Intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass

Abstract

An intermediate film for laminated glass according to the present invention comprises a functional film and a first polymer layer that is provided on one surface of the functional film and constitutes the outermost layer, and the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is 1 [mu] m to 100 [mu] m (inclusive). According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an intermediate film for laminated glass, which has excellent degassing properties when used to produce laminated glass, and which is capable of suppressing optical distortion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an intermediate film for laminated glass and laminated glass. Background Art

[0002] Laminated glass is safer because even if it is broken by external impact, glass fragments are less likely to fly around, so it is widely used in window glass of various vehicles such as automobiles, railway vehicles, airplanes, and ships, and window glass of buildings, etc. Laminated glass is generally known as a laminated glass in which an interlayer film for laminated glass made of a thermoplastic resin or the like is interposed between a pair of glass glasses and the two are integrated.

[0003] In recent years, research has been actively conducted on providing a functional film having specific optical characteristics on an interlayer film for laminated glass for use in vehicles, buildings, and the like.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention regarding a windshield in which an interlayer film for laminated glass, a linear polarized light reflector, and a heat seal layer are provided between two curved glass sheets. In addition, a windshield is disclosed in which a linear polarized light reflector capable of selectively reflecting p-polarized light is used to form a head-up display (HUD). Furthermore, a HUD is a device that displays various information such as a map, a driving speed, and a vehicle status in the driver's field of vision by reflecting an image onto the front windshield of a vehicle.

[0005] In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses a laminated glass having an intermediate film between an outer glass plate and an inner glass plate, and an intermediate film, a P-polarized light reflecting film and other films, and an adhesive layer are arranged between the two glass plates. It is disclosed that the distortion of the HUD image can be reduced by setting the thickness of the adhesive layer to a specific range.

[0006] Prior art literature

[0007] Patent Literature

[0008] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2021 / 200697

[0009] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-172512 Summary of the invention

[0010] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

[0011] However, if an interlayer film for laminated glass is inserted between two sheets of glass and pressed and bonded together, bubbles may be generated between the glass and the interlayer film. In order to prevent this, it is considered to form irregularities on the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass to improve degassing properties.

[0012] However, the intermediate film for laminated glass having a functional film as described above is generally composed of a functional film sandwiched between polymer layers, and the functional film is often arranged near any surface. If projections and depressions are to be formed, part of the functional film may be deformed, resulting in optical distortion.

[0013] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass, which includes a functional film, has excellent degassing properties during the production of laminated glass, and can suppress optical distortion.

[0014] [Technical means to solve the problem]

[0015] The inventors of the present invention have made intensive research and found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by an interlayer film for laminated glass, which comprises a functional film and a first polymer layer disposed on one surface of the functional film and constituting the outermost layer, wherein the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is within a specific range, thereby completing the present invention. The gist of the present invention is as follows.

[0016] [1] An intermediate film for laminated glass, comprising a functional film and a first polymer layer provided on one surface of the functional film and constituting an outermost layer, wherein the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is not less than 1 μm and not more than 100 μm.

[0017] [2] An intermediate film for laminated glass as described in [1] above, which has a second polymer layer, which constitutes the outermost layer on the opposite side of the first polymer layer, and the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the second polymer layer is not less than 1 μm and not more than 100 μm.

[0018] [3] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to [1] or [2], comprising three or more polymer layers.

[0019] [4] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to [2] or [3], wherein the difference in surface roughness (Ra) between the outer surfaces of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is 1 μm or more.

[0020] [5] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [2] to [4] above, wherein the difference in thickness between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is 1 μm to 1000 μm.

[0021] [6] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein the first polymer layer and / or the second polymer layer comprises at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetal resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins.

[0022] [7] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to [6] above, wherein among the polymer layers included in the interlayer film for laminated glass, at least one polymer layer has different thicknesses at one end and the other end.

[0023] [8] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to [7] above, wherein the functional film is a film having a function of absorbing or reflecting specific light.

[0024] [9] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the functional film comprises a polyethylene terephthalate resin.

[0025]

[10] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the functional film contains a metal compound.

[0026]

[11] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[10] above, wherein the functional film includes a P-polarized light reflecting film, a holographic film, a heat ray reflecting film, a light-adjusting film, or a solar film.

[0027]

[12] The interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [2] to

[11] , wherein the outer surface of the first polymer layer and the outer surface of the second polymer layer have a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0028]

[13] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[12] above, wherein at least one surface is protected by a protective release film.

[0029]

[14] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in

[13] above, wherein the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the protective release film is from 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0030]

[15] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[14] above, wherein in 80% of the regions including the functional film, when comparing a thickness distribution curve A obtained by measuring the thickness at equal intervals with a thickness distribution curve B obtained by subjecting the thickness distribution curve A to moving average processing and smoothing, 70% or more of the regions have an absolute value of the thickness displacement of the thickness distribution curve A relative to the thickness distribution curve B of 50 μm or less.

[0031]

[16] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[15] above, wherein the thickness of the functional film is 0.05 μm or more.

[0032]

[17] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[16] above, comprising a polymer layer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than 15°C.

[0033]

[18] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [2] to

[17] above, wherein the average refractive index of the functional film, the first polymer layer, and the second polymer layer is 1.40 to 1.60.

[0034]

[19] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[18] above, wherein product information is printed thereon.

[0035]

[20] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[19] above, wherein the ratio of the area of ​​the functional film to the area of ​​the interlayer film for laminated glass when viewed in the thickness direction is 50% or more.

[0036]

[21] The interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[20] above, comprising an air layer between the functional film and the polymer layer.

[0037]

[22] A laminated glass comprising the interlayer film for laminated glass as described in any one of [1] to

[21] above, and a pair of laminated glass components, wherein the interlayer film for laminated glass is arranged between the pair of laminated glass components, and the laminated glass components are either bent glass or flat glass.

[0038]

[23] A method for producing an interlayer film for laminated glass, which is the method for producing an interlayer film for laminated glass described in any one of [1] to

[21] above, wherein roughness is imparted to the surface of the polymer layer by any one of the following methods (1) to (3):

[0039] (1) A method for transferring the rough shape of a protective release film;

[0040] (2) A method for transferring the rough shape of the engraved roller;

[0041] (3) A method of transferring the rough shape of the engraved plate.

[0042] [Effects of the invention]

[0043] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass which has excellent degassing properties during the production of laminated glass and can suppress optical distortion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] [ Figure 1 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention.

[0045] [ Figure 2] is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the shape of the surface of the polymer layer.

[0046] [ Figure 3 ] is a top view schematically showing the shape of the surface of the polymer layer.

[0047] [ Figure 4 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention.

[0048] [ Figure 5 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention.

[0049] [ Figure 6 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention.

[0050] [ Figure 7 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention having a wedge-shaped polymer layer.

[0051] [ Figure 8 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the area of ​​the functional film is smaller.

[0052] [ Fig. 9 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which an air layer is formed between the functional film and the polymer layer.

[0053] [ Fig.10 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which an air layer is formed between the functional film and the polymer layer.

[0054] [ Fig.11 ] is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention having a protective release film.

[0055] [ Fig.12 ] is a diagram illustrating a method for evaluating the proportion of an area with a smaller thickness displacement.

[0056] [ Fig.13 ] is a top view showing an embodiment of the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention printed with product information.

[0057] [ Fig.14 ] is a diagram for explaining the form of surface roughness formed on the polymer layer by the protective release film.

[0058] [ Fig.15 ] is a diagram illustrating the form of surface roughness formed on a polymer layer by an engraving roller.

[0059] [ Fig.16 ] is a diagram illustrating the morphology of surface roughness formed on a polymer layer by an engraving plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0061] [Interlayer film for laminated glass]

[0062] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention comprises a functional film and a first polymer layer provided on one surface of the functional film and constituting an outermost layer, wherein the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is 1 μm to 100 μm.

[0063] One embodiment of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 1, there is shown an interlayer film 10 for laminated glass having a functional film 15 and a first polymer layer 11 provided on one surface of the functional film. The first polymer layer 11 constitutes the outermost layer of the interlayer film for laminated glass. The outermost layer may be the outermost layer when attached to glass, and a protective release film or the like may be attached to the surface of the polymer layer 11 during storage.

[0064] <Surface roughness>

[0065] The surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface S1 of the first polymer layer is 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

[0066] If the surface roughness of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is less than 1 μm, the degassing property during the manufacture of laminated glass is reduced, and defects such as bubbles are easily observed between the interlayer film for laminated glass and the glass. If the surface roughness of the outer surface of the first polymer layer exceeds 100 μm, it is easy to form unevenness on the surface of the functional film, causing optical problems. In addition, if the surface roughness of the polymer layer is too large, unevenness of the polymer layer is easy to remain when it is pressed against the glass, so the adhesion between the glass and the interlayer film for laminated glass is easy to be reduced.

[0067] The surface roughness of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is preferably 5 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 15 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more, further preferably 25 μm or more, further preferably 30 μm or more, further preferably 40 μm or more from the viewpoint of degassing. The surface roughness of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is preferably 90 μm or less, more preferably 80 μm or less, further preferably 70 μm or less, further preferably 60 μm or less from the viewpoint of suppressing deformation of the functional film and avoiding unevenness of the residual polymer layer when pressed against the glass.

[0068] In addition, the surface roughness of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is preferably 95% or less, more preferably 90% or less, further preferably 80% or less, further preferably 70% or less, further preferably 50% or less, further preferably 30% or less, further preferably 20% or less relative to the thickness of the first polymer layer. In this way, by adjusting the surface roughness of the first polymer layer, it is difficult to form unevenness on the surface of the functional film, and the occurrence of optical problems can be suppressed.

[0069] The surface roughness (Rzjis94) in the present invention means the ten-point average roughness Rz. Rzjis94 is the sum of the average value of the height of the fifth mountain from the highest mountain top in descending order and the average value of the depth of the fifth valley from the deepest valley bottom in descending order over the reference length L.

[0070] The larger the value of the "ten-point average roughness Rz", the rougher the surface as a whole, and the smaller the value, the smoother the surface as a whole. The "ten-point average roughness Rz" can be measured in accordance with JIS B0601:1994. As a measuring instrument for measuring the above-mentioned ten-point average roughness (Rz), for example, the "Surfcorder SE500A" manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd. is used. More specifically, the above-mentioned ten-point average roughness (Rz) can be measured using a stylus with a tip radius of 2μm and a tip angle of 90°, under the measurement conditions of a threshold value of 2.5mm, a reference length of 2.5mm, a measurement length of 12.5mm, a reserved length of 2.5mm, and a stylus feed speed of 0.5mm / second, in an environment of 23°C and 30RH%. In the case where a marked line-shaped embossing is given to the surface of the above-mentioned polymer layer, the above-mentioned ten-point average roughness (Rz) is measured by moving the stylus downward in a direction perpendicular to the line direction of the marked line.

[0071] The shape of the outer surface of the first polymer layer in the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the surface roughness is within the above-specified range, and may be a regular shape or a random shape. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view illustrating the shape of the outer surface of the first polymer layer. Figure 2 P1 to P4 are examples of regular shapes, and P5 is an example of irregular shape.

[0072] Figure 2P1 represents the structure of the outer surface of a polymer layer having a repeating structure of a flat portion and a convex portion a having a rectangular cross section. P2 represents the structure of the outer surface of a polymer layer having a repeating structure of a flat portion and a convex portion b having a triangular cross section. P3 represents the structure of the outer surface of a polymer layer having a repeating structure of a flat portion and a convex portion c having a semicircular cross section. P4 represents the outer surface of a polymer layer having convex portions d having a triangular cross section continuously formed thereon. P5 represents the structure of the outer surface of a polymer layer having irregularly formed concavo-convex portions. Furthermore, the outer surface of the polymer layer may have a shape formed by combining a plurality of the shapes of P1 to P5 mentioned above, or may have a shape other than P1 to P5 mentioned above.

[0073] also, Figure 3 Schematic diagram showing the outer surface of the first polymer layer viewed from above. Figure 3 As shown in (I) of FIG. 1 , the first polymer layer may have a convex shape (or concave shape) regularly arranged along the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction. In (I), a quadrangular pyramid is shown as the convex shape (or concave shape), but other shapes may be used. In addition, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in (II), grooves (or linear protrusions) may be formed at certain intervals. Figure 3 As shown in (III), the concave portions or convex portions may be formed randomly.

[0074] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention can be Figure 1 The laminated glass shown includes a functional film 15 and a first polymer layer 11 which is provided on one surface of the functional film 15 and constitutes the outermost layer, and is composed of layers other than the interlayer film.

[0075] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the interlayer film 10 for laminated glass may have a second polymer layer 12 as the outermost layer on the opposite side to the first polymer layer 11. In this way, when the functional film 15 has polymer layers on both sides, it becomes easy to maintain the shape of the functional film and to maintain the optical properties. In this case, the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface S2 of the second polymer layer is preferably 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. In this way, the degassing property during the manufacture of laminated glass is further improved.

[0076] The surface roughness of the outer surface of the second polymer layer is preferably 5 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 15 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more, further preferably 25 μm or more, further preferably 40 μm or more. In addition, the surface roughness of the outer surface of the second polymer layer is preferably 90 μm or less, more preferably 80 μm or less, further preferably 70 μm or less, further preferably 60 μm or less.

[0077] The shape of the outer surface of the second polymer layer is not particularly limited, and may be a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0078] The surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer may be the same or different, preferably different. The difference in the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is preferably 1 μm or more, more preferably 3 μm or more, further preferably 5 μm or more, further preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more, and preferably 50 μm or less, more preferably 40 μm or less.

[0079] In this way, by setting the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the outer surface of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer to a prescribed difference, for example, when manufacturing laminated glass, one surface of the intermediate film for laminated glass can be set to a surface roughness suitable for degassing, and the other surface can make the surface of the glass smooth and positioned at the same time. Therefore, the workability can be improved and the degassing property can be made excellent. In addition, when the thickness of any polymer layer of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is thin, when the surface roughness is given, the surface roughness of the two surfaces is different by reducing the degree of the surface roughness of the thinner polymer layer, which can prevent the unevenness from being transferred to the surface of the functional film, and can maintain the optical quality of the functional film.

[0080] <Layer composition>

[0081] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the functional film may have a polymer layer on one side, or may have a polymer layer on the other side. Figure 4 The functional film shown has polymer layers on both sides, but it can also be Figure 1 and Figure 4 A configuration other than the configuration shown above may include three or more polymer layers.

[0082] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the interlayer film 10 for laminated glass may be formed by sequentially stacking a first polymer layer 11, a functional film 15, an inner polymer layer 13, a functional film 16, and a second polymer layer 12. In this case, the compositions of the plurality of polymer layers may be the same or different, and the compositions of the plurality of functional films may be the same or different. In this way, by having three or more polymer layers, two or more functional films may be appropriately arranged and fixed, and various optical properties may be imparted to the interlayer film for laminated glass.

[0083] In addition, the structure having three or more polymer layers is not limited to Figure 5 The form, for example, Figure 6As shown, the interlayer film 10 for laminated glass may be formed by laminating the first polymer layer, the internal polymer layer 14, the internal polymer layer 13, and the functional film 15 in this order.

[0084] Among the polymer layers included in the interlayer film for laminated glass, at least one polymer layer may have a different thickness at one end from the other end. Figure 7 As shown, the interlayer film 10 for laminated glass may include a wedge-shaped polymer layer 21 having different thicknesses at one end and the other end.

[0085] When the interlayer film for laminated glass including the polymer layers having different thicknesses at one end and the other end is used for HUD (head-up display) applications, for example, it becomes easy to suppress double images.

[0086] The wedge angle θ of the interlayer film for laminated glass having a wedge-shaped polymer layer having different thicknesses at one end and the other end is preferably 0.10 mrad or more, more preferably 0.15 mrad or more, further preferably 0.20 mrad or more, further preferably 0.25 mrad or more, and is preferably 2.0 mrad or less, more preferably 1.5 mrad or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing double images.

[0087] The wedge angle θ of the laminated glass is the interior angle of the intersection of a straight line connecting the first surface (one surface) portion of the laminated glass at the maximum thickness portion and the minimum thickness portion of the laminated glass and a straight line connecting the second surface (the other surface) portion of the laminated glass at the maximum thickness portion and the minimum thickness portion of the laminated glass.

[0088] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 7 As shown, when viewed in the thickness direction, the ratio of the area of ​​the functional film to the area of ​​the interlayer film for laminated glass may be 100%, or the ratio of the area of ​​the functional film may be less than 100%.

[0089] For example, Figure 8 This shows an example in which the ratio of the area of ​​the functional film to the area of ​​the interlayer film for laminated glass when viewed in the thickness direction is less than 100%. Figure 8 The left figure a shows the area Q1 (also called the area Q1 occupied by the polymer layer) and the area Q2 occupied by the functional film when the interlayer film for laminated glass is observed from the top surface. The area Q1 is larger than the area Q2. Figure 8 When the left figure a is set as a cross-sectional view, for example, Figure 8 See situations b-1, b-2, etc. in the right figure. Figure 8The interlayer film for laminated glass shown in b-1 is in a form in which the functional film 15 is embedded in the polymer layer 17, and the polymer layer 17 has a frame-like cross-section. Figure 8 b-2 is an interlayer film for laminated glass in which both end portions of the interlayer film for laminated glass shown in b-1 are thinner than other portions.

[0090] Furthermore, the so-called "when observed from the thickness direction" means when the surface direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass is observed from the top. Also, the area of ​​the interlayer film for laminated glass when observed from the thickness direction is equivalent to the projection area of ​​the upper part of the interlayer film for laminated glass in the surface direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass. In addition, the area of ​​the functional film when observed from the thickness direction is equivalent to the projection area of ​​the upper part of the functional film in the surface direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass.

[0091] The ratio of the area of ​​the functional film to the area of ​​the intermediate film for laminated glass when observed in the thickness direction is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, and further preferably 100% from the viewpoint of improving the uniformity of optical properties in the surface direction and suppressing poor appearance.

[0092] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention may include an air layer between the functional film and the polymer layer. Fig. 9 and 10 As shown, an air layer 18 can be formed between the functional film 15 and the first polymer layer 11. Furthermore, although not shown, an air layer can also be formed between the second polymer layer and the functional film. By forming an air layer, even if a part of the functional film is peeled off from the polymer layer during operation, a degassing path can be ensured when laminating with glass, so lamination becomes easy.

[0093] The air layer can be formed by adjusting the conditions for laminating the polymer layer and the functional film, or by embossing one side of the polymer layer and laminating the functional film on the one side of the embossed polymer layer. For example, in lamination, the air layer can be formed by adjusting the pressing time, pressing temperature, and pressing pressure when pressing with a plate. In the case where the air layer is formed, the pressing time is set to be shorter, the pressing temperature is set to be lower, and the pressing pressure is set to be smaller than in the case where the air layer is not formed.

[0094] As a method other than lamination, for example, the following method can be cited: a method of preparing an embossed polymer layer and a functional film, stacking them, putting them in a rubber bag and pressing them, and adjusting the pressing time, pressing temperature, and pressing pressure during pressing. That is, in the case of forming an air layer, the pressing time during pressing can be set to be shorter, the pressing temperature can be set to be lower, and the pressing pressure can be set to be smaller than in the case of not forming an air layer.

[0095] The presence or absence of an air layer can be confirmed by observing a cross section of the interlayer film for laminated glass using a scanning electron microscope.

[0096] Furthermore, at least one surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass may be protected by a protective release film. Fig.11 As shown in the left figure, Figure 4 The two sides of the intermediate film for laminated glass described above are protected by the protective release film 19, and the Fig.11 As shown in the right figure, one side is protected by a protective release film 19.

[0097] By using the protective release film in this manner, the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass can be appropriately protected.

[0098] In addition, the protective release film also preferably has a surface roughness (Rzjis94) of 1 μm to 100 μm. More specifically, the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the surface of the protective release film in contact with the polymer layer is preferably 1 μm to 100 μm. If such a protective release film is used, the specific surface roughness (Rzjis94) specified in the present invention can be formed on the outer surface of the polymer layer.

[0099] The surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the protective release film is preferably 5 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 15 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more, further preferably 25 μm or more, further preferably 40 μm or more. In addition, the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the protective release film is preferably 90 μm or less, more preferably 80 μm or less, further preferably 70 μm or less, further preferably 60 μm or less.

[0100] The type of protective release film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyester-based films such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) films, and polyolefin-based films such as PE (polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene) films. In addition, the release film may be a release film having a surface subjected to a release agent or the like.

[0101] <Polymer layer thickness>

[0102] The thickness of the polymer layer of the intermediate film for laminated glass is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 2 μm to 2000 μm, preferably 10 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably 30 μm to 900 μm, and even more preferably 100 μm to 800 μm. When the intermediate film for laminated glass has a plurality of polymer layers, the thickness of each polymer layer may be the same or different, and preferably at least one polymer layer has a thickness of 2 μm or more, wherein the thickness of the polymer layer constituting the outermost layer is preferably 2 μm or more. By making the thickness of the polymer layer constituting the outermost layer to be above a certain value, when the surface roughness is given to the polymer layer, the unevenness can be suppressed from being transferred to the functional film, and it becomes easy to maintain the function of the functional film.

[0103] In addition, among the polymer layers constituting the outermost layer, the thickness of the thinner polymer layer may be, for example, 800 μm or less, 600 μm or less, 400 μm or less, 300 μm or less, 100 μm or less, or 50 μm or less. In this way, even when the thickness of the polymer layer is thin, the surface roughness can be appropriately imparted to the surface of the polymer layer, the degassing property during the manufacture of the laminated glass is good, and the laminated glass with suppressed optical distortion can be obtained.

[0104] When the interlayer film for laminated glass has a first polymer layer and a second polymer layer, the difference in thickness between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is preferably 1 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 500 μm, and further preferably 20 μm to 300 μm. In this way, when the thickness of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are different, the functional film is offset from the center to any side surface in the thickness direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass. In this case, a configuration that makes it easy to exert its function according to the type of the functional film can be achieved.

[0105] Furthermore, if a difference in thickness is provided between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer in this manner, one polymer layer becomes thinner. However, even in this case, deformation of the functional film can be suppressed by providing surface roughness to the polymer layer by the method described below.

[0106] The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention preferably has an area in which, in 80% of the area including the functional film, 70% or more of the areas have an absolute value of thickness displacement of the thickness distribution curve A with respect to the thickness distribution curve B of 50 μm or less when comparing a thickness distribution curve A obtained by measuring the thickness at equal intervals with a thickness distribution curve B obtained by smoothing the thickness distribution curve A by moving average processing.

[0107] If the absolute value of the thickness displacement is 70% or more in the region below 50 μm, the stability of the optical properties of the interlayer film for laminated glass is improved. For example, when the following P-polarized light reflective film is used as a functional film, the in-plane deviation of the incident angle and the reflection angle can be reduced, thereby suppressing the distortion of the image.

[0108] The interlayer film for laminated glass preferably has a region where the absolute value of the thickness displacement is 50 μm or less in 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, further preferably 95% or more, further preferably 100%.

[0109] The ratio of the absolute value of the thickness displacement being less than 50 μm can be adjusted by the types of the polymer layer and the functional film used, and the manufacturing conditions when the polymer layer and the functional film are laminated. For example, the ratio of the absolute value of the thickness displacement being less than 50 μm can be increased by reducing the temperature distribution or stress unevenness during lamination.

[0110] use Fig.12 The method for measuring the region where the absolute value of the thickness displacement is 50 μm or less will be described below. Specifically, the measurement can be performed by the following methods (1) to (3).

[0111] (1) A region L that is 80% of the region including the functional film of the interlayer film for laminated glass is identified. The region L is an area including the functional film when the interlayer film for laminated glass is observed from the thickness direction, and is "an area that passes through the center of the functional film and is centered at the center of the functional film in a cross section in the MD direction (machine direction) or the TD direction (transverse direction), and is 80% of the length of the functional film." That is, when the length of the functional film in the cross section in the MD direction or the TD direction is set to 1.0X, it is in the range of 0.1X to 0.9X.

[0112] (2) The thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass was measured at intervals of 1 mm in the region L to obtain a thickness distribution curve A. The thickness was measured using a contact thickness gauge (manufactured by Sanbun Electric Co., Ltd., product name: TOF-4R, or its equivalent).

[0113] (3) The thickness distribution curve A is subjected to moving average processing to obtain a smoothed thickness distribution curve B. Specifically, in the thickness distribution curve A, with respect to the region from the 41st point from the end toward the other end of the region L to the 41st point from the other end toward the end, 81 points are selected with each point as the center and averaged to obtain the thickness distribution curve B.

[0114] (4) In region L, the ratio of the region where the displacement of the thickness of the thickness distribution curve A with respect to the thickness of the thickness distribution curve B is within 50 μm is calculated.

[0115] The ratio of the region where the absolute value of the thickness displacement is 50 μm or less may satisfy a specific value in any cross section in the MD direction or the TD direction described in (1) above.

[0116] <Printing (Printing)>

[0117] Product information can be printed on the interlayer film for laminated glass. Printing the product information makes it easier to select the appropriate interlayer film when manufacturing laminated glass, thus improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0118] For example, Fig.13 As shown, it is preferred that the product information is printed on the end of the surface polymer layer where no functional film exists below when viewed from above. By printing on the end, the printed portion can be removed by trimming when manufacturing laminated glass. Fig.13 The illustrated form is merely an example, and the position of printing in the interlayer film for laminated glass is not particularly limited.

[0119] The printed portion as product information is preferably displayed as lines, characters, symbols or graphics. Examples of product information include manufacturer name, product name, trademark, and lot number.

[0120] The color of the printed portion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include white, black, red, blue, yellow, and green. The printed portion may be translucent. Translucent means that the printed portion is not completely transparent and can be seen through.

[0121] The method for forming the printed portion as product information is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include laser printing, inkjet printing, marker pen printing, and label printing. The printed portion may be formed before or after the specific surface roughness is imparted to the polymer layer. In addition, the printed portion may be visible or invisible when the laminated glass is manufactured.

[0122] The printed portion as product information may or may not be visible under visible light.

[0123] In addition, the printed portion can be confirmed by irradiating light of a specific wavelength other than visible light. In this way, the printed portion is usually not noticeable, and a good appearance can be maintained, and product information can be confirmed by irradiating light of a specific wavelength as needed. For example, it is also preferable to print using ink that can be visually recognized by irradiating a black light to form the printed portion.

[0124] <Composition of polymer layer>

[0125] Next, the composition of the polymer layer of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention will be described.

[0126] <Thermoplastic resin>

[0127] The polymer layer in the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention contains a thermoplastic resin. By containing a thermoplastic resin, it becomes easy to function as an adhesive layer, and the adhesion with other layers such as a glass plate becomes good.

[0128] The thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinyl acetal resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, ionomer resins, polyurethane resins, and thermoplastic elastomers.

[0129] The first polymer layer and the second polymer layer constitute the outermost layer, and therefore preferably have high adhesion to glass. From this viewpoint, it is preferred that one or both of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer contain at least one thermoplastic resin selected from polyvinyl acetal resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. In particular, when used in combination with a plasticizer, polyvinyl acetal resin is more preferred in terms of excellent adhesion to glass.

[0130] (Polyvinyl acetal resin)

[0131] The polyvinyl acetal resin is obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained by saponifying polyvinyl esters such as polyvinyl acetate, for example. The polyvinyl acetal resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0132] The aldehyde used for acetalization is not particularly limited, and an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms can be suitably used, an aldehyde having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferred, and an aldehyde having 4 carbon atoms is further preferred.

[0133] The aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexanal, n-octanal, n-nonanal, n-decanal, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, etc. Among them, n-butyraldehyde, n-hexanal, and n-valeraldehyde are preferred, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferred. These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0134] In addition, as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 80 to 99.8 mol% is generally used. In order to adjust the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin to a desired range, the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 500 or more, and preferably 4000 or less. The average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is more preferably 1000 or more, and more preferably 3600 or less. The average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained by a method in accordance with JIS K6726 "Testing methods for polyvinyl alcohol".

[0135] The number of carbon atoms in the acetal group contained in the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 4. Specifically, the acetal group is particularly preferably a butyral group, and therefore the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.

[0136] The degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 40 mol% or more, and preferably 85 mol% or less. In addition, the degree of acetalization is more preferably 60 mol% or more, and more preferably 75 mol% or less. Furthermore, the so-called degree of acetalization refers to the degree of butyralization when the acetal group is a butyraldehyde group and the polyvinyl acetal resin is a polyvinyl butyral resin.

[0137] The hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 15 mol% or more, and preferably 35 mol% or less. By setting the hydroxyl content to 15 mol% or more, the adhesion to the glass plate and the like is easily improved, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is easily improved. In addition, by setting the hydroxyl content to 35 mol% or less, for example, when used in laminated glass, the laminated glass is prevented from becoming too hard. The hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is more preferably 20 mol% or more, and more preferably 33 mol% or less.

[0138] The acetylation degree (acetyl group amount) of polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably more than 0.1 mol %, and more preferably less than 20 mol %. By setting the acetylation degree to more than the above lower limit, the compatibility with plasticizers etc. is easily improved. In addition, by being set to less than the above upper limit, the moisture resistance of the luminescent layer becomes high. From these viewpoints, the acetylation degree is more preferably more than 0.3 mol %, and more preferably more than 0.5 mol %, and more preferably less than 10 mol %, and more preferably less than 5 mol %.

[0139] The hydroxyl group amount, the acetalization degree (butyralization degree), and the acetylation degree can be calculated from the results measured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 "Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral".

[0140] The average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 500 or more, and preferably 4000 or less. By setting the average degree of polymerization to 500 or more, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass becomes good. In addition, by setting the average degree of polymerization to 4000 or less, the molding of the laminated glass becomes easy. The degree of polymerization is more preferably 1000 or more, and more preferably 3600 or less. In addition, the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is the same as the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol used as the raw material, and can be obtained by the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol.

[0141] (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin)

[0142] The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin may be a non-crosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin or a high temperature crosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin may be a modified ethylene-vinyl acetate resin such as a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or a hydrolyzate of ethylene-vinyl acetate.

[0143] Regarding the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, the vinyl acetate content measured in accordance with JIS K 6730 "Testing methods for ethylene-vinyl acetate resins" or JIS K 6924-2: 1997 is preferably 10 mass % or more and 50 mass % or less, and more preferably 20 mass % or more and 40 mass % or less. By setting the vinyl acetate content to be above these lower limits, the adhesion to glass becomes high, and when used for laminated glass, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass tends to become good. In addition, by setting the vinyl acetate content to be below these upper limits, the fracture strength of the interlayer film for laminated glass becomes high, and the impact resistance of the laminated glass becomes good.

[0144] (Ionomer resin)

[0145] The ionomer resin is not particularly limited, and various ionomer resins can be used. Specifically, ethylene ionomers, styrene ionomers, perfluorocarbon ionomers, telechelic ionomers, polyurethane ionomers, etc. can be cited. Among these, ethylene ionomers are preferred in terms of improving the mechanical strength, durability, transparency, etc. of the laminated glass described below and excellent adhesion to glass.

[0146] As the ethylene-based ionomer, an ionomer of an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer can be preferably used because of its excellent transparency and toughness. The ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is a copolymer having at least a structural unit derived from ethylene and a structural unit derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and may also have a structural unit derived from other monomers.

[0147] Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and maleic acid, and acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are preferred, and methacrylic acid is particularly preferred. Examples of other monomers include acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, and 1-butene.

[0148] The ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer preferably has 75 to 99 mol % of structural units derived from ethylene and 1 to 25 mol % of structural units derived from unsaturated carboxylic acid, based on 100 mol % of all structural units possessed by the copolymer.

[0149] The ionomer of ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is an ionomer resin obtained by neutralizing or crosslinking at least a part of the carboxyl groups of the ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer with metal ions. The neutralization degree of the carboxyl groups is usually 1 to 90%, preferably 5 to 85%.

[0150] Examples of the ion source in the ion polymer resin include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium; and polyvalent metals such as magnesium, calcium, and zinc, and sodium and zinc are preferred.

[0151] The method for producing the ionomer resin is not particularly limited, and the ionomer resin can be produced by a conventionally known method. For example, when an ionomer of an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is used as the ionomer resin, for example, ethylene and an unsaturated carboxylic acid are subjected to free radical copolymerization at high temperature and high pressure to produce an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer. Then, the ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer is reacted with the metal compound containing the ion source, thereby producing an ionomer of an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer.

[0152] (Polyurethane resin)

[0153] Examples of polyurethane resins include polyurethanes obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a diol compound; polyurethanes obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a diol compound and then with a chain extender such as a polyamine; and the like. In addition, the polyurethane resin may also contain a sulfur atom. In this case, a part or all of the above diols may be selected from polythiol and sulfur-containing polyols. The polyurethane resin can improve the adhesion to organic glass. Therefore, it is preferably used in the case where the glass plate is organic glass.

[0154] (Thermoplastic Elastomer)

[0155] As thermoplastic elastomers, styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers and aliphatic polyolefins can be cited. As styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers, there are no particular limitations, and known ones can be used. Styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers generally have a styrene monomer polymer block that becomes a hard segment, and a conjugated diene compound polymer block or its hydrogenated block that becomes a soft segment. As specific examples of styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers, styrene-isoprene diblock copolymers, styrene-butadiene diblock copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, styrene-butadiene / isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymers, and hydrogenated products thereof can be cited.

[0156] The aliphatic polyolefin may be a saturated aliphatic polyolefin or an unsaturated aliphatic polyolefin. The aliphatic polyolefin may be a polyolefin with a chain olefin as a monomer or a polyolefin with a cyclic olefin as a monomer. From the viewpoint of effectively improving the storage stability of the light-emitting layer, the aliphatic polyolefin is preferably a saturated aliphatic polyolefin.

[0157] Examples of the material of the aliphatic polyolefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, 1-pentene, trans-2-pentene, cis-2-pentene, 1-hexene, trans-2-hexene, cis-2-hexene, trans-3-hexene, cis-3-hexene, 1-heptene, trans-2-heptene, cis-2-heptene, trans-3-heptene, cis-3-heptene, 1-octene, trans-2-octene, cis-2-octene, trans-3-octene, cyclohexane, 4-methyl-1-pentene, and vinylcyclohexane.

[0158] <Plasticizer>

[0159] The polymer layer of the present invention may further contain a plasticizer. By containing a plasticizer, the polymer layer becomes soft, and as a result, the softness of the interlayer film for laminated glass or the laminated glass can be improved, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass can also be improved. Furthermore, high adhesion to the glass plate can also be exerted. When a polyvinyl acetal resin is used as a thermoplastic resin, it is particularly effective to contain a plasticizer.

[0160] Examples of the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and phosphorus-based plasticizers such as organic phosphate plasticizers and organic phosphite plasticizers. Among them, organic ester plasticizers are preferred.

[0161] Examples of organic ester plasticizers include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dioctanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-butanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,2-butanediol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylvalerate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycol dioctanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexyl cyclohexyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, heptyl nonyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, oil-modified sebacic acid ester, a mixture of a phosphate and an adipate, a mixed type adipate, etc. Examples of the mixed type adipate include adipates made from two or more alcohols selected from alkyl alcohols having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and cyclic alcohols having 4 to 9 carbon atoms.

[0162] Among the above-mentioned plasticizers, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) can be used particularly preferably.

[0163] The content of the plasticizer in the polymer layer is not particularly limited, and is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less relative to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. If the content of the plasticizer is set to 10 parts by mass or more, the laminated glass becomes moderately soft, and the penetration resistance, adhesion, etc. become good. In addition, if the content of the plasticizer is set to 100 parts by mass or less, the plasticizer is prevented from separating from the intermediate film. The content of the plasticizer is more preferably 20 parts by mass or more, more preferably 30 parts by mass or more, more preferably 35 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 70 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 60 parts by mass or less.

[0164] The polymer layer is a layer with a thermoplastic resin, or a thermoplastic resin and a plasticizer as the main components. In each polymer layer, the total amount of the thermoplastic resin and the plasticizer is usually 70% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more and less than 100% by mass, based on the total amount of the polymer layer.

[0165] <Functional microparticles>

[0166] The polymer layer of the present invention may contain functional fine particles such as a heat shielding agent and a coloring agent.

[0167] (Thermal insulation)

[0168] As the thermal insulation agent, thermal insulation particles can be cited. The thermal insulation particles are composed of inorganic materials. As specific examples thereof, particles other than metal oxide particles such as metal oxide particles and lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) particles can be cited. As metal oxide particles, tin oxide particles such as aluminum-doped tin oxide particles, indium-doped tin oxide particles, and antimony-doped tin oxide particles (ATO particles) can be cited; zinc oxide particles such as gallium-doped zinc oxide particles (GZO particles), indium-doped zinc oxide particles (IZO particles), aluminum-doped zinc oxide particles (AZO particles), tin-doped zinc oxide particles, and silicon-doped zinc oxide particles; titanium oxide particles such as niobium-doped titanium oxide particles; indium oxide particles such as tin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles); tungsten oxide particles such as sodium-doped tungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles (CWO particles), thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, and rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles. In addition, thermal insulation particles other than these can also be used. The thermal insulation material can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0169] Among these, metal oxide particles are preferred due to their high heat ray shielding function, at least one selected from ATO particles, GZO particles, ITO particles, and CWO particles is more preferred, and ITO particles or CWO particles are further preferred.

[0170] The preferred lower limit of the average particle size of the heat shielding particles is 10 nm, and the more preferred lower limit is 20 nm, and the preferred upper limit is 100 nm, and the more preferred upper limit is 80 nm, and the further preferred upper limit is 50 nm. In addition, the "average particle size" means the volume average particle size. The average particle size can be measured using a particle size distribution measuring device ("UPA-EX150" manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) or the like.

[0171] As the heat shielding agent, heat shielding compounds can be cited. Heat shielding compounds are organic materials or organic-inorganic composite materials that can absorb infrared rays, and are also called near-infrared absorbers. Near-infrared absorbers have an absorption maximum in the near-infrared region, and their absorption maximum shows the maximum absorption in the absorption maximum existing in the region of wavelength 380nm to 2500nm, specifically, they have the maximum absorption in the wavelength region of 720nm or more, preferably 750nm or more and 2000nm or less.

[0172] Examples of the heat-shielding compound include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of phthalocyanine compounds, naphthalocyanine compounds, and anthracocyanine compounds (hereinafter also referred to as "compound X").

[0173] The phthalocyanine compound is phthalocyanine or a phthalocyanine derivative having a phthalocyanine skeleton, and preferably contains a metal atom in these compounds. The naphthalocyanine compound is naphthalocyanine or a naphthalocyanine derivative having a naphthalocyanine skeleton, and preferably contains a metal atom in these compounds. The anthraphthalocyanine compound is anthraphthalocyanine or anthraphthalocyanine derivative having anthraphthalocyanine skeleton, and preferably contains a metal atom in these compounds.

[0174] In these compounds X, the metal atom serves as the central metal of the naphthalocyanine skeleton, the naphthalocyanine skeleton, or the anthraphthalocyanine skeleton.

[0175] The heat-shielding compound is preferably one or more selected from phthalocyanine compounds and naphthalocyanine compounds, and more preferably a phthalocyanine compound.

[0176] The metal atom is preferably a vanadium atom, and more preferably a phthalocyanine compound containing a vanadium atom. A vanadium atom generally exists in a state of being bonded to an oxygen atom (V=O).

[0177] The heat-shielding compounds described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0178] The content of the heat shielding agent in the polymer layer is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.05 mass % to 1.5 mass %, preferably 0.10 mass % to 1.2 mass %, and more preferably 0.15 mass % to 0.9 mass %.

[0179] (Colorant)

[0180] The polymer layer in the present invention may contain a colorant. By using a colorant, the laminated glass can be colored, and the light shielding property of the laminated glass can be improved to impart anti-glare properties. The colorant used is not particularly limited, and pigments that have been mixed with interlayer films for laminated glass can be used, such as blue, yellow, red, green, purple, black, and white pigments. Pigments, dyes, etc. can be used as pigments.

[0181] Examples of the pigment include copper phthalocyanine pigments such as pigment blue, phthalocyanine pigments such as cobalt phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, perylene pigments, diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments, quinacridone pigments, perinone pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindoline pigments, isoindolinone pigments, quinoline yellow pigments, indanthrene pigments, titanium oxide pigments, carbon black such as pigment black 7, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and the like.

[0182] In addition, examples include azo dyes, cyanine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, anthraquinone dyes, naphthoquinone dyes, quinoneimine dyes, methine dyes, methine azo dyes, squarylium dyes, acridine dyes, styryl dyes, coumarin dyes, quinoline dyes, nitro dyes, etc. The dye may be a disperse dye.

[0183] Among them, phthalocyanine pigments, anthraquinone pigments, perylene pigments, and carbon black are preferred as pigments because of their high affinity with thermoplastic resins and their low bleed-out properties. Also, anthraquinone pigments are preferred as dyes.

[0184] The coloring agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0185] The content of the colorant in the polymer layer is preferably 0.01 mass % to 3.0 mass %, more preferably 0.02 mass % to 0.5 mass %, and even more preferably 0.04 mass % to 0.3 mass %.

[0186] The polymer layer in the present invention may contain additives other than those mentioned above, and may contain various additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, adhesion regulators, fluorescent whitening agents, and crystal nucleating agents.

[0187] When the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention includes a plurality of polymer layers, the compositions of the respective polymer layers may be the same or different.

[0188] The interlayer film for laminated glass preferably has a polymer layer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than 15°C. Laminated glass having an interlayer film for laminated glass having such a polymer layer has improved sound insulation. The glass transition temperature (Tg) is preferably 10°C or less, more preferably 5°C or less, and even more preferably 0°C or less.

[0189] The glass transition temperature can be obtained by dynamic viscoelasticity measurement. Specifically, when there are multiple polymer layers, each layer is peeled off and press-molded using a press molding machine to obtain a test piece of the layer to be measured. The glass transition temperature is measured for each test piece. Furthermore, as an apparatus for measuring the glass transition temperature, "ARES-G2" manufactured by TA Instruments can be cited. The glass transition temperature is measured using a parallel plate with a diameter of 8 mm as a jig, under the condition of lowering the temperature from 100°C to -10°C at a cooling rate of 3°C / min, and under the condition of a frequency of 1 Hz and a strain of 1%. In the obtained measurement results, the peak temperature of the loss tangent is set as the glass transition temperature (°C).

[0190] <Functional film>

[0191] The functional film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a film having a function of absorbing or reflecting specific light, such as visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

[0192] The functional film contains at least a resin, and more preferably contains a resin and a metal compound. Examples of the functional film include a form in which the metal compound is dispersed in the resin, and a form in which a resin layer and a layer composed of a metal compound are laminated.

[0193] (resin)

[0194] The resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, and elastomer resins.

[0195] Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyolefin resins such as polypropylene resins, polyethylene resins, poly(1-)butene resins, and polypentene resins; polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resins; and synthetic resins such as polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins, polyvinyl acetal resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polycarbonate resins, polyphenylene ether resins, acrylic resins, polyamide resins, polyvinyl chloride resins (PVC), novolac resins, polyurethane resins, and polyisobutylene.

[0196] Examples of the thermosetting resin include synthetic resins such as epoxy resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, urea resins, melamine resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and polyimides.

[0197] Among these, polyester resins are preferred, and polyethylene terephthalate resins are more preferred. In this way, the functional film in the present invention preferably contains polyethylene terephthalate resin.

[0198] The content of the resin in the functional film is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, further preferably 80% by mass or more, further preferably 90% by mass or more, and, for example, 100% by mass or less, preferably 99.5% by mass or less.

[0199] (Metal Compounds)

[0200] The functional film preferably contains a metal compound. The metal compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound containing a metal atom, and examples thereof include metal oxides, metal nitrides, and metal hydroxides, and may be a metal.

[0201] Examples of the metal atoms contained in the metal compound include tin, indium, aluminum, zinc, magnesium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, palladium, titanium, iron, cobalt, chromium, platinum, gold, silver, copper, nickel, etc. The metal atoms contained in the metal compound may be one kind or two or more kinds.

[0202] Among the metal compounds, metal oxides are preferred, and among them, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide), indium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, etc. are preferred.

[0203] The content of the metal compound in the functional film is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.0001 mass % or more, preferably 0.001 mass % or more, more preferably 0.005 mass % or more, further preferably 0.01 mass % or more, further preferably 0.05 mass % or more, further preferably 0.1 mass % or more, further preferably 0.5 mass % or more, and, for example, 50 mass % or less, preferably 20 mass % or less, further preferably 10 mass % or less, further preferably 5 mass % or less, further preferably 1 mass % or less.

[0204] (type)

[0205] The functional film is preferably a P-polarized light reflecting film, a hologram film, a heat ray reflecting film, a light-adjusting film, or a sunlight film, and more preferably a P-polarized light reflecting film, a hologram film, a heat ray reflecting film, or a light-adjusting film.

[0206] In addition, when a plurality of functional films are used in the interlayer film for laminated glass, the plurality of functional films may be the same or different.

[0207] The P-polarized light reflective film is a film having the function of reflecting P-polarized light. The interlayer film for laminated glass having the P-polarized light reflective film is preferably used for HUD (head-up display) of a vehicle. By configuring a film reflecting P-polarized light on the laminated glass and setting the light source of the HUD to P-polarized light, the polarization state of the image becomes P-polarized light, thereby improving the visibility of the HUD image under polarized sunglasses.

[0208] The P-polarized light reflective film is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of reflecting P-polarized light, and examples thereof include a film obtained by coating titanium oxide on a substrate (resin film such as a PET film).

[0209] Furthermore, even when a P-polarized light reflective film is used as the functional film of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention, the shape of the P-polarized light reflective film when the surface roughness is formed is maintained, so that optical distortion can be suppressed, and double images can be easily suppressed, which is excellent.

[0210] Hologram films generally have the function of changing the incident angle and the reflection angle.

[0211] For example, by exposing the photoreactive monomers to interference light, the image information is recorded, thereby making a holographic film. For example, a composition for an optical functional layer containing a photoreactive monomer and a matrix polymer is applied to a substrate (such as a resin film) to form an optical functional layer. Then, the photoreactive monomers in the optical functional layer are polymerized using interference light to obtain a holographic film. Furthermore, the composition for the optical functional layer and the optical functional layer may contain a photopolymerization initiator, a pigment, etc. as needed.

[0212] The photoreactive monomer is a monomer having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and capable of being polymerized by exposure to interference light. The photoreactive monomer is preferably a monomer having a relatively high refractive index. As the photoreactive monomer, an acrylic monomer is preferably used. An acrylic monomer is a monomer having either an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

[0213] The photoreactive monomer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The content of the photoreactive monomer in the optical function layer is preferably within a range of 10 to 50% by mass, for example.

[0214] Examples of the matrix polymer include polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl carbazole, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polymethacrylonitrile, polyethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, poly-1,2-dichloroethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, para-type polymethyl methacrylate, poly-α-vinyl naphthalate, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polystyrene, and poly- α-Methylstyrene, poly-o-methylstyrene, poly-p-methylstyrene, poly-p-phenylstyrene, poly-2,5-dichlorostyrene, poly-p-chlorostyrene, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, ABS resin, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinylidene chloride, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc. In addition, it can be a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene or hexafluoroethylene and vinyl alcohol, vinyl ester, vinyl ether, vinyl acetal, vinyl butyral, etc., and it can also be a copolymer of (meth) acrylic acid cyclic aliphatic ester and (meth) methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer, etc. Among these, polyurethane is preferred.

[0215] The content of the matrix polymer in the optical function layer is, for example, in the range of 30 to 80% by mass.

[0216] Even when the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention uses a hologram film as a functional film, when the surface roughness is formed on the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the shape of the hologram film can be appropriately maintained, so that optical distortion can be suppressed and the image can be appropriately viewed.

[0217] The heat ray reflecting film is a film having a function of blocking heat rays (for example, infrared rays included in sunlight, etc.) The heat ray reflecting film is produced by forming a film made of a metal compound on a resin film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film.

[0218] Even when the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention uses a heat ray reflecting film as a functional film, when the surface roughness is formed on the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the shape of the heat ray reflecting film can be appropriately maintained, so the function of reflecting heat rays can also be appropriately maintained.

[0219] The light-adjusting film is a film that can control the transmittance of light in a specific wavelength range, and can adjust the transmitted light by, for example, blocking light of a specific wavelength.

[0220] As the light-adjusting film, for example, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film may be used, or a polymer network liquid crystal (PNCL) may be used.

[0221] The dimming film can be made of a material (such as ITO) whose molecular structure changes when voltage is applied as a metal compound. For example, when voltage is applied, the change in molecular structure blocks light, while conversely, when no voltage is applied, light passes.

[0222] Even when the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention uses a light-adjusting film as a functional film, when the surface roughness is formed on the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the shape of the light-adjusting film can be appropriately maintained, so the function of the light-adjusting film can be appropriately maintained.

[0223] The solar film is a film that can generate electricity using sunlight. The solar film may contain a wavelength conversion material as a metal compound that can convert sunlight into light of a specific wavelength to improve power generation efficiency.

[0224] Furthermore, a power generation unit having a function of converting light into electricity may be provided on the surface or side of the solar film.

[0225] Specific examples of power generation units include: power generation units that use silicon-based semiconductors such as single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon for the photoelectric conversion layer; power generation units that use compound-based semiconductors represented by CuInSe or Cu(In, Ga)Se, Ag(In, Ga)Se, CuInS, Cu(In, Ga)S, Ag(In, Ga)S, or their solid solutions, CIS, CIGS, GaAs, CdTe, etc. as the photoelectric conversion layer; organic-based power generation units that use organic materials such as organic pigments for the photoelectric conversion layer, etc.

[0226] Even when the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention uses a solar film as a functional film, when the surface roughness is formed on the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the shape of the solar film can be appropriately maintained, so the function of the solar film can also be appropriately maintained.

[0227] (Thickness of functional film)

[0228] The thickness of the functional film is not particularly limited. From the perspective of exerting the specific functions of the functional film, it is preferably 0.05 μm or more, more preferably 1 μm or more, further preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 30 μm or more, further preferably 50 μm or more, and preferably 1000 μm or less, more preferably 700 μm or less, further preferably 500 μm or less.

[0229] Furthermore, when the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention includes a plurality of functional films, the thicknesses of the plurality of functional films may be the same or different.

[0230] (Size and length of functional membrane)

[0231] The size of the functional film is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the region where the specific function of the functional film is to be exerted or the desired size of the laminated glass.

[0232] The lower limit of the length of the functional film in the MD direction or the TD direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is, for example, 0.1 m, 0.25 m, 0.5 m, or 0.75 m, and the upper limit is, for example, 2 m, 1.5 m, or 1 m.

[0233] The length of the functional film in the MD direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is, for example, 100% or less, 95% or less, 90% or less, or 80% or less, and 10% or more, 20% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, or 50% or more relative to the length of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention in the MD direction.

[0234] The length of the functional film in the TD direction of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is, for example, 100% or less, 95% or less, 90% or less, or 80% or less, and 10% or more, 20% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, or 50% or more relative to the length of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention in the TD direction.

[0235] (Refractive Index)

[0236] The functional film of the present invention, and the average refractive index of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are preferably 1.40 to 1.60, more preferably 1.45 to 1.55. Furthermore, the average refractive index is an average value of the thickness of the refractive index of the functional film, the refractive index of the first polymer layer, and the refractive index of the second polymer layer. Specifically, when the refractive index of the functional film is na, the thickness is ta, the refractive index of the first polymer layer is nb, the thickness is tb, the refractive index of the second polymer layer is nc, and the thickness is tc, the average refractive index is calculated by (na·ta+nb·tb+nc·tc) / (ta+tb+tc).

[0237] When the functional film is bonded to the first polymer layer and / or the second polymer layer to form a laminate, the refractive index of the laminate is defined as the average refractive index.

[0238] By adjusting the refractive index in this manner, it becomes close to the refractive index of glass (1.52), so that, for example, double images when the interlayer film for laminated glass is used for HUD (head-up display) can be effectively prevented.

[0239] The refractive index can be measured in accordance with JIS K 7142.

[0240] [Method for producing interlayer film for laminated glass]

[0241] Prepare each polymer layer and functional film respectively, stack them, heat and laminate them to form a laminate, then give a specific surface roughness to the laminate, thus manufacturing the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention. In addition, the surface roughness can be given while the polymer layer and the functional film are laminated by heat. That is, the surface roughness can be given after the polymer layer and the functional film are laminated, or it can be carried out simultaneously with the lamination. Furthermore, the method of lamination is not particularly limited, and each polymer layer and the functional film can be prepared separately and laminated, or a coextruder can be used to obtain a multilayer polymer film, prepare the multilayer polymer film and the functional film, and other polymer layers used as needed, and laminate them.

[0242] Alternatively, the interlayer film for laminated glass may be produced by coating the surface of the functional film with a polymer composition for forming a polymer layer to form a polymer layer to obtain a laminate, and imparting a specific surface roughness to the laminate.

[0243] The method of imparting surface roughness is described below.

[0244] In the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention, roughness is preferably imparted to the surface of the polymer layer by any one of the following methods (1) to (3).

[0245] (1) A method for transferring the rough shape of a protective release film;

[0246] (2) A method for transferring the rough shape of the engraved roller;

[0247] (3) A method of transferring the rough shape of the engraved plate.

[0248] The method (1) is a method in which a protective release film having a surface roughness (Rzjis94) of at least one surface of 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less is attached to the surface of the polymer layer of the laminate, and the rough shape of the protective release film is transferred. Fig.14 As shown, a protective release film 19 having a certain surface roughness on one side is attached to the surface of the polymer layer 11 , and after a certain period of time, the protective release film 19 is peeled off, thereby forming a certain surface roughness on the surface of the polymer layer 11 .

[0249] This method can simultaneously protect the surface of the polymer layer and form the surface roughness, and is a simpler method than a method of providing the surface roughness with a roller, a plate, or the like.

[0250] The method (2) is as follows: using an engraved roller having a surface roughness (Rzjis94) of 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, and transferring the rough shape of the engraved roller onto the surface of the polymer layer. Fig.15 As shown in the figure, an interlayer film for laminated glass is arranged between two engraved rollers having a certain surface roughness so as to contact the engraved rollers, and the two engraved rollers 20 are rotated, thereby forming a certain surface roughness on the surfaces of the polymer layer 11 and the polymer layer 12. The method (2) can provide a certain surface roughness to the surface of the polymer layer by the rotation of the engraved rollers 20, so that the interlayer film for laminated glass can be continuously manufactured, and the productivity is excellent.

[0251] The method (3) is as follows: using an engraved plate 22 having a surface roughness (Rzjis94) of 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, the rough shape of the engraved plate is transferred to the surface of the polymer layer. Fig.16 As shown, an interlayer film for laminated glass is arranged between two engraved plates 22 having a certain surface roughness, and the two engraved plates 22 are pressed, thereby forming a certain surface roughness on the surfaces of the polymer layers 11 and 12 .

[0252] The surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the protective release film, the engraved roller, and the engraved plate is preferably 5 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 15 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more, further preferably 25 μm or more, further preferably 30 μm or more, further preferably 40 μm or more. In addition, the surface roughness (Rzjis94) of the protective release film, the engraved roller, and the engraved plate is preferably 90 μm or less, more preferably 80 μm or less, further preferably 70 μm or less, further preferably 60 μm or less.

[0253] The method of imparting roughness to the surface of the polymer layer may also be a method other than the methods (1) to (3) above. For example, the surface roughness may be imparted by laser engraving in which a laser is irradiated on the surface of the polymer layer. In addition, the surface roughness may be imparted to the surface of the polymer layer by coating a polymer on the surface of the polymer layer. The type of polymer to be coated is preferably the same as the type of polymer constituting the polymer layer.

[0254] (Transmittance)

[0255] Regarding the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass produced by bonding two sheets of reference glass via the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more, further preferably 10% or more, further preferably 20% or more, further preferably 30% or more, further preferably 40% or more, further preferably 50% or more.

[0256] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance is preferably 100% or less, more preferably 95% or less, further preferably 90% or less, further preferably 85% or less, further preferably 80% or less, further preferably 75% or less, further preferably 70% or less.

[0257] In addition, the visible light transmittance can be obtained by measuring using clear glass as a reference glass in accordance with JIS R3212 (2015).

[0258] <Laminated glass>

[0259] The present invention further provides a laminated glass. The laminated glass of the present invention includes a pair of glass members and an interlayer film for laminated glass disposed between the pair of glass members.

[0260] (Glass components)

[0261] As the glass member used for the laminated glass, a glass plate of either bent glass or flat glass can be used.

[0262] The glass plate may be any of inorganic glass and organic glass, preferably inorganic glass. The inorganic glass is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include transparent glass, transparent float glass, float plate glass, tempered glass, tinted glass, polished plate glass, patterned glass, wired plate glass, ultraviolet absorbing plate glass, infrared reflecting plate glass, infrared absorbing plate glass, green glass, etc.

[0263] As the organic glass, glass generally called resin glass can be used without particular limitation, and examples thereof include organic glass composed of a polycarbonate plate, a polymethyl methacrylate plate, a polyester plate, and the like.

[0264] The two glass members may be made of the same material or different materials. For example, one may be inorganic glass and the other may be organic glass. Preferably, both of the two glass members are inorganic glass or organic glass.

[0265] The thickness of each of the glass members is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.7 mm to 3 mm.

[0266] The manufacturing method of laminated glass is not particularly limited. For example, an interlayer film for laminated glass is sandwiched between two glass components, and the air remaining between the two glass components and the interlayer film for laminated glass is removed by passing through an extrusion roller or placing it in a rubber bag for decompression and suction. Thereafter, the laminate is pre-bonded at about 70 to 110°C to obtain a laminate. Next, the laminate is placed in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150°C and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 mPa. In this way, laminated glass can be obtained.

[0267] The laminated glass of the present invention can be used in various fields, for example, various window glasses. More specifically, it can be used for window glasses for vehicles such as automobiles, railway vehicles, airplanes, and ships, or window glasses for buildings, etc. The interlayer film for laminated glass or the laminated glass can be used for various window glasses, so that various images such as images, information, and signs can be displayed on the window glasses. In addition, it can also be used as a display for various electrical appliances such as household electrical appliances. Among these, it is preferably used for window glasses, and more preferably for automobile window glasses. As automobile window glasses, it can be used for any one of the front window glass, the side window glass, and the rear window glass.

[0268] For example, when used for building window glass, a light source device is installed inside the building, and light from the light source device is irradiated onto the inner surface of the window glass to display various images. Similarly, when used for vehicle window glass, it is preferably used for head-up display purposes in which a light source device is installed inside the vehicle to display various images on the laminated glass.

[0269] Example

[0270] The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples at all.

[0271] In addition, the measurement and evaluation of various physical properties were performed as follows.

[0272] [Thickness of each polymer layer and functional film]

[0273] The thickness of each resin layer was measured by averaging 10 points using a microscope "DSX500" manufactured by Olympus Corporation.

[0274] [Surface roughness]

[0275] The ten-point average roughness Rz of the polymer layer of the surface layer of the interlayer film for laminated glass was measured using the "Surfcorder SE500A" manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd., using a stylus with a tip radius of 2 μm and a tip angle of 90°, under the measurement conditions of a threshold of 2.5 mm, a reference length of 2.5 mm, a measurement length of 12.5 mm, a reserve length of 2.5 mm, and a stylus feed speed of 0.5 mm / sec. The measurement was performed in an environment of 23°C and 30 RH%.

[0276] [Ratio of the thickness curve B ±50μm area]

[0277] The ratio of the region where the displacement of the thickness of the thickness distribution curve A with respect to the thickness of the thickness distribution curve B was within 50 μm was calculated by the method described in the specification.

[0278] [Area with functional membrane]

[0279] The ratio of the area where the functional film exists to the area where the interlayer film for laminated glass exists when the interlayer film for laminated glass is observed in the thickness direction is calculated.

[0280] [Evaluation of foaming]

[0281] Evaluation was performed based on the amount of bubbles when producing laminated glass.

[0282] 100 people conducted visual observation, and the number of people who judged that the amount of bubbles was large and unacceptable for the use of laminated glass was used for judgment.

[0283] AA: Less than 10 people

[0284] A: More than 10 people and less than 30 people

[0285] B: 30 or more people but less than 70 people

[0286] C: 70 or more people

[0287] [Evaluation of optical distortion]

[0288] When making laminated glass, check whether distortion occurs when viewing the scene through the laminated glass. In addition, "-" in the table means that the amount of bubbles is large, and it is difficult to view the scene through the laminated glass, and the optical distortion cannot be evaluated. In other words, "-" means a worse result than "B".

[0289] 100 people observed and evaluated based on the number of people who judged that the scenery was distorted.

[0290] AA: Less than 20 people

[0291] A: More than 20 people and less than 70 people

[0292] B: 70 or more people

[0293] The components used in each example and comparative example are as follows.

[0294] (Polyvinyl acetal resin)

[0295] PVB1: polyvinyl butyral resin, average degree of polymerization 1700, hydroxyl content 30.3 mol%, acetylation degree 0.9 mol%, acetalization degree 68.8 mol%.

[0296] PVB2: polyvinyl butyral resin, average degree of polymerization 3000, hydroxyl content 23.8 mol%, acetylation degree 12.4 mol%, acetalization degree 63.8 mol%.

[0297] (Plasticizer)

[0298] 3GO: triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.

[0299] (UV shielding agent)

[0300] Tinuvin 326 (manufactured by BASF Corporation).

[0301] (Antioxidant)

[0302] BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol).

[0303] <Preparation of polymer layer A1>

[0304] 100 parts by mass of PVB1, 40 parts by mass of a plasticizer (3GO), 0.2 parts by mass of a UV shielding agent (Tinuvin 326), and 0.2 parts by mass of an antioxidant (BHT) were kneaded to obtain a resin composition. The resin composition was extruded by an extruder to obtain a polymer layer A1. The glass transition temperature of the polymer layer A1 was 27°C.

[0305] <Preparation of polymer layer A2>

[0306] 100 parts by mass of PVB2, 60 parts by mass of a plasticizer (3GO), 0.2 parts by mass of a UV shielding agent (Tinuvin 326), and 0.2 parts by mass of an antioxidant (BHT) were kneaded to obtain a resin composition. The resin composition was extruded by an extruder to obtain a polymer layer A2. The glass transition temperature of the polymer layer A2 was -4°C.

[0307] <Functional films used>

[0308] F1: P-polarized light reflecting film with three thicknesses: 50 μm, 100 μm, and 400 μm.

[0309] A reflective film of a specific thickness is used on a PET film coated with titanium oxide.

[0310] F2: Two types of heat ray reflecting film thickness: 50 μm and 100 μm.

[0311] Nano90S manufactured by 3M Company was used.

[0312] F3: Two types of hologram film thicknesses: 300 μm and 310 μm.

[0313] The composition for optical functional layer containing acrylic monomer as photoreactive monomer, polyurethane as matrix polymer, photopolymerization initiator, and dye is applied to TAC (cellulose triacetate) film with thickness of 300 μm and 310 μm as substrate and dried, and laminated on one side of the substrate to obtain an optical functional layer with thickness of 3 μm. Next, exposure is performed using a laser source with a wavelength of 532 nm to react and polymerize the photoreactive monomer. During exposure, light waves from two directions are interfered on the optical functional layer, thereby forming a holographic film.

[0314] F4: One type of dimming film with a thickness of 400μm.

[0315] A polymer dispersed liquid crystal film manufactured by Gauzy was used.

[0316] <Embossed method>

[0317] As a method for imparting surface roughness to the surface of the polymer layer of the surface layer (front surface or back surface) of the interlayer film for laminated glass, the following method was used.

[0318] M1: A method using a protective release film having a specific surface roughness;

[0319] M2: Method using an engraved roller with a specific surface roughness;

[0320] M3: A method using an engraved plate having a specific surface roughness.

[0321] <Embossed shape>

[0322] The shape of the surface roughness formed on the surface of the polymer layer is as follows.

[0323] P1: Figure 2 The shape of P1 is shown.

[0324] P2: Figure 2 The shape of P2 is shown.

[0325] P3: Figure 2 The shape of P3 is shown.

[0326] P4: Figure 2 The shape of P4 is shown.

[0327] P5: Figure 2 The shape of P5 is shown.

[0328] <How laminated glass is produced>

[0329] Transparent transparent glass plates (50 mm in length × 50 mm in width × 2.5 mm in thickness, visible light transmittance 90.4%) were stacked on both sides of the interlayer film for laminated glass manufactured in each embodiment and comparative example to prepare a laminate. The obtained laminate was transferred into a rubber bag, and the rubber bag was connected to a suction and decompression system, and heated at an external gas heating temperature, and kept at a reduced pressure of -600 mmHg (absolute pressure 160 mmHg) for 10 minutes, and after heating in such a way that the temperature of the laminate (preliminary pressing temperature) became 60°C, it was temporarily pressed back to atmospheric pressure. After the temporarily pressed laminate was kept in an autoclave at a temperature of 140°C and a pressure of 1.3 mPa for 10 minutes, the temperature was lowered to 50°C, and the pressure was returned to atmospheric pressure, thereby completing the formal pressing and obtaining a laminated glass.

[0330] [Examples 1 to 3]

[0331] A polymer layer A1 and a functional film F1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1 and the functional film F1 were laminated. Next, surface roughness was formed on the surface polymer layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0332] [Comparative Example 1]

[0333] The polymer layer A1 and the functional film F1 were laminated by heat to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1 and the functional film F1 were laminated. In addition, the interlayer film for laminated glass of Comparative Example 1 had release films attached to the front and back surfaces as described in Table 1, but the release film used in Comparative Example 1 had a smooth surface. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0334] [Examples 4 to 6]

[0335] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F1, a polymer layer A1, a polymer layer A2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F1, the polymer layer A1, the polymer layer A2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. Next, the surface roughness was formed on the polymer layer of the surface layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0336] [Comparative Example 2]

[0337] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F1, a polymer layer A1, a polymer layer A2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F1, the polymer layer A1, the polymer layer A2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. In addition, the interlayer film for laminated glass of Comparative Example 2 was a film having a release film attached to the surface as described in Table 1, but the release film used in Comparative Example 2 had a smooth surface. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0338] [Examples 7 to 9]

[0339] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. Next, the surface roughness was formed on the polymer layer of the surface layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0340] [Comparative Example 3]

[0341] The polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, and the polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, these were laminated by heat to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0342] [Examples 10 to 12]

[0343] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. Next, the surface roughness was formed on the surface polymer layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 1. Furthermore, in Examples 10 to 12, the embossing was formed by an engraved roller, but an engraved roller with uneven surface roughness was used compared to the engraved rollers used in other Examples. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0344] [Examples 13 to 15]

[0345] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F2, a polymer layer A1, a functional film F3, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, the polymer layer A1, the functional film F3, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in sequence. Next, the surface roughness was formed on the polymer layer of the surface layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 2. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0346] [Comparative Example 4]

[0347] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F2, a polymer layer A1, a functional film F3, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, these were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F2, the polymer layer A1, the functional film F3, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0348] [Examples 16 to 20]

[0349] A resin composition for forming polymer layer A1 and a resin composition for forming polymer layer A2 are respectively used, and coextrusion is performed using a coextruder to obtain a multilayer polymer film having a three-layer structure in which polymer layer A1, polymer layer A2, and polymer layer A1 are sequentially stacked. The polymer layer A1 and the functional film F4 prepared separately and the multilayer polymer film having a three-layer structure prepared in the above manner are overlapped, and they are laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which polymer layer A1, functional film F4, polymer layer A1, polymer layer A2, and polymer layer A1 are sequentially stacked. Furthermore, in Examples 19 and 20, the pressing time during lamination is made shorter than that in other Examples. Next, the surface roughness is formed on the polymer layer of the surface layer by the embossing method and embossing shape described in Table 2. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0350] In Example 19, an air layer was observed between the surface polymer layer A1 and the functional film F4 in the interlayer film for laminated glass. In Example 20, an air layer was observed between the surface polymer layer A1 and the functional film F4 and between the functional film F4 and the inner polymer layer A1 in the interlayer film for laminated glass.

[0351] [Comparative Example 5]

[0352] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F4, a polymer layer A1, a polymer layer A2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F4, the polymer layer A1, the polymer layer A2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0353] [Examples 21-22]

[0354] An embossed plate, a polymer layer A1, a functional film F1, a polymer layer A1, a polymer layer A2, a polymer layer A1 and an embossed plate were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F1, the polymer layer A1, the polymer layer A2 and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in sequence, and at the same time, the surface roughness was formed on the polymer layer of the surface layer by the embossed shape described in Table 2. In addition, the functional film F1 used was smaller in size than each polymer layer. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0355] [Comparative Example 6]

[0356] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F1, a polymer layer A1, a polymer layer A2, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an intermediate film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F1, the polymer layer A1, the polymer layer A2, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in sequence. In addition, the functional film F1 was used in a size smaller than that of each polymer layer. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0357] [Example 23]

[0358] A polymer layer A1, a functional film F1, and a polymer layer A1 were prepared. Then, they were laminated by heat to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass in which the polymer layer A1, the functional film F1, and the polymer layer A1 were laminated in this order. The polymer layer on the back side had a thickness of 1260 μm at the thickest part and a wedge-shaped polymer layer with a wedge angle of 0.5 mrad.

[0359]

[0360]

[0361] As described above, the laminated glass of each example including the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention has excellent degassing properties and good evaluations related to optical distortion, since the surface roughness of the first polymer layer is within a specific range, without impairing the functions of the functional film.

[0362] Description of the accompanying drawings

[0363] 10: Interlayer film for laminated glass

[0364] 11: First polymer layer

[0365] 12: Second polymer layer

[0366] 13: Inner polymer layer

[0367] 14: Inner polymer layer

[0368] 15: Functional membrane

[0369] 16: Functional membrane

[0370] 17: Polymer layer

[0371] 18: Air layer

[0372] 19: Protective release film

[0373] 20: Engraving roller

[0374] 21: Wedge-shaped polymer layer

[0375] 22: Engraving board

Claims

1. An intermediate film for laminated glass, comprising a functional film and a first polymer layer provided on one surface of the functional film and constituting an outermost layer, wherein the surface roughness Rzjis94 of the outer surface of the first polymer layer is 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. 2 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , comprising a second polymer layer, the second polymer layer constituting an outermost layer on the opposite side to the first polymer layer, and the surface roughness Rzjis94 of the outer surface of the second polymer layer is 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less. 3 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , comprising three or more polymer layers. 4 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 2 , wherein a difference in surface roughness Ra between outer surfaces of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is 1 μm or more. 5 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 2 , wherein a difference in thickness between the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer is 1 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. 6 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the first polymer layer and / or the second polymer layer comprises at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetal resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resins. 7 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein among the polymer layers included in the interlayer film for laminated glass, at least one polymer layer has different thicknesses at one end and the other end. 8 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the functional film is a film having a function of absorbing or reflecting specific light. 9 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the functional film comprises a polyethylene terephthalate resin. 10 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the functional film comprises a metal compound. 11 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the functional film comprises a P-polarized light reflecting film, a holographic film, a heat ray reflecting film, a light-adjusting film, or a sunlight film. 12 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 2 , wherein the outer surface of the first polymer layer and the outer surface of the second polymer layer have a regular shape or an irregular shape.

13. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one surface is protected by a protective release film. 14 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the protective release film has a surface roughness Rzjis94 of 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less.

15. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in 80% of the region including the functional film, when comparing a thickness distribution curve A obtained by measuring the thickness at equal intervals with a thickness distribution curve B obtained by performing a moving average process and smoothing the thickness distribution curve A, at least 70% of the region has an absolute value of a displacement of the thickness of the thickness distribution curve A with respect to the thickness of the thickness distribution curve B of 50 μm or less. 16 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the functional film is 0.05 μm or more. 17 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , comprising a polymer layer having a glass transition temperature Tg of less than 15° C. 18 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 2 , wherein the average refractive index of the functional film, the first polymer layer, and the second polymer layer is 1.40 or more and 1.60 or less.

19. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, having product information printed thereon. 20 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of an area of ​​the functional film to an area of ​​the interlayer film for laminated glass when viewed in a thickness direction is 50% or more. 21 . The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 , comprising an air layer between the functional film and the polymer layer.

22. A laminated glass comprising the interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, and a pair of laminated glass members. The interlayer film for laminated glass is disposed between the pair of laminated glass members, and the laminated glass member is any one of bent glass and flat glass.

23. A method for producing an interlayer film for laminated glass, which is the method for producing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein roughness is imparted to the surface of the polymer layer by any one of the following methods (1) to (3): (1) A method for transferring the rough shape of a protective release film; (2) A method for transferring the rough shape of the engraved roller; (3) A method of transferring the rough shape of the engraved plate.

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