Multi-stage energy consumption wind power supporting structure and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-stage energy consumption wind power supporting structure and a design method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of engineering energy consumption and shock absorption. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power supporting structure comprises an upper flange ring, a supporting barrel and a lower flange ring which are sequentially connected, the upper flange ring is fixed to a tower barrel, the lower flange ring is fixed to a ground foundation, the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power supporting structure and the tower barrel jointly form a tower used for supporting a wind turbine generator, the Gaussian curvature of the tower barrel is 0, and the Gaussian curvature of the supporting barrel is 0. According to the wind power supporting structure, the Gaussian curvature of the supporting cylinder is set to be a negative number, through the structural design of the supporting cylinder, the damage form of the wind power supporting structure is changed into ductile damage from brittle damage, the redundancy of the wind power supporting structure is greatly improved, and the damaged part can be controlled in a component providing early warning for a wind power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering energy dissipation and vibration reduction, and specifically relates to a multi-stage energy dissipation wind power support structure and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the design process of wind turbine support structures, it is necessary to consider the vibrations caused by complex excitation sources such as earthquakes, wind, and waves. Therefore, wind turbine support structures should have good energy dissipation properties.

[0003] The traditional design of wind power support structure is to design each component using the elastic limit of the structural bearing capacity. Such design results not only make the support structure's energy consumption capacity weak and its redundancy extremely low, but also cannot control the location of support structure damage. Safety requirements can only be met by increasing the size and material of the components in the design. As wind turbines develop in a higher and larger direction, these problems will directly lead to an increase in the construction cost of wind farms.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure and a design method thereof to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure and a design method thereof, which can change the failure mode of the wind power support structure from brittle failure to ductile failure, greatly improve the redundancy of the wind power support structure, and further effectively solve at least one technical problem involved in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure, wherein the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure and a tower together constitute a tower for supporting a wind turbine generator set, wherein the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure comprises an upper flange ring, a lower flange ring, a support tube and an energy-consuming damper, wherein the upper flange ring and the lower flange ring are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, wherein one end of the support tube and the energy-consuming damper are fixed to the upper flange ring and the other end is fixed to the lower flange ring, wherein the upper flange ring is fixed to the bottom end of the tower, and the lower flange ring is fixed to the ground foundation, wherein the Gaussian curvature of the tower is 0, and the support tube is a hollow annular structure, wherein the Gaussian curvature of the support tube is a negative number, wherein the section moment of inertia of the support tube satisfies the following conditions:

[0008]

[0009] In the formula, I a represents the cross-sectional inertia moment of the support tube; n represents that the support tube is divided into n segments, and each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring; I i represents the section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support tube; h irepresents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube; h i-1 Represents the height of the i-1th segment of the support tube.

[0010] As a preferred improvement, the upper flange ring includes an upper ring plate and a lower ring plate fixed to each other, the side wall of the lower ring plate extends outward in a circular direction to form a wing plate, the top end of the support tube is fixed to the inner ring of the wing plate, and the bottom end is fixed to the inner ring of the lower flange ring, the top end of the energy dissipation damper is hinged to the wing plate, and the bottom end is hinged to the lower flange ring.

[0011] As a preferred improvement, the support tube is divided into three sections from top to bottom, including a core section and two transition sections arranged at both ends of the core section. The transition sections are conical structures, and the opening width gradually increases in the direction away from the core section.

[0012] As a preferred improvement, the thickness of the core segment is equal at all locations, and the minimum thickness of the transition segment is not less than the thickness of the core segment.

[0013] As a preferred improvement, the wing plate is flush with the bottom end of the lower ring plate, and the wing plate surrounds the lower ring plate.

[0014] As a preferred improvement, the upper ring piece also includes stiffening ribs, which connect the upper ring piece and the lower ring piece, and the stiffening ribs are evenly distributed on the inner and outer sides of the upper ring piece. The stiffening ribs located on the outer side of the upper ring piece are fixed to the wing plate.

[0015] As a preferred improvement, the inner diameter of the lower flange ring is equal to the inner diameter of the wing plate, and the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the wing plate.

[0016] As a preferred improvement, the axis of the energy absorbing damper is parallel to the axis of the support tube, and there are multiple energy absorbing dampers, which are surrounded by the outside of the support tube and distributed in a circular array along the axis of the support tube.

[0017] As a preferred improvement, the energy-absorbing damper is connected to the wing plate through a first hinge seat, the top end of the energy-absorbing damper is inserted into the first hinge seat and is hinged to the first hinge seat through a first pin shaft, and the energy-absorbing damper can rotate around the first pin shaft; the energy-absorbing damper is connected to the lower flange ring through a second hinge seat, the bottom end of the energy-absorbing damper is inserted into the second hinge seat and is hinged to the second hinge seat through a second pin shaft, and the energy-absorbing damper can rotate around the second pin shaft.

[0018] A design method for the above-mentioned multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step S1, obtaining the maximum shear force F of the tower under different working conditions and the design limit of the displacement μ of the top of the tower from the design data, and converting them according to F=kμ to obtain the stiffness design limit k of the tower;

[0020] Step S2, based on the equivalent stiffness principle, the stiffness of the tower is equal to the sum of the stiffness of the tower and the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, and the stiffness design limit k2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure is obtained by converting the height H1 of the tower and the height H2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, which is expressed as:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein, I1 represents the section inertia moment of the tower, I2 represents the section inertia moment of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure; E represents the elastic modulus of the material; H represents the total height of the tower, H=H1+H2;

[0023] Step S3, based on the stiffness calculation principle, ignoring the influence of the upper flange ring and the lower flange ring on the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, constructing the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure ab The expression of is:

[0024] k ab =k a +k b =EI a +mk znq ;

[0025] In the formula, k a k represents the stiffness of the support tube; b I represents the stiffness of the energy dissipation damper; a represents the section inertia moment of the support tube; m represents the number of the energy-absorbing dampers, k znq Represents the stiffness of a single energy-absorbing damper; the support tube is divided into n segments, each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring, and based on the displacement equivalent principle, the cross-sectional inertia moment I of the support tube is a It is expressed as:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, h i represents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube, I i The section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support cylinder is expressed as:

[0028]

[0029] Where D irepresents the diameter of the i-th segment of the support segment, t i represents the thickness of the i-th segment of the support segment;

[0030] Step S4, selecting a design object, and using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve the optimal value of the structural parameters of the design object, the design object is the support tube and / or the energy dissipation damper, the structural parameters of the support tube include the height h of the i-th segment i , diameter D i and thickness t i The structural parameters of the energy dissipation damper include the stiffness k of a single energy dissipation damper znq and the number m of the energy dissipation dampers. During the solution process, the stiffness design value k2 of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure is assigned as an initial value to the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure. ab , assign the diameter and thickness of the bottom end of the tower as initial values ​​to the diameter D1 and t1 of the first segment of the support tube, and iterate until the model converges or reaches the maximum number of iterations;

[0031] Step S5, recalculating the stiffness k of the tower based on the optimal value of the solved design object structural parameter eq , based on the conversion relationship between stiffness and frequency, the frequency of the tower is calculated, and whether the frequency meets the design requirements is verified. If so, the optimal value of the structural parameter of the design object is selected as the design value. If not, return to step S4 to recalculate until the frequency of the tower meets the design requirements;

[0032] The frequency f of the tower is expressed as:

[0033]

[0034] Wherein, M represents the mass of the tower; k ep Represents the equivalent stiffness calculated according to the structural parameters of the design object.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] (1) By designing the transition section in the support tube as a conical structure, the design method of the wind turbine support structure is changed from the original elastic design to the elastic-plastic design. Under the same displacement and bearing capacity requirements, the use of component materials can be reduced, which plays a role in reducing costs and increasing efficiency;

[0037] (2) Concentrating the system energy consumption on the replaceable support tube can achieve the effect of damage control, so that the yield of the structure is concentrated on the support tube, and a higher redundancy is achieved;

[0038] (3) It can be combined with a variety of existing energy-absorbing dampers. Through the design method of the present invention, the wind turbine generator set can have excellent energy-absorbing capacity when subjected to various extreme working conditions. In addition, these support tubes also play an early warning role. After being damaged, they can be directly disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for assembly, replacement and repair. Under the condition of ensuring the shock absorption and energy consumption of the wind power structure, the repair work and cost after the structure is damaged are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0040] Figure 1 A reference diagram showing the use status of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 express Figure 2 A half-section view of a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure shown;

[0043] Figure 4 express Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure shown;

[0044] Figure 5 express Figure 2 A front view of a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure is shown;

[0045] Figure 6 express Figure 2 A top view of a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure is shown;

[0046] Figure 7 express Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the support cylinder shown;

[0047] Figure 8 A comparison diagram showing the capacity curves of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure provided by the present invention and the support structure in the prior art;

[0048] Fig. 9 An energy consumption curve diagram showing the multi-stage energy consumption wind power support structure provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 9 This embodiment provides a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure, wherein the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure 100 and the tower 200 together constitute a tower 400 for supporting a wind turbine 300. The tower 200 is generally regarded as an existing structure, and its Gaussian curvature is 0, and the mechanical characteristics presented are brittle. Therefore, the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure 100 needs to be designed to change the overall mechanical characteristics of the tower 400, so that the tower 400 is changed from an elastic design with extremely low redundancy to an elastic-plastic design with high redundancy.

[0052] The multi-stage energy dissipation wind power support structure 100 includes an upper flange ring 10, a lower flange ring 20, a support tube 30 and an energy dissipation damper 40. The upper flange ring 10 is fixed to the bottom end of the tower tube 200, and the lower flange ring 20 is fixed to the ground foundation. The upper flange ring 10 and the lower flange ring 20 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the support tube 30 and the energy dissipation damper 40 are both connected to the upper flange ring 10 and the lower flange ring 20.

[0053] The upper flange ring 10 includes an upper ring piece 11 , a lower ring piece 12 , a wing plate 13 and a stiffening rib 14 .

[0054] The upper ring piece 11 is located above the lower ring piece 12, and the two are fixed by bolts. The wing plate 13 is formed by extending outward from the side wall of the lower ring piece 12, and the wing plate 13 is flush with the bottom end of the lower ring piece 12, and the wing plate 13 surrounds the lower ring piece 12.

[0055] The stiffening ribs 14 are used to connect the upper ring piece 11 and the lower ring piece 12 to strengthen the connection. The stiffening ribs 14 are distributed on both the inner and outer sides of the upper ring piece 11. The stiffening ribs 14 are fixed to the upper ring piece 11 and the lower ring piece 12 by welding. The stiffening ribs 14 located on the outer side of the upper ring piece 11 are also fixed to the wing plate 13, and the fixing method is also selected to be welding.

[0056] The lower flange ring 20 is a common ring-type flange, and the inner diameter of the lower flange ring 20 is equal to the inner diameter of the wing plate 13, and the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the wing plate 13, so that the lower flange ring 20 and the wing plate 13 are completely aligned.

[0057] The top end of the support tube 30 is fixed to the inner ring of the wing plate 13, and the bottom end is fixed to the inner ring of the lower flange ring 20. In the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure 100, the influence of the upper flange ring 10 and the lower flange ring 20 on the system stiffness is not considered, and only the influence of the support tube 30 and the energy-consuming damper on the system stiffness is considered. Therefore, the Gaussian curvature of the support tube is selected as a negative number, and its section inertia moment is defined as follows:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, I a represents the cross-sectional inertia moment of the support tube; n represents that the support tube is divided into n segments, and each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring; h i represents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube, I i represents the section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support tube; h i-1 The height of the i-1th segment of the support tube.

[0060] Under the premise of ensuring the stiffness requirement of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure 100 , the overall capacity curve and destructive behavior of the tower 400 are changed by selecting the Gaussian curvature of the support tube 30 as a negative value.

[0061] Specifically, this embodiment provides a structural form of the support tube 30: the support tube 30 includes a core section 31 and two transition sections 32 arranged at both ends of the core section 31, and the transition section 32 is a conical structure, and the opening width gradually increases away from the core section 31. It can be understood that one transition section 32 is used to connect to the wing plate 13, and the other transition section 32 is used to connect to the lower flange ring 20.

[0062] From the overall structure, the structural form of the support tube 30 meets the requirement that the Gaussian curvature is a negative number, and the transition section 32 is set to a conical form, which can make the stiffness change evenly on the one hand, and on the other hand, the transition section 32 and the core section 31 form a stress concentration layer, so that the failure section of the support tube 30 will only occur between the core section 31 and the transition section 32, so that the deformation part of the system is controlled within the support tube 30, and it is easy to realize centralized monitoring and control of deformation. Compared with the traditional straight tube form, the failure form of the support tube 30 can also be changed from brittle failure to ductile failure, which greatly improves the redundancy of the support tube 30.

[0063] The thickness of the core segment 31 is equal at all locations, and the thickness of the transition segment 32 can be equal at all locations or can vary evenly, but the minimum thickness needs to be no less than the thickness of the core segment 31 .

[0064] Preferably, the two transition segments 32 are integrally formed with the core segment 31 .

[0065] Specifically, the transition section 32 includes a wide end and a narrow end that are relatively arranged. The two transition sections 32 are divided into an upper transition section and a lower transition section. The wide end of the upper transition section is fixed to the upper flange ring 10, and the narrow end is fixed to the top of the core section 31; the narrow end of the lower transition section is fixed to the bottom end of the core section 31, and the wide end is fixed to the ground foundation; the bottom end of the tower, the upper flange ring 10 and the wide end of the upper transition section have equal diameters.

[0066] Since the Gaussian curvature of the support tube 30 is negative, its structure is concave and there is a large margin in space. The energy-absorbing damper 40 can be installed using the margin in the space of the support tube 30 to supplement the support tube 30 and provide additional rigidity support for the system.

[0067] The top end of the energy dissipation damper 40 is hinged to the wing plate 13, and the bottom end is hinged to the lower flange ring 20. The axis of the energy dissipation damper 40 is parallel to the axis of the support tube 30, so that the force directions of the two are consistent. Specifically, the energy dissipation damper 40 is connected to the wing plate 13 through a first hinge seat, the top end of the energy dissipation damper 40 is inserted into the first hinge seat and hinged to the first hinge seat through a first pin shaft, and the energy dissipation damper 40 can rotate around the first pin shaft; the energy dissipation damper 40 is connected to the lower flange ring 20 through a second hinge seat, the bottom end of the energy dissipation damper 40 is inserted into the second hinge seat and hinged to the second hinge seat through a second pin shaft, and the energy dissipation damper 40 can rotate around the second pin shaft. The hinged manner allows the two ends of the energy dissipation damper 40 to have a certain degree of freedom, which can adapt to the special situation that the wing plate 13 and the lower flange ring 20 deviate from the parallel position, and can still provide a stable energy dissipation effect in this situation.

[0068] There are multiple energy dissipation dampers 40, which are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the support tube 30. From a structural point of view, the multiple energy dissipation dampers 40 are evenly arranged on the outside of the support tube 30, and the multiple energy dissipation dampers 40 are parallel to each other.

[0069] The purpose of the wing plate 13 is to install the energy dissipation damper 40 so that the energy dissipation damper 40 and the support tube 30 can be subjected to force in coordination. The deformation of the support tube 30 is amplified by the extension of the wing plate 13, so that the energy dissipation damper 40 obtains a larger displacement, thereby providing a better energy dissipation effect within the elastic range.

[0070] The energy dissipation damper 40 can be selected as a viscous damper, a friction energy dissipation damper, a buckling restraint support or a component with self-reset capability according to actual needs, and this embodiment will not be described in detail. By adjusting the parameters of the energy dissipation damper 40 and changing its nonlinear parameters, the energy dissipation damper 40 can be made to yield or reach the limit load condition before the support tube 30, so as to play a warning role.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a design method for a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step S1, obtaining the maximum shear force F of the tower under different working conditions and the design limit of the displacement μ of the tower top from the design data, and converting according to F=kμ to obtain the stiffness design limit k of the tower.

[0074] Step S2, based on the equivalent stiffness principle, the stiffness of the tower is equal to the sum of the stiffness of the tower and the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, and the stiffness design limit k2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure is obtained by converting the height H1 of the tower and the height H2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, which is expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, I1 represents the cross-sectional inertia moment of the tower, I2 represents the cross-sectional inertia moment of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure; E represents the elastic modulus of the material; H represents the total height of the tower, H=H1+H2.

[0077] Step S3, based on the stiffness calculation principle, ignoring the influence of the upper flange ring and the lower flange ring on the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, constructing the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure ab The expression of is:

[0078] k ab =k a +k b =EI a +mk znq ;

[0079] In the formula, k ak represents the stiffness of the support tube; b I represents the stiffness of the energy dissipation damper; a represents the section inertia moment of the support tube; m represents the number of the energy-absorbing dampers, k znq Represents the stiffness of a single energy-absorbing damper; the support tube is divided into n segments, each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring, and based on the displacement equivalent principle, the cross-sectional inertia moment I of the support tube a It is expressed as:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, h i represents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube, I i The section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support cylinder is expressed as:

[0082]

[0083] Where D i represents the diameter of the i-th segment of the support segment, t i represents the thickness of the i-th segment of the support segment.

[0084] Step S4, selecting a design object, and using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve the optimal value of the structural parameters of the design object, the design object is the support tube and / or the energy dissipation damper, the structural parameters of the support tube include the height h of the i-th segment i , diameter D i and thickness t i The structural parameters of the energy dissipation damper include the stiffness k of a single energy dissipation damper znq and the number m of the energy dissipation dampers. During the solution process, the stiffness design value k2 of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure is assigned as an initial value to the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure. ab , assign the diameter and thickness of the bottom end of the tower as initial values ​​to the diameter D1 and t1 of the first segment of the support tube, and iterate the solution until the model converges or reaches the maximum number of iterations.

[0085] The selection of the design object is determined according to actual needs, that is, the support tube or the energy dissipation damper can be designed separately, or the support tube and the energy dissipation damper can be designed as a whole.

[0086] Step S5, recalculating the stiffness k of the tower based on the optimal value of the solved design object structural parameter eqBased on the conversion relationship between stiffness and frequency, the frequency of the tower is calculated to verify whether the frequency meets the design requirements. If so, the optimal value of the structural parameter of the design object is selected as the design value. If not, return to step S4 to recalculate until the frequency of the tower meets the design requirements.

[0087] The frequency of the tower is expressed as:

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, M represents the mass of the tower; k ep represents the equivalent stiffness calculated according to the structural parameters of the design object;

[0090] After step S5, a step of verifying the strength, stability and fatigue performance of the tower is also included, which can be done by conventional techniques in the art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure, characterized in that: The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure and the tower together constitute a tower for supporting a wind turbine generator set. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure includes an upper flange ring, a lower flange ring, a support tube and an energy-consuming damper. The upper flange ring and the lower flange ring are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The support tube and the energy-consuming damper are both fixed to the upper flange ring at one end and fixed to the lower flange ring at the other end. The upper flange ring is fixed to the bottom end of the tower, and the lower flange ring is fixed to the ground foundation. The Gaussian curvature of the tower is 0. The support tube is a hollow annular structure, and its Gaussian curvature is a negative number. The section moment of inertia of the support tube satisfies the following conditions: In the formula, I a represents the cross-sectional inertia moment of the support tube; n represents that the support tube is divided into n segments, and each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring; I i represents the section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support tube; h i represents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube; h i-1 Represents the height of the i-1th segment of the support tube.

2. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper flange ring includes an upper ring piece and a lower ring piece fixed to each other, the side wall of the lower ring piece extends outward in a circular direction to form a wing plate, the top end of the support tube is fixed to the inner ring of the wing plate, and the bottom end is fixed to the inner ring of the lower flange ring, the top end of the energy dissipation damper is hinged to the wing plate, and the bottom end is hinged to the lower flange ring.

3. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support tube is divided into three sections from top to bottom, including a core section and two transition sections arranged at both ends of the core section. The transition sections are conical structures, and the opening width gradually increases in the direction away from the core section.

4. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The thickness of the core segment is equal at all locations, and the minimum thickness of the transition segment is not less than the thickness of the core segment.

5. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wing plate is flush with the bottom end of the lower ring piece, and the wing plate surrounds the lower ring piece.

6. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper ring piece also includes stiffening ribs, which connect the upper ring piece and the lower ring piece. The stiffening ribs are evenly distributed on the inner and outer sides of the upper ring piece, and the stiffening ribs located on the outer side of the upper ring piece are fixed to the wing plate.

7. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inner diameter of the lower flange ring is equal to the inner diameter of the wing plate, and the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the wing plate.

8. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The axis of the energy dissipation damper is parallel to the axis of the support tube. There are multiple energy dissipation dampers, which surround the outside of the support tube and are distributed in a ring array along the axis of the support tube.

9. The multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing damper is connected to the wing plate through a first hinge seat, the top end of the energy-absorbing damper is inserted into the first hinge seat and is hinged to the first hinge seat through a first pin shaft, and the energy-absorbing damper can rotate around the first pin shaft; the energy-absorbing damper is connected to the lower flange ring through a second hinge seat, the bottom end of the energy-absorbing damper is inserted into the second hinge seat and is hinged to the second hinge seat through a second pin shaft, and the energy-absorbing damper can rotate around the second pin shaft.

10. A design method for a multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, obtaining the maximum shear force F of the tower under different working conditions and the design limit of the displacement μ of the top of the tower from the design data, and converting them according to F=kμ to obtain the stiffness design limit k of the tower; Step S2, based on the equivalent stiffness principle, the stiffness of the tower is equal to the sum of the stiffness of the tower and the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, and the stiffness design limit k2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure is obtained by converting the height H1 of the tower and the height H2 of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, which is expressed as: Wherein, I1 represents the section inertia moment of the tower, I2 represents the section inertia moment of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind power support structure; E represents the elastic modulus of the material; H represents the total height of the tower, H=H1+H2; Step S3, based on the stiffness calculation principle, ignoring the influence of the upper flange ring and the lower flange ring on the stiffness of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure, constructing the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy-consuming wind turbine support structure ab The expression of is: k ab =k a +k b =NO a +mk znq ; In the formula, k a k represents the stiffness of the support tube; b I represents the stiffness of the energy dissipation damper; a represents the section inertia moment of the support tube; m represents the number of the energy-absorbing dampers, k znq Represents the stiffness of a single energy-absorbing damper; the support tube is divided into n segments, each segment is regarded as a uniform circular ring, and based on the displacement equivalent principle, the cross-sectional inertia moment I of the support tube is a It is expressed as: In the formula, h i represents the height of the i-th segment of the support tube, I i The section inertia moment of the i-th segment of the support cylinder is expressed as: Where D i represents the diameter of the i-th segment of the support segment, t i represents the thickness of the i-th segment of the support segment; Step S4, selecting a design object, and using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve the optimal value of the structural parameters of the design object, the design object is the support tube and / or the energy dissipation damper, the structural parameters of the support tube include the height h of the i-th segment i , diameter D i and thickness t i The structural parameters of the energy dissipation damper include the stiffness k of a single energy dissipation damper znq and the number m of the energy dissipation dampers. During the solution process, the stiffness design value k2 of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure is assigned as an initial value to the stiffness k of the multi-stage energy dissipation wind turbine support structure. ab , assign the diameter and thickness of the bottom end of the tower as initial values ​​to the diameter D1 and t1 of the first segment of the support tube, and iterate until the model converges or reaches the maximum number of iterations; Step S5, recalculating the stiffness k of the tower based on the optimal value of the solved design object structural parameter eq , based on the conversion relationship between stiffness and frequency, the frequency of the tower is calculated, and whether the frequency meets the design requirements is verified. If so, the optimal value of the structural parameter of the design object is selected as the design value. If not, return to step S4 to recalculate until the frequency of the tower meets the design requirements; The frequency f of the tower is expressed as: Wherein, M represents the mass of the tower; k ep Represents the equivalent stiffness calculated according to the structural parameters of the design object.

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