Perpendicularity detection device and detection method for tower crane

Abstract

The invention discloses a verticality detection device and method for a tower crane, and the device comprises a detection box, a swing frame is disposed in the detection box, an adjusting swing ball is rotatably disposed on the swing frame, one end of the adjusting swing ball is connected with a counterweight swing ball, and the other end of the adjusting swing ball is connected with a detection disc. The axis of the detection disc, the axis of the adjusting pendulum ball and the axis of the counterweight pendulum ball coincide. The top of the detection box is also provided with a plurality of distance detection modules, and each distance detection module is used for measuring height values of different measurement point positions of the detection disc; the output end of the distance detection module is further electrically connected with a controller. According to the method, equipment such as a theodolite does not need to be erected any more, the erecting environment of the equipment such as the theodolite does not have any requirement, the measurement difficulty is reduced, meanwhile, the perpendicularity detection program is simplified as much as possible, and the detection efficiency is improved; and meanwhile, real-time detection and real-time monitoring of perpendicularity parameters are also realized, and the convenience and timeliness of data detection are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of construction equipment, and in particular to a verticality detection device and a detection method for a tower crane. Background Art

[0002] Tower crane is a kind of high-altitude air-conditioning equipment widely used in modern buildings. In order to ensure the safe operation of tower crane, the verticality of tower crane needs to be checked regularly or irregularly during installation and daily use. In the prior art, the verticality of tower crane is generally checked manually by tools such as theodolite or square. Although the detection of square is simple, the detection error is large, and the detection method such as theodolite is cumbersome to operate, which is not conducive to simplifying the detection procedure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a verticality detection device and detection method for a tower crane, aiming to solve the defect of complicated measurement procedures in the prior art.

[0004] This application achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A verticality detection device for a tower crane, comprising a detection box;

[0006] A swing frame, the swing frame is arranged in the detection box, an adjusting swing ball is rotatably arranged on the swing frame, and one end of the adjusting swing ball is connected to a counterweight swing ball;

[0007] A detection plate, wherein the detection plate is connected to the adjusting pendulum ball, and the axis of the detection plate, the axis of the adjusting pendulum ball and the axis of the counterweight pendulum ball coincide with each other;

[0008] A distance detection module, which is disposed on the top of the detection box and is used to measure the height values ​​of at least three different measurement points on the detection plate;

[0009] A controller is electrically connected to each of the distance detection modules.

[0010] Optionally, the detection box is also filled with lubricating oil, and the swing frame, the adjusting swing ball and the counterweight swing ball are all immersed in the lubricating oil; the detection plate is located above the lubricating oil liquid surface.

[0011] Optionally, the swing frame includes a swing ring and a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rods are evenly arranged around the axis of the swing ring, and one end of each connecting rod is respectively connected to the swing ring; a plurality of support seats are also provided in the detection box, and each support seat is respectively connected to the free end of the connecting rod.

[0012] Optionally, a swinging groove adapted to the adjusting swing ball is provided on the swinging ring, and a limiting ring is connected to the top of the swinging ring, and the inner wall of the limiting ring is in contact with the surface of the adjusting swing ball.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting hole is provided on the adjusting pendulum ball, the axis of the connecting hole passes through the center of the adjusting pendulum ball, and the connecting hole passes through the adjusting pendulum ball; a connecting rod is also threadedly connected in the connecting hole, the bottom end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the counterweight pendulum ball, and the top end of the connecting rod is connected to the detection disk.

[0014] Optionally, a blocking ring is further provided in the detection box, and along the height direction of the detection box, the blocking ring is located at the lower side of the detection disk, and the detection disk and the projection of the blocking ring partially overlap; a sealing cover is also provided on the top of the detection box.

[0015] Optionally, the distance detection module includes at least 3 laser ranging sensors and / or infrared ranging sensors; a support sleeve is also arranged between the detection box and the sealing cover, a mounting plate is arranged in the support sleeve, and a plurality of groups of coaxially arranged limit tubes and detection holes are arranged on the mounting plate around the axis of the mounting plate, and each of the laser ranging sensors and / or infrared ranging sensors is respectively plugged into each of the limit tubes.

[0016] Optionally, at least three supporting legs are provided at the bottom of the detection box, and one end of each supporting leg is provided with a connecting bolt for connecting to a tower crane; the other end of each supporting leg is hingedly connected to the detection box through a pin shaft, and a locking nut is also provided on the pin shaft.

[0017] Correspondingly, the present application also discloses a detection method based on the above-mentioned verticality detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Install the detection device and obtain its standard normal;

[0019] Obtaining an actual distance value measured by the distance detection module;

[0020] Calculate the actual coordinate value of each detection point according to the actual distance value;

[0021] Generating a fitting surface and a fitting normal line of the detection disk according to the actual coordinate values;

[0022] The vertical deviation of the tower crane is calculated according to the standard normal line and the fitting normal line.

[0023] Optionally, the calculation expression of the actual coordinate value is ΔZ1=Z0-h1, ΔZ2=Z0-h2, ..., ΔZ n =Z0-h n, where n represents the number of each detection point, Z0 represents the initial value, which is a constant; h1, h2, ..., h n Respectively represent the actual distance values, ΔZ1, ΔZ2, ..., ΔZ n Respectively represent the actual coordinate values ​​of each detection point.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present application includes a detection box, in which a swing frame is arranged, on which an adjustment pendulum ball is rotatably arranged, one end of the adjustment pendulum ball is connected to a counterweight pendulum ball, and the other end is connected to a detection disk, and the axis of the detection disk, the axis of the adjustment pendulum ball and the axis of the counterweight pendulum ball coincide; a plurality of distance detection modules are also arranged on the top of the detection box, each of which is used to measure the height value of different measuring points of the detection disk; the output end of the distance detection module is also electrically connected to a controller;

[0026] Correspondingly, the present application also discloses a detection method for the above detection device, firstly, the detection device is installed at the installation point of the tower crane, and the entire detection device is leveled at the same time. After the adjustment is completed, the standard normal of the detection device is obtained, and then the actual distance value measured by each distance detection module is obtained, and the actual coordinate value of each detection point is calculated according to the actual distance value; then, the fitting surface and fitting normal of the detection disk are generated according to the actual coordinate value; finally, the vertical deviation of the tower crane is calculated according to the standard normal and the fitting normal;

[0027] During actual use, the detection disk in the detection device after debugging is in a horizontal state, and the distance parameters obtained by each distance detection module are equal at this time; at the same time, the counterweight swing ball is always in a vertical state under the action of its own gravity. When the verticality of the tower crane changes, the counterweight swing ball will adjust itself under the action of its own gravity and always maintain a vertical state, thereby driving the adjustment swing ball to rotate, and finally driving the detection disk to tilt. Since the detection disk is in a horizontal state in the initial state, the inclination angle of the detection disk is the same as the inclination angle of the tower crane, and the inclination of the detection disk will cause the distance values ​​detected by each distance detection module to change, that is, some become larger and some become smaller. Based on the principle of three-point coplanarity, the top surface of the detection disk can be fitted and generated by detecting the height values ​​of at least 3 different detection points, and its fitting normal can be generated by fitting the generated top surface. The inclination angle and inclination direction of the detection disk can be calculated by the fitting normal and the standard normal.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application no longer requires the installation of equipment such as theodolites, and has no requirements for the installation environment of equipment such as theodolites. While reducing the measurement difficulty, the verticality detection procedure is simplified as much as possible, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0029] Secondly, the present application is installed on the tower crane, so the detection parameters of the detection device can change in real time with the change of the verticality parameters of the tower crane, realizing the real-time detection and real-time monitoring of the verticality parameters, which improves the convenience and timeliness of data detection on the one hand, and on the other hand, the present application can obtain a series of verticality parameters continuously distributed on the time axis, which can improve the data richness and timely discover the trend of deterioration of the verticality of the tower crane through data analysis, and timely correct and intervene, that is, realize the pre-prevention and correction of the verticality of the tower crane, timely discover safety hazards, and ensure the safe operation of the tower crane; at the same time, compared with post-maintenance, pre-correction can also effectively reduce the maintenance cost of the tower crane;

[0030] Finally, the present application can realize the detection of the detection plate through a counterweight pendulum ball, which has a simple structure and can effectively reduce the hardware cost of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a verticality detection device for a tower crane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 An exploded view of a verticality detection device for a tower crane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a verticality detection device for a tower crane provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the swing frame and the adjusting swing ball;

[0035] Figure 5 The exploded view of the swing frame and the adjusting swing ball;

[0036] Figure 6 A flow chart of the detection method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is the detection principle diagram of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is the calculation principle diagram of the vertical deviation of this application.

[0039] Figure markings: 1-detection box, 2-swing frame, 3-adjusting swing ball, 4-counterweight swing ball, 5-detection plate, 6-distance detection module, 7-controller, 8-lubricating oil, 9-swing ring, 10-connecting rod, 11-support seat, 12-swing groove, 13-limiting ring, 14-connecting hole, 15-connecting rod, 16-blocking ring, 17-sealing cover, 18-support sleeve, 19-mounting plate, 20-limiting tube, 21-detection hole, 22-support rod leg, 23-connecting bolt, 24-pin shaft, 25-tightening nut.

[0040] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0045] Implementation Method 1

[0046] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is an optional embodiment of the present application, which discloses a verticality detection device for a tower crane, including a detection box 1, the detection box 1 is a cylindrical structure as a whole, at least three support legs are arranged on the bottom surface of the detection box 1, and the same number of pins 24 are arranged on the bottom surface of the detection box 1, each of the pins 24 is rotatably connected to each of the support legs, and a locking nut 25 is threadedly connected to the pin 24;

[0047] A waist-shaped hole is also provided at the other end of each supporting leg, and a mounting seat is provided at the mounting point of the tower crane, and a corresponding waist-shaped hole is also provided on the mounting seat, and the two waist-shaped holes are connected in series through a connecting bolt 23;

[0048] The position of the detection box 1 can be adjusted by rotating at least one of the supporting legs. After being adjusted into place, the detection box 1 can be locked by connecting the bolts 23 and the locking nuts 25 to ensure the stability of the position, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.

[0049] Furthermore, the detection box 1 is further provided with a swing frame 2, the swing frame 2 includes a swing ring and a plurality of connecting rods 10, the swing ring 9 is in an annular structure as a whole, and a plurality of connecting sleeves are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the swing ring 9 around the axis of the swing ring 9, and one end of each of the connecting rods 1510 is respectively connected to each of the connecting sleeves by thread; preferably, three connecting rods 10 are provided, and three connecting sleeves are also provided;

[0050] At the same time, three support seats 11 are arranged on the inner wall of the detection box 1, and support grooves are arranged on the support seats 11, and the support grooves penetrate the top surface of the support seats 11. During installation, the free ends of the connecting rods 10 are respectively inserted into the support grooves;

[0051] The above device is not only simple in structure, but also can stably fix the swing frame 2 in the detection box 1, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the equipment operation;

[0052] Furthermore, a limit block may be provided at the entrance of each supporting groove, and the axial movement of the swing frame 2 is limited by the limit block, thereby ensuring that the position of the swing frame 2 remains unchanged in a tilted state, thereby improving the detection accuracy;

[0053] Furthermore, a swing groove 12 is provided on the inner ring of the swing ring 9, the cross section of the swing groove 12 is arranged in an arc-shaped structure, and an adjusting swing ball 3 is rotatably arranged in the swing groove 12;

[0054] At the same time, a limit ring 13 is also arranged directly above the swing ring 9, and the limit ring 13 is connected to the swing ring 9 by a connecting bolt 23. A rotation groove with an arc structure is also arranged on the inner ring of the limit ring 13. After the limit groove is connected to the swing ring 9, the swing groove 12 and the rotation groove are spliced ​​with each other, and the upper side surface of the adjusting swing ball 3 is tightly fitted with the rotation groove, while the lower side is tightly fitted with the swing groove 12;

[0055] The above structure can not only ensure the rotational freedom of the swing ball 3 but also stably limit its position. The above structure is simple and has high stability.

[0056] A connecting hole 14 is also provided on the adjusting pendulum ball 3. The connecting hole 14 passes through the entire adjusting pendulum ball 3 along any diameter of the adjusting pendulum ball 3, that is, the connecting hole 14 passes through the center of the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and the surface of the adjusting pendulum ball 3; a connecting rod 15 is also threadedly connected in the connecting hole 14, the bottom end of the connecting rod 15 is threadedly connected to the counterweight pendulum ball 4, and the top end of the connecting rod 15 is connected to the detection disk 5;

[0057] It should be noted that a connecting sleeve is provided on the bottom surface of the detection plate 5, and the connecting rod 15 is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve;

[0058] In the above structure, the connecting rod 15 can be divided into two sections based on the spherical shape of the adjusting pendulum ball 3, one section of which is connected to the detection disk 5, and the other section is connected to the counterweight pendulum ball 4. Since the connecting rod 15 is connected to the connecting thread, the lengths of the two sections can be adjusted by rotating the connecting rod 15, that is, the distance between the detection disk 5 and the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and the distance between the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and the counterweight pendulum ball 4 can be controlled;

[0059] Taking the spherical shape of the adjusting pendulum ball 3 as the base point, the connecting rod 15 can be understood as a lever structure. By increasing the distance L1 between the detection plate 5 and the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and reducing the distance L2 between the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and the counterweight pendulum ball 4, when L1 is greater than L2, based on the lever effect, it can be known that the swing amplitude of the counterweight pendulum ball 4 will be amplified, that is, based on the lever principle, by adjusting the position of the connecting rod 15, the detection sensitivity of the entire device can be controlled, so as to facilitate the capture of slight changes in the verticality of the tower crane, which is conducive to improving the detection accuracy and can also meet different detection requirements;

[0060] Secondly, the sensitivity can be adjusted by controlling the position of the connecting rod 15, which not only has a simple structure but also a simple adjustment method, thus simplifying the operation of the device.

[0061] Meanwhile, lubricating oil 8 is also filled in the detection box 1, and an oil drain pipe is also provided at the bottom of the detection box 1; the swing frame 2, the adjusting pendulum ball 3 and the counterweight pendulum ball 4 are all immersed in the lubricating oil 8; the detection plate 5 is located above the liquid surface of the lubricating oil 8;

[0062] The provision of the lubricating oil 8 can form an oil film between the adjusting swing ball 3 and the swing frame 2, which can prevent excessive wear of parts while lubricating, extend the service life of the equipment, and prevent detection errors caused by excessive wear;

[0063] The lubrication function can further reduce the movement resistance of the regulating pendulum ball 3 and further improve the detection sensitivity;

[0064] Secondly, since the swing frame 2, the adjusting swing ball 3 and the counterweight swing ball 4 are all immersed in the lubricating oil 8, the lubricating oil 8 can also play a certain buffering role during the swinging process, especially has a good buffering effect on the counterweight swing ball 4. The buffering of the lubricating oil 8 can effectively reduce the intensity of the swinging of the counterweight swing ball 4. Even if the counterweight swing ball 4 can move more smoothly to the vertical direction and avoid its back and forth fluctuation, it can also avoid the counterweight swing ball 4 from swinging significantly due to its own inertia. While ensuring the stable operation of the equipment, a large number of erroneous parameters are avoided, the accuracy of the data is improved, the data noise is reduced, and the difficulty of data processing is reduced.

[0065] Furthermore, a shielding ring 16 is provided in the detection box 1. Along the height direction of the detection box 1, the shielding ring 16 is located at the lower side of the detection disk 5. At the same time, the shielding ring 16 is above the liquid level of the lubricating oil 8, and the detection disk 5 and the projection of the shielding ring 16 partially overlap.

[0066] The blocking ring 16 is provided to place the lubricating oil 8 into the upper side of the detection plate 5, thereby preventing damage to the top surface of the detection plate 5, which helps to improve the detection accuracy;

[0067] Furthermore, the top of the detection box 1 is opened, and a support sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the open end of the detection box 1, and a sealing cover 17 is threadedly connected to the top of the support sleeve 18; the sealing cover 17 can effectively improve the sealing of the detection box 1, avoid the adverse effects of rainwater on the lubricating oil 8, and also ensure the normal operation of various equipment; at the same time, it can also avoid the interference of adverse factors such as high-altitude airflow in the detection, and improve the detection accuracy.

[0068] At the same time, the sealing cover 17 is easy to disassemble, which is conducive to improving maintenance efficiency;

[0069] A mounting plate 19 is also provided in the middle of the support sleeve 18. Around the axis of the mounting plate 19, a plurality of coaxially arranged position limiting tubes 20 and detection holes 21 are provided on the mounting plate 19. Preferably, there are three groups of position limiting tubes 20 and detection holes 21.

[0070] The verticality detection device further comprises a distance detection module 6, which comprises at least three laser distance measuring sensors and / or infrared distance measuring sensors, and the specific type of the distance measuring sensors is determined according to actual needs; each Suo laser distance measuring sensor and / or infrared distance measuring sensor is respectively plugged into each of the position limiting tubes 20, and at the same time, the laser or infrared ray emitted by its detection end passes through the detection hole 21 and irradiates the top surface of the detection plate 5;

[0071] The setting of the limiting tube 20 can quickly limit the installation point of each distance measuring sensor, especially control the distance between the detection end of each distance measuring sensor and the top surface of the detection disk 5 and keep them consistent, which is beneficial to reduce the assembly difficulty of the equipment and improve the assembly efficiency and detection accuracy.

[0072] Implementation Method 2

[0073] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As another optional embodiment of the present application, this embodiment discloses a method for detecting the verticality of a tower crane, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. Install the detection device and obtain its standard normal line;

[0075] The detection device is installed on the tower crane. When installing the detection device, it is assumed that the verticality of the tower crane meets the requirements. During the installation process, the position of the detection device needs to be adjusted continuously until the detection parameters of each distance sensor are the same;

[0076] After adjusting in place, fix the detection device by tightening the nut and connecting bolts;

[0077] After the testing equipment is fixed, the axis of the testing disk at this time is taken as the standard normal line.

[0078] Reference Figure 7 When the debugging is completed, the test plate is in a horizontal state, refer to Figure 7 The dotted part in the figure; at this time, the coordinates of each detection point are (X1, Y1, ΔZ1)', (X2, Y2, ΔZ2)', (X3, Y3, ΔZ4)';

[0079] S2. Obtaining the actual distance value measured by the distance detection module;

[0080] After the detection device is installed, each distance sensor is used to detect the actual distance values ​​h1, h2, ..., h between each distance sensor and the top surface of the detection plate. n ;After the data detection is completed, the relevant data is uploaded to the controller; It should be pointed out that since the distance measuring sensors are set to 3 first, the actual distance values ​​are h1, h2, and h3;

[0081] It should also be noted that the detection point actually refers to the projection point of each distance measuring sensor on the detection disk along the axial direction of the detection box.

[0082] S3, calculating the actual coordinate value of each detection point according to the actual distance value;

[0083] After obtaining each actual distance value, the controller calculates the actual coordinate value of each detection point according to the actual distance value;

[0084] The calculation formula of the actual coordinate value is as follows: ΔZ1=Z0-h1, ΔZ2=Z0-h2, ..., ΔZ n =Z0-h n , where n represents the number of each detection point, Z0 represents the initial value, which is a constant; h1, h2, ..., h n Respectively represent the actual distance values, ΔZ1, ΔZ2, ..., ΔZ n Respectively represent the actual coordinate value of each detection point;

[0085] A three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the top surface of the detection disk as the origin can be constructed by a computer. Since the positions of the various distance measuring sensors are fixed, the X and Y axis coordinates of each detection point are fixed, and only the Z axis coordinate changes with the rotation of the detection disk.

[0086] Secondly, both the laser distance measuring sensor and the infrared distance measuring sensor involve a starting point and an end point in the measurement process. Since the installation position of each distance measuring sensor is fixed, the measurement starting point position of each distance measuring sensor is fixed and will not change, that is, Z0 in the above formula is a fixed value;

[0087] The end point position changes with the rotation of the detection disk, and it satisfies the above calculation formula;

[0088] It should be pointed out that the above calculation formula is based on the horizontal plane corresponding to the standard normal, that is, the Z-axis coordinate on the horizontal plane is 0. If the calculation is a positive value, it means that the detection point is upturned, otherwise it is downturned.

[0089] After the calculation is completed, the fixed X and Y axis coordinates are combined with the calculated Z axis coordinates to obtain the actual coordinate values ​​of each detection point (X1, Y1, ΔZ1), (X2, Y2, ΔZ2), (X3, Y3, ΔZ4);

[0090] S4, generating a fitting surface and a fitting normal line of the detection disk by fitting according to each of the actual coordinate values;

[0091] According to the actual coordinate values ​​obtained in step S3, the corresponding points are marked in the three-dimensional coordinates with the center of the top surface of the detection disk as the origin, and then a fitting surface is generated by fitting according to the three-point coplanarity principle;

[0092] Then, a fitting normal is generated for the fitting surface;

[0093] S5. Calculate the vertical deviation of the tower crane according to the standard normal line and the fitting normal line.

[0094] The standard normal obtained in step S1 and the fitting normal obtained in step S4 are retrieved, and the standard normal and the fitting normal are placed in the three-dimensional coordinates described in step S3. Based on the description in step S1, it can be seen that the standard normal actually coincides with the Z axis in the three-dimensional coordinates. By decomposing the fitting normal into each coordinate axis, the deviation angle (α) of the fitting normal in each direction can be calculated respectively. X , β Y , γ Z ), which is the vertical deviation, see Figure 8 ;

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the present application no longer requires the installation of equipment such as theodolites, and has no requirements for the installation environment of equipment such as theodolites. While reducing the measurement difficulty, the verticality detection procedure is simplified as much as possible, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0096] Secondly, the present application is installed on the tower crane, so the detection parameters of the detection device can change in real time with the change of the verticality parameters of the tower crane, realizing the real-time detection and real-time monitoring of the verticality parameters, which improves the convenience and timeliness of data detection on the one hand, and on the other hand, the present application can obtain a series of verticality parameters continuously distributed on the time axis, which can improve the data richness and timely discover the trend of deterioration of the verticality of the tower crane through data analysis, and timely correct and intervene, that is, realize the pre-prevention and correction of the verticality of the tower crane, timely discover safety hazards, and ensure the safe operation of the tower crane; at the same time, compared with post-maintenance, pre-correction can also effectively reduce the maintenance cost of the tower crane;

[0097] Finally, the present application can realize the detection of the detection plate through a counterweight pendulum ball, which has a simple structure and can effectively reduce the hardware cost of the equipment.

[0098] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A verticality detection device for a tower crane, characterized in that: It comprises a detection box (1); A swing frame (2), the swing frame (2) being arranged in the detection box (1), an adjusting swing ball (3) being rotatably arranged on the swing frame (2), one end of the adjusting swing ball (3) being connected to a counterweight swing ball (4); A detection plate (5), the detection plate (5) being connected to the adjusting pendulum ball (3), the axis of the detection plate (5), the axis of the adjusting pendulum ball (3) and the axis of the counterweight pendulum ball (4) being coincident; A distance detection module (6), the distance detection module (6) being arranged on the top of the detection box (1), and the distance detection module (6) being used to measure the height values ​​of at least three different measurement points on the detection plate (5); A controller (7), wherein the controller (7) is electrically connected to each of the distance detection modules (6).

2. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection box (1) is also filled with lubricating oil (8), and the swing frame (2), the adjusting swing ball (3) and the counterweight swing ball (4) are all immersed in the lubricating oil (8); the detection plate (5) is located above the liquid surface of the lubricating oil (8).

3. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing frame (2) comprises a swing ring (9) and a plurality of connecting rods (10), the connecting rods (10) being evenly arranged around the axis of the swing ring (9), and one end of each connecting rod (10) being respectively connected to the swing ring (9); a plurality of support seats (11) are also arranged in the detection box (1), and each support seat (11) is respectively connected to the free end of the connecting rod (10).

4. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing ring (9) is provided with a swing groove (12) adapted to the adjusting swing ball (3), and the top of the swing ring (9) is also connected to a limit ring (13), the inner wall of the limit ring (13) being in contact with the surface of the adjusting swing ball (3).

5. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting pendulum ball (3) is provided with a connecting hole (14), the axis of which passes through the center of the adjusting pendulum ball (3), and the connecting hole (14) passes through the adjusting pendulum ball (3); a connecting rod (15) is also threadedly connected in the connecting hole (14), the bottom end of the connecting rod (15) is threadedly connected to the counterweight pendulum ball (4), and the top end of the connecting rod (15) is connected to the detection disk (5).

6. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blocking ring (16) is also provided in the detection box (1). Along the height direction of the detection box (1), the blocking ring (16) is located at the lower side of the detection disk (5), and the detection disk (5) and the projection of the blocking ring (16) partially overlap. A sealing cover (17) is also provided on the top of the detection box (1).

7. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance detection module (6) comprises at least three laser distance measuring sensors and / or infrared distance measuring sensors; a support sleeve (18) is further provided between the detection box (1) and the sealing cover (17); a mounting plate (19) is provided in the support sleeve (18); a plurality of groups of coaxially arranged limiting tubes (20) and detection holes (21) are provided on the mounting plate (19) around the axis of the mounting plate (19); and each of the laser distance measuring sensors and / or infrared distance measuring sensors is respectively plugged into each of the limiting tubes (20).

8. A verticality detection device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the detection box (1), and one end of each supporting leg is provided with a connecting bolt (23) for connecting to a tower crane; the other end of each supporting leg is hingedly connected to the detection box (1) via a pin shaft (24), and a fixing nut (25) is also arranged on the pin shaft (24).

9. A detection method based on the verticality detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Install the detection device and obtain its standard normal; Obtaining an actual distance value measured by the distance detection module; Calculate the actual coordinate value of each detection point according to the actual distance value; Generating a fitting surface and a fitting normal line of the detection disk according to the actual coordinate values; The vertical deviation of the tower crane is calculated according to the standard normal line and the fitting normal line.

10. The detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the actual coordinate value is ΔZ1=Z0-h1, ΔZ2=Z0-h2, ..., ΔZ n =Z0-h n , where n represents the number of each detection point, Z0 represents the initial value, which is a constant; h1, h2, ..., h n Respectively represent the actual distance values, ΔZ1, ΔZ2, ..., ΔZ n Respectively represent the actual coordinate values ​​of each detection point.

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