Water quality detection and inspection equipment based on a drone platform

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses a water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a multi-load mechanism, a matching mechanism and an inspection mechanism are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, a connecting portion is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a limiting groove in a circular structure is formed in the bottom surface of the connecting portion, a plurality of apertures are formed in the inner wall surface of the limiting groove, the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with the matching mechanism, the matching mechanism comprises a matching mechanism connecting rod, the matching mechanism connecting rod is detachably installed at the connecting portion, and a limiting disc is fixedly installed at one end of the matching mechanism connecting rod. The unmanned aerial vehicle realizes accurate placement of the water quality detection equipment through the combination of the matching mechanism and the multi-load mechanism; and the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes flexible detection and accurate measurement of water quality through the combination of the matching mechanism and the inspection mechanism. The equipment can be placed and salvaged without manual on-site operation, thereby saving a large amount of time and labor cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water quality monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle technology, and particularly relates to a water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water quality monitoring plays an important role in environmental protection and aquaculture. Water quality monitoring equipment, such as dissolved oxygen sensors, multifunctional water quality detection sensors, etc., is widely used in water quality monitoring tasks in various water bodies. In actual use, water quality monitoring equipment is placed in the water environment for a long time, and its surface is easily attached with pollutants such as algae and microorganisms, which will interfere with the normal operation of the monitoring equipment and reduce the accuracy of the monitoring data. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring equipment, it needs to be recovered for cleaning and maintenance work frequently. However, at present, the placement and recovery of water quality monitoring equipment is relatively complex and tedious, and a large amount of manpower and time is required. Usually, professional personnel need to arrive at the equipment deployment point to salvage the equipment and then perform a series of cleaning, detection, maintenance and recalibration. The salvage process consumes a large amount of manpower, material resources and time cost, which seriously restricts the efficiency and continuity of water quality monitoring work.

[0003] For water areas where water quality detection equipment is installed and water quality needs to be detected regularly, convenient and fast water quality inspection equipment needs to be developed. At present, manual inspection is required to reach the site, and detection is performed according to the predetermined trajectory and detection points.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform to solve the problem of inconvenient salvage and recovery of floating water quality monitoring equipment and improve the overall efficiency and convenience of water quality monitoring and inspection work. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application mainly solves the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides a water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: the water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform includes an unmanned aerial vehicle, a multi-load mechanism, a matching mechanism and an inspection mechanism are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, a connecting part is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a circular limiting groove is formed in the bottom surface of the connecting part, a plurality of openings are formed in the inner wall surface of the limiting groove, a matching mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the matching mechanism includes a matching mechanism connecting rod, the matching mechanism connecting rod is detachably installed at the connecting part, a limiting disc is fixedly installed at one end of the matching mechanism connecting rod, a matching protrusion is fixedly installed at the top surface of the limiting disc, the structure of the matching protrusion is matched with the structure of the limiting groove, a plurality of cylindrical limiting protrusions are arranged on the peripheral side wall surface of the matching protrusion, and a thread is formed in the outer circle of the matching mechanism connecting rod.

[0007] The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a multi-load mechanism through a matching mechanism, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an inspection mechanism through the matching mechanism.

[0008] As preferred, the multi-load mechanism comprises a plurality of multi-load boxes, the top surface of the multi-load box is fixedly provided with a bearing, and the matching mechanism connecting rod is threadedly connected with the multi-load box through cooperation of the bearing.

[0009] As preferred, the multi-load box is a rectangular hollow box body, the inside top surface of the multi-load box is provided with a plurality of load box inside fixed flanges, the inside of the multi-load box is fixedly provided with a plurality of hollow connecting rods through the load box inside fixed flanges, the lower end of the hollow connecting rod is fixedly provided with a connecting mechanism, and the lower end of the connecting mechanism is detachably provided with a water quality detection device.

[0010] As preferred, the top surface of the connecting mechanism is provided with a connecting rod fixed flange, the connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the hollow connecting rod through the connecting rod fixed flange, the top surface of the connecting mechanism is provided with an electromagnet cover, the cover is provided with a threaded hole, the connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with the connecting fixed flange at the bottom of the hollow connecting rod through the threaded hole, the connecting mechanism and the water quality detection device are detachably connected through clamping, and the side close to the connecting mechanism of the water quality detection device is fixedly provided with a hemispherical convex matching part.

[0011] As preferred, the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a hemispherical convex matching part on the water quality detection device, the water quality detection device is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism through the hemispherical convex matching part, and the inside cavity of the connecting mechanism is slidably provided with lock latches in left-right mirror image distribution.

[0012] As preferred, a plurality of lock latch electromagnets are fixedly provided at the positions of the lock latches in the connecting mechanism, the lock latch electromagnets have magnetic force characteristics when powered on, and lose the magnetic force characteristics when powered off. The top of the connecting mechanism is provided with a top electromagnet, which also has magnetic force characteristics when powered on and loses the magnetic force characteristics when powered off, and is used to provide an upward attractive force for the water quality detection device when the water quality detection device is recovered.

[0013] As preferred, the bottom surface of the water quality detection device is provided with a water quality sensor, and the bottom surface of the water quality detection device is also fixedly provided with a protective screen, the protective screen is sleeved on the water quality sensor, and the protective screen has filtering and isolation effects, thereby prolonging the service life of the water quality sensor.

[0014] As preferred, the inside of the inspection mechanism support is provided with a roller, the inside of the inspection mechanism support is fixedly provided with a roller support, the roller is rotatably installed in the roller support, the roller is provided with a rope, the free end of the rope is provided with a counterweight, the counterweight is provided with a sensor, and the outer surface of the sensor is fixedly provided with a sensor protection screen.

[0015] As preferred, the inside of the inspection mechanism support is further provided with a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the installation shaft of the roller through a shaft coupling, and the inside of the inspection mechanism support is provided with a power supply battery for providing power supply for the motor.

[0016] As preferred, the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicle cameras.

[0017] Beneficial effects

[0018] The application provides a water quality detection and inspection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform.

[0019] (1) The water quality detection and inspection equipment based on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform can automatically perform water quality monitoring equipment launching and recovery operation through the design of the multi-load water quality detection unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle realizes accurate launching of the water quality detection equipment through the combination of the pairing mechanism and the multi-load mechanism, so that the device can be placed and salvaged without manual on-site operation, a large amount of time and labor cost is saved, in addition, the design of the pairing mechanism enables the device to be stably installed and separated, ensures the stable work of the device during water quality detection, and improves the automation level of the whole process.

[0020] (2) The water quality detection and inspection equipment based on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform ensures the stability of the water quality detection equipment on the water surface by adopting the water quality detection equipment with buoyancy characteristics, thereby improving the accuracy of water quality data collection, the solar panel equipped on the water quality detection equipment provides long-time power support for the equipment, avoids frequent battery replacement, the design of the protection screen effectively protects the water quality sensor, prolongs the service life of the equipment, and reduces the measurement error caused by sensor pollution. In addition, the regular automatic inspection of the sensor also improves the continuity and reliability of the water quality monitoring data, and adapts to the needs of different water environments.

[0021] (3), the water quality detection and inspection equipment based on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the inspection mechanism and the multi-load water quality detection equipment are switched for use, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle can not only perform the launching and recovery of the equipment, but also perform the water quality inspection task. By setting the control system of the rope, the sensor can be intermittently contacted with the water surface, so that the flexible inspection function is realized. This design avoids the high labor intensity of traditional manual inspection, and improves the coverage efficiency between monitoring points. The unmanned aerial vehicle can freely cruise above the water area to perform regular water quality inspection, which significantly improves the comprehensiveness and automation level of water quality monitoring work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the pairing structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the load mechanism of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the pairing structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the inspection mechanism of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the connecting part of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod and the connecting part of the pairing mechanism of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the connecting rod of the pairing mechanism of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the limiting groove of the pairing mechanism of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the multi-load box of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the hollow connecting rod structure of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connecting mechanism and the water quality detection equipment structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connecting mechanism and the water quality detection equipment structure of the present application;

[0033] Figure 11 The figure is a schematic diagram of the water quality detection equipment structure of the present application;

[0034] Figure 12 The figure is a schematic diagram of the inspection mechanism structure of the present application.

[0035] Figure 13 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure of the locking tongue in the connecting mechanism of the present application;

[0036] Figure legend:

[0037] 1. UAV; 11. UAV camera; 12. UAV support; 13. UAV motor; 14. UAV control center; 15. propeller;

[0038] 2. pairing mechanism; 21. connecting part; 211. limiting groove; 212. top connecting threaded hole; 22. pairing mechanism connecting rod; 221. pairing convex head; 222. cylindrical limiting convex head; 23. limiting disc; 24. thread; 25. bearing;

[0039] 3. multi-load mechanism; 31. multi-load box; 311. load box top bearing sleeve; 312. load box internal fixed disc; 32. hollow connecting rod; 321. connecting rod fixed disc;

[0040] 33. connecting mechanism; 331. concave guide rail groove body; 332. top electromagnet; 3321. top electric wire; 3322. electromagnet cover; 333. locking tongue fixed platform; 334. electric coil hole; 335. locking tongue; 336. spring; 337. locking tongue electromagnet; 338. electric wire hole; 34. water quality detection equipment;

[0041] 341. battery; 342. hemispherical convex pairing piece; 3421. convex pairing piece fixed disc; 343. solar panel; 344. bottom cavity floating plate; 345. square fixed base; 346. water quality sensor; 347. water quality data receiving unit; 348. protective filter screen; 349. battery fixing support;

[0042] 4. inspection mechanism; 41. inspection mechanism support; 42. inspection mechanism top bearing sleeve; 43. roller; 44. rope; 441. counterweight; 442. sensor; 443. sensor protective filter screen; 45. roller support; 46. motor; 461. coupling; 462. power supply battery; 47. control unit.

[0043] It should be noted that these drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1: Water quality testing and inspection equipment based on a drone platform, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the system includes a drone 1, a multi-load mechanism 3, a pairing mechanism 2, and an inspection mechanism 4. The drone 1 is equipped with multiple drone support brackets 12, which are fixedly mounted on the drone 1. A drone motor 13 is located at the end of the drone support brackets 12 away from the drone 1. The drone motor 13 is equipped with propellers 15, which provide power to the propellers 15. The rotation of the propellers 15 drives the drone 1 to fly freely. A drone control center 14 is located on the top surface of the drone 1. The drone 1, drone support brackets 12, drone motors 13, drone control center 14, and propellers 15 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The drone 1 has multiple drone cameras 11 mounted on its bottom surface. A connecting part 21 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the drone 1. Multiple sets of top connecting threaded holes 212 are formed on both the bottom and bottom surfaces of the connecting part 21. A circular limiting groove 211 is formed on the bottom surface of the connecting part 21, and multiple notches are formed on the inner wall of the limiting groove 211. A pairing mechanism 2 is provided at the lower end of the drone 1. The pairing mechanism 2 includes a pairing mechanism connecting rod 22, which is detachably installed at the lower end of the drone 1. A limiting plate 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22. A pairing protrusion 221 is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the limiting plate 23. The structure of the pairing protrusion 221 is adapted to the structure of the limiting groove 211. Multiple sets of cylindrical limiting protrusions 222 are formed on the four sides of the pairing protrusion 221. The lower end of the outer circle of the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22 is open. With thread 24, during use, the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22 drives the pairing protrusions 221 to be distributed in the limiting groove 211. When the pairing protrusions 221 are completely distributed in the limiting groove 211, the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22 is controlled to rotate, so that the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22, with multiple sets of cylindrical limiting protrusions 222, is misaligned with the notches around the limiting groove 211, thereby completing the docking of the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22 with the connecting part 21. At this time, the pairing mechanism connecting rod 22 is relatively fixed and distributed below the connecting part 21.

[0047] Example 2, based on Example 1, such as Figure 1As shown, the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is provided with a plurality of load mechanisms 3 through the matching mechanism 2, the plurality of load mechanisms 3 comprises a plurality of load boxes 31, the top surface of the plurality of load boxes 31 is fixedly installed with a bearing 25 through a load box top bearing sleeve 311, and the matching mechanism connecting rod 22 is threadedly connected with the plurality of load boxes 31 through the cooperation of the threads 24 and the bearing 25.

[0048] As shown, further, the plurality of load boxes 31 are rectangular hollow boxes, the inner top surface of the plurality of load boxes 31 is provided with a plurality of load box inner fixed flanges 312, the inside of the plurality of load boxes 31 is fixedly installed with a plurality of hollow connecting rods 32 through the load box inner fixed flanges 312, the lower end of the hollow connecting rod 32 is fixedly installed with a connecting mechanism 33, and the lower end of the connecting mechanism 33 is detachably installed with a water quality detection device 34. Figure 6

[0049] Among them, the top surface of the connecting mechanism 33 is provided with a connecting rod fixed flange 321, the top surface of the connecting mechanism 33 is provided with an electromagnet cover 3322, and the electromagnet cover 3322 has a threaded hole, the connecting mechanism 33 is threadedly fixedly connected with the connecting fixed flange 321 of the hollow connecting rod 32 through the threaded hole of the electromagnet cover 3322, specifically, the side of the water quality detection device 34 close to the connecting mechanism 33 is fixedly installed with a hemispherical convex matching part 342, before use, the water quality detection device 34 and the connecting mechanism 33 are in a mutually spliced state, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 freely flies with the plurality of load boxes 31, the plurality of connecting mechanisms 33 inside the plurality of load boxes 31 and the water quality detection device 34.

[0050] When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 flies to the water surface to be detected, the water quality detection device 34 is controlled to be separated from the connecting mechanism 33, and in this way, a plurality of water quality detection devices 34 are sequentially put into the water surface to be detected. Since the water quality detection device 34, the water quality detection device 34 is fixedly installed with a bottom cavity floating plate 344 having a buoyancy feature, the water quality detection device 34 will float on the water surface, at this time, the solar panel 343 is exposed, so that the solar panel 343 can conveniently receive sunlight, the solar panel 343 receives solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, the water quality detection device 34 is provided with a battery 341 inside, and finally stores and uses the electrical energy through the battery 341.

[0051] Further, the water quality detection device 34 is fixedly installed with a connecting rod vertically upward, and the connecting rod is provided with a hemispherical convex matching part 342, the water quality detection device 34 is fixedly connected with the connecting mechanism 33 through the hemispherical convex matching part 342, the inside of the connecting mechanism 33 is slidably installed with a lock tongue 335 distributed in left and right mirror images, the side of the two groups of lock tongues 335 close to each other is arc-shaped and smooth, and the lock tongue 335 is provided with a spring 336.

[0052] ​In the initial state, the two groups of locking tongues 335 are in close proximity to each other, and the semispherical convex matching parts 342 are distributed at the upper ends of the two groups of locking tongues 335. Through the cooperation of the locking tongues 335 and the semispherical convex matching parts 342, the water quality detection equipment 34 is in a relatively fixed state and is distributed at the lower end of the connecting mechanism 33. When it is necessary to control the water quality detection equipment 34 to separate from the connecting mechanism 33, the two groups of locking tongues 335 are controlled to move away from each other, and when the distance between the two groups of locking tongues 335 becomes larger, the semispherical convex matching parts 342 will slide off between the two groups of locking tongues 335.

[0053] When the water quality detection equipment 34 is in a relatively stable state and is distributed at the lower end of the connecting mechanism 33, the locking tongue electromagnets 337 are in a magnetic-off state, and at this time, the locking tongues 335 are in close proximity to each other under the elastic force of the springs 336. When it is necessary to control the water quality detection equipment 34 to separate from the connecting mechanism 33, the locking tongue electromagnets 337 are controlled to be electrified to obtain magnetic force, and at this time, the magnetic force of the locking tongue electromagnets 337 has an adsorbing effect on the locking tongues 335, so that the two groups of locking tongues 335 move away from each other, the distance between the two groups of locking tongues 335 becomes larger, and the two groups of locking tongues 335 cannot clamp the semispherical convex matching parts 342, so that the water quality detection equipment 34 will fall off from the connecting mechanism 33.

[0054] The bottom surface of the water quality detection equipment 34 is provided with a water quality sensor 346, and after the water quality detection equipment 34 is put into water, the water quality is detected through the water quality sensor 346. The bottom surface of the water quality detection equipment 34 is also fixedly installed with a protective screen 348, and the protective screen 348 is sleeved on the water quality sensor 346. Through the filtering and isolation effect of the protective screen 348, the service life of the water quality sensor 346 is improved.

[0055] When the water quality detection equipment is recovered, the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is controlled to approach the water surface and keep a certain distance. At this time, the top electromagnet 332 has magnetic force characteristics after being electrified, and an upward attractive force is generated on the semispherical convex matching part 342, which drives the water quality detection equipment 34 to slide upward along the inner wall of the concave guide rail groove 331. At this time, the locking tongue electromagnets 337 are not electrified and have no magnetic force characteristics. The top of the semispherical convex matching part 342 is in contact with the locking tongues 335, the locking tongues 335 are opened and relatively far away, and the distance becomes larger. When the bottom of the semispherical convex matching part 342 is completely in the same plane as the top of the locking tongues 335, the locking tongues 335 rebound due to the elastic force of the springs 336, the distance between the two groups of locking tongues 335 becomes smaller and moves closer to each other, clamps the semispherical convex matching part 342, and completes the recovery action. The locking tongue electromagnets 337 will only be electrified when it is necessary to control the water quality detection equipment 34 to fall off.

[0056] In example three, on the basis of example one, the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is provided with an inspection mechanism 4 through the matching mechanism 2, the inspection mechanism 4 comprises an inspection mechanism support 41, a bearing 25 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inspection mechanism support 41, and the matching mechanism connecting rod 22 is threadedly connected with the inspection mechanism support 41 through the cooperation of the thread 24 and the bearing 25.

[0057] Further, the inside of the inspection mechanism support 41 is provided with a roller 43, the inside of the inspection mechanism support 41 is fixedly installed with a roller support 45, the roller 43 is rotatably installed in the roller support 45, the roller 43 is wound with a rope 44, the free end of the rope 44 is provided with a counterweight 441, the counterweight 441 is provided with a sensor 442, the outer surface of the sensor 442 is fixedly sleeved with a sensor protection screen 443, and the sensor 442 is protected through the sensor protection screen 443.

[0058] The inside of the inspection mechanism support 41 is further provided with a motor 46, the output end of the motor 46 is fixedly connected with the installation shaft of the roller 43 through a shaft coupling 461, the control unit 47 controls the motor 46 to reversely rotate, so as to control the roller 43 to reversely rotate, thereby facilitating the roller 43 to wind or release the rope 44. Meanwhile, the inside of the inspection mechanism support 41 is provided with a power supply battery 462 for providing power supply for the motor 46.

[0059] The multi-load mechanism 3 and the inspection mechanism 4 can be arbitrarily switched and distributed at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. When it is needed to control the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 to perform inspection, the inspection mechanism 4 is controlled to be arranged at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 flies to the detection water surface, the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 flies close to the water surface, at this time, the rope 44 is controlled to be released, so that the rope 44 contacts the water with the sensor 442. When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is controlled to keep a relative fixed distance from the water surface, the rope 44 is controlled to be wound or released, so as to facilitate the rope 44 to intermittently contact the water with the sensor 442, facilitate the sensor 442 to contact the water in different water areas, and avoid frequently controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 to ascend and descend.

[0060] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the application is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above technical means, and also includes the technical scheme composed of the equivalent replacement of the above technical features. The unfinished matters of the application belong to the common knowledge of the person skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A water quality detection and inspection equipment based on a UAV platform, comprising a UAV (1), characterized in that: The unmanned plane (1) is provided with a multi-load mechanism (3), a matching mechanism (2) and an inspection mechanism (4), the bottom surface of the unmanned plane (1) is fixedly provided with a connecting part (21), the bottom surface of the connecting part (21) is provided with a circular limiting groove (211), a plurality of openings are formed in the inner wall surface of the limiting groove (211), the lower end of the unmanned plane (1) is provided with the matching mechanism (2), the matching mechanism (2) comprises a matching mechanism connecting rod (22), the matching mechanism connecting rod (22) is detachably installed at the connecting part (21), one end of the matching mechanism connecting rod (22) is fixedly provided with a limiting disc (23), the top surface of the limiting disc (23) is fixedly provided with a matching convex head (221) at the center, the structure of the matching convex head (221) is matched with the structure of the limiting groove (211), a plurality of cylindrical limiting convex heads (222) are arranged on the circumferential side wall surface of the matching convex head (221), and a thread (24) is formed in the outer circle of the lower end of the matching mechanism connecting rod (22); The unmanned plane (1) is provided with a multi-load mechanism (3) through the matching mechanism (2), the unmanned plane (1) is provided with an inspection mechanism (4) through the matching mechanism (2), and the multi-load mechanism (3) and the inspection mechanism (4) on the unmanned plane (1) can be arbitrarily switched; The multi-load mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of multi-load boxes (31), the top surface of the multi-load box (31) is fixedly provided with a bearing (25), the matching mechanism connecting rod (22) is threadedly connected with the multi-load box (31) through cooperation of the thread (24) and the bearing (25), and the inspection mechanism (4) comprises an inspection mechanism support (41), the top surface of the inspection mechanism support (41) is fixedly provided with a bearing (25), and the matching mechanism connecting rod (22) is threadedly connected with the inspection mechanism support (41) through cooperation of the thread (24) and the bearing (25); The multi-load box (31) is a rectangular hollow box body, a plurality of load box internal fixed law discs (312) are arranged on the inner top surface of the multi-load box (31), a plurality of hollow connecting rods (32) are fixedly installed in the multi-load box (31) through the load box internal fixed law discs (312), the bottom surface and the top surface of the hollow connecting rod (32) are provided with a connecting fixed law disc (321), a connecting mechanism (33) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the hollow connecting rod (32), and a water quality detection device (34) is detachably installed at the lower end of the connecting mechanism (33); The water quality detection device (34) is vertically and upwardly fixedly installed with a connecting rod, a hemispherical convex matching part (342) is arranged on the connecting rod, the water quality detection device (34) is connected and fixed with the connecting mechanism (33) through the hemispherical convex matching part (342), a lock tongue (335) in left-right mirror image distribution is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the connecting mechanism (33), one side of the two lock tongues (335) close to each other is arc-shaped and smooth, and a spring (336) is arranged on the lock tongue (335); The top surface of the connecting mechanism (33) is provided with an electromagnetic cover (3322), and the electromagnetic cover (3322) has a threaded hole. The connecting mechanism (33) is fixedly connected with the connecting fixed disc (321) of the hollow connecting rod (32) through the threaded hole of the electromagnetic cover (3322). The connecting mechanism (33) and the water quality detection device (34) are detachably connected and installed by clamping. The water quality detection device (34) is fixedly installed with a hemispherical convex counterpart (342) on the side close to the connecting mechanism (33). The inside of the connecting mechanism (33) is fixedly installed with a plurality of lock tongue electromagnets (337) at the positions corresponding to the lock tongues (335). The lock tongue electromagnets (337) have magnetic force characteristics when powered on, and lose the magnetic force characteristics when powered off. The top of the connecting mechanism (33) is provided with a top electromagnetic iron (332). The top electromagnetic iron (332) also has magnetic force characteristics when powered on, and loses the magnetic force characteristics when powered off. 2.The water quality detection and inspection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the water quality detection device (34) is provided with a water quality sensor (346), and the bottom surface of the water quality detection device (34) is also fixedly installed with a protection filter screen (348). The protection filter screen (348) is sleeved on the water quality sensor (346). 3.The UAV platform based water quality detection and inspection device of claim 1, wherein: The inside of the inspection mechanism support (41) is provided with a roller (43), and the inside of the inspection mechanism support (41) is fixedly installed with a roller support (45). The roller (43) is rotatably installed in the roller support (45). The roller (43) is wound with a rope (44). The free end of the rope (44) is provided with a counterweight (441). The counterweight (441) is provided with a sensor (442). The outer surface of the sensor (442) is fixedly sleeved with a sensor protection filter screen (443).

4. The water quality detection and inspection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the inspection mechanism support (41) is also provided with a motor (46). The output end of the motor (46) is fixedly connected with the installation shaft of the roller (43) through a shaft coupling (461). The inspection mechanism support (41) is provided with a power supply battery (462) for providing power supply for the motor (46).

5. The UAV platform based water quality detection and inspection device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1) is provided with a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicle cameras (11).

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