Disc brake capable of monitoring temperature field of brake pad in real time

Abstract

The invention discloses a disc brake capable of monitoring a temperature field of a brake pad in real time, which comprises a first axle body and the brake pad, a fiber bragg grating temperature sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body; a temperature conducting plate is detachably connected between the first bridge body and the brake pad, the temperature conducting plate is in close fit with the first bridge body and the brake pad, and the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor senses the temperature change of the brake pad transmitted by the temperature conducting plate. The fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are embedded in the inner walls of the first bridge body and the second bridge body, the temperature of the brake pad is transmitted through the temperature guide plate, the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors sense the temperature of the temperature guide plate, and then temperature distribution of the brake pad is monitored. Furthermore, due to the fact that the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors are embedded in the inner walls of the first bridge body and the second bridge body, when the brake pad needs to be replaced, the fiber bragg grating temperature sensors do not need to be replaced together, cost is saved, the structure is relatively simple, and maintenance is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of brakes, and in particular to a disc brake for real-time monitoring of the temperature field of a brake pad. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle braking system generally consists of a brake caliper with brake pads installed and a brake disc fixed on the vehicle's main shaft. When the vehicle needs to brake, braking is achieved through the friction between the brake pads and the brake disc. However, when the friction between the brake pads and the brake disc lasts too long, excessive frictional heat will generate excessive friction failure, which will in turn lead to brake failure.

[0003] The existing technical solution combines thermocouples with the brake system, but on the one hand, since the thermocouples are all single-sensor wired, the vehicle needs to add a large number of new lines, and the process modification is complicated; on the other hand, the thermocouple can only measure the temperature of a single point and cannot simulate the temperature field. In real cases, thermal runaway of the brake system is often caused by local high temperature, but adding measurement points is not feasible for the thermocouple solution; at the same time, the existing thermocouple solutions mostly use solutions combined with brake pads, but the brake system often fails prematurely due to factors such as frequent high temperature, vibration and friction during the service of the vehicle, and the long-term reliability of this technical solution is questionable.

[0004] In addition, Chinese patent CN113252209B discloses a high-temperature resistant, fast-response fiber grating temperature sensor implanted in a vehicle brake. However, the brake pad is a consumable component. If a sensor is combined with the brake pad, a new grating sensor needs to be replaced each time the brake pad is replaced, so the loss is greater and the economy is poor. On the other hand, there is a risk of damaging the fiber optic sensor during the wear of the brake pad, and the long-term reliability is poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a disc brake which is convenient for maintenance and can monitor the temperature field of brake pads in real time.

[0006] The present application provides a disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field, comprising: First axle body and brake pads; A fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body; A thermal conduction plate is detachably connected between the first bridge body and the brake pad. The thermal conduction plate is closely matched with the first bridge body and the brake pad. The fiber grating temperature sensor senses the temperature change of the brake pad transmitted by the thermal conduction plate.

[0007] Furthermore, a first groove is provided on the inner wall of the first bridge body, the shape of the first groove matches the shape of the brake pad, and a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is embedded in the first groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor includes a first fiber lead and a fiber Bragg grating, and a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings are arranged at intervals on the first fiber lead for simultaneously monitoring temperature changes of different parts of the brake pad.

[0009] Furthermore, the brake pad includes two brake blocks arranged in parallel, the brake blocks are fan-shaped, and the end points of the first optical fiber lead corresponding to the brake blocks are respectively provided with optical fiber gratings.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the first bridge body corresponding to the inner area of ​​the brake pad is provided with a second groove and a third groove with the same shape, the second groove and the third groove are respectively provided with a second optical fiber lead and a third optical fiber lead, and the second optical fiber lead and the third optical fiber lead are respectively provided with the plurality of optical fiber gratings at intervals.

[0011] Furthermore, the first optical fiber lead includes an optical fiber, an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which are sequentially sleeved, the inner sleeve is in a long cylindrical shape and is made of stainless steel, and the outer sleeve is braided with metal wires or wrapped with metal tape; the optical fiber is connected to the optical fiber grating.

[0012] Furthermore, a polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve to protect the optical fiber and the optical fiber grating placed in the inner sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a host computer acquisition system for acquiring the central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor and converting the central wavelength into temperature information at the position of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor; The host computer acquisition system includes a conversion function module, a parameter configuration function module, a real-time temperature display module, a historical temperature display module, a storage function module and a three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; The parameter configuration function module is used to receive the configuration parameters input from the outside and output the configuration parameters to the conversion function module; A conversion function module, used to convert the central wavelength into temperature information according to the configuration parameters, and output the temperature information to the real-time temperature display module and the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; A real-time temperature display module is used to display temperature information in real time as a temperature change curve, and output the temperature change curve to the storage function module; A storage function module is used to store a temperature change curve; A historical temperature display module is used to retrieve and display the historical temperature change curve from the storage function module; The three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module is used to reconstruct the temperature field of the brake structure according to the temperature information corresponding to each fiber grating temperature sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, a grating fiber demodulator is electrically connected between the host computer acquisition system and the fiber grating temperature sensor, and the grating fiber demodulator includes a scanning light source, an optical path module and a signal acquisition and processing circuit; The scanning light source is used to send an optical signal to the fiber grating temperature sensor; The optical path module is used to receive the reflected light signal of the fiber grating temperature sensor and convert the reflected light signal into an electrical signal; The signal acquisition and processing circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a central wavelength and output it to a host computer acquisition system.

[0015] Furthermore, the multiple fiber grating temperature sensors are electrically connected to a fiber splitter, and the fiber splitter is used to output multi-path reflected light signals of the multiple fiber grating temperature sensors to a fiber grating demodulator.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body and the second bridge body, transmits the temperature of the brake pad through the thermal conductive plate, and the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor senses the temperature of the thermal conductive plate, thereby monitoring the temperature distribution of the brake pad. Furthermore, since the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body and the second bridge body, when the brake pad needs to be replaced, the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor does not need to be replaced together, thereby saving costs, having a relatively simple structure, and being easy to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brake caliper of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structural coordination of the brake caliper of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the first bridge body of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature conducting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a brake caliper of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first optical fiber lead of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fiber Bragg grating of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals include: Brake caliper 1; first bridge body 11; first groove 111; second groove 112; third groove 113; second bridge body 12; fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13; first optical fiber lead 131; optical fiber 1311; inner sleeve 1312; outer sleeve 1313; fiber Bragg grating 132; second optical fiber lead 133; third optical fiber lead 134; Brake disc 2; Brake pad 3; brake block 31; Thermal conductive plate 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the disc brake for real-time monitoring of the temperature field of brake pads provided by the present invention comprises a brake caliper 1 and a brake disc 2. The brake disc 2 is usually in the shape of a disc. The brake disc 2 is fixedly connected to the wheel hub (not shown in the figure), and is connected to the axle (not shown in the figure) through the wheel hub, thereby realizing synchronous rotation with the axle. The brake caliper 1 is fixedly connected to the suspension of the vehicle (not shown in the figure), and two brake pads 3 of the brake caliper 1 that are arranged opposite to each other contact with both sides of the brake disc 2 to generate friction, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the axle, thereby reducing the driving speed of the vehicle.

[0022] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the cross-section of the brake caliper 1 is arc-shaped, and the brake caliper 1 includes a first bridge body 11 and a second bridge body 12 fixedly connected to each other, the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 are connected to form a hollow cavity and are provided with an opening for the brake disc 2 to be inserted, and the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 are fixedly connected to the suspension of the vehicle.

[0023] The first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 have a first groove 111 on their inner walls. The first groove 111 is W-shaped and matches the shape of the brake pad 3. Of course, the first groove 111 may also be V-shaped or other shapes, without special limitation.

[0024] like Figure 4 and 8As shown, a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 is embedded in the first groove 111, and the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 includes a first fiber lead 131 and a fiber Bragg grating 132. A plurality of fiber Bragg gratings 132 are arranged at intervals on the first fiber lead 131, so as to simultaneously monitor the temperature changes of different parts of the brake pad 3. Specifically, the brake pad 3 includes two brake blocks 31 arranged in parallel, and the brake blocks 31 are fan-shaped. The first fiber lead 131 is respectively provided with fiber Bragg gratings 132 at the four ends corresponding to the brake blocks 31, so as to monitor the temperature distribution of the brake blocks 31. Of course, the grating optical fiber 1311 can also be arranged in the internal area corresponding to the brake block 31, so as to monitor the temperature of the internal area corresponding to the brake block 31.

[0025] like Figure 3 and 5 As shown, a heat conducting plate 6 is detachably connected between the inner wall of the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 and the brake pad 3. The heat conducting plate 6 is fan-shaped and made of metal, preferably iron, and is used to transfer the temperature on the brake pad 3 to the fiber grating temperature sensor 13. The heat conducting plate 6 is tightly matched with the inner wall of the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 and the brake pad 3. The size of the heat conducting plate 6 is larger than the size of the brake pad 3, and is used to fix the brake pad 3 in the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12.

[0026] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, two brake pads 3 are provided opposite to each other on the inner walls of the two heat conduction plates 6. The brake pads 3 are fan-shaped and are usually made of resin, rubber or glass fiber. The brake disc is located between the two brake pads 3. The hydraulic piston of the brake caliper 1 drives the two brake pads 3 to press the brake disc 2, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the brake disc 2. At the same time, the friction between the brake pads 3 and the brake disc 2 causes the temperature of the brake disc 2 to rise, and the temperature of the fixing frame and the brake disc 2 rises, and the fiber grating temperature sensor 13 senses the temperature of the heat conduction plate 6.

[0027] The present invention adopts the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12, and the temperature of the brake pad 3 is transmitted through the thermal conductive plate 6. The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 senses the temperature of the thermal conductive plate 6, and then monitors the temperature distribution of the brake pad 3. Furthermore, since the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 is embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12, when the brake pad 3 needs to be replaced, it is not necessary to replace the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 together, thereby saving costs, having a relatively simple structure, and being easy to maintain.

[0028] In addition, the present invention is not limited to using only one optical fiber lead, and multiple optical fiber leads may also be used. At the same time, multiple optical fiber gratings 132 are arranged at intervals on the multiple optical fiber leads 1311, and the positions of the optical fiber gratings 132 are arranged corresponding to the internal area of ​​the brake pad 3, so that the temperature change of the brake pad 3 can be sensed more quickly. Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the inner walls of the first bridge body 11 and the second bridge body 12 are respectively provided with second grooves 112 and third grooves 113 of the same shape corresponding to the internal areas of the brake pad 3, and the second optical fiber leads 133 and the third optical fiber leads 134 are respectively provided in the second grooves 112 and the third grooves 113, and a plurality of optical fiber gratings 132 are respectively provided on the second optical fiber leads 133 and the third optical fiber leads 134 for sensing the temperature changes of the heat conduction plate 6, thereby more comprehensively monitoring the temperature changes of various parts in the area of ​​the brake pad 3.

[0029] like Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the first optical fiber lead 131 includes an optical fiber 1311, an inner sleeve 1312 and an outer sleeve 1313 which are sequentially sleeved. The inner sleeve 1312 is in the shape of a long tube and made of stainless steel. A polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 1312 to protect the optical fiber 1311 sleeved in the inner sleeve 1312 and the optical fiber grating 132 connected to the optical fiber 1311, thereby providing excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and electrical insulation performance. The outer sleeve 1313 is in the shape of a long tube and is usually braided with metal wire or wrapped with metal tape to provide mechanical protection and anti-electromagnetic interference capability; the optical fiber 1311 is connected to the optical fiber grating 132.

[0030] The disc brake for real-time monitoring of the temperature field of the brake pad of the present invention also includes a host computer acquisition system, which is used to acquire the central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13, and convert the central wavelength into the temperature information at the position of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13, so as to realize the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction of the brake. The host computer acquisition system includes a conversion function module, a parameter configuration function module, a real-time temperature display module, a historical temperature display module, a storage function module and a three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; the parameter configuration function module receives the configuration parameters input from the outside, and outputs the configuration parameters to the conversion function module; the conversion function module converts the central wavelength into temperature information according to the configuration parameters, and outputs the temperature information to the real-time temperature display module and the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; the real-time temperature display module displays the temperature information in real time as a temperature change curve, and outputs the temperature change curve to the storage function module; the storage function module is used to store the temperature change curve; the historical temperature display module is used to retrieve the historical temperature change curve from the storage function module and display it; the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module is used to realize the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction of the brake structure to be tested according to the temperature information corresponding to each fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13.

[0031] A grating fiber demodulator is electrically connected between the host computer acquisition system and the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13, and the grating fiber demodulator includes a scanning light source, an optical path module, and a signal acquisition and processing circuit. The scanning light source is used to send an optical signal to the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13; the optical path module is used to receive the reflected light signal of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 and convert the reflected light signal into an electrical signal; the signal acquisition and processing circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a central wavelength and output it to the host computer acquisition system. Furthermore, the number of fiber Bragg grating demodulators is determined by the number of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors 13, and the reflected light signals of multiple fiber Bragg gratings 132 of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 13 are transmitted to multiple channels of the same fiber Bragg grating demodulator.

[0032] The multiple fiber grating temperature sensors 13 are electrically connected to a fiber splitter, which connects the multi-path reflected light signals of the multiple fiber grating temperature sensors 13 in parallel and outputs them to a fiber grating demodulator; the fiber grating demodulator is connected to the host computer acquisition system through a network switch.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0034] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0035] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field, characterized in that: include, A first bridge body (11) and a brake pad (3); A fiber grating temperature sensor (13) is embedded in the inner wall of the first bridge body (11); A thermal conduction plate (6) is detachably connected between the first bridge body (11) and the brake pad (3); the thermal conduction plate (6) is tightly matched with the first bridge body (11) and the brake pad (3); and the fiber grating temperature sensor (13) senses temperature changes of the brake pad (3) transmitted by the thermal conduction plate (6).

2. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the first bridge body (11) is provided with a first groove (111), the shape of the first groove (111) matches the shape of the brake pad (3), and a fiber grating temperature sensor (13) is embedded in the first groove (111).

3. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fiber grating temperature sensor (13) comprises a first fiber lead (131) and a fiber grating (132), and a plurality of fiber gratings (132) are arranged at intervals on the first fiber lead (131) for simultaneously monitoring temperature changes at different parts of the brake pad (3).

4. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brake pad (3) comprises two brake blocks (31) arranged in parallel, the brake blocks (31) are fan-shaped, and the end points of the first optical fiber lead (131) corresponding to the brake blocks (31) are respectively provided with optical fiber gratings (132).

5. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the first bridge body (11) is provided with a second groove (112) and a third groove (113) at intervals and in the same shape corresponding to the inner area of ​​the brake pad (3); a second optical fiber (1311) lead and a third optical fiber (1311) lead are respectively provided in the second groove (112) and the third groove (113); and the plurality of optical fiber gratings (132) are respectively provided at intervals on the second optical fiber (1311) lead and the third optical fiber (1311) lead.

6. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first optical fiber lead (131) comprises an optical fiber (1311), an inner sleeve (1312) and an outer sleeve (1313) which are sequentially sleeved; the inner sleeve (1312) is in the shape of a long tube and is made of stainless steel; the outer sleeve (1313) is made of braided metal wire or wrapped with a metal tape; the optical fiber (1311) is connected to the optical fiber grating (132).

7. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner sleeve (1312) is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer, which is used to protect the optical fiber (1311) and the optical fiber grating (132) placed in the inner sleeve (1312).

8. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a host computer acquisition system, which is used to acquire the central wavelength of the fiber grating temperature sensor (13) and convert the central wavelength into temperature information at the position of the fiber grating temperature sensor (13); The host computer acquisition system includes a conversion function module, a parameter configuration function module, a real-time temperature display module, a historical temperature display module, a storage function module and a three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; The parameter configuration function module is used to receive the configuration parameters input from the outside and output the configuration parameters to the conversion function module; A conversion function module, used to convert the central wavelength into temperature information according to the configuration parameters, and output the temperature information to the real-time temperature display module and the three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module; A real-time temperature display module is used to display temperature information in real time as a temperature change curve, and output the temperature change curve to the storage function module; Storage function module, used for storing temperature change curve; A historical temperature display module is used to retrieve and display the historical temperature change curve from the storage function module; A three-dimensional temperature field reconstruction module is used to reconstruct the temperature field of the brake structure according to the temperature information corresponding to each fiber grating temperature sensor (13).

9. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 8, characterized in that: A grating fiber demodulator is electrically connected between the host computer acquisition system and the fiber grating temperature sensor (13), and the grating fiber demodulator comprises a scanning light source, an optical path module and a signal acquisition and processing circuit; The scanning light source is used to send a light signal to the fiber grating temperature sensor (13); The optical path module is used to receive the reflected light signal of the fiber grating temperature sensor (13) and convert the reflected light signal into an electrical signal; The signal acquisition and processing circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a central wavelength and output it to a host computer acquisition system.

10. The disc brake for real-time monitoring of brake pad temperature field according to claim 9, characterized in that: The multiple fiber grating temperature sensors (13) are electrically connected to a fiber grating splitter, and the fiber grating splitter is used to output multi-path reflected light signals of the multiple fiber grating temperature sensors (13) to a fiber grating demodulator.

Images