Closed construction method for ultra-high clearance reserved lifting opening building-free formwork support body

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to an ultra-high clearance reserved lifting opening building-free formwork frame body sealing construction method which comprises the following operation steps: step A, material preparation before working, specifically comprising the following steps: step A1, selecting H-shaped steel meeting the national standard as a main beam; a2, a scaffold steel pipe is preferentially adopted as a connecting support; step A3, preparing an opposite-pull screw rod for connecting and fixing; step B, preparation at the early stage of construction is conducted, specifically, H-shaped steel of H400 * 400 * 15 * 20, steel pipes of corresponding specifications and opposite-pull screws with the diameter of 14 mm are used for construction, and small holes of proper sizes are formed; after reinforcement, the material lifting opening shows good stability in the subsequent construction process, in the bottom die dismantling stage, dismantling work is conveniently completed through the small opening, the project progress and quality requirements are met, and the construction period is shortened by 50%. After construction, the sealing quality of the material lifting opening is good, no safety accident occurs in the construction process, and the construction cost and period are effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a closed construction method for an ultra-high clearance reserved hanging opening without erecting a formwork frame body. Background Art

[0002] In the process of construction, it is mainly to solve the problem of formwork frame construction of the hanging port of the ultra-high clearance space during the construction process. The traditional construction method of the hanging port usually requires the construction of a formwork frame for support, which will not only increase the complexity and construction period of the construction, but also may cause safety hazards and increase construction costs. There are often many technical difficulties in the reinforcement and removal of the bottom mold of the reserved hanging port with ultra-high clearance. The traditional method of closing the hanging port usually adopts the construction of the formwork frame. This method has the problems of complex construction, high cost, long construction period, and complex installation and removal of the bottom mold and frame. Especially in the ultra-high clearance environment, the formwork frame is an ultra-dangerous project, and the special plan needs to be demonstrated by experts, which greatly increases the difficulty and danger of construction. Therefore, a new construction method is needed to solve these problems. The present invention aims to provide an efficient, stable and economical construction method of the hanging port without the need to build a formwork frame, bottom mold tie reinforcement and removal. In view of this, we propose a construction method for closing the ultra-high clearance reserved hanging port without the need to build a formwork frame. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without building a formwork frame, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a construction method for enclosing a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without building a formwork frame, comprising the following steps: Step A, material preparation before construction, specifically includes: Step A1, select H-shaped steel that meets national standards as the main beam; the specifications of H-shaped steel are determined according to the size of the hanging port and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height between 200-500mm is selected, such as H300×300×10×15 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness). H-shaped steel should have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the yield strength should not be less than 235MPa; Step A2, preferably use scaffolding steel pipe as the connection support; the steel pipe specification is usually 48mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in wall thickness. The steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel with good toughness and weldability; Step A3, prepare the tension screws for connection and fixation; select high-strength tension screws, the screw diameter is usually 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel. The length of the tension screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the reinforcement requirements, and the general length is between 1-3m. Both ends of the screw are equipped with nuts and washers, and the size of the washers is generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nut should match the screw to ensure the tightening effect; Step B, pre-construction preparation, detailed measurement of the reserved hanging opening for super-high clearance; determine the size, position and clearance height of the hanging opening and other parameters. Design the layout of the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe support and tension screws and the location of the four small openings based on the measurement results; Step C, construction steps, specifically includes: Step C1, H-beam laying main beam arrangement, place the H-beam main beam on the structure on both sides of the lifting port; use embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts to fix it at the laying position. Embedded parts should be pre-buried during structural construction, and post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, injected with glue and implanted according to design requirements; correct the horizontality and verticality of the H-beam main beam, and control the horizontality deviation within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation within ±3mm. After correction, use temporary support to fix the H-beam main beam to prevent it from displacement; Step C2, installation of steel pipe connection support, weld steel pipe connection ear plates on the H-beam main beam according to the designed spacing. The ear plate thickness is generally 10-15mm, and the material is the same as the H-beam; double-sided fillet welds should be used for ear plate welding, and the weld height should not be less than 0.7 times the thickness of the ear plate; insert the steel pipe into the ear plate and fix it with bolts or welding. The arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30°-60°. The bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the structure below, and can be connected by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts on the structure; Step C3, arrange the tension screws, drill holes at corresponding positions on the templates on both sides of the bottom mold of the hanging port; the hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tension screws to ensure that the tension screws can pass smoothly; put gaskets on both ends of the screws and tighten the nuts. The arrangement spacing of the tension screws is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tension screws should cooperate with the H-shaped steel main beam and steel pipe support to form an overall tensioning reinforcement system to enhance the deformation resistance of the bottom mold of the hanging port; Step D, small hole setting, determine the positions of four small holes on the bottom formwork of the hanging material port. The small holes are generally set near the four corners of the bottom formwork of the hanging material port, and should avoid the main load-bearing components; the size of the small holes is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, use the template to reserve small holes in advance, and reinforce the edges of the holes, such as adding additional wood or angle steel, to prevent the edges of the holes from being damaged during construction; Step E: Tie up the steel bars at the hanging port. Lay the steel mesh on the bottom form of the hanging port. The steel bar specifications and spacing are determined according to the design requirements. Generally, steel bars with a diameter of 8-12mm and a spacing of 150-200mm are used. The steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the hanging port, which can be tied or welded. Step F, concrete pouring, is performed by pumping concrete. Before pouring, the slump of the concrete is tested and the slump is controlled within 160-200 mm to ensure the fluidity and pumpability of the concrete. The concrete should be poured in layers, and the thickness of each layer is controlled within 300-500 mm. During the pouring process, a vibrating rod is used for vibration, and the vibration interval is controlled within 300-500 mm to ensure that the concrete is dense.

[0005] The concrete surface should be polished to a flatness within ±3mm; Step G, curing and finished product protection, after the concrete pouring is completed, timely curing is carried out, which can be carried out by covering with plastic film and moisturizing cotton felt. The curing time is not less than 7 days. During the curing period, the finished product is protected around the hanging port to prevent collision and damage; Step H, removal of the bottom formwork of the hanging port. After the construction is completed and the floor slab strength reaches the designed strength, the bottom formwork of the hanging port needs to be removed. First, remove the tension screws, use a wrench to loosen the nuts at both ends of the tension screws, remove the gaskets, and pull out the tension screws; insert the removal tools (such as crowbars, etc.) into the holes through the four pre-set small holes, and gradually pry the bottom formwork from the edge of the hole. During the operation, pay attention to even force to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structures; as the bottom formwork loosens, use lifting equipment such as a small crane or manual hoist to lift the bottom formwork out of the hanging port in sections through the small holes. During the lifting process, ensure that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing safety accidents. Finally, close the four reserved small holes.

[0006] In this technical solution, through four pre-set small holes, demolition tools (such as crowbars, etc.) are inserted into the holes, and the bottom formwork is gradually pried from the edge of the hole; during the operation, attention should be paid to uniform force to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structures; as the bottom formwork loosens, a small crane or a manual hoist or other lifting equipment is used to lift the bottom formwork in sections out of the hanging port through the small holes; during the lifting process, it is ensured that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing safety accidents; finally, the four reserved small holes are closed; it is convenient to construct, and a construction method that does not require the erection and dismantling of the formwork frame is adopted, which eliminates the construction and dismantling procedures of the formwork in traditional formwork construction, greatly simplifies the construction process, and reduces the labor intensity of construction personnel; it has high structural stability, and the composite structural system formed by the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe connection support and tension screw can effectively withstand the load on the bottom formwork of the hanging port and the load above it, ensuring the stability of the hanging port during construction. The setting of the tension screw can effectively resist the lateral deformation of the bottom form; the construction efficiency is high, the construction process of this method is relatively clear, the installation of the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe support and the tension screw is relatively convenient, which can greatly shorten the construction period and improve the construction efficiency. At the same time, the four small holes set up facilitate the subsequent removal of the bottom form, reducing the difficulty and time of removal; it has the characteristics of low cost and high benefit, because no formwork materials and corresponding labor costs are required, the construction cost is reduced. At the same time, the construction period is shortened, and the management cost during the construction process is indirectly reduced; the construction safety is improved, and the high-altitude operation risks brought by the formwork construction are avoided in the ultra-high clearance environment, and the construction safety is improved; the reinforced hanging material port shows good stability in the subsequent construction process. In the stage of removing the bottom form, the small hole is used to conveniently complete the removal work, meet the project progress and quality requirements, and shorten the construction period by 50%. After construction, the closing quality of the hanging material port is good, no safety accidents occur during the construction process, and the construction cost and period are effectively controlled, which provides an efficient, economical and safe construction solution for the field of building construction, and has broad application prospects.

[0007] In the above technical solution, further, in step A1, the specification of the H-shaped steel is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the load-bearing requirement, and generally, an H-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height between 200-500 mm is selected.

[0008] In this technical solution, the following are preferred: H400×400×15×20 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness), steel pipes of corresponding specifications and tension screws with a diameter of 14 mm for construction, and the H-shaped steel should have sufficient strength and rigidity, with a yield strength of not less than 235 MPa.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further, in step A2, the steel pipe specification is usually 48 mm in outer diameter and 3.5 mm in wall thickness, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

[0010] In this technical solution, the steel pipe material has good toughness and weldability.

[0011] In the above technical solution, further, in step A3, high-strength tension screws are preferably used, the screw diameter is usually 12-16 mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel.

[0012] In this technical solution, the length of the tension screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the reinforcement requirements, and is generally between 1 and 3 meters. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the screw, and the size of the washers is generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nuts should match the screw to ensure the tightening effect.

[0013] In the above technical solution, further, in step B, the arrangement of the H-beam main beam, steel pipe support and tension screws and the positions of the four small holes are designed according to the measurement results, and the quality of the H-beam, steel pipe and tension screws is checked.

[0014] In this technical solution, ensure that the material, specification and quality of H-shaped steel, steel pipe and tension screw meet the design requirements. Clean the surface of the material to remove impurities such as oil, rust, etc.

[0015] In the above technical solution, further, in step C1, embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts are used to fix the H-beam main beam at the resting position, and the horizontality and verticality are corrected. The horizontality deviation is controlled within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation is controlled within ±3mm. After correction, temporary support is used to fix the H-beam main beam.

[0016] In this technical solution, embedded parts should be pre-buried during structural construction, and post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, injected with glue and implanted in accordance with design requirements; after correction, temporary supports should be used to fix the H-shaped steel main beam to prevent its displacement.

[0017] In the above technical solution, further, in step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the ear plate and fixed by bolts or welding.

[0018] In this technical solution, the arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30° and 60°; the bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the structure below, and the connection can be achieved by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts on the structure.

[0019] In the above technical solution, further, in step C3, the tension screw is passed through the drilled hole, and gaskets are respectively put on both ends of the screw and nuts are tightened.

[0020] In this technical solution, the hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tie screw to ensure that the tie screw can pass smoothly; the arrangement spacing of the tie screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie screw should cooperate with the H-shaped steel main beam and steel pipe support to form an overall tie reinforcement system to enhance the deformation resistance of the bottom mold of the hanging port.

[0021] In the above technical solution, further, in step D, the size of the small hole is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the laying of the bottom formwork, a template is used to reserve the small hole in advance, and the edge of the hole is reinforced.

[0022] In this technical solution, additional wooden planks or angle steels are added to prevent the edge of the opening from being damaged during construction.

[0023] In the above technical solution, further, in step E, the steel bar specifications and spacing are determined according to design requirements, and generally steel bars with a diameter of 8-12 mm and a spacing of 150-200 mm are used.

[0024] In this technical solution, the steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the hanging port, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The closed construction method of the super-high clearance reserved hanging port without erecting a formwork frame is convenient to construct. It adopts a construction method without erecting or dismantling a formwork frame, which eliminates the steps of erecting and dismantling the formwork in traditional formwork construction, greatly simplifies the construction process, and reduces the labor intensity of construction personnel.

[0026] 2. The closed construction method of the super-high clearance reserved hanging port without formwork frame has high structural stability. The composite structural system formed by the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe connection support and tension screw can effectively bear the load on the bottom formwork of the hanging port and the load above it, ensuring the stability of the hanging port during construction. The setting of the tension screw can effectively resist the lateral deformation of the bottom formwork.

[0027] 3. The super-high clearance reserved hanging opening does not require the formwork frame to be closed. The construction efficiency is high. The construction process of this method is relatively clear. The installation of H-shaped steel main beams, steel pipe supports and tension screws is relatively convenient, which can greatly shorten the construction period and improve the construction efficiency. At the same time, the four small holes are set to facilitate the subsequent removal of the bottom formwork, reducing the difficulty and time of removal.

[0028] 4. This super-high clearance reserved hanging opening closed construction method without formwork support frame has the characteristics of low cost and high benefit. Since formwork materials and corresponding labor costs are not required, the construction cost is reduced. At the same time, the construction period is shortened, and the management cost during the construction process is indirectly reduced.

[0029] 5. The closed construction method of the reserved hanging opening in the ultra-high clearance without the need to build a formwork frame improves the construction safety. In the ultra-high clearance environment, it avoids the high-altitude operation risks brought by the formwork construction and improves the safety of construction.

[0030] 6. This method of enclosing the reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support is used. During the construction of the reserved hanging opening closure, the size of the hanging opening is 3m×10m, and the clearance height is 10m. H-shaped steel of H400×400×15×20, steel pipes of corresponding specifications, and tension screws with a diameter of 14mm are used for construction, and small holes of appropriate sizes are set. The reinforced hanging opening showed good stability in the subsequent construction process. During the stage of dismantling the bottom formwork, the small hole was used to conveniently complete the dismantling work, meeting the project progress and quality requirements, and shortening the construction period by 50%. After construction, the quality of the hanging opening closure was good, no safety accidents occurred during the construction process, and the construction cost and cycle were effectively controlled, providing an efficient, economical and safe construction solution for the field of construction, with broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of H-beam in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the steel pipe in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the tension screw in the present invention; Figure 5 A flowchart for the pre-construction preparation of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the arrangement of H-beam shelving main beams in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the steel pipe connection support installation in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a flow chart of the arrangement of the tension screw rods in the present invention; Fig. 9 Flow chart for the small hole arrangement of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a flow chart of steel bar binding at the material hanging port in the present invention; Fig.11 It is a flow chart of concrete pouring in the present invention; Fig.12It is a flow chart of the maintenance and finished product protection in the present invention; Fig.13 The present invention is a flow chart of removing the bottom mold of the hanging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-13 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a construction method for enclosing a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without building a formwork frame, including the following steps: Step A, material preparation before construction, specifically includes: Step A1, select H-shaped steel that meets national standards as the main beam; the specifications of H-shaped steel are determined according to the size of the hanging port and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height between 200-500mm is selected, such as H300×300×10×15 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness). H-shaped steel should have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the yield strength should not be less than 235MPa; Step A2, preferably use scaffolding steel pipe as the connection support; the steel pipe specification is usually 48mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in wall thickness. The steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel with good toughness and weldability; Step A3, prepare the tension screws for connection and fixation; select high-strength tension screws, the screw diameter is usually 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel. The length of the tension screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the reinforcement requirements, and the general length is between 1-3m. Both ends of the screw are equipped with nuts and washers, and the size of the washers is generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nut should match the screw to ensure the tightening effect; Step B, pre-construction preparation, detailed measurement of the reserved hanging opening for super-high clearance; determine the size, position and clearance height of the hanging opening and other parameters. Design the layout of the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe support and tension screws and the location of the four small openings based on the measurement results; Step C, construction steps, specifically includes: Step C1, H-beam laying main beam arrangement, place the H-beam main beam on the structure on both sides of the lifting port; use embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts to fix it at the laying position. Embedded parts should be pre-buried during structural construction, and post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, injected with glue and implanted according to design requirements; correct the horizontality and verticality of the H-beam main beam, and control the horizontality deviation within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation within ±3mm. After correction, use temporary support to fix the H-beam main beam to prevent it from displacement; Step C2, installation of steel pipe connection support, weld steel pipe connection ear plates on the H-beam main beam according to the designed spacing. The ear plate thickness is generally 10-15mm, and the material is the same as the H-beam; double-sided fillet welds should be used for ear plate welding, and the weld height should not be less than 0.7 times the thickness of the ear plate; insert the steel pipe into the ear plate and fix it with bolts or welding. The arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30°-60°. The bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the structure below, and can be connected by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts on the structure; Step C3, arrange the tension screws, drill holes at corresponding positions on the templates on both sides of the bottom mold of the hanging port; the hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tension screws to ensure that the tension screws can pass smoothly; put gaskets on both ends of the screws and tighten the nuts. The arrangement spacing of the tension screws is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tension screws should cooperate with the H-shaped steel main beam and steel pipe support to form an overall tensioning reinforcement system to enhance the deformation resistance of the bottom mold of the hanging port; Step D, small hole setting, determine the positions of four small holes on the bottom formwork of the hanging material port. The small holes are generally set near the four corners of the bottom formwork of the hanging material port, and should avoid the main load-bearing components; the size of the small holes is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, use the template to reserve small holes in advance, and reinforce the edges of the holes, such as adding additional wood or angle steel, to prevent the edges of the holes from being damaged during construction; Step E: Tie up the steel bars at the hanging port. Lay the steel mesh on the bottom form of the hanging port. The steel bar specifications and spacing are determined according to the design requirements. Generally, steel bars with a diameter of 8-12mm and a spacing of 150-200mm are used. The steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the hanging port, which can be tied or welded. Step F, concrete pouring, is performed by pumping concrete. Before pouring, the slump of the concrete is tested and the slump is controlled within 160-200 mm to ensure the fluidity and pumpability of the concrete. The concrete should be poured in layers, and the thickness of each layer is controlled within 300-500 mm. During the pouring process, a vibrating rod is used for vibration, and the vibration interval is controlled within 300-500 mm to ensure that the concrete is dense.

[0034] The concrete surface should be polished to a flatness within ±3mm; Step G, curing and finished product protection, after the concrete pouring is completed, timely curing is carried out, which can be carried out by covering with plastic film and moisturizing cotton felt. The curing time is not less than 7 days. During the curing period, the finished product is protected around the hanging port to prevent collision and damage; Step H, removal of the bottom formwork of the hanging port. After the construction is completed and the floor slab strength reaches the designed strength, the bottom formwork of the hanging port needs to be removed. First, remove the tension screws, use a wrench to loosen the nuts at both ends of the tension screws, remove the gaskets, and pull out the tension screws; insert the removal tools (such as crowbars, etc.) into the holes through the four pre-set small holes, and gradually pry the bottom formwork from the edge of the hole. During the operation, pay attention to even force to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structures; as the bottom formwork loosens, use lifting equipment such as a small crane or manual hoist to lift the bottom formwork out of the hanging port in sections through the small holes. During the lifting process, ensure that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing safety accidents. Finally, close the four reserved small holes.

[0035] Among them, through the four pre-set small holes, the demolition tools (such as crowbars, etc.) are inserted into the holes, and the bottom formwork is gradually pried from the edge of the hole; during the operation, attention should be paid to uniform force to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structures; as the bottom formwork loosens, a small crane or manual hoist and other lifting equipment are used to lift the bottom formwork in sections out of the hanging port through the small holes; during the lifting process, it is ensured that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing safety accidents; finally, the four reserved small holes are closed; it is convenient to construct, and the construction method of the formwork frame is adopted, which eliminates the construction and dismantling procedures of the formwork in traditional formwork construction, greatly simplifies the construction process, and reduces the labor intensity of construction personnel; it has high structural stability, and the composite structure system formed by the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe connection support and tension screw can effectively withstand the load on the bottom formwork of the hanging port and the load above it, ensuring the stability of the hanging port during construction. The setting of the tension screw can effectively resist the lateral deformation of the bottom form; the construction efficiency is high, the construction process of this method is relatively clear, the installation of the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe support and the tension screw is relatively convenient, which can greatly shorten the construction period and improve the construction efficiency. At the same time, the four small holes set up facilitate the subsequent removal of the bottom form, reducing the difficulty and time of removal; it has the characteristics of low cost and high benefit, because no formwork materials and corresponding labor costs are required, the construction cost is reduced. At the same time, the construction period is shortened, and the management cost during the construction process is indirectly reduced; the construction safety is improved, and the high-altitude operation risks brought by the formwork construction are avoided in the ultra-high clearance environment, and the construction safety is improved; the reinforced hanging material port shows good stability in the subsequent construction process. In the stage of removing the bottom form, the small hole is used to conveniently complete the removal work, meet the project progress and quality requirements, and shorten the construction period by 50%. After construction, the closing quality of the hanging material port is good, no safety accidents occur during the construction process, and the construction cost and period are effectively controlled, which provides an efficient, economical and safe construction solution for the field of building construction, and has broad application prospects.

[0036] Example 2: This example provides a closed construction method for a reserved hanging opening with ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step A1, the specifications of the H-shaped steel are determined according to the size of the hanging opening and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height between 200-500mm is selected.

[0037] Among them, the following are preferred: H400×400×15×20 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness), steel pipes of corresponding specifications and tension screws with a diameter of 14mm for construction. The H-shaped steel should have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the yield strength should not be less than 235MPa.

[0038] Example 3: This example provides a closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step A2, the steel pipe specification is usually 48mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in wall thickness, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

[0039] Among them, the steel pipe material has good toughness and weldability.

[0040] Example 4: This example provides a closed construction method for an ultra-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step A3, high-strength tension screws are preferably used. The screw diameter is usually 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher-strength steel.

[0041] The length of the tension screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the reinforcement requirements, and is generally between 1 and 3 meters. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the screw, and the size of the washers is generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nuts should match the screw to ensure the tightening effect.

[0042] Example 5: This example provides a closed construction method for an ultra-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step B, the arrangement of the H-shaped steel main beam, steel pipe support and tension screws and the positions of the four small holes are designed according to the measurement results, and the quality of the H-shaped steel, steel pipe and tension screws is checked.

[0043] Among them, ensure that the material, specification and quality of H-shaped steel, steel pipe and tension screw meet the design requirements. Clean the surface of the material to remove impurities such as oil, rust, etc.

[0044] Example 6: This example provides a closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved lifting opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step C1, embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts are used to fix the H-beam main beam at the resting position, and the horizontality and verticality are corrected. The horizontality deviation is controlled within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation is controlled within ±3mm. After correction, temporary supports are used to fix the H-beam main beam.

[0045] Among them, embedded parts should be pre-buried during structural construction, and post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, injected with glue and implanted in accordance with design requirements; after correction, temporary supports should be used to fix the H-shaped steel main beam to prevent its displacement.

[0046] Example 7: This example provides a method for enclosing a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: in step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the ear plate and fixed with bolts or welding.

[0047] Among them, the arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30° and 60°; the bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the underlying structure, which can be achieved by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts on the structure.

[0048] Example 8: This example provides a closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: in step C3, the tension screw is passed through the drilled hole, gaskets are respectively put on both ends of the screw and nuts are tightened.

[0049] The hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tie screw to ensure that the tie screw can pass smoothly; the spacing of the tie screw is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie screw should cooperate with the H-shaped steel main beam and steel pipe support to form an overall tie reinforcement system to enhance the deformation resistance of the bottom mold of the hanging port.

[0050] Example 9: This example provides a closed construction method for an ultra-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step D, the size of the small opening is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the laying of the bottom formwork, a template is used to reserve a small opening in advance, and the edge of the opening is reinforced.

[0051] Among them, additional wooden planks or angle steels can be added to prevent the edges of the openings from being damaged during construction.

[0052] Example 10: This example provides a closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features. In step E, the steel bar specifications and spacing are determined according to design requirements. Generally, steel bars with a diameter of 8-12 mm and a spacing of 150-200 mm are used.

[0053] Among them, the steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the hanging port, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0054] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A closed construction method for a super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without the need to erect a formwork frame, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step A, material preparation before construction, specifically includes: Step A1, select H-shaped steel that meets national standards as the main beam; Step A2, preferably using scaffolding steel pipe as connecting support; Step A3, preparing the tension screws for connection and fixing; Step B: Pre-construction preparation, detailed measurement of the reserved hanging opening for super-high clearance; Step C, construction steps, specifically includes: Step C1, H-beam main beam arrangement, placing the H-beam main beam on the structures on both sides of the hanging port; Step C2, steel pipe connection support installation, welding steel pipe connection ear plates on the H-beam main beam according to the designed spacing, and double-sided fillet welds should be used for ear plate welding; Step C3, arranging the tension screws, and drilling holes at corresponding positions on the templates on the opposite sides of the bottom template of the hanging port; Step D: small hole setting: determine the positions of four small holes on the bottom mold of the hanging port; Step E, tying the steel bars of the hanging port, and laying the steel mesh on the bottom form of the hanging port; Step F, concrete pouring, pouring is carried out by pumping concrete, and before pouring, the slump of the concrete is tested and the slump is controlled at 160-200 mm; Step G, maintenance and finished product protection, after the concrete pouring is completed, timely maintenance; Step H, removal of the bottom formwork of the hanging port. After the construction is completed and the floor slab strength reaches the designed strength, the bottom formwork of the hanging port needs to be removed. First, remove the tension screws, use a wrench to loosen the nuts at both ends of the tension screws, remove the gaskets, and pull out the tension screws.

2. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step A1, the specification of the H-beam is determined according to the size of the hanging port and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, an H-beam with a cross-sectional height between 200-500 mm is selected.

3. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step A2, the steel pipe specifications are usually 48mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in wall thickness, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

4. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step A3, high-strength tension screws are preferably used, the screw diameter is usually 12-16 mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel.

5. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step B, the arrangement of the H-beam main beam, steel pipe support and tie rods as well as the positions of the four small openings are designed based on the measurement results, and the quality of the H-beam, steel pipe and tie rods is checked.

6. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step C1, embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts are used to fix the H-beam main beam at the resting position, and the horizontality and verticality are corrected. The horizontality deviation is controlled within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation is controlled within ±3mm. After correction, temporary support is used to fix the H-beam main beam.

7. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the lug plate and fixed by bolts or welding.

8. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step C3, the tension screw rod is passed through the drilled hole, and washers are respectively put on both ends of the screw rod and nuts are tightened.

9. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step D, the size of the small opening is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the laying of the bottom formwork, a template is used to reserve a small opening in advance, and the edge of the opening is reinforced.

10. The method for enclosing the super-high clearance reserved hanging opening without formwork support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step E, the steel bar specifications and spacing are determined according to the design requirements. Generally, steel bars with a diameter of 8-12 mm and a spacing of 150-200 mm are used.

Images