Full-automatic circuit board defect detecting and screening system

Abstract

The invention provides a full-automatic circuit board defect detecting and screening system, and belongs to the technical field of circuit board defect detection.The circuit board defect detecting system comprises a conveying belt and a sampling machine, the conveying belt is fixedly installed on a support, and the sampling machine is fixedly installed in the space in the middle of the conveying belt; the device is characterized in that the conveyor belts comprise a conveyor belt I and a conveyor belt II; detection mechanisms used for detecting the state of the PCB are placed on the side edges of the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt; a recycling box is fixedly installed at the end of the first conveying belt. An overturning mechanism is fixedly mounted at the end, away from the recycling box, of the first conveying belt; a waste box is fixedly installed on the side, close to the recycling box, of the second conveying belt. A screening mechanism is fixedly installed on the other side of the second conveying belt and corresponds to the waste box in position. A container is fixedly mounted on one side of the sampler; the circuit board defect detection system can carry out automatic and comprehensive PCB defect detection, detection results are in one-to-one correspondence, and the accuracy of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of circuit board defect detection, and in particular, relates to a fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system. Background Art

[0002] PCB (Printed Circuit Board), also known as printed circuit board in Chinese, is an important electronic component, a support for electronic components, and a carrier for the electrical connection of electronic components. As the requirements for intelligence are getting higher and higher in modern times, the corresponding quality requirements for various components are also increasing. Therefore, each step of PCB production requires fine control and accurate operation to ensure the quality and performance of PCB.

[0003] Defect detection of PCB boards to determine their quality is an important process in the production of PCB boards. At present, conventional defect detection is mainly carried out by manual labor alone or by manual labor and visual image analysis. In the process of visual image acquisition, various methods are used. In the production and development stage, the current defect detection equipment has the following problems: Problem 1: For manual testing, the time and manpower costs are high. At the same time, due to the subjectivity of manual testing and environmental conditions, the accuracy of the test results varies.

[0004] Question 2: In the early stages of production and development, the upper and lower dual cameras require that shooting equipment be installed simultaneously, and the required lighting conditions must be provided for the shooting equipment, which places high demands on the shooting environment and cost.

[0005] Question 3: When taking photos with the upper and lower dual cameras at the same time, the lower surface of the circuit board needs to be exposed. At this time, the circuit board is only supported by the edge of the circuit board during the transfer process. The support area is small. In order to prevent it from falling, additional protective devices are usually required, which places high requirements on the equipment and the space where the equipment is located. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system, which can solve the problems of long detection time and low result accuracy in the current manual detection; can solve the problem that the dual camera has high requirements for the shooting environment; and can complete PCB defect detection under limited equipment and space conditions.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that: The present invention provides a full-automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system, comprising a conveyor belt and a sampler, wherein the conveyor belt is fixedly installed on a bracket, and the sampler is fixedly installed in a space in the middle of the conveyor belt; the characteristic is that the conveyor belt is divided into a conveyor belt 1 and a conveyor belt 2; detection mechanisms for detecting the status of PCB boards are placed on the sides of the conveyor belt 1 and the conveyor belt 2; a recycling box is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt 1; a turning mechanism is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt 1 away from the recycling box; a waste box is fixedly installed on one side of the end of the conveyor belt 2 close to the recycling box; a screening mechanism is fixedly installed on the other side of the conveyor belt 2, and the position of the screening mechanism corresponds to the waste box; a cargo box is fixedly installed on one side of the sampler; the sampler, the turning mechanism and the screening mechanism are all controlled by a controller.

[0008] The technical effects of a fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system provided by the present invention are as follows: by setting a conveyor belt 1 and a detection mechanism on one side of the conveyor belt, one side of the PCB board can be detected; by setting a conveyor belt 2 and a detection mechanism on the side of the conveyor belt 2, the other side of the PCB board can be detected; by setting a sampler, the PCB boards stacked in disorder in the cargo box can be taken out and placed on the conveyor belt with their long sides parallel to the conveyor belt direction; by setting a recycling box, the PCB boards without problems can be sorted and stored in an orderly manner; by setting a flipping mechanism, the PCB boards can be flipped; by setting a detection mechanism, the PCB boards can be detected and the detection data can be uploaded; by setting a screening mechanism, the defective PCB boards can be removed from the intact ones; the equipment requires a small space, has low requirements for shooting conditions, has strong environmental applicability, and can be applied to various complex environmental conditions; at the same time, the equipment itself can use multiple types of PCBs and can independently select the appropriate flipping time according to the specific conditions of the PCB.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, the fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system of the present invention can also be improved as follows: Furthermore, the flipping mechanism includes a baffle, in which a lifting plate is slidably installed; the lifting plate is provided with wing plates close to both sides of the baffle; lifting electric push rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the baffle; the output end of the lifting electric push rod is fixedly connected to the wing plate; a telescopic electric push rod is fixedly installed below the lifting plate; a push rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic electric push rod; the push rod is located on the upper surface of the lifting plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: by setting a baffle, the PCB board is prevented from falling from the side during the flipping process; by setting a lifting electric push rod, the position of the lifting plate is lifted and lowered, which facilitates the subsequent push rod to push the PCB board to flip it; by setting a telescopic electric push rod, the push rod is provided with power to push the PCB board; by setting a distance sensor, the distance between the PCB board and the push rod is measured, thereby determining the start time of the lifting electric push rod and the telescopic electric push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the sampler includes a base; the lower bottom surface of the base is flush with the lower bottom surface of the cargo box; the robotic arm is rotatably mounted on the base; a rotating motor is fixedly mounted on one end of the robotic arm away from the base; an end head is fixedly mounted on the output end of the rotating motor; a cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the end head; a camera is fixedly mounted on the position of the robotic arm close to the rotating motor, and the camera is control-connected to the rotating motor through a controller.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by setting up a rotating motor and a camera connected to its control, it is possible to determine the long side and short side of the PCB board through camera analysis after obtaining the PCB board, and ensure that the long side of the PCB board is parallel to the transmission direction of the conveyor belt by rotating the motor, thereby ensuring that the subsequent flipping can be completed.

[0013] Furthermore, the end head includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve; the outer sleeve is mounted on the outside of the inner sleeve; the fixed end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the inner sleeve; and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the outer sleeve.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by providing an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and an internal cylinder, the end head is lengthened, so that the PCB board at the bottom of the cargo box can be taken to avoid surplus.

[0015] Furthermore, the detection mechanism includes a fixed bracket; a vertical adjuster is fixedly installed on the fixed bracket; a camera and a matching light source are slidably installed on the vertical adjuster close to the conveyor belt; the camera and the matching light source can upload data to the network.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: by setting a fixed bracket, the position of the detection mechanism can be autonomously adjusted according to the spatial environment, thereby improving the scene applicability of the equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the screening mechanism includes a cylinder and a push plate; the cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bracket; a push plate is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder; and the lower surface of the push plate is flush with the upper surface of the second conveyor belt.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of casters are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket.

[0019] Furthermore, the rotating motor, the distance sensor, the signal generator, the signal receiver, the lifting electric push rod, the telescopic electric push rod, the camera and the matching light source and the cylinder are connected and controlled by the controller.

[0020] Furthermore, a signal generator and a matching signal receiver are fixedly installed on both sides above the conveyor belt 1; an induction sensor 1 and an induction sensor 2 are fixedly installed at the ends of the conveyor belt 1 and the conveyor belt 2 on both sides of the flipping mechanism; a contact sensor is fixedly installed in the middle position of the baffle; the signal generator, the signal receiver and the contact sensor are controlled and connected with the lifting electric push rod and the telescopic electric push rod through a controller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 3 It is a top view of the overall structure; Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the sampling machine structure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the flip mechanism Figure 7 This is the system circuit control diagram.

[0023] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 10. Conveyor belt; 11. Conveyor belt 1; 12. Conveyor belt 2; 20. Sampler; 21. Base; 22. Mechanical arm; 23. Rotating motor; 24. End; 241. Inner sleeve; 242. External sleeve; 30. Cargo box; 40. Recycling bin; 41. Waste bin; 50. Flipping mechanism; 51. Baffle; 52. Lifting plate; 53. Lifting electric push rod; 54. Telescopic electric push rod; 55. Push rod; 60. Detection mechanism; 61. Fixed bracket; 62. Camera and matching light source; 63. Vertical adjuster; 70. Screening mechanism; 71. Cylinder; 72. Push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system, including a conveyor belt 10 and a sampler 20, the conveyor belt 10 is fixedly mounted on a bracket (not shown) and the conveyor belt 10 is annular as a whole, the lower bottom surface of the sampler 20 is flush with the bottom of the bracket and is fixedly mounted in the annular space in the middle of the conveyor belt 10; wherein the conveyor belt 10 is divided into a conveyor belt 11 and a conveyor belt 2 12, the conveyor belt 11 and the conveyor belt 2 12 are symmetrically arranged; the outer sides of the conveyor belt 11 and the conveyor belt 2 12 are both provided with a detection mechanism 60 for taking pictures to detect PCB board defects and uploading them to a terminal; a conveyor belt 11 and a conveyor belt 2 12 are close to each other. A recycling box 40 for recycling the tested PCB boards is fixedly installed at the end; a turning mechanism 50 for automatically turning over the PCB boards is fixedly installed at the other end of the conveyor belt 11 and the conveyor belt 2 12; a waste box 41 for containing defective PCB boards is fixedly installed on the outer side of the end of the conveyor belt 2 12 close to the recycling box 40; a screening mechanism 70 for pushing the defective PCB boards into the waste box 41 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the end of the conveyor belt 2 12 close to the recycling box 40; a cargo box 30 for containing the PCB boards to be tested is also fixedly installed in the internal annular space of the conveyor belt 10, and the cargo box 30 is located on one side of the sampler 20.

[0026] Optional, such as Figure 6 As shown, in the above technical scheme, the flipping mechanism 50 includes a baffle 51, which is U-shaped as a whole and has slide grooves on both sides of the baffle; lifting plates 52 are slidably installed in the slide grooves on both sides of the baffle 51; the lifting plates 52 are close to both sides of the baffle 51 and are provided with vertical plates adapted to the slide grooves, and wing plates are fixedly installed on the top of the vertical plates; the lower part of the wing plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting electric push rod 53; the lifting electric push rod 53 is fixedly installed on the side of the baffle 51; a telescopic electric push rod 54 is fixedly installed below the lifting plate 52; a push rod 55 is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic electric push rod 54; the push rod 55 is located above the lifting plate 52 and close to the upper surface, and the push rod 55 moves and pushes the side of the PCB board under the drive of the telescopic electric push rod 54 to realize the flipping of the PCB board.

[0027] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the above technical scheme, the sampler 20 includes a base 21 and a mechanical arm 22; the lower bottom surface of the base 21 is flush with the lower bottom surface of the cargo box 30; the mechanical arm 22 is rotatably mounted on the base 21 by a motor; a rotating motor 23 is fixedly mounted on one end of the mechanical arm 22 away from the base 21; an end of the rotating motor 23 is fixedly mounted with an end 24 for taking out the PCB board to be tested in the cargo box 30; a cylinder for changing the overall length of the end 24 is fixedly mounted inside the end 24; a camera for measuring and analyzing the short and long sides of the PCB board is fixedly mounted on the position of the mechanical arm 22 near the rotating motor 23, the camera is connected to the rotating motor 23 through a controller, and the camera is used to identify the long side of the PCB board, and then the rotating motor 23 is adjusted to always make the long side of the PCB board parallel to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 11.

[0028] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the end head 24 includes an inner sleeve 241 and an outer sleeve 242; the outer sleeve 242 is installed on the outside of the inner sleeve 241; slots are provided on two corresponding sides of the outer sleeve 242; a protrusion matching the slot is provided on the outer shell of the inner sleeve 241; the fixed end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve 241; the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 242.

[0029] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the detection mechanism 60 includes a fixed bracket 61; a vertical adjuster 63 is fixedly installed on the fixed bracket 61; a camera and a matching light source 62 are slidably installed on the vertical adjuster 63 close to the side of the conveyor belt 10; the camera and the matching light source 62 can upload data to the network; the fixed bracket 61 realizes coarse adjustment of the height of the camera and the matching light source 62 through a lifting rod and uses the vertical adjuster 63 to realize fine adjustment of the height.

[0030] Optionally, in the above technical solution, the screening mechanism 70 includes a cylinder 71 and a push plate 72; the cylinder 71 is fixedly mounted on the bracket; the push plate 72 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder 71; the lower surface of the push plate 72 is flush with the upper surface of the conveyor belt 12 and the lower surface of the push plate 72 is close to the upper surface of the conveyor belt 12.

[0031] Optionally, in the above technical solution, a plurality of casters are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket 61 .

[0032] Optional, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the above technical solution, a quick-release slot for quickly replacing the sampling head is fixedly installed at one end of the external sleeve 242 away from the rotating motor 23 .

[0033] Optionally, in the above technical solution, a signal generator and a matching signal receiver are fixedly installed above the conveyor belt 11, and the signal generator and the signal receiver are respectively located on both sides of the conveyor belt 11 and between the detection mechanism 60 and the flipping mechanism 50; an induction sensor 1 and an induction sensor 2 are respectively fixedly installed at the ends of the conveyor belt 11 and the conveyor belt 2 12 on both sides of the flipping mechanism 50; a contact sensor is fixedly installed in the middle position of the baffle 51; the signal generator, the signal receiver and the contact sensor are controlled and connected with the lifting electric push rod 53 and the telescopic electric push rod 54 through the controller.

[0034] Specifically, the workflow of the system is as follows: the processed PCB boards are collected in the cargo box 30, and sent to the middle space surrounded by the conveyor belt 10 through the conveyor belt or AGV, and moved to a position close to the sampler 20. The mechanical arm 22 rotates under the action of the pan / tilt motor and automatically adjusts each joint to make the end head 24 extend into the cargo box 30, and sequentially grabs the PCB boards to be tested in the cargo box 30 and places them on the conveyor belt 11. Before placement, the PCB board is scanned by the camera installed on the mechanical arm 22 and the long side of the PCB board is analyzed. When placing, the rotating motor 23 rotates and adjusts the end head 24 according to the results of the camera scanning and analysis, and at the same time adjusts the position of the PCB board grabbed by the end head 24 to ensure that the long side of the PCB board is parallel to the moving direction of the conveyor belt 11. At this time, the PCB board sent to the conveyor belt 11 is sent to the side of the conveyor belt 11 below the camera and the matching light source 62, and the camera and the matching light source 62 take pictures of the front of the PCB board and upload the shooting data.

[0035] The PCB passes through the signal generator and the signal receiver. The signal sent by the signal generator is blocked by the PCB, and the signal receiver cannot receive the signal. According to the time when the signal is disconnected fed back by the signal receiver and the speed V of the conveyor belt 11, the length L of the PCB is obtained, and the length L data is fed back to the controller. Then the PCB enters the turning mechanism 50.

[0036] At this time, the upper surface of the lifting plate 52 is flush with the lower surface of the conveyor belt 11. When the PCB board contacts the contact sensor on the upper surface of the lifting plate 52, the contact sensor controls the lifting electric push rod 53 to descend through the controller, and at the same time drives the PCB board to descend, and records the descending time t of the lifting electric push rod 53. The inductive sensor 1 at the conveyor belt 11 close to the flip mechanism 50 senses the time when the PCB board exists, and according to the length L data of the PCB board previously fed back and calculated by the signal receiver, according to the speed V of the conveyor belt 11, the time t when the PCB board exists, and the length L of the PCB board, the relationship between the angle α between the PVB and the lifting plate 52 and time can be obtained:

[0037] Where a is the distance from the end of the conveyor belt 11 to the middle of the lifting plate 52, and x is the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the conveyor belt 10. The angle α can be used to determine how much of the PCB board is still above the conveyor belt 11, so as to prevent the entire PCB board from entering the flip mechanism 50 during the flipping process and falling off the conveyor belt 10.

[0038] The lifting electric push rod 53 stops descending and synchronously starts the telescopic electric push rod 54 to drive the push rod 55 to push the side of the PCB board and the lifting plate 52, causing it to flip. After that, the lifting electric push rod 53 drives the lifting plate 52 to rise, and the PCB board is sent to the conveyor belt 12 under the power and friction of the conveyor belt 12, and sent to the bottom of the camera and the supporting light source 62 located on the side of the conveyor belt 12, and then the camera is taken again and the shooting data of the back is uploaded. Finally, the PCB board is sent to the screening mechanism 70 on the conveyor belt 12, and the screening mechanism 70 sends the defective PCB board into the waste box 41 according to the uploaded data.

[0039] According to the above scheme, the entire defect detection process of the PCB board is automatically completed, while ensuring that the front side shooting data and the back side shooting data of each PCB board can correspond one to one, and the screening work is completed autonomously.

[0040] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system, comprising a conveyor belt (10) and a sampler (20), wherein the conveyor belt (10) is fixedly mounted on a bracket, and the sampler (20) is fixedly mounted in a space in the middle of the conveyor belt (10); characterized in that: The conveyor belt (10) is divided into a conveyor belt 1 (11) and a conveyor belt 2 (12); detection mechanisms (60) for detecting the status of PCB boards are placed on the sides of the conveyor belt 1 (11) and the conveyor belt 2 (12); a recycling box (40) is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt 1 (11); a turning mechanism (50) is fixedly installed at the end of the conveyor belt 1 (11) away from the recycling box (40); a waste box (41) is fixedly installed on one side of the end of the conveyor belt 2 (12) close to the recycling box (40); a screening mechanism (70) is fixedly installed on the other side of the conveyor belt 2 (12), and the position of the screening mechanism (70) corresponds to the waste box (41); a cargo box (30) is fixedly installed on one side of the sampler (20); the sampler (20), the turning mechanism (50) and the screening mechanism (70) are all controlled by a controller.

2. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flip mechanism (50) comprises a baffle (51), a lifting plate (52) is slidably mounted inside the baffle (51); the lifting plate (52) is provided with wing plates close to both sides of the baffle (51); lifting electric push rods (53) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the baffle (51); the output end of the lifting electric push rod (53) is fixedly connected to the wing plates; a telescopic electric push rod (54) is fixedly mounted below the lifting plate (52); a push rod (55) is fixedly mounted at the output end of the telescopic electric push rod (54); the push rod (55) is located on the upper surface of the lifting plate (52).

3. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sampler (20) comprises a base (21); the lower bottom surface of the base (21) is flush with the lower bottom surface of the cargo box (30); the mechanical arm (22) is rotatably mounted on the base (21); a rotating motor (23) is fixedly mounted on one end of the mechanical arm (22) away from the base (21); an end (24) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the rotating motor (23); a cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the end (24); a camera is fixedly mounted on the position of the mechanical arm (22) close to the rotating motor (23), and the camera is control-connected to the rotating motor (23) through a controller.

4. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The end head (24) comprises an inner sleeve (241) and an outer sleeve (242); the outer sleeve (242) is sleeved and installed outside the inner sleeve (241); the fixed end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the inner sleeve (241); and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the outer sleeve (242).

5. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (60) comprises a fixed bracket (61); a vertical adjuster (63) is fixedly mounted on the fixed bracket (61); a camera and a matching light source (62) are slidably mounted on a side of the vertical adjuster (63) close to the conveyor belt (10); the camera and the matching light source (62) are capable of uploading data to a network.

6. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening mechanism (70) comprises a cylinder (71) and a push plate (72); the cylinder (71) is fixedly mounted on the bracket; the output end of the cylinder (71) is fixedly mounted with a push plate (72); the lower surface of the push plate (72) is flush with the upper surface of the conveyor belt 2 (12).

7. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of casters are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed bracket (61).

8. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A quick-release slot for quickly replacing a sampling head is fixedly mounted on one end of the external sleeve (242) away from the rotating motor (23).

9. The fully automatic circuit board defect detection and screening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A signal generator and a matching signal receiver are fixedly installed on both sides above the conveyor belt 1 (11); an inductive sensor 1 and an inductive sensor 2 are fixedly installed at the ends of the conveyor belt 1 (11) and the conveyor belt 2 (12) on both sides of the flip mechanism (50); a contact sensor is fixedly installed in the middle position of the baffle (51); the signal generator, the signal receiver and the contact sensor are connected to the lifting electric push rod (53) and the telescopic electric push rod (54) through a controller.

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