Locomotive wheelset withdrawing device

Abstract

The invention provides a locomotive wheelset withdrawing device. The locomotive wheelset withdrawing device comprises a base, two wheel shaft supporting pieces and a movable box, wherein the two wheel shaft supporting pieces are arranged on the base in a sliding position adjusting mode and used for supporting wheel shafts of locomotive wheelsets, and the movable box is arranged on the base in a sliding mode and used for containing a to-be-disassembled wheel of the locomotive wheelsets. The main oil cylinder is arranged on the movable box and used for centering a wheel axle and pushing the movable box to move so as to unload the wheels, the pressing oil cylinder is arranged in the movable box and used for tightly attaching the wheels to be unloaded to the movable box, the pressing plate is in transmission connection with the pressing oil cylinder, and the box pushing oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base and used for pushing the movable box to move so as to unload the wheels. And the wheel axle centering and limiting assembly is fixedly arranged on the other side of the base and is used for being matched with the main oil cylinder to accurately center the wheel axle and limiting the wheel axle in the wheel withdrawing process. The whole structure is relatively simple, the cost is low, the wheel withdrawing speed is high, the efficiency is high, the axle is not prone to strain and upsetting, the detached wheel cannot fall off to be damaged, the device cannot be damaged, and the axle sleeve does not need to be frequently replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway locomotive component assembly auxiliary tools, and in particular to a locomotive wheel set unloading device. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the wheel unloading devices for locomotive wheels adopt wheel fixed unloading, that is, the wheel is relatively stationary, and the oil cylinder is used to push the wheel axle at one end to push the wheel axle out of the wheel, such as the locomotive wheel and gear universal disassembly device disclosed in the patent document with the authorization announcement number CN2936545Y. In this structural state, the wheel axle is prone to upset. If the operation is further improper, the wheel axle is easily damaged, causing the whole wheel axle with high value to be scrapped; because during unloading, only one end of the wheel axle is unloaded by force, and the other end of the wheel axle is still in a free state, relying only on the gravity of the wheelset to lean on the supporting structure. In this way, it is easy for the wheelset to deviate left and right or up and down due to uneven force during unloading, so that the assembly surface of the wheel axle is damaged during unloading and the whole axle is scrapped. Because the value of the wheel axle is high, even if it is damaged by one thousandth, the loss caused is difficult for users to accept. There is another type of wheel set unloading device, which uses double cylinders to support the axle. Although there is no wheel set deviation as mentioned above, it is still a fixed wheel unloading, that is, the wheel is fixed and relatively still, pushing the axle to move and withdraw the axle from the wheelset; the disadvantage of this type of unloading device is that the force of the cylinder is on the axle, and the axle is prone to upsetting; in addition, this type of unloading device is often designed as a symmetrical structure, requiring double cylinders and double hydraulic systems, with a complex structure and huge equipment investment, which is generally unbearable for end users. Another disadvantage of the wheel axle moving unloading is that after the wheel is withdrawn from the axle shoulder, a transition nylon sleeve needs to be installed to prevent the wheel from damaging the axle when it falls after withdrawing from the shoulder. Different types of axles need to be equipped with a variety of nylon sleeves. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a locomotive wheelset unloading device with a completely new structure in order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: the locomotive wheel unloading device of the present invention includes a base, two axle supports which are slidably arranged on the base and are used to support the axles of the locomotive wheels when in use, and its structural characteristics are: it also includes a movable box which is slidably arranged on the base and is used to accommodate a wheel to be disassembled of the locomotive wheels when in use; a main oil cylinder which is arranged on the movable box and is used to center the axle and push the movable box to move to unload the wheel, a clamping oil cylinder which is arranged in the movable box and is used to press the wheel to be disassembled against the movable box and a clamping plate which is transmission-connected to the clamping oil cylinder, a box-pushing oil cylinder which is fixed on the base and is used to push the movable box to move to unload the wheel, and a wheel axle centering and limiting assembly which is fixed on the other side of the base relative to the movable box and is used to cooperate with the main oil cylinder to accurately align the wheel axle and limit the wheel axle during the wheel unloading process.

[0005] A further solution is: the base includes a rectangular frame, a boss fixed at the upper right end of the frame, a movable box guide rail fixed at the upper left end of the frame, and two support member guide rails fixed at both sides of the middle upper end of the frame; the movable box is slidably connected to the movable box guide rails, and the two wheel axle supports are respectively slidably connected to the two support member guide rails.

[0006] A further solution is: two long slots for reducing weight are provided on the above-mentioned frame, a middle beam is provided between the two long slots, and a limit block is fixedly provided on the upper side of the middle beam close to the boss; the above-mentioned box pushing cylinder is fixedly provided on the middle beam of the frame, and the right end of the cylinder body of the box pushing cylinder is abutted against the limit block on the middle beam; the outer end of the piston rod of the box pushing cylinder is transmission connected to the movable box.

[0007] A further solution is: the above-mentioned movable box is a box structure with a square shape as a whole, and the lower end of the movable box is provided with two docking grooves that cooperate with the movable box guide rails of the base so that it can be slidably arranged on the movable box guide rails; a main oil cylinder mounting hole is provided in the middle of the left side of the movable box, and a clamping oil cylinder mounting grid is provided at the front and rear of the left part of the movable box, and a gap communicating with the main oil cylinder mounting hole is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids, and a wheel accommodating groove is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids and the right side of the movable box, and a wheel axle accommodating groove hole recessed from top to bottom is provided in the middle of the right side of the movable box, and a push box cylinder connecting head for transmission connection with the piston rod of the push box cylinder is fixedly provided in the middle of the lower end of the right side of the movable box.

[0008] A further solution is that at least one hollow hole is provided on each of the front and rear sides of the movable box for reducing weight.

[0009] A further solution is: the specific cylinder body and piston rod of the above-mentioned master cylinder and the equipped push-up butt joint, the cylinder body of the master cylinder cooperates with the master cylinder mounting hole of the movable box and is fixed on the movable box, and the piston rod of the master cylinder extends into the movable box; the push-up butt joint includes a cylindrical main body and a conical ejector pin, the push-up butt joint is fixedly connected to the outer end of the piston rod of the master cylinder by its main body, and the ejector pin of the push-up butt joint is used to abut with the center countersunk hole provided on the left side of the wheel axle or with the center point when no center countersunk hole is provided to achieve accurate alignment and limit the wheel axle during wheel retreat.

[0010] A further solution is: the above-mentioned clamping cylinders are respectively arranged in two upper and lower clamping cylinder installation grids of the movable box, and a clamping plate is respectively arranged in the upper and lower left sides of the wheel accommodating groove of the movable box. The two clamping cylinders located on the upper and lower sides are respectively connected with the clamping plates located on the upper and lower sides in corresponding transmission connection, so that when in use, the two clamping plates are driven by four clamping cylinders to press the wheel to be disassembled onto the right inner wall of the movable box.

[0011] A further solution is: the above-mentioned wheel axle support member includes a sliding seat, a bracket arranged above the sliding seat, a connecting screw for connecting the sliding seat and the bracket, and an adjusting nut arranged on the connecting screw and located between the sliding seat and the bracket; the above-mentioned sliding seat is a structural member that is an inverted U-shaped as a whole, and a slide groove is respectively provided at the lower end of the front and rear sides of the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably arranged on the base by cooperating with the two slide grooves and the two support member guide rails on the base. The bracket is a V-shaped or U-shaped bracket, and the bracket is arranged above the sliding seat so that the parking height can be adjusted up and down by rotating the adjusting nut and the connecting screw.

[0012] A further solution is: the above-mentioned wheel axle centering and limiting assembly includes a mounting platform fixedly arranged on a boss of the base, a screw sleeve fixedly arranged on the mounting platform, a screw rotatably arranged in the screw sleeve, a handwheel transmission-connected to the right end of the screw, a transition block fixedly connected to the left end of the screw, and a centering and limiting ejector pin fixedly arranged at the middle of the left end surface of the transition block; when in use, the handwheel is rotated so that the centering and limiting ejector pin is abutted against the center countersunk hole provided on the right side of the wheel axle or the center point when no center countersunk hole is provided to achieve accurate centering and limit the wheel axle.

[0013] The present invention has positive effects: the locomotive wheel set unloading device of the present invention has a relatively simple structure and a low manufacturing cost through a new design of the overall structure; when in use, a box body is used for single-sided movable wheel unloading, and the wheel unloading speed is fast and the efficiency is high; the design of the wheel clamping mechanism prevents the removed wheel from falling and being damaged, and the device itself from being damaged, and there is no need to frequently replace the axle sleeve; and the wheel axle has good automatic centering performance during the wheel unloading process, and the wheel axle is basically stationary, and the wheel to be disassembled is driven by the movable box to be unloaded from the wheel axle, so that the wheel axle is not easy to be scrapped due to strain, upsetting, etc. during the wheel unloading process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after being placed into a locomotive wheel set when in use; Figure 3 For the present invention and Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at different observation angles; Figure 4 To remove Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure when the movable box is in the middle and the observation angle is slightly different; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle base; Figure 6 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the middle activity box; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle wheel axle support; Figure 8 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle push-up butt joint.

[0015] The reference numerals in the above drawings are as follows: Base 1, frame 11, long slot 11-1, middle beam 11-2, limit block 11-3, boss 12, movable box guide rail 13, support member guide rail 14; Movable box 2, docking slide 21, main oil cylinder mounting hole 22, pressing oil cylinder mounting grid 23, wheel receiving groove 24, axle receiving groove hole 25, push box oil cylinder connector 26, hollow hole 27; Axle support 3, sliding seat 31, slide slot 31-1, bracket 32, connecting screw 33, adjusting nut 34; Main oil cylinder 4, piston rod 41, push-up abutment joint 42, main body 42-1, ejector pin 42-2; Pressing cylinder 5; pressing plate 6; pushing box cylinder 7; Axle centering and limiting assembly 8, mounting platform 81, screw sleeve 82, hand wheel 83, transition block 84, centering and limiting ejector pin 85; A locomotive wheel set 100, an axle 100-1, a first wheel 100-2, and a second wheel 100-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] (Example 1) See Figures 1 to 8The locomotive wheel unloading device of this embodiment is mainly composed of a base 1, a movable box 2, a wheel axle support 3, a main cylinder 4, a clamping cylinder 5, a clamping plate 6, a push box cylinder 7 and a wheel axle centering limit assembly 8.

[0018] The base 1 is used as the installation base of the device. As a specific implementation method, see Figure 5 The base 1 of this embodiment includes a rectangular parallelepiped frame 11, a boss 12 fixedly arranged at the upper right end of the frame 11, a movable box guide rail 13 fixedly arranged at the upper left end of the frame 11, and two support member guide rails 14 fixedly arranged at both sides of the middle upper end of the frame 11. As a preferred embodiment, the frame 11 is provided with two long slots 11-1 for reducing the weight of the frame 11, a middle beam 11-2 is arranged between the two long slots 11-1, and a limit block 11-3 is integrally or fixedly arranged above one side of the middle beam 11-2 close to the boss 12.

[0019] The movable box 2 is a component installation base and a component for accommodating the first wheel 100-2 to be disassembled from the locomotive wheel set 100. It is movably arranged on the upper left part of the base 1 in cooperation with the movable box guide rail 13 on the frame 11 of the base 1. As a specific embodiment, see Figure 6 The movable box 2 is a box structure member with a square shape as a whole. The lower end of the movable box 2 is provided with two docking slides 21 that match the movable box guide rail 13 of the base 1. When installed, the two docking slides 21 can be slidably connected with the movable box guide rail 13 and are arranged on the movable box guide rail 13; a main oil cylinder mounting hole 22 is provided in the middle of the left side of the movable box 2, and a clamping oil cylinder mounting grid 23 is provided at the front and rear of the left part of the movable box 2. A gap that communicates with the main oil cylinder mounting hole 22 is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids 23, and a wheel receiving groove 24 is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids 23 and the right side of the movable box 2. A wheel axle receiving groove hole 25 that is concave from top to bottom is provided in the middle of the right side of the movable box 2, and a push box oil cylinder connector 26 is fixedly provided in the middle of the lower right end of the movable box 2. As a preferred mode, the front and rear sides of the movable box 2 are each provided with one or more hollow holes 27 for reducing weight.

[0020] Two wheel axle supports 3 are arranged in parallel on the base 1 in an adjustable position, and are used to support the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100 when in use. As a specific implementation, the structure of the wheel axle support 3 in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 7The wheel axle support member 3 includes a sliding seat 31, a bracket 32 ​​disposed above the sliding seat 31, a connecting screw 33 for connecting the sliding seat 31 and the bracket 32, and an adjusting nut 34 disposed on the connecting screw 33 and located between the sliding seat 31 and the bracket 32. The sliding seat 31 is a structural member that is in an inverted U shape as a whole. A slide groove 31-1 is provided at the lower end of the front and rear sides of the sliding seat 31. The sliding seat 31 is slidably disposed on the base 1 by cooperating with the two support member guide rails 14 on the base 1 through its two slide grooves 31-1. The two sliding seats 31 can slide to adjust their positions so that they can stably support locomotive wheels 100 of different sizes and models. The bracket 32 ​​can be a V-shaped or U-shaped bracket. By rotating the adjusting nut 34 and the connecting screw 33, the vertical parking height of the bracket 32 ​​can be conveniently adjusted to facilitate the stable support of different locomotive wheels 100.

[0021] The master cylinder 4 is used to push the left side of the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100 to the right to push the movable box 2 to move to the left in the opposite direction to help unload the wheel. The master cylinder 4 specifically includes a cylinder body, a piston rod 41, and a push-up abutment joint 42. The cylinder body of the master cylinder 4 cooperates with the master cylinder mounting hole 22 of the movable box 2 and is fixedly arranged in the middle of the left side of the movable box 2. The piston rod 41 of the master cylinder 4 extends into the movable box; Figure 8 As shown, the push-up abutment head 42 includes a cylindrical main body 42-1 and a conical ejector pin 42-2; Figure 1 As shown, the push-up abutment joint 42 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the piston rod 41 of the main cylinder 4 by its main body 42-1, and the ejector pin 42-2 of the push-up abutment joint 42 is used to abut against the center countersunk hole provided on the left side of the axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100 or the center point when no center countersunk hole is provided to achieve accurate centering and limit the axle 100-1 during the wheel withdrawal process.

[0022] The clamping cylinder 5 and the clamping plate 6 are arranged in the movable box, and are used to clamp the wheel to be removed against the right inner wall of the movable box 2 and ensure that the wheel will not fall off after being removed from the vehicle. Figure 1 , 3 4. Two clamping cylinders 5 are respectively arranged in the two clamping cylinder installation grids 23 of the movable box 2, for a total of four. One clamping plate 6 is respectively arranged on the left side of the wheel accommodating groove 24 of the movable box 2, and the two clamping cylinders 5 located on the upper and lower sides are respectively connected to the corresponding clamping plates 6 located on the upper and lower sides. When in use, the four clamping cylinders 5 drive the two clamping plates 6 to apply thrust to the wheel to be removed from left to right until the wheel to be removed is pressed against the right inner wall of the movable box 2.

[0023] The box-pushing oil cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and is used to push the movable box 2 to the left to help unload the wheels when in use. As a specific installation method, the box-pushing oil cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged on the middle beam 11-2 of the frame 11 of the base 1, and the right end of the cylinder body of the box-pushing oil cylinder 7 abuts against the limit block 11-3 on the middle beam 11-2; the outer end of the piston rod of the box-pushing oil cylinder 7 is transmission-connected with the box-pushing oil cylinder connector 26 of the movable box 2, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0024] The wheel axle centering and limiting assembly 8 is arranged on the base 1, and is used to cooperate with the main oil cylinder 4 to accurately center and limit the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100. As a specific implementation method, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The wheel axle centering and limiting assembly 8 comprises a mounting platform 81 fixedly arranged on the boss 12 of the base 1, a screw sleeve 82 fixedly arranged on the mounting platform 81, a screw (not shown in the figure) rotatably arranged in the screw sleeve 82, a hand wheel 83 drivingly connected to the right end of the screw, a transition block 84 fixedly connected to the left end of the screw, and a centering and limiting ejector pin 85 integrally or fixedly connected to the middle of the left end surface of the transition block 84. When in use, by rotating the hand wheel 83, the centering and limiting ejector pin 85 can be easily moved to the left or right, so that the centering and limiting ejector pin 85 can abut against the center point of the right side of the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100 of different sizes when the center counterbore is provided or not provided with the center counterbore to achieve accurate centering, and cooperate with the main oil cylinder 4 to clamp the wheel axle 100-1 so that the wheel axle 100-1 is basically immobile during the wheel unloading process.

[0025] The method of use and working principle of the locomotive wheel set unloading device of this embodiment during use are briefly described as follows: See also Figures 1 to 4When the locomotive wheel set unloading device of this embodiment is used, firstly, according to the length of the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100, the left and right positions of the two wheel axle support members 3 are slidably adjusted, and then the wheel axle 100-1 of the locomotive wheel set 100 is placed on the two wheel axle support members 3, and the first wheel 100-2 to be disassembled is placed in the wheel receiving groove 24 of the movable box 2, and the second wheel 100-3 is close to the centering limit ejector pin 85 of the wheel axle centering limit assembly 8; the height of the two wheel axle support members 3 in the vertical direction is adjusted to adjust the height of the wheel axle 100-1 accordingly so that the left and right center points of the wheel axle 100-1 are respectively aligned with the ejector pin 42-2 of the main oil cylinder 4 and the centering limit ejector pin 85 of the wheel axle centering limit assembly 8, and the screw of the high-pressure oil port of the first wheel 100-2 to be disassembled (not shown in the figure) is unscrewed, and oil is injected from the high-pressure oil port. High-pressure oil is injected until oil seepage appears between the wheel center hole of the first wheel 100-2 and the axle 100-1 to reduce the resistance of wheel withdrawal. At this time, the four clamping oil cylinders 5 are started to drive the two clamping plates 6 to make the first wheel 100-2 to be disassembled fit tightly with the right inner wall of the movable box 2, and then the hand wheel 83 of the axle centering limit assembly 8 is manually rotated to make the centering limit ejector pin 85 tightly abut against the center point of the right end of the axle 100-1; then the main oil cylinder 4 is started again to make the ejector pin 42-2 of the push-pushing abutment joint 42 tightly abut against the center point of the left end of the axle 100-1; thereby completing the precise centering and limiting of the axle 100-1 at both ends, so that when disassembling the first wheel Then the box-pushing cylinder 7 is started to work to push the movable box 2 to the left, and at the same time the main cylinder 4 continues to work. As the piston rod of the main cylinder 4 pushes the movable box 2 to the right and is limited by the wheel axle 100-1 through the push-top abutment joint 42, and the cylinder body of the main cylinder 4 is fixed on the movable box 2, the rightward thrust of the piston rod of the main cylinder 4 is converted into the cylinder body of the main cylinder 4 to push the movable box 2 to the left, so that the main cylinder 4 and the box-pushing cylinder 7 work together to push the movable box to the left, and because the first wheel 100-2 is clamped in the movable box 2, the movable box 2 drives the movable box to be disassembled. The unloaded first wheel 100-2 moves to the left until the first wheel 100-2 leaves the axle 100-1, that is, is removed from the axle 100-1. At this time, the piston rod 41 of the main cylinder 4 retracts to the initial state, and the clamping cylinder 5 still clamps the removed first wheel 100-2 on the inner wall of the movable box 2 through the clamping plate 6 to prevent the first wheel 100-2 from falling and being damaged itself and the device from being damaged. After the separately installed lifting equipment is stably connected to the removed first wheel 100-2, the four clamping cylinders 5 retract and release the removed first wheel 100-2, which is lifted away by the separately installed lifting equipment, and then the next wheel removal can be carried out.

[0026] As can be seen from the foregoing, the locomotive wheel unloading device of this embodiment has a relatively simple structure and a low manufacturing cost through a new design of the overall structure; when in use, it adopts a single-sided wheel unloading method, with a fast wheel unloading speed and high efficiency, and the removed wheel will not fall and be damaged or damage the device itself, and there is no need to frequently replace the axle sleeve; and during the wheel unloading process, the wheel axle has good automatic centering performance and the wheel axle basically does not move, so that the wheel axle is not easily strained, upset or scrapped during the wheel unloading process.

[0027] The above embodiments are descriptions of specific implementation methods of the present invention rather than limitations of the present invention. Technical personnel in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications to obtain corresponding equivalent technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locomotive wheel set unloading device, comprising a base, two axle support members slidably arranged on the base and used to support the axle of the locomotive wheel set when in use, characterized in that: The invention also includes a movable box which is slidably arranged on the base and is used to accommodate a wheel to be removed from the locomotive wheel pair when in use; a main oil cylinder which is arranged on the movable box and is used to center the wheel axle and push the movable box to move to remove the wheel; a clamping oil cylinder which is arranged in the movable box and is used to press the wheel to be removed against the movable box and a clamping plate which is transmission-connected to the clamping oil cylinder; a box-pushing oil cylinder which is fixedly arranged on the base and is used to push the movable box to move to remove the wheel; and an axle centering and limiting assembly which is fixedly arranged on the other side of the base relative to the movable box and is used to cooperate with the main oil cylinder to accurately align the wheel axle and limit the wheel axle during the wheel withdrawal process.

2. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a rectangular frame, a boss fixed at the upper right end of the frame, a movable box guide rail fixed at the upper left end of the frame, and two support member guide rails fixed at both sides of the middle upper end of the frame; the movable box is slidably connected to the movable box guide rail, and the two wheel axle supports are respectively slidably connected to the two support member guide rails.

3. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame is provided with two long slots for reducing weight, a middle beam is provided between the two long slots, and a limit block is fixedly provided on the upper side of the middle beam close to the boss; the box-pushing cylinder is fixedly provided on the middle beam of the frame, and the right end of the cylinder body of the box-pushing cylinder is in contact with the limit block on the middle beam; the outer end of the piston rod of the box-pushing cylinder is transmission-connected to the movable box.

4. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable box is a box structure with a square shape as a whole. The lower end of the movable box is provided with two docking grooves that cooperate with the movable box guide rails of the base so that it can be slidably arranged on the movable box guide rails; a main oil cylinder mounting hole is provided in the middle of the left side of the movable box, and a clamping oil cylinder mounting grid is provided at the front and rear of the left part of the movable box respectively, and a gap communicating with the main oil cylinder mounting hole is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids, and a wheel accommodating groove is provided between the two clamping oil cylinder mounting grids and the right side of the movable box, and a wheel axle accommodating groove hole recessed from top to bottom is provided in the middle of the right side of the movable box, and a push box cylinder connecting head for transmission connection with the piston rod of the push box cylinder is fixedly provided in the middle of the lower end of the right side of the movable box.

5. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the movable box are each provided with at least one hollow hole for reducing weight.

6. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The master cylinder specifically comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod and a push-pull abutment joint. The cylinder body of the master cylinder cooperates with the master cylinder mounting hole of the movable box and is fixed on the movable box, and the piston rod of the master cylinder extends into the movable box; the push-pull abutment joint comprises a cylindrical main body and a conical ejector pin, and the push-pull abutment joint is fixedly connected to the outer end of the piston rod of the master cylinder by its main body, and the ejector pin of the push-pull abutment joint is used to abut with the center countersunk hole provided on the left side of the wheel axle or with the center point when no center countersunk hole is provided to achieve accurate alignment and limit the wheel axle during wheel retreat.

7. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping cylinders are arranged in two upper and lower parts in the two clamping cylinder installation grids of the movable box, and a clamping plate is arranged in the upper and lower parts on the left side of the wheel receiving groove of the movable box. The two clamping cylinders on the upper and lower sides are respectively connected with the clamping plates on the upper and lower sides through transmission. Therefore, when in use, the two clamping plates are driven by the four clamping cylinders to press the wheel to be disassembled onto the right inner wall of the movable box.

8. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wheel axle support member includes a sliding seat, a bracket arranged above the sliding seat, a connecting screw for connecting the sliding seat and the bracket, and an adjusting nut arranged on the connecting screw and located between the sliding seat and the bracket; the sliding seat is a structural member that is an inverted U-shaped member as a whole, and a slide groove is respectively provided at the lower end of the front and rear sides of the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably arranged on the base by cooperating with the two slide grooves and the two support member guide rails on the base. The bracket is a V-shaped or U-shaped bracket, and the bracket is arranged above the sliding seat so that the parking height can be adjusted up and down by rotating the adjusting nut and the connecting screw.

9. The locomotive wheel set unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wheel axle centering and limiting assembly includes a mounting platform fixedly arranged on a boss of a base, a screw sleeve fixedly arranged on the mounting platform, a screw rotatably arranged in the screw sleeve, a hand wheel transmission-connected to the right end of the screw, a transition block fixedly connected to the left end of the screw, and a centering and limiting ejector pin fixedly arranged at the middle of the left end surface of the transition block; when in use, the hand wheel is rotated so that the centering and limiting ejector pin abuts against a center countersunk hole provided on the right side of the wheel axle or a center point when no center countersunk hole is provided, so as to achieve accurate centering and limit the wheel axle.

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