Composite fine mud and sand mineral separating and recycling system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite fine mud and sand mineral separating and recycling system and a method thereof. The system comprises a grit chamber, a solid-liquid separation device and a carrying-out device, a sand collecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the grit chamber and is connected to the solid-liquid separation device; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a plurality of cyclone separators and a flotation fluidized bed, the cyclone separators are arranged above the flotation fluidized bed, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the flotation fluidized bed, and the partition plates form a plurality of channels in the water flow rising direction; the carrying-out device is arranged at the downstream of the solid-liquid separation device, and a feeding opening of the carrying-out device is formed in the grit chamber. The separating and recycling method is carried out through the system, mud and sand with large viscidity and fine particles can be treated in a targeted mode, composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling based on gas and liquid media are achieved, the mud and sand separation accuracy and efficiency are improved, and through the modular and composite device design, the mud and sand separation efficiency is improved. The maintenance process is simplified, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sediment separation and recovery, and in particular relates to a composite fine sediment mineral separation and recovery system and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the mineral mining and processing industry, effective mud and sand mineral separation technology is of great significance to resource utilization and environmental protection. Traditional mud and sand separation methods usually face problems such as low separation efficiency, serious waste of resources and environmental pollution. Especially when dealing with mud and sand with high viscosity and fine particles, conventional separation equipment often cannot achieve the ideal separation effect. Therefore, the development of a technology and device that can efficiently separate and recover mud and sand minerals has become an important demand for the development of the industry.

[0003] Existing separation technologies mainly rely on physical screening methods, such as screen separation and gravity sedimentation. Although these methods perform well in processing coarse mud and sand, their efficiency in separating fine sand and sand is greatly reduced. In addition, these traditional methods often cannot handle sticky mud and sand well, which can easily lead to equipment blockage and reduced processing efficiency, thus affecting the stable operation of the entire production line. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system and method, which solves the problems of insufficient separation performance of mud and sand mixture and large amount of mineral resources wasted due to the bonding effect between fine mud and sand in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] One of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: providing a composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system, including a grit chamber, a solid-liquid separation device and a carrying-out device; a sand collecting pipe is provided at the bottom of the grit chamber, and the sand collecting pipe is connected to the solid-liquid separation device; the solid-liquid separation device includes a plurality of cyclone separators and a flotation fluidized bed, the cyclone separator is arranged above the flotation fluidized bed, and a plurality of partitions are provided in the flotation fluidized bed, and the partitions form a plurality of channels along the rising direction of the water flow; the carrying-out device is arranged downstream of the solid-liquid separation device, and the delivery port of the carrying-out device is arranged in the grit chamber.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sand settling tank is provided with a sedimentation tank along the water flow direction, and a slope is provided in the sedimentation tank, and the slope is inclined toward the sand collecting pit downstream of the sedimentation tank, and the inlet end of the sand collecting pipe is located in the sand collecting pit; the sand collecting pit is also provided with a water pump or connected to a pump well.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flotation fluidized bed is installed in the container of the solid-liquid separation device, and the cyclone separator is installed on the container cover of the solid-liquid separation device; a mounting hole is provided on the container cover, and the cyclone separator is fixed in the mounting hole through a flange.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cyclone separator is provided with a delivery pipe above the container cover, one end of which is connected to the upstream of the sand settling tank; the bottom flow outlet of the cyclone separator is located below the container cover and is arranged above the liquid surface of the flotation fluidized bed.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid-liquid separation device is provided with a water jet port and an air jet port, and a plurality of partitions are arranged above the two; the partitions are vertically staggered to form a channel matrix inside the container, and the direction of the channels in the matrix is ​​along the rising direction of the water flow.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a collecting trough is provided at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device, the collecting trough is connected to the feed inlet of the carrying-out device, and the inclined surface of the collecting trough is adapted to the inclined angle of the carrying-out device.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a screw conveyor is provided inside the carrying-out device, and the axial direction of the screw conveyor is consistent with the extending direction of the carrying-out device; the screw conveyor is driven by a motor and a transmission device.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the carrying-out device, and a valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

[0013] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: to provide a composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery method, using the above-mentioned composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system. It includes the following steps:

[0014] (1) Sedimentation: The particles collected from the mine are used as raw materials, stirred to form a mixed mortar, and then sprayed into a sand settling tank for sedimentation;

[0015] (2) Separation: The particles settled at the bottom are extracted to the solid-liquid separation device through the sand collecting pipe; the first screening is carried out through the cyclone diverter, and the fine particles are discharged and separated from the top; the large particles enter the flotation fluidized bed for further separation;

[0016] (3) Recovery: The large particles separated from the flotation fluidized bed are dehydrated by the removal device and transported to the grit chamber to repeat the sedimentation and separation process.

[0017] Compared with the background technology, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. Based on sedimentation, the present invention further utilizes the combination of cyclone separator and flotation fluidized bed to achieve fine screening and separation of mud and sand minerals:

[0019] ① The slurry extracted from the sand collection pit to the solid-liquid separation device will first disperse the fine particles adhering to the surface of large particles during sedimentation in the sedimentation tank;

[0020] ② The sand pump inputs the sand in the sand collection pit into the cyclone separator, which can effectively perform preliminary screening of the mortar and remove most of the coarse particles;

[0021] ③ The flotation fluidized bed further separates the fine particles adhering to the coarse particles through the action of rising water flow, so that the fine particles are suspended to the surface of the liquid and the large particles sink to the bottom, thereby greatly improving the separation efficiency and recovery rate.

[0022] 2. The present invention not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of mud and sand separation, but also through modular and composite device design, especially the solid-liquid separation device adopts a composite design rather than an integrated design, so that it can be more convenient to disassemble and maintain, reducing operating costs, more in line with actual production conditions, and more flexible.

[0023] 3. The development of the separation device and method of the present invention not only helps to improve the utilization rate of mineral resources, but also contributes to environmental protection. It is an important trend in the current and future development of mineral processing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system of the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separation device and a carrying-out device of an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the solid-liquid separation device and the carrying-out device of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 The internal structure diagram of the flotation fluidized bed in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the carrying device of the embodiment.

[0029] in,

[0030] 1-sand settling tank, 11-sand collecting pipe, 12-sedimentation tank, 13-inclined surface, 14-sand pump, 15-sand collecting pit, 16-pump well, 17-water pump, 18-sand collecting nozzle, 19-water pump;

[0031] 2-solid-liquid separation device, 21-cylinder, 22-container cover, 23-support legs, 24-collecting trough, 25-feeding port;

[0032] 3-cyclone separator, 31-conveying pipe, 32-underflow port, 33-contraction part, 34-overflow port;

[0033] 4-flotation fluidized bed, 41-partition plate, 42-channel, 43-water jet port, 44-air jet port, 45-fluid supply pipe, 46, 47-vertical plates;

[0034] 5-carrying device, 51-screw conveyor, 52-motor, 53-transmission device, 54-dropping port, 55-discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described below through specific embodiments. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Example

[0037] This embodiment is a composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system, such as Figure 1 , including a grit chamber 1, a solid-liquid separation device 2 and a moving-out device 5.

[0038] A sand collecting pipe 11 is provided at the bottom of the sand settling tank 1, and the sand collecting pipe 11 is connected to the solid-liquid separation device 2; the sand settling tank 1 is provided with a sedimentation tank 12 along the water flow direction, and an inclined surface 13 is provided in the sedimentation tank 12, and the inclined surface 13 is inclined toward a sand collecting pit 15 downstream of the sedimentation tank 12, and the inlet end of the sand collecting pipe 11 is located in the sand collecting pit 15; the sand collecting pit 15 is also connected to a pump well 16.

[0039] Figure 1 In the figure, sewage flows into the grit chamber 1 from the right side. As the sewage flows to the left in the figure, the sand in the sewage gradually settles to the bottom of the chamber. In this embodiment, the pump well 16 is located at the most downstream side of the grit chamber 1 and is a part for storing sewage after the sand is removed. A pumping pump 17 is provided in the pump well 16, and the pumping pump 17 sends the sewage stored in the pump well 16 out of the grit chamber 1. The pumping pump 17 is connected to a pumping pipe 19, and the sewage sucked by the pumping pump 17 is sent to a sedimentation tank not shown through the pumping pipe 19. Figure 1The sewage level L1 in the grit chamber 1 is also shown, and the water level varies according to the amount of sewage flowing into the grit chamber 1, for example, within a range of 1 meter to 5 meters. The sedimentation tank 12 is relatively located at the bottom of the pool upstream of the pump well 16, and the sand collecting pit 15 is located between the pump well 16 and the tank. In this embodiment, the inclined surface 13 of the sedimentation tank 12 is inclined by about 5 to 10 degrees and extends along the flow direction of the sewage in the grit chamber 1, ensuring that the particles sprayed by the sand collecting nozzle 18 can slowly fall into the sand collecting pit 15, and the sand collecting pit 15 has enough time for sand and gravel to settle.

[0040] The sand collected in the sand collecting pit 15 is transported to the solid-liquid separation device 2 by the sand pump 14. The sand pump 14 is located near the bottom of the sand collecting pit 15, and is connected to a sand collecting pipe 11. The sand pump 14 sucks the sand collected in the sand collecting pit 15 together with the sewage, and transports them to the solid-liquid separation device 2 through the sand collecting pipe 11. Sand is solid and sewage is liquid. These sewage mixed with sand are called sand mixed water, which is a kind of solid mixed liquid. The proportion of sand in the sand mixed water transported to the solid-liquid separation device 2 by the sand pump 14 varies according to the amount of sand collected in the sand collecting pit 15, and is about 5% to 10% on average. The amount of sand mixed water transported to the solid-liquid separation device 2 by the sand pump 14 is about 5.0 cubic meters per hour. The amount of sand mixed water flowing into the solid-liquid separation device 2 depends on the capacity of the sand pump 14, so an appropriate sand pump 14 is selected according to the size of the solid-liquid separation device 2. However, in order to balance the amount of liquid components sucked into the flotation fluidized bed 48 with the amount discharged from the bottom flow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3, it is recommended to use a sand pump 14 with a flow rate of more than 5.0 cubic meters per hour. At the same time, a sand pump 14 with too high a capacity will increase the price and energy consumption, so it is recommended to use a sand pump 14 with a flow rate not exceeding 7 cubic meters per hour.

[0041] The solid-liquid separation device 2 includes a plurality of cyclone separators 3 and a flotation fluidized bed 4. The cyclone separators 3 are arranged above the flotation fluidized bed 4. The flotation fluidized bed 4 is provided with a plurality of partitions 41. The partitions 41 form a plurality of channels 42 along the rising direction of the water flow. In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation device 2 adopts a cylindrical container. The flotation fluidized bed 4 is installed in the container, and the cyclone separators 3 are installed on the container cover 22. The container cover 22 is provided with a mounting hole, and four or more cyclone separators are installed in the mounting hole side by side through flanges. The cyclone separator 3 is provided with a conveying pipe 31 above the container cover 22, and one end of the conveying pipe 31 is connected to the upstream of the grit chamber 1. The bottom flow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3 is located below the container cover 22 and is arranged above the liquid level of the flotation fluidized bed 4. There is a height difference of 5 to 10 cm between the bottom flow port 32 and the liquid level L2 on the flotation fluidized bed 4. Figure 2 The container cover 22 is provided with a plurality of holes having the same outer diameter as the cylindrical barrel 21 of the cyclone separator 3. The cyclone separator 3 is inserted into the hole through the upper end portion of the contraction portion 33 thereof and is assembled and fixed by the container flange. Figure 2 Only the lower end portion of the middle support leg 23 is shown, and the lower end of the support leg 23 is grounded, so that the flotation fluidized bed 4 is fixed on the ground.

[0042] like Figure 4 The solid-liquid separation device 2 is provided with a water jet port 43 and an air jet port 44, and a plurality of partitions 41 are arranged above the two. In this embodiment, 6×6 mutually perpendicular partitions 41 are used, and the vertical plates 46 in the x-axis direction and the vertical plates 47 in the y-axis direction are arranged perpendicularly and staggered to form a channel 42 matrix inside the container. When the rising water flow enters the container from the bottom, it is guided by the partitions 41. Under the action of the water pump, water is injected into the cylinder 21 through the water injection port 43 in the fluid supply pipe 45, and air enters the bottom upper water distribution plate through the air pump, and is injected into the cylinder 21 through the air injection port 44 to form bubbles. When the water-sand mixture discharged from the rising water flow and the bottom flow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3 enters the bed layer, the water flow state inside the flotation fluidized bed 4 will be disturbed under the impact of the water flow, so that the particle separation inside the bed layer cannot be carried out stably. When the content of solid and liquid mixed in the bottom flow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3 increases, liquid bridge phenomenon will be generated between particles, thereby generating particle clusters to gather and enter the inside of the flotation fluidized bed 4. At this time, the cluster phenomenon composed of a large number of particles will cause the particle group to sink to the bottom quickly. , thus unable to produce effective sorting, and also disturbing the internal flow field. In order to avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon, the 6×6 baffles 41 arranged inside the flotation fluidized bed 4 can guide the rising water flow, so that the flow field inside the flotation fluidized bed 4 remains stable, and the baffles 41 can also effectively break up the particle clusters. When the gap between the baffles 41 is narrow enough, when the clustering effect generated by the particle clusters collides with the baffles 41, the baffles 41 will generate a shear force on the particle clusters, thereby reducing the clustering effect of the particles. At the same time, due to the coarse grain sand discharged from the bottom flow outlet 32 ​​of the cyclone separator 3, the fine grain sand mixed in the coarse grain sand is separated to the upper water level L2 of the flotation fluidized bed 4 by the action of the rising water flow and bubbles.

[0043] The cyclone separator 3 removes part of the sewage from the sand mixed in the water and transports it out through the delivery pipe 31. The top of the cyclone separator 3 is also provided with an overflow port 34. The other end of the delivery pipe 31 can be connected to the water surface L1 below the upstream part of the grit chamber 1 and immersed in the water. Even if coarse sand particles are discharged from the solid-liquid separation device 2 through the delivery pipe 31, they can be settled again in the grit chamber 1 and returned to the solid-liquid separation device 2 through circulation. After the concentration of the sand from which part of the sewage and fine sand particles are removed is increased, it is discharged from the bottom flow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3 into the flotation fluidized bed 4. The flotation fluidized bed 4 further separates the fine particles adhering to the coarse particles through the rising bubbles and water flow. It can also be set near the bottom of the grit chamber 19.

[0044] The carrying-out device 5 is disposed downstream of the solid-liquid separation device 2 , and a loading port 54 of the carrying-out device 5 is disposed in the grit chamber 1 . Figure 3 In the embodiment, a collection tank 24 is provided at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device 2. The collection tank 24 is connected to the feed port of the removal device 5, and the inclined surface of the collection tank 24 is adapted to the inclined angle of the removal device 5. The sand in the underflow product discharged from the underflow port 32 of the cyclone separator 3 is sorted under the action of the rising water flow, and the coarse sand falls into the bottom collection tank 24 along the inclined surface, or is directly accumulated on the removal device 5 connected to the lower end.

[0045] The inside of the carrying-out device 5 is provided with a screw conveyor 51, the axial direction of the screw conveyor 51 is consistent with the extension direction of the carrying-out device 5, the height between the rotating blades in the carrying-out device 5 is about 15cm to 20cm, and the inclination angle is about 20 degrees, which can filter the water flow while preventing particles from falling; Figure 5 The screw conveyor 51 is driven by a motor 52 and a transmission device 53. A discharge pipe 55 is provided at the bottom of the carrying-out device 5. The discharge pipe 55 is provided with a valve for discharging the liquid and sand remaining in the flotation fluidized bed 4 and the carrying-out device 5 during inspection.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery method, using the composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system, specifically including the following steps:

[0047] (1) Sedimentation process:

[0048] a. The raw materials are collected from the mine and then mixed and sprayed into the sand settling tank 1 through the sand collecting nozzle 18;

[0049] b. The mixed mortar sprayed by the nozzle 18 enters the bottom of the sedimentation tank. Under the slight inclination of the inclined surface of the bottom of the tank, the mortar flows into the sand collection pit 15 along with the water flow, and sedimentation occurs in the sand collection pit 15;

[0050] c. The sand settled at the bottom of the sand collecting pit 15 is pumped to the solid-liquid separation device 2 through the sand collecting pipe 11 by the sand pump 14;

[0051] (2) Separation process:

[0052] a. The sand collecting pipe 11 is connected to the cyclone feed port 25. The slurry is transported to the cyclone through the sand collecting pipe 11. The slurry is screened for the first time under the action of the cyclone. Large particles will be discharged from the bottom of the cyclone, and fine particles will be discharged from the top of the cyclone for separation.

[0053] b. Large particles enter the flotation fluidized bed 4 from the bottom of the cyclone. A water distribution pipe is installed at the bottom of the flotation fluidized bed 4. Under the action of the rising water flow velocity, the large particles are further separated;

[0054] (3) Recycling process:

[0055] a. The large particles separated from the flotation fluidized bed 4 will fall into the bottom of the flotation fluidized bed 4. When the concentration reaches the detection value, the outlet at the bottom of the flotation fluidized bed 4 will open, and the separated particles will fall into the removal device 5;

[0056] The transmission device 53 , driven by the motor 52 , starts to work on the screw conveyor 51 , and brings a large number of large particles deposited at the bottom out of the delivery port 54 through the screw conveyor 51 .

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system, characterized by: It includes a grit chamber, a solid-liquid separation device and a carrying-out device; a sand collecting pipe is provided at the bottom of the grit chamber, and the sand collecting pipe is connected to the solid-liquid separation device; the solid-liquid separation device includes a plurality of cyclone separators and a flotation fluidized bed, the cyclone separators are arranged above the flotation fluidized bed, a plurality of partitions are arranged in the flotation fluidized bed, and the partitions form a plurality of channels along the rising direction of the water flow; the carrying-out device is arranged downstream of the solid-liquid separation device, and the delivery port of the carrying-out device is arranged in the grit chamber.

2. A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand settling tank is provided with a sedimentation tank along the water flow direction, and a slope is provided in the sedimentation tank, and the slope is inclined toward the sand collecting pit downstream of the sedimentation tank. The inlet end of the sand collecting pipe is located in the sand collecting pit; the sand collecting pit is also provided with a water pump or connected to a pump well.

3. The composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flotation fluidized bed is installed in the container of the solid-liquid separation device, and the cyclone separator is installed on the container cover of the solid-liquid separation device; a mounting hole is provided on the container cover, and the cyclone separator is fixed in the mounting hole through a flange.

4. A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cyclone separator is provided with a delivery pipe above the container cover, one end of which is connected to the upstream of the sand settling tank; the bottom flow port of the cyclone separator is located below the container cover and is arranged above the liquid surface of the flotation fluidized bed.

5. The composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The solid-liquid separation device is provided with a water jet and an air jet, and a plurality of partitions are arranged above the two; the partitions are arranged vertically and staggered to form a channel matrix inside the container, and the direction of the channels in the matrix is ​​along the rising direction of the water flow.

6. A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A material collecting trough is provided at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device, and the material collecting trough is communicated with the material inlet of the carrying-out device.

7. The composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A screw conveyor is arranged inside the carrying-out device, and the axial direction of the screw conveyor is consistent with the extending direction of the carrying-out device; the screw conveyor is driven by a motor and a transmission device.

8. The composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recycling system according to claim 7 is characterized by: A discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the carrying-out device, and a valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

9. A composite fine sand mineral separation and recovery method, characterized in that: A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used.

10. A composite fine mud and sand mineral separation and recovery method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Sedimentation: The particles collected from the mine are used as raw materials, stirred to form a mixed mortar, and then sprayed into the grit chamber for sedimentation; (2) Separation: The particles settled at the bottom are extracted to the solid-liquid separation device through the sand collecting pipe; The first screening is carried out through the cyclone separator, so that the fine particles are discharged from the top for separation; the large particles enter the flotation fluidized bed for further separation; (3) Recovery: The large particles separated from the flotation fluidized bed are dehydrated by the removal device and transported to the grit chamber to repeat the sedimentation and separation process.

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