Superfine fiber with flame-retardant and antistatic effects and production method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a superfine fiber with flame-retardant and antistatic effects and a production method of the superfine fiber. The superfine fiber is prepared from 95-97 parts of PE or PET, 0.5-1 part of nanoscale metal particles, 0.1-1 part of aluminum chloride, 0.1-1 part of aluminum hydroxide and 0.1-0.5 part of aluminum triphosphate. According to the superfine fiber with the flame-retardant and antistatic effects and the production method of the superfine fiber, the conditions that in the prior art, in the actual use process, current superfine fibers are flammable and poor in flame retardance, meanwhile, static electricity is likely to be generated, and potential safety hazards exist in the use process are improved, the static electricity can be effectively eliminated, and the service life of the superfine fiber is prolonged. And meanwhile, by arranging the outer side with fireproof and anti-combustion functions, the use safety can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafine fiber production, and in particular to an ultrafine fiber with flame retardant and antistatic effects and a production method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ultrafine fibers, also known as microfibers, fine denier fibers, and ultrafine fibers, are generally referred to as fibers with a fineness of less than 0.3 denier (5 microns in diameter). There are also claims that fibers with a monofilament fineness of less than 0.55 dtex are defined as ultrafine fibers. Ultrafine fibers are mainly divided into ultrafine natural fibers and ultrafine synthetic fibers. Ultrafine natural fibers mainly include animal fibers (spider silk, silk, leather, animal hair, etc.), plant fibers, etc.; ultrafine synthetic fibers mainly include polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and glass fibers. The two ultrafine fibers with the largest output in the industry are polyester and polyamide.

[0003] The main characteristics of ultrafine fibers are thin single fibers, small diameter, large specific surface area, light weight and softness, high strength and good hygroscopicity.

[0004] Current microfibers are relatively flammable and have poor flame retardancy. They are also prone to generating static electricity, posing safety risks when used. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, in response to the above problems, the present invention proposes an ultrafine fiber with flame retardant and antistatic effects and a production method thereof, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the current ultrafine fibers are relatively flammable, have poor flame retardancy, are prone to generate static electricity, and pose safety hazards during use.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber, the structure of which includes an inner and outer layer, wherein the main components of the inner layer are:

[0007] PE or PET 95-97, nano-scale metal particles 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.5, wherein the main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 95-97, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5-1, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.5, further, the main components of the inner layer are:

[0008] PE or PET 96.5, nano-scale metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5, wherein the main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 96, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 0.5, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5, further, the main components of the inner layer are:

[0009] PE or PET 97, nano-scale metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 0.5, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5, wherein the main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 97, ammonium polyphosphate 1, chlorinated polyethylene 1, aluminum chloride 0.5, aluminum hydroxide 0.2, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.3, further, the steps are as follows:

[0010] 1) Pre-treating the particles of the two materials and adding the additives according to the components;

[0011] 2) The pretreated materials are fed into different screw extruders for extrusion, and the surface layer molten liquid and the core layer molten liquid are respectively supplied to the spinning head assembly by corresponding metering pumps according to the spinning ratio requirements to form fiber filaments with a core-sheath structure;

[0012] 3) Sent into a water-cooled or air-cooled box for cooling;

[0013] 4) Use winding equipment to rewind and package.

[0014] Further, the pretreatment includes inputting large particles of PE or PET into a crusher to crush them into small particles with a diameter not greater than 4 mm, and then sending them into a drying chamber for heating and drying. The drying temperature is 120-140 degrees Celsius, the drying time is 8-10 hours, and the additives except nano-scale metal particles are sieved through 160 mesh.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the surface layer molten liquid to the core layer molten liquid is 2:1; the melting is carried out at a temperature of 190° C. for 40 minutes.

[0016] Furthermore, after the water cooling and shaping, the fiber is sent to a stretching device for 8-15 times stretching treatment to further reduce the fiber diameter.

[0017] Furthermore, during the stretching process, heating and heat preservation equipment is used to keep the fiber at 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the stretching roller is preheated to 120 degrees Celsius in advance.

[0018] Furthermore, the rapid cooling by water cooling after the stretching can effectively eliminate cold working stress and residual stress, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the composite fiber.

[0019] By adopting the aforementioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the ultrafine fiber with flame retardant and antistatic effects and the production method thereof have improved the prior art by setting up the following features: in actual use, the current ultrafine fibers are still relatively flammable, have poor flame retardancy, and are also prone to generate static electricity, which poses a safety hazard when used; static electricity can be effectively eliminated; and at the same time, by setting up an outer side with fireproof and anti-combustion functions, the safety of use can be effectively improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0021] This embodiment provides a flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and a production method thereof, wherein the structure includes an inner and outer layer, wherein the main components of the inner layer are:

[0022] PE or PET 95-97, nano-sized metal particles 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.5;

[0023] The main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 95-97, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5-1, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.5;

[0024] The main components of the inner layer are:

[0025] PE or PET 96.5, nano-sized metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5;

[0026] The main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 96, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 0.5, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5;

[0027] The main components of the inner layer are:

[0028] PE or PET 97, nano-sized metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 0.5, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5;

[0029] The main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 97, ammonium polyphosphate 1, chlorinated polyethylene 1, aluminum chloride 0.5, aluminum hydroxide 0.2, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.3;

[0030] The steps are as follows:

[0031] 1. Pre-treat the particles of the two materials and add the additives according to the components;

[0032] 2. The pretreated materials are fed into different screw extruders for extrusion. The surface layer melt and the core layer melt are respectively supplied to the spinning head assembly by corresponding metering pumps according to the spinning ratio requirements to form fiber filaments with a core-sheath structure.

[0033] 3. Send it into water-cooling or air-cooling box for cooling;

[0034] 4 Use winding equipment to rewind and pack.

[0035] Pretreatment includes inputting large PE or PET particles into a crusher to crush them into small particles with a diameter of no more than 4 mm, and then sending them into a drying room for heating and drying. The drying temperature is 120-140 degrees Celsius and the drying time is 8-10 hours. All additives except nano-scale metal particles are sieved through 160 mesh.

[0036] The mass ratio of the surface layer molten liquid to the core layer molten liquid is 2:1; the melting is carried out at a temperature of 190° C. for 40 minutes.

[0037] After the water cooling and shaping, the fiber is sent to a stretching device for 8-15 times stretching treatment to further reduce the fiber diameter.

[0038] During the stretching process, heating and heat preservation equipment are used to keep the fiber at 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the stretching roller is preheated to 120 degrees Celsius in advance.

[0039] The rapid cooling by water cooling after the stretching can effectively eliminate the cold working stress and residual stress, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the composite fiber.

[0040] The quantitative test was conducted using the GB / T 5455-2014 vertical combustion method. This method uses a flame generated by a specified igniter to ignite the center of the bottom edge of the sample in the vertical direction. The results are as follows:

[0041]

[0042] The present invention provides a flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and a production method thereof, which improves the prior art by providing a method for preventing the flame retardancy of the ultrafine fiber and generating static electricity, thereby effectively eliminating static electricity and effectively improving the safety of use.

[0043] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber, characterized in that: Its structure consists of two layers, inner and outer, of which the main components of the inner layer are: PE or PET 95-97, nano-sized metal particles 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.5; The main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 95-97, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5-1, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5-1, aluminum chloride 0.1-1, aluminum hydroxide 0.1-1, and aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.1-0.

5.

2. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the inner layer are: PE or PET 96.5, nano-sized metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5; The main components of the outer layer are: PE or PET 96, ammonium polyphosphate 0.5, chlorinated polyethylene 0.5, aluminum chloride 1, aluminum hydroxide 0.5, and aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.

5.

3. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main components of the inner layer are: PE or PET 97, nano-sized metal particles 1, aluminum chloride 0.5, aluminum hydroxide 1, aluminum tripolyphosphate 0.5; The main components of the outer layer are: 97 PE or PET, 1 ammonium polyphosphate, 1 chlorinated polyethylene, 0.5 aluminum chloride, 0.2 aluminum hydroxide, and 0.3 aluminum tripolyphosphate.

4. The method for producing the flame-retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: 1) Pre-treating the particles of the two materials and adding the additives according to the components; 2) The pretreated materials are fed into different screw extruders for extrusion, and the surface layer molten liquid and the core layer molten liquid are respectively supplied to the spinning head assembly by corresponding metering pumps according to the spinning ratio requirements to form fiber filaments with a core-sheath structure; 3) Sent into a water-cooled or air-cooled box for cooling; 4) Use winding equipment to rewind and package.

5. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and the production method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: Pretreatment includes inputting large PE or PET particles into a crusher to crush them into small particles with a diameter of no more than 4 mm, and then sending them into a drying room for heating and drying. The drying temperature is 120-140 degrees Celsius and the drying time is 8-10 hours. All additives except nano-scale metal particles are sieved through 160 mesh.

6. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and the production method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the surface layer molten liquid to the core layer molten liquid is 2:1; the melting is carried out at a temperature of 190° C. for 40 minutes.

7. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and the production method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the water cooling and shaping, the fiber is sent to a stretching device for 8-15 times stretching treatment to further reduce the fiber diameter.

8. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and the production method thereof according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the stretching process, heating and heat preservation equipment are used to keep the fiber at 140-150 degrees Celsius, and the stretching roller is preheated to 120 degrees Celsius in advance.

9. The flame retardant and antistatic ultrafine fiber and the production method thereof according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rapid cooling by water cooling after the stretching can effectively eliminate the cold working stress and residual stress, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the composite fiber.

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