A small coal column two-way restraint of penetrating type anchor cable and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway supporting, particularly relates to a small coal column two-way constraint penetrating type anchor cable and construction method, comprising a steel strand, the two ends of the steel strand are respectively provided with a lock and a connecting piece, a rubber sleeve is arranged between the lock and the connecting piece, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the steel strand; the connecting piece comprises a tapered core sleeved on the steel strand, a round nut is arranged at one end of the tapered core facing the lock, an anchor head is arranged at one end of the tapered core away from the round nut, a connecting ring is arranged at one end of the tapered core facing the round nut, a plurality of anchor pieces are arranged on one end of the connecting ring facing the anchor head, and a spring is arranged between the connecting ring and the round nut. The present application can effectively complete the construction of the two-way anchor cable on one side of the small coal column, effectively improve the anchor rod supporting speed and the roadway advancing speed, and effectively prevent harmful gases such as gas in the upper section working face goaf from entering the gob driving roadway in the present section through the gap, thereby eliminating the safety hazard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine roadway support technology, and in particular to a penetrating anchor cable and construction method for bidirectional constraint on both sides of a small coal pillar. Background Technology

[0002] Small coal pillar roadway excavation along the goaf has become the main method used for normal continuity of working faces in most mining areas. After the upper section of the working face is mined, a stress reduction zone appears due to the influence of the support pressure. In the stress reduction zone, although the surrounding rock is in the stress reduction zone, secondary fractures of the coal body are developed and the strength is severely damaged. The edges on both sides of the small coal pillar are prone to loosening and breaking. During the roadway excavation process, it is necessary to combine the fracture characteristics of the coal body on the sidewall of the coal pillar and explore a method for controlling the attitude stability of the coal pillar with bidirectional anchoring.

[0003] The existing side support methods for narrow coal pillars in goaf excavation roadways mainly focus on high-strength threaded steel anchor bolts and long anchor cable reinforcement. These support methods are all unidirectional restraint supports, which can provide greater support resistance to the coal pillar in goaf excavation roadways with low coal body fracture development and low displacement deformation on both sides of the small coal pillar, thus maintaining the integrity of the small coal pillar and effectively controlling the deformation and instability of the coal pillar. However, after the upper section of the working face has been mined, the coal face has been unsupported and the edges of the small coal pillars are prone to loosening and breaking. The above-mentioned support methods cannot effectively control the posture of the coal pillars, which can easily lead to large deformation and instability on the side of the coal pillars during goaf excavation. This results in the following problems with some existing bidirectional tie rod devices: the tie rods cannot be installed on one side of the coal pillar, making operation difficult; they cannot prevent harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper section of the working face from entering the goaf excavation in this section through the gap between the anchor and the borehole, posing a safety hazard; and the anchor head device is generally separable from the rod body, which greatly reduces the overall strength of the tie rod device.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a penetrating anchor cable and construction method that provides bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar. This method can not only effectively complete the construction of bidirectional anchor cables on one side of the small coal pillar, but is also easy to operate and can significantly improve the anchor support speed, thereby effectively increasing the roadway advance speed. Furthermore, it can effectively prevent harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper working face from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through the gap between the anchor (cable) and the borehole, effectively eliminating safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional constraint on both sides of a small coal pillar and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional constraint on both sides of a small coal pillar, comprising a steel strand, wherein a lock and a connector are respectively provided at both ends of the steel strand, a rubber collar is provided between the lock and the connector, and the rubber collar is fitted on the steel strand; the connector includes a conical core fitted on the steel strand, a round nut is provided at one end of the conical core facing the lock, an anchor head is provided at the other end of the conical core away from the round nut, a connecting ring is provided at the other end of the conical core facing the round nut, a plurality of anchor plates are provided on the other end of the connecting ring facing the anchor head, and a spring is provided between the connecting ring and the round nut.

[0007] Preferably, the lock has a tray at the end facing the round nut.

[0008] Preferably, the outer surface of the rubber ferrule is in the shape of a triangular thread.

[0009] Preferably, a cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the conical core facing the lock, a round nut is installed on the end of the cylinder away from the conical core, and a spring is sleeved on the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor head has an anchor head hole, and both the conical core and the cylinder have central through holes. The diameters of the anchor head hole and the central through holes are larger than the diameter of the steel strand, and the diameter of the central through holes is larger than the diameter of the anchor head hole.

[0011] Preferably, the conical core is fixedly connected with a plurality of conical ribs in the circumferential direction, and the conical ribs are slidably connected with grooves, the grooves being formed on the anchor plate.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of single-ear seats are fixedly connected to the connecting ring, and double-ear seats are rotatably connected to the single-ear seats, and the double-ear seats are fixedly connected to the anchor plate.

[0013] Preferably, the anchor plate has a number of barbs fixedly connected to the side opposite to the groove.

[0014] A method for constructing a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Drilling holes at small coal pillars in the roadway;

[0016] S2. Push the connector into the borehole;

[0017] S3. Pull back the steel strand;

[0018] S4. When the steel strand cannot be pulled out during retraction, the anchor plate extends out of the borehole;

[0019] S5. Continue to pull back the steel strand. When the steel strand can no longer be pulled back, install the rubber sleeve.

[0020] S6. Install the lock.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2, in order to make the anchor plate in a retracted state before entering the borehole, several of the anchor plates are tied to the conical core by rubber bands.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The bidirectional anchor cable of the present invention can realize the construction of bidirectional anchor cables on one side of a small coal pillar. It is easy to operate and can greatly improve the anchor support speed, thereby improving the roadway advance speed.

[0024] 2. This invention uses a rubber ring to prevent harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper section of the working face from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through the gap, thus eliminating safety hazards.

[0025] 3. The length of the steel strand of the present invention can be flexibly adjusted according to the width of the small coal pillar in the actual engineering geological conditions, which can meet the requirements of complex on-site environments.

[0026] This invention not only enables the effective construction of bidirectional anchor cables on one side of a small coal pillar, making it easy to operate and significantly increasing the speed of anchor support, thus effectively improving the roadway advancement speed; it also effectively prevents harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through the gap between the anchor (cable) and the borehole, effectively eliminating safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor head structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conical core structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the barb structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the groove structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting ring structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spring structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bidirectional anchor cable after construction according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure after the bidirectional anchor cable construction of the present invention;

[0037] Among them, 1. steel strand; 2. anchor head; 3. conical core; 4. anchor plate; 5. connecting ring; 6. lock; 7. tray; 8. small coal pillar; 9. drill hole; 10. round nut; 11. rubber ferrule; 12. spring; 21. anchor head hole; 31. cylinder; 32. conical rib; 33. central through hole; 41. barb; 42. groove; 43. hinge hole; 44. double ear seat; 51. single ear seat. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The feasible implementations discovered in this field are as follows:

[0039] Patent publication number CN112963186A discloses a method for reinforcing and supporting narrow coal pillars in goaf mining roadways, including the following steps: S1: First, in the mining roadway, a tunnel drilling rig or a bolt drilling rig is used to drill horizontal boreholes and symmetrical inclined boreholes in the top and bottom plates of the narrow coal pillar. The horizontal boreholes and the inclined boreholes in the top and bottom plates are set at intervals along the length of the narrow coal pillar. After drilling, the holes are cleaned; S2: Inclined bolts are installed in each of the inclined boreholes in the top and bottom plates of the narrow coal pillar located on the side of the mining roadway, and inclined bolt heads are installed on the ends of the inclined bolts that protrude from the top and bottom plates, forming a single-sided inclined anchoring system; S3: In the mining roadway, the exposed section of the installed inclined bolt on the coal wall of the narrow coal pillar is passed through the inclined borehole of the tie rod nut, and the tie rod nut is fixed to the coal wall with a nut, and a certain preload is applied by tightening the nut; at the same time, the inclined bolts installed on the bottom plate are... S4: In the narrow coal pillar, the exposed section of the coal wall passes through the inclined drill hole of the "U" groove tie rod, and the "U" groove tie rod is fixed to the coal wall with a nut, and a certain pre-tightening force is applied by tightening the nut; S5: In the mining roadway, the bent section of the "U" shaped tie rod is inserted into the U-shaped groove of the "U" groove tie rod, and the two ends of the "U" shaped tie rod pass through the tie rod through hole of the tie nut above the "U" groove tie rod, and the tie nut is tightened at the threaded ends, and a certain pre-stress is applied to form a longitudinal truss tie structure, forming a single-sided transverse side limiting reinforcement device; S6: The anchor cable is installed into the horizontal borehole, and a certain exposed length is retained; S7: A small diameter grouting pipe is inserted into the horizontal borehole, and then reinforcement material is injected into the horizontal borehole with the anchor cable installed through the grouting pipe; S8: After the reinforcement material in the horizontal borehole has solidified, the tray and lock are installed in sequence at the exposed end of the anchor cable, and then a certain pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor cable.

[0040] In steps S6 and S7: the reinforcing material is either Polene reinforcing material or Marisan reinforcing material.

[0041] This patented method for reinforcing narrow coal pillars during gob-side excavation primarily addresses the instability caused by stress concentration in narrow coal pillars. By strengthening the support of these pillars, the overall stability of the gob-side excavation is improved, ultimately increasing the coal recovery rate. The inclined anchoring system, composed of inclined anchor bolts and a longitudinal truss device, prevents coal wall spalling. Simultaneously, grouting through horizontal drilling re-solidifies the loose rings around the anchor cables into a solid anchor with a certain load-bearing capacity, enhancing the coal pillar's own load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, applying a pre-tightening force to the anchor cables after the anchoring material has solidified achieves better support. Compared to other similar solutions, this patent's advantage lies in achieving a balance between support cost and support effectiveness while reducing support density.

[0042] Patent publication number CN118933909A discloses a narrow coal pillar reinforcement structure based on double-tension anchor cables. The structure is based on a narrow coal pillar located between roadways A and B. The wall of the narrow coal pillar on the side of roadway A is designated as wall A, and the wall on the side of roadway B is designated as wall B. Specifically, the reinforcement structure includes: wire mesh installed on the walls of roadways A and B; multiple U-shaped supports evenly and at intervals on the walls of roadways A and B, above the wire mesh; and supports placed on the rock mass of the narrow coal pillar, avoiding the locations of the U-shaped supports. Multiple through holes are evenly distributed horizontally and vertically, serving as installation holes for anchor cables. An anchor cable is installed through each installation hole, with both ends of each anchor cable extending beyond wall surface A and wall surface B, respectively. Tensioning aids are provided; each tensioning aid consists of a tray and a lock sequentially fitted onto the end of the anchor cable. The tray is fixed to wall surface A or wall surface B, and the lock is used to lock the anchor cable, with its bottom contacting the tray. These tensioning aids are used in conjunction with the tensioner to pre-tension both ends of the anchor cable. The pre-tensioned anchor cable is used to achieve bidirectional reinforcement support for narrow coal pillars.

[0043] At least two clamps are installed at intervals in the middle section of each anchor cable.

[0044] The mounting holes are spaced 400mm apart horizontally and 800mm apart vertically.

[0045] The end of each anchor cable extends at least 0.5m beyond wall surface A or wall surface B.

[0046] The second technical solution adopted by this patent is an installation method for a narrow coal pillar reinforcement structure based on double-tension anchor cables. This method is based on a narrow coal pillar reinforcement structure using double-tension anchor cables and a prefabricated anchor cable. The prefabricated anchor cable consists of a sleeve fitted onto one end and secured with a clamp. The installation method includes the following steps: S1. When tunneling roadway A, a through hole is drilled from one side of roadway A into the rock mass of the narrow coal pillar; these holes are the installation holes for the prefabricated anchor cables, and multiple holes are evenly arranged. The prefabricated anchor cable is inserted into each installation hole, ensuring that both ends of the prefabricated anchor cable extend beyond both sides of the narrow coal pillar. The sleeved end of the prefabricated anchor cable extends to one side of roadway B. Each installation hole is pre-sealed with a foaming agent, and then grout is injected through a grouting pipe into each prefabricated anchor cable and its surrounding rock mass. Grouting is performed to reinforce the gaps in the installation holes. After grouting is completed, trays and locks are sequentially inserted into the ends of the anchor cables on the A side of the roadway and fixed. After the grout solidifies quickly, tensioning equipment is used to apply pre-tightening force to achieve pre-tightening reinforcement of the anchor cables on the A side of the narrow coal pillar. S2. When tunneling to the B side, after the ends of the precast anchor cables are exposed, the excess length of the anchor cables is cut off on the premise that the ends of the precast anchor cables extend beyond the wall of the narrow coal pillar. The anti-static sleeve is removed, and trays and locks are sequentially installed into the ends of the anchor cables on the B side of the roadway. In this way, each precast anchor cable on the B side of the roadway is cut and tensioning auxiliary tools are installed. Finally, each anchor cable on the B side of the roadway is tensioned and pre-tightened to achieve bidirectional reinforcement support for the narrow coal pillar. In S1, before the anchor cable is installed into the installation hole, a grouting pipe is fixed side by side on the anchor cable, and a grout stop plug is installed on the anchor cable and adjacent to the outer walls on both sides of the narrow coal pillar.

[0047] This patented technology achieves bidirectional reinforcement support by setting up wire mesh and U-shaped supports on narrow coal pillars, and evenly distributing multiple anchor cables horizontally and vertically on the rock mass of the narrow coal pillars, avoiding the positions of the U-shaped supports. Then, trays and locks are installed on both sides of the anchor cables, and the ends of the anchor cables are pre-tightened by tensioning tools. This improves the support strength of narrow coal pillars, solves the problem of tight mining continuity, and can prevent the formation of isolated faces in mining areas due to skip mining.

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Reference Figures 1-9This invention provides a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional constraint on both sides of a small coal pillar, comprising a steel strand 1, with a lock 6 and a connector respectively provided at both ends of the steel strand 1, and a rubber collar 11 provided between the lock 6 and the connector, the rubber collar 11 being fitted onto the steel strand 1; the connector includes a conical core 3 fitted onto the steel strand 1, a round nut 10 provided at the end of the conical core 3 facing the lock 6, an anchor head 2 provided at the end of the conical core 3 away from the round nut 10, a connecting ring 5 provided at the end of the conical core 3 facing the round nut 10, a plurality of anchor plates 4 provided on the end of the connecting ring 5 facing the anchor head 2, and a spring 12 provided between the connecting ring 5 and the round nut 10.

[0051] The bidirectional anchor cable of the present invention can be constructed on one side of the small coal pillar 8, which is easy to operate and can greatly improve the anchor support speed, thereby improving the roadway advance speed.

[0052] This invention uses a rubber ring 11 to prevent harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through gaps, thus eliminating safety hazards.

[0053] The length of the steel strand 1 of the present invention can be flexibly adjusted according to the width of the small coal pillar 8 in the actual engineering geological conditions, which can meet the requirements of the complex on-site environment.

[0054] This invention not only enables the effective construction of bidirectional anchor cables on one side of the small coal pillar 8, which is easy to operate and can significantly improve the anchor support speed and effectively increase the roadway advance speed; it can also effectively prevent harmful gases such as methane from the goaf of the upper section working face from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through the gap between the anchor (cable) and the borehole, effectively eliminating safety hazards.

[0055] In a further optimized design, a tray 7 is provided at the end of the lock 6 facing the round nut 10. Through the tray 7, the lock 6 can effectively tension and pre-tighten the steel strand 1.

[0056] The design was further optimized so that the outer surface of the rubber ferrule 11 is in the shape of a triangular thread. This allows the rubber ferrule 11 to effectively drill into the hole 9.

[0057] The rubber collar 11 is pre-installed and fitted onto the middle of the steel strand 1. The length of the rubber collar 11 is 100-400mm, and the outer diameter of the rubber collar 11 is 2-10mm. The total diameter of the steel strand 1 after the rubber collar 11 is fitted onto it is equal to the diameter of the borehole 9. The function of the rubber collar 11 is to prevent toxic gases such as methane from the upper section of the goaf from entering the goaf excavation roadway of this section through the gap between the steel strand 1 and the borehole 9 after the construction of the tie anchor cable is completed. The outer surface of the rubber collar 11 is triangularly threaded, which is also to facilitate its insertion into the borehole.

[0058] In a further optimized design, a cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the conical core 3 facing the lock 6, a round nut 10 is installed on the end of the cylinder 31 away from the conical core 3, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the cylinder 31. The conical core 3 and the cylinder 31 are integrally formed, which effectively improves the overall strength.

[0059] Spring 12 is sleeved on cylinder 31. Spring 12 has a rectangular cross section. The inner diameter of spring 12 is 1-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of cylinder 31. The free length of spring 12 is 100-150 mm. The top and bottom of spring 12 are ground flat. When anchor plate 4 extends out of drill hole 9, spring 12 pushes connecting ring 5, causing anchor plate 4 to open immediately.

[0060] The scheme is further optimized by providing an anchor head hole 21 on the anchor head 2, and a central through hole 33 on both the conical core 3 and the cylinder 31. The diameters of the anchor head hole 21 and the central through hole 33 are larger than the diameter of the steel strand 1, and the diameter of the central through hole 33 is larger than the diameter of the anchor head hole 21.

[0061] The total length of the anchor head 2 is 100-150mm, and the diameter of the anchor head hole 21 is 1-3mm larger than the diameter of the steel strand; the anchor head 2 and the steel strand 1 are fixed together by a clamping method.

[0062] The diameter of the central through hole 33 is 3-5 mm larger than the diameter of the steel strand 1.

[0063] In a further optimized design, several conical ribs 32 are fixedly connected to the conical core 3 in the circumferential direction. The conical ribs 32 are slidably connected to grooves 42, which are formed on the anchor plates 4. By moving along the conical ribs 32 through the grooves 42, the anchor plates 4 can be effectively tilted, allowing them to fully open and lock onto the coal face.

[0064] By sliding the groove 42 in the anchor plate 4 on the conical rib 32 on the conical core 3, the anchor plate 4 can better fit and open with the conical core 3, thereby improving the anchoring effect of the anchor plate 4.

[0065] In a further optimized design, several single-ear seats 51 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 5. Each single-ear seat 51 is rotatably connected to a double-ear seat 44, which is fixedly connected to the anchor plate 4. Each single-ear seat 51 and double-ear seat 44 has a hinge hole 43. A rotating shaft passes through the hinge hole 43, allowing the anchor plate 4 to rotate.

[0066] To further optimize the design, several barbs 41 are fixedly connected to the side of the anchor plate 4 away from the groove 42. The barbs 41 on the anchor plate 4 are engaged with the coal wall on the other side of the borehole 9, which effectively increases the friction between the anchor plate 4 and the coal wall of the borehole 9, and improves the overall anchoring effect.

[0067] A method for constructing a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. Drill hole 9 at small coal pillar 8 in the roadway; during the roadway excavation along the goaf of the small coal pillar, drill anchor cable hole 9 on the side of small coal pillar 8 in the roadway. The diameter of hole 9 is 2-10mm larger than the diameter of the tie anchor cable (when the anchor plate is in a contracted state). The length of hole 9 is equal to the width of small coal pillar 8. The length of tie anchor cable is 200-400mm larger than the width of small coal pillar 8.

[0069] S2. Push the connector into borehole 9; install tie anchor cables at the location of borehole 9 already constructed on the side of small coal pillar 8.

[0070] S3. Pull back steel strand 1; after the tie anchor cable has been inserted into the borehole 9 to a certain position, pull back steel strand 1. If it can be pulled out, it proves that the anchor plate 4 has not extended from the end of the borehole 9 to the other side of the small coal pillar 8. Then continue to insert the tie anchor cable.

[0071] S4. When the pullback steel strand 1 cannot be pulled out, the anchor plate 4 extends out of the borehole 9; until the pullback steel strand 1 cannot be pulled out, it proves that the anchor plate 4 has extended out of the end of the borehole 9.

[0072] S5. Continue to pull back steel strand 1. When steel strand 1 can no longer be pulled back, install rubber ferrule 11. Continue to pull back steel strand 1 until the anchor plate is fully opened and stuck on the coal wall.

[0073] S6. Install lock 6; install tray 7 and lock 6 at the end of the tie anchor cable, and tension them to form bidirectional tie anchors on both sides of the small coal pillar 8.

[0074] In a further optimized scheme, in step S2, in order to make the anchor plate 4 in a retracted state before entering the borehole 9, several anchor plates 4 are tied to the conical core 3 by rubber bands.

[0075] Work process:

[0076] During the excavation of the small coal pillar along the goaf, anchor cable borehole 9 is drilled on the side of the small coal pillar 8 in the roadway. The diameter of borehole 9 is 2-10mm larger than the diameter of the tie anchor cable (with anchor plate 4 in a contracted state). The length of borehole 9 is equal to the width of the small coal pillar 8. The length of the tie anchor cable is 200-400mm greater than the width of the small coal pillar 8.

[0077] Install tie rods at the location of the drilled hole 9 on the side of the small coal pillar 8. To ensure that the anchor plate 4 is in a contracted state before entering the drill hole 9, the anchor plate 4 is tied to the conical core 3 with a rubber band. After the anchor plate 4 has entered the drill hole 9 by 5-10mm, pull off or cut off the rubber band. That is, when the anchor plate 4 enters the drill hole 9, remove the rubber band. When the tie rod extends into the drill hole 9 to a certain position, pull back the steel strand 1. If it can be pulled out, it proves that the anchor plate 4 has not extended beyond the end of the drill hole 9 to the other side of the small coal pillar 8. Then continue to extend the tie rod until the steel strand 1 cannot be pulled out when it is pulled back. This proves that the anchor plate 4 has extended beyond the end of the drill hole 9. During the process of pulling back the tie rod, the barb 41 will get stuck on the coal wall at the end of the drill hole 9. Continue to pull back the steel strand 1 until the anchor plate 4 is fully opened and stuck on the coal wall.

[0078] A tray 7 and a lock 6 are installed at the end of the tie anchor cable, and the cable is tensioned to form a bidirectional tie anchor on both sides of the small coal pillar 8.

[0079] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0080] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar, characterized in that: Includes a steel strand (1), with a lock (6) and a connector at each end of the steel strand (1), and a rubber collar (11) between the lock (6) and the connector, and the rubber collar (11) is fitted onto the steel strand (1); The connector includes a conical core (3) sleeved on the steel strand (1), a round nut (10) is provided at one end of the conical core (3) facing the lock (6), an anchor head (2) is provided at one end of the conical core (3) away from the round nut (10), a connecting ring (5) is provided at one end of the conical core (3) facing the round nut (10), a plurality of anchor plates (4) are provided on one end of the connecting ring (5) facing the anchor head (2), and a spring (12) is provided between the connecting ring (5) and the round nut (10).

2. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock (6) has a tray (7) at one end facing the round nut (10).

3. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rubber ferrule (11) is in the shape of a triangular thread.

4. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to one end of the conical core (3) facing the lock (6), and a round nut (10) is installed on the end of the cylinder (31) away from the conical core (3). The spring (12) is sleeved on the cylinder (31).

5. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anchor head (2) has an anchor head hole (21), and the conical core (3) and the cylinder (31) both have a central through hole (33). The diameters of the anchor head hole (21) and the central through hole (33) are larger than the diameter of the steel strand (1), and the diameter of the central through hole (33) is larger than the diameter of the anchor head hole (21).

6. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical core (3) is fixedly connected with a number of conical ribs (32) in the circumferential direction. The conical ribs (32) are slidably connected with grooves (42), which are opened on the anchor plate (4).

7. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of single-ear seats (51) are fixedly connected to the connecting ring (5), and a double-ear seat (44) is rotatably connected to the single-ear seat (51). The double-ear seat (44) is fixedly connected to the anchor plate (4).

8. The penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anchor plate (4) has several barbs (41) fixedly connected to the side opposite to the groove (42).

9. A method for constructing a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar, based on the penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Drill a hole (9) at the small coal pillar (8) in the roadway; S2. Push the connector into the borehole (9); S3. Pull back the steel strand (1); S4. When the steel strand (1) cannot be pulled out, the anchor plate (4) extends out of the borehole (9); S5. Continue to pull back the steel strand (1). When the steel strand (1) cannot be pulled back, install the rubber ferrule (11). S6. Install the lock (6).

10. The method for constructing a penetrating anchor cable with bidirectional restraint on both sides of a small coal pillar according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, in order to make the anchor plate (4) in a retracted state before entering the borehole (9), several of the anchor plates (4) are tied to the conical core (3) by rubber bands.

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