and the energy dissipation rate η = L / P ≈ 31.49%. After the initial weakening effect of the primary wave-damping energy absorption device group, the flow velocity is reduced to 0.66 m / s, and the wave height is reduced to 1.23 m.

[0093] In extreme weather conditions, sea conditions become severe, with a current velocity v = 1.5 m / s, wave height h = 4 m, and water depth H = 6 m. The energy power P = 77.03 (kW) + 10.38 (kW) = 87.40 (kW). To cope with the severe sea conditions, the device depth Z = 6 m and the angle of attack θ = 40° are adjusted. Then the wave-damping power L = 23.68 (kW) + 3.22 (kW) = 26.9 (kW), and its energy dissipation rate η ≈ 30.78%. After the initial weakening effect of the primary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device assembly, the current velocity is reduced to 1.33 m / s, and the wave height is reduced to 3.33 m.

[0094] The wave-absorbing energy absorption device group located between the two wave-absorbing energy absorption device groups is defined as the secondary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group. The secondary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group is located 25m-75m away from the coastline of the island reef, underwater, close to the sea level, with an adjustable height range of 0-1m and an adjustable angle range of 40°-60°. The increased angle of attack further weakens the ocean waves.

[0095] In this embodiment, under normal sea conditions, after initial weakening by the primary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group, and neglecting the energy loss along the path between the primary and secondary wave-absorbing energy absorption device groups, the depth of the secondary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group is set to Z = 1m, and the angle of attack θ = 45°. Then the wave-absorbing power L = 4.30(kW) + 0.37(kW) = 4.67(kW), and the energy dissipation rate η ≈ 39.29%. After further weakening by the secondary wave-absorbing energy absorption device group, the flow velocity is reduced to 0.56m / s, and the wave height is reduced to 0.78m.

[0096] In severe sea conditions, the depth of the secondary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group is adjusted to Z = 2m, and the angle of attack is θ = 55°. The wave-damping power L = 25.11 (kW) + 4.59 (kW) = 29.71 (kW), and the energy dissipation rate η ≈ 33.99%. After further weakening by the secondary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group, the flow velocity is reduced to 0.94 m / s, and the wave height is reduced to 2.42 m.

[0097] The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group closest to the island / reef is defined as the ultimate wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group. This ultimate wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group is located 0m-25m off the island / reef's coastline, partially exposed above sea level, with an adjustable height range of 0-1m and an adjustable angle range of 65°-80°. Due to the large angle of attack, the vast majority of ocean waves will terminate at this point.

[0098] In this embodiment, under normal sea conditions, after passing through the first two wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups, neglecting energy loss along the way, the depth of the final wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group is set to Z = 0m, and the angle of attack θ = 70°. Then the wave-damping power L = 2.94 (kW) + 0.51 (kW) = 3.46 (kW), and the energy dissipation rate η ≈ 29.08%. The current velocity is reduced to 0.18 m / s, the wave is stopped, and theoretically the wave height is reduced to 0m.

[0099] No adjustments are made in severe sea conditions. The wave-damping power L = 28.23 (kW) + 2.49 (kW) = 30.72 (kW), and the energy dissipation rate η ≈ 35.14%. After further weakening by the secondary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group, the flow velocity is reduced to 0.34 m / s, and the theoretical wave height is reduced to 0 m.

[0100] In summary, the protective system 10 of the present invention achieves a total wave-damping efficiency of 99.86% and a flow velocity reduction of 74.49% under normal sea conditions. Under severe sea conditions, the total wave-damping efficiency reaches as high as 99.91%, and the flow velocity reduction is 80%.

[0101] In this embodiment, to resist ocean waves and ensure stability, the base 110 needs a certain seabed burial depth, not less than 0.5m. Therefore, the base 110 forms a sand-blocking wall with a height greater than or equal to 1m. A sand-collecting area, mainly composed of coral sand, naturally forms between the two wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups, with a theoretical sand-collecting capacity of 25m per unit width. 3 -50m 3 Between these, sand storage can not only slow down the erosion of sand along the coast of the island 20, but also protect the ecological environment of the adjacent sea area 30 of the island 20, promote the ecological wave protection and wave dissipation of the island 20, further increase the energy loss along the way, and improve the wave dissipation effect; at the same time, the sand storage area helps stabilize the island 20 and the protection system 10, and provides a reaction force for the base 110 to resist the ocean wave load.

[0102] Ocean waves possess kinetic energy, and energy dissipation occurs during wave dissipation. However, some of this kinetic energy is utilized. This invention utilizes the kinetic energy of ocean waves to drive the wave-blocking component 123 and the transmission component 122, converting the wave kinetic energy into the mechanical energy of the device. The transmission component 122 then drives the power generation component 124, converting the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0103] The formula for power generation per unit width is:

[0104] Where β is the power generation efficiency, the efficiency of the transmission component 122 is estimated to be 95%, and the efficiency of the power generation component 124 is between 60% and 80%, estimated to be 60%; ρ is the seawater density of 1025 kg / m3; v is the seawater flow velocity; L is the device length; θ is the angle of attack; and t is the time.

[0105] In this embodiment, under normal sea conditions, the current velocity v1 = 0.7 m / s and the angle of attack θ1 = 30° in front of the primary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group; the current velocity v2 = 0.66 m / s and θ2 = 45° in front of the secondary wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group; and the current velocity v3 = 0.56 m / s and θ3 = 70° in front of the final wave-damping and energy-absorbing device group. The total power generation efficiency of the device is at least β = 95% * 95% * 60% = 54.15%. Taking a length L of 3.5 m as an example and a time of one day, the power generation per unit width of the protective system 10 is 5.854 kWh, or 5.854 kilowatt-hours, equivalent to the power generation of a small wind turbine in one day.

[0106] Considering the spatial layout of the protection system 10, which is arranged along the wavefront coastline of island 20, the overall power generation is related to the length of the revetment. Taking a medium-sized island 20 as an example, with a revetment length of 300m, the protection system 10 can theoretically provide 1756kWh of electricity to island 20 per day. This can supplement the power supply for important facilities on island 20, powering 50kW lighting equipment for 1.46 days, 10kW communication equipment for 7.32 days, 100kW seawater desalination equipment operating for 10 hours a day for 1.76 days, 10kW lighthouse for 7.32 days, and 20kW weather station for 3.66 days, etc.

[0107] The most important benefit of this invention is wave damping and protection. Based on the "divide and conquer" strategy, the design of three wave damping and energy absorption zones gradually weakens ocean waves, significantly reduces the impact of waves on the island 20, effectively protects the coast of the island 20 from erosion and damage, and also increases the durability of the overall system and extends its service life.

[0108] Secondly, wave energy absorption utilizes ocean wave energy to convert it into green and clean energy, supplementing the energy shortage of Island 20. This provides an effective way to utilize renewable energy, reducing dependence on traditional fossil fuels, lowering carbon emissions, and aligning with sustainable energy strategies. Improving living and working conditions on Island 20 and ensuring the normal operation of its basic functions will help achieve energy self-sufficiency in the region, demonstrating the sustainable development value of Island 20.

[0109] In addition, the system of the present invention can also reflect ecological protection value, which is conducive to reducing the erosion and sand loss of the island reef 20, helping to maintain the marine ecological environment around the island reef 20, protecting the ecosystem such as coral reefs and seagrass beds, providing a stable habitat for many marine organisms, and promoting the maintenance and development of biodiversity.

[0110] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0111] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wave-damping and energy-absorbing device, characterized in that, include: Base; The wave-damping and energy-absorbing body is disposed on the base. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing body includes a protective frame disposed on the base, a transmission component disposed on the protective frame, and a plurality of wave-blocking components disposed on the transmission component. The plurality of wave-blocking components are arranged sequentially along a closed loop path. The wave-blocking components are configured to move synchronously under the drive of the transmission component; at least a portion of the wave-blocking components are simultaneously able to block the water flow and be driven by the water flow, so that each wave-blocking component moves cyclically along the closed-loop path. The wave-blocking assembly includes a pad and a wave-blocking plate. The pad is connected to the transmission assembly. The wave-blocking plate is rotatably disposed on the pad. The wave-blocking plate can rotate in a first rotation direction from the retracted position to the wave-blocking position. The wave-blocking plate can rotate in a second rotation direction from the wave-blocking position to the retracted position. The pad is provided with a limiting part for limiting the wave-blocking plate located at the wave-blocking position. The limiting part is used to prevent the wave-blocking plate located at the wave-blocking position from rotating in the first rotation direction.

2. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop path includes a lower straight path, an upper straight path located above the lower straight path, a first arc-shaped path located at the end of the upper straight path and the beginning of the lower straight path, and a second arc-shaped path located at the beginning of the upper straight path and the end of the lower straight path. For each of the wave-blocking plates along the upper straight path, at least a portion of the wave-blocking plates are in the wave-blocking position.

3. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective frame includes a first arc-shaped plate spaced apart outside the first arc-shaped path, a straight plate connected to the first arc-shaped plate and spaced apart below the lower straight path, and a second arc-shaped plate connected to the straight plate and spaced apart outside the second arc-shaped path; wherein, when the wave-blocking plate moves to the inner side of the first arc-shaped plate, it can be squeezed by the first arc-shaped plate and rotate from the wave-blocking position to the retracted position along the second rotation direction.

4. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body also includes a guide plate connected to the protective frame. The guide plate is connected to the second arc-shaped plate and is located in front of each of the wave-blocking plate assemblies on the upper straight path.

5. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes two drive wheels spaced apart and a transmission belt with its two ends respectively wrapped around the two drive wheels. The transmission belt has a closed-loop structure, and multiple wave-blocking components are connected to the transmission belt.

6. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wave-damping and energy-absorbing body also includes a power generation component, which is connected to any of the transmission wheels and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the transmission component into electrical energy. The power generation component includes an energy transmission element and a generator. The energy transmission element includes a drive gear disposed on the transmission wheel and rotating with the transmission wheel, a driven gear spaced apart from the drive gear, and an energy transmission belt with its two ends respectively sleeved on the drive gear and the driven gear. The driven gear is connected to the generator.

7. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a height adjustment component connected to the base and an angle adjustment component connected to the base. The height adjustment component is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body, and the angle adjustment component is tractively connected to the wave-damping and energy-absorbing main body.

8. The wave-damping and energy-absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The height adjustment component is a first telescopic component, one end of which is connected to the base and the other end is connected to the front end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body. The angle adjustment component is a second telescopic component, which is located behind the first telescopic component. One end of the second telescopic component is rotatably connected to the base and the other end is rotatably connected to the rear end of the wave-damping and energy-absorbing body.

9. A protection system, characterized in that, It includes multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups, all of which are set in the sea area near the islands and reefs, and the multiple sets of wave-damping and energy-absorbing device groups are set at intervals from the islands and reefs from near to far. Each group of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices includes multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. In each group of wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices, multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices are arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction of the multiple wave-damping and energy-absorbing devices is perpendicular to the direction of the waves in the sea area.

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