A filling apparatus and method of construction

Abstract

The application relates to a filling device and a construction method, and relates to the field of rock stratum support, and comprises a vehicle body, an arm seat is installed on the vehicle body, a plurality of devices for completing rock stratum filling are connected on the arm seat, and the devices specifically comprise a drilling device, a grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device, a pushing-up device on a grouting pipe and a grouting device; the grouting pipe is composed of a core pipe and a grouting sleeve; in an initial state, each petal-shaped steel sheet of the core pipe is in a folded state, after being inserted into a gravel layer, a main body part of each petal-shaped steel sheet is in an outward expansion state, and an ellipsoid structure is formed; a grouting hole is arranged on the pipe body of the core pipe; and the tail end of the core pipe can be inserted into the grouting sleeve. The application has reasonable manufacturing cost, high resource utilization rate, and is beneficial to the recovery of top and bottom pillars and isolated pillar resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rock stratum support, in particular, especially to a filling equipment and construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In underground mining, the broken rock layer widely exists in the stope empty area, the main reason for its formation is that the human mining activities cause the redistribution of ground pressure stress, so that the side slope and roof of the stope collapse and fall into the stope empty area in large area, or the side slope and roof of the stope are artificially forced to collapse and fall into the stope empty area. The broken rock layer in the stope empty area has different particle sizes, and the thickness of the broken rock layer is several meters to tens of meters, and sometimes it can even fill the stope empty area. The broken rock layer is a kind of granular structure, and its existence will cause serious safety risk to the mines using the open stope mining method and the filling mining method, therefore, in order to isolate the influence of the broken rock layer on the lower stope mining, a certain thickness of the top and bottom pillar or isolation pillar is often set.

[0003] The current commonly used scheme of not setting the pillar to form the isolation layer is mainly 1) re-excavating the roadway in the broken rock layer or the top and bottom pillar, and using a large amount of roadway support engineering and high-strength filling to re-create the broken rock isolation layer, such as the application number 202311065727.3 disclosed in “Top Re-creation Combined with Side Slope Reinforcement of Extremely Broken Ore Body Large Structure Filling Mining Method”, which forms the isolation layer after laying the steel mesh and high-strength filling while mining the top and bottom pillar in the downward access; 2) directly laying the artificial false roof of the reinforced concrete structure in the stoping access, such as the application number 201110232080.X disclosed in “End Ore Drawing Caving Method Mining Process Using Steel Concrete Structure Artificial False Roof”, which adopts the steel artificial false roof structure composed of the bottom layer of the steel support net, the upper layer of the diamond steel mesh and the concrete pouring layer resistance layer. The above method has relatively high technical and economic indexes such as construction efficiency, safety risk and cost, and is not suitable for large-area isolation layer production.

[0004] The above patent, i.e. the existing artificial false roof, is mainly used for Artificial roof for underhand drift filling This artificial false roof is suitable for mining and layout in new mining areas, and the downward mining under the protection of the artificial false roof eliminates the danger of roof collapse and collapse. However, it is not suitable for the mines using the open stope mining method and the filling mining method, and the operation space of such mines is small, and the equipment cannot be installed. Artificial roof for underhand drift filling SUMMARY

[0005] ​In view of the problems of low construction efficiency, high safety risk and poor economic benefits in the current isolation layer forming method, a filling equipment and a construction method are provided.The isolation layer structure provided by the application is reasonable in structure, safe and reliable, and low in cost, which can not only meet the isolation requirements of the gravel layer and fully protect the mining safety of the lower stope, but also reduce the waste of mineral resources, improve the resource utilization rate, and create certain economic value.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the application are as follows:

[0007] A filling equipment, comprising a vehicle body, an arm seat mounted on the vehicle body, and a plurality of devices for completing rock stratum filling connected to the arm seat, specifically comprising a drilling device, a grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device, an upward pushing device and a grouting device, the drilling device is used for constructing upward parallel drilling; the grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device is used for obtaining at least one section of grouting pipe and placing it into the upward parallel drilling formed by the drilling device, the upward pushing device is used for pushing the grouting pipe into the target area; the tail end of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting device, the grouting pipe comprises a core pipe and a grouting sleeve, the head end of the core pipe is composed of a plurality of petal-shaped steel sheets, in the initial state, each petal-shaped steel sheet is in a folded state, the tail end of the core pipe can be inserted into the grouting sleeve, after the core pipe is inserted into the gravel layer, the main body part of each petal-shaped steel sheet is in an outwardly expanding state, forming an ellipsoidal structure, a grouting hole is arranged on the pipe body of the core pipe, and a check valve is connected to the input end of the grouting pipe.

[0008] Further, the tail end of each steel sheet is welded and mounted on the pipe head of the core pipe, and the head end of each steel sheet is connected by spot welding after being folded.

[0009] Further, in the folded state, the thickest part of the petal-shaped steel sheet assembly is greater than the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve by 10-20mm.

[0010] Further, the bottom of the grouting sleeve is provided with a thread for mounting an extension section grouting pipe, so as to ensure that the core pipe can be placed in the target area, the extension section grouting pipe is a pipe with a preset length or a combination of multiple pipes with a preset length, and the inlet and outlet ends of the pipe are provided with threads, and a check valve is arranged at the bottom of the pipe.

[0011] Further, a plug hole for mounting an impact pin is formed in the grouting sleeve, and the impact pin is mounted therein, and the position of the plug hole is a certain distance from the tail end of the core pipe.

[0012] The application discloses a construction method based on the above filling equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0013] In the target area operation space, an upward parallel drilling is constructed by using the drilling device, penetrates the chamber roof, and reaches the upper target area.

[0014] Determine the thickness of the grouting layer, determine the length and number of the length of the extension section of the grouting pipe based on the length of the grouting casing, until the requirement of the thickness of the grouting layer is met, insert the prepared core pipe into the grouting casing, install the impact bolt, insert the whole grouting pipe into the upward drilling hole through the grouting pipe acquisition and alignment device, resist the tail of the grouting casing by using the upward pushing device of the grouting pipe, and rotate the grouting pipe into the target area.

[0015] After confirming that the core pipe is placed in the preset position, install the check valve and rubber plug at the bottom of the grouting hole, and connect the grouting hose connected with the grouting device with the grouting casing after the grouting casing and the drilling hole are blocked.

[0016] Start the grouting device, complete the grouting of the specified height, after a period of maintenance, put the tray outside the grouting casing, complete the fixation of the tray after applying the prestress, and form the composite false roof structure.

[0017] Further, before grouting, the upper stope empty area is closed and blocked, and an observation pipeline is left on the airtight wall, and an upward inclined observation drilling hole is constructed according to the cementing height.

[0018] Further, during the grouting process, the grouting amount of each grouting pipe is counted by simultaneously grouting through multiple drilling holes, so as to ensure balanced grouting, and the grout flows out of the observation pipeline or the observation drilling hole, which indicates that the grout height in the gravel layer reaches the height of the observation pipeline or the observation drilling hole, the grouting of the specified height is completed, and the observation pipeline or the observation drilling hole is closed by using a plug.

[0019] After grouting based on the above-mentioned gravel layer grouting pipe, the composite false roof structure is formed, which comprises cement grouting, a rubber plug and a tray placed in the gravel layer, cement grouting is poured in the gravel layer with a preset thickness, the rubber plug is installed on the grouting pipe subjected to the cement grouting, and the tray is installed at the bottom of the grouting pipe, so that the construction chamber roof and the upper gravel cementing layer are fixed, and the composite false roof structure is comprehensively formed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The grouting pipe in the present application adopts the mode of trolley hydraulic rotary extrusion, threaded rotary pipe connection and grout outlet at the pipe end, which can easily realize gravel layer grouting reinforcement. The designed grouting pipe adopts a split structure and is mainly composed of a core pipe and a grouting casing. The core pipe is a split structure and can expand laterally under pressure, which can protect the grouting casing and the grouting gap of the core pipe from the entry of small sand. The grouting casing is 1-2 m per section, and the threaded pipe can be connected for subsequent grouting pipe connection as the grouting casing is deepened, and the grouting pipe is continuously lengthened.

[0022] 2、The composite false roof structure construction process of the present application is simple, and the structure is stable and reliable. After the grouting pipe is deeply inserted into the gravel layer, the upper slotted section of the grouting sleeve is opened like an umbrella rib under the influence of the core pipe, and is tightly combined with the gravel cemented body after grouting and filling, and is not easy to separate and twist, and can bear a large tensile force. By installing the tray and the nut, the tray and the roof rock mass are tightly fixed, and after a certain prestress is applied, an anchor cable structure is formed, the gravel cemented layer and the chamber roof are firmly locked, and the composite false roof structure is stable and reliable.

[0023] 3、The composite false roof structure construction cost of the present application is reasonable, and is beneficial to the recovery of the top and bottom pillars and the isolated pillar resources. The thickness of the composite false roof structure can be set to 5-8m, wherein the thickness of the gravel cemented layer is 3-5m, and the thickness of the rock mass roof is 2-3m. The gravel cemented layer fully utilizes the collapsed gravel in the stope empty area, and the proportion of the cement slurry in the gravel cemented layer space is less than 30%, which is compared with the scheme of excavating a tunnel in the gravel layer by using a large amount of supporting measures and high-strength filling to re-create an isolation layer or the scheme of directly leaving the top and bottom pillars and the isolated pillar, and the manufacturing cost is reasonable, the resource utilization rate is high, and the economic benefit is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical schemes in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 is a grouting pipe structure diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a grouting pipe before and after use state and plan view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a trolley grouting pipe installation construction operation schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a grouting pipe use instruction diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a composite false roof structure diagram of the present application;

[0030] In the figure: 1, core tube; 2, grouting hole; 3, petal steel sheet; 4, thread; 5, grouting sleeve; 6, bolt hole; 7, cutting seam; 8, impact bolt; 9, grouting pipe; 10, seamless steel pipe threaded joint; 11, stope empty area gravel layer; 12, cement slurry; 13, rubber plug; 14, grouting hose; 15, check valve; 16, grouting pump; 17, working space; 18, tray; 19, gravel cemented body; 20, observation borehole; 21, observation pipeline; 22, airtight wall; 23, rock mass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0032] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a presence of a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.

[0034] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the various examples herein are not limiting of the scope of the application. Also, it is to be understood that the various equivalents can be employed in the practice of the application, and that the examples are merely exemplary. The dimensions and other specific numerical values should be construed in a non-limiting sense in terms of being illustrative only. Other examples relating to the various aspects of the example embodiments can have different values. It is to be noted that like terminology is used throughout the various detailed descriptions and drawings herein to refer to the same or like items. Accordingly, wherever a selection of examples has been made, one of skill will recognize that any such selection is merely exemplary and is not to be construed as limiting of the claimed subject matter.

[0035] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the application: the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0036] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the devices described in the drawings. For example, if the devices in the drawings are inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0037] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second" and the like to define parts is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the application.

[0038] The embodiment of the application discloses a filling device and a construction method, which is described as a construction device for a gravel layer composite false roof in the embodiment, and in other optional embodiments, the device and the construction method of the application can be applicable to filling treatment such as grouting and water plugging of similar rock strata, and the application comprises a vehicle body, an arm seat is installed on the vehicle body, a plurality of devices for completing construction of a gravel layer composite false roof are connected to the arm seat, and specifically include a drilling device, a grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device, an upward pushing device for a grouting pipe and a grouting device, the drilling device is used for constructing upward parallel drilling holes; the grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device is used for obtaining at least one grouting pipe and placing the grouting pipe into the upward parallel drilling holes formed by the drilling device; the upward pushing device for the grouting pipe is used for pushing the grouting pipe into a stope or a gravel layer in a goaf; and the distal end of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting device, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the grouting pipe 9 comprises a core pipe 1 and a grouting sleeve 5, the head end of the core pipe 1 is composed of multiple petal-shaped steel sheets 3, in the initial state, each petal-shaped steel sheet 3 is in the closed state, the tail end of the core pipe 1 can be inserted into the grouting sleeve 5, after the core pipe 1 is inserted into the gravel layer, the main body part of each petal-shaped steel sheet 3 is in the outwardly expanding state, forming an ellipsoidal structure as a pile head, the pipe body of the core pipe 1 is provided with a grouting hole 2, the input end of the grouting sleeve 5 can be continuously connected with the threaded joint 10 of other seamless steel pipes by using the thread 4, the length of the pipe body is extended, and the grouting device can also be directly connected. In the embodiment, the grouting device is a grouting pump 16. The outer diameter of the core pipe body should be less than the inner diameter of the grouting sleeve by more than 20 mm, so as to ensure the flow of the cement slurry. Specifically, the core pipe is inserted into the grouting sleeve to form a "peach kernel" structure, after being inserted into the gravel layer, the inserted end forms an "umbrella" structure, which is an important connecting structure of the later composite false roof structure. The grouting pipe is a kind of cementing grouting pipe.

[0039] The drilling device used in the embodiment can integrate multiple drilling rods of different specifications according to actual needs, place the drilling rods on the drilling rod rack, and complete the drilling of the hole diameter matched with the outer diameter of the grouting pipe based on different drilling needs. The grouting pipe obtaining and aligning device can be a mechanical hand or a mechanical arm, which can transfer the grouting pipe to the drilled hole. The upward pushing device on the grouting pipe can be a device that can rotate to send the grouting pipe upward or a device that knocks the grouting pipe at the bottom. Specifically, it can be any one of a rock drill, an impactor or a hollow power head.

[0040] Of course, as an optional implementation, the bottom of the vehicle body is provided with a traveling mechanism to complete the travel of the device in the working space. A power supply mechanism is provided to supply power for the processes of drilling by the drilling machine, grouting pumping, upward pushing of the pipe, etc.

[0041] As another optional implementation, the grouting can also be on-site mixing, and the specific mixing device can also be integrated on the vehicle body.

[0042] As another optional implementation, an intelligent device can also be connected to complete the automation of the drilling process by the drilling machine, the grouting pumping process, the upward pushing process of the pipe, etc. Correspondingly, a controller connected with each electrical device is provided.

[0043] As another optional implementation, a detection and data acquisition device can also be connected, which is placed in the drilled hole after the drilling by the drilling machine is completed, to complete the detection and photography of the rock stratum and provide a reference for the subsequent grouting process. The telescopic detection and data acquisition device can also be placed in the grouting pipe to further detect and photograph before grouting, to provide a reference for the grouting process. The detection and data acquisition device comprises an extendable probe and a photographing device arranged on the periphery of the probe.

[0044] In the embodiment, the core pipe is made of a seamless steel pipe, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is φ36 mm (wall thickness 3 mm), the length is 350 mm, the grouting holes with a diameter of φ10 mm are distributed on the pipe body at intervals of 100 mm, one end of the pipe body is closed by a steel sheet, and the other end is welded to install a pile head, the pile head is composed of 4-6 petal-shaped steel sheets with a length of 150 mm, the thickness of the steel sheets is 2 mm, the tail of the steel sheet is welded to be installed on the pipe head, the head of the steel sheet is aggregated to form a pointed spot welding simple connection, in the folded state, the thickest part of the petal-shaped steel sheet assembly is greater than the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve by 10-20 mm. After the pile head tip reaches a certain pressure, all petal-shaped steel sheets will bend outward, expand laterally, and change into an ellipsoidal body.

[0045] The grouting sleeve is made of a non-standard seamless steel pipe, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is φ60 mm (wall thickness 2-4 mm), the grouting length is the thickness of the top plate + the thickness of the gravel cement layer + 1 m, the cutting seam 7 is cut on the grouting pipe along the length axis of the pipe body on the side where the core pipe is inserted, there are 6-8 slits with equal intervals and a length of about 500 mm, and the pipe head part is connected into a ring by spot welding. After the pile head expands to form an ellipsoidal body, the end of the grouting sleeve is blown open to form an umbrella rib outward expansion structure. The cutting seam is used to facilitate the expansion of the pipe.

[0046] The tail of each steel sheet is welded to be installed on the pipe head of the core pipe 1, and the head of each steel sheet is connected by spot welding after being folded.

[0047] The thickest part of the petal-shaped steel sheet 3 assembly is greater than the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve by 10-20 mm.

[0048] In the embodiment, the grouting sleeve is provided with a bolt hole 6 for installing an impact bolt 8.

[0049] As shown in Figure 5 , the application is based on the above-mentioned gravel layer large-flow cement grouting pipe, and forms a composite false roof structure after grouting, which comprises cement slurry 12 placed in the gravel layer, rubber plug 13 and tray 18, the cement slurry 12 is filled in the gravel layer with a predetermined thickness, the rubber plug 13 is installed on the grouting sleeve 5 or the extension pipe which has been subjected to cement grouting, and the tray 18 is installed at the bottom of the grouting sleeve 5 or the extension pipe, so that the construction chamber roof and the upper gravel cement layer are fixed, and a composite false roof structure is comprehensively formed.

[0050] As shown in Figure 3 , as shown in Figure 4 , the application further discloses a construction process of the above-mentioned composite false roof, which comprises the following steps:

[0051] In the working space 17 (in the original rock) directly below the mining area or the empty area, an upward parallel borehole is drilled by using a drilling device, penetrating the roof of the chamber until the upper mining area empty area gravel layer 11; the bottom of the working space 17 (in the original rock) directly below the mining area or the empty area is the ore rock mass 23. In this embodiment, the diameter of the borehole is φ80-90mm, the length of the borehole is 2m, the drilling grid is 5m x 3m, and the drilling device is Simba-1354 or other devices capable of completing the drilling function in this embodiment.

[0052] The prepared core pipe is inserted into the grouting casing, the impact bolt is installed, the grouting pipe is inserted into the upward borehole as a whole by using the grouting pipe acquisition and alignment device, the grouting pipe is moved upward along the borehole by using the upward pushing device of the grouting pipe against the tail of the grouting casing 5, the grouting pipe is screwed into the mining area or the empty area gravel layer until a certain depth of the gravel layer is penetrated; in the specific implementation process, the grouting pipe is screwed and extended according to the needs by using the trolley automatic rod connection function, but the exposed length below the roof should not exceed 20-100cm. In this embodiment, the length of the grouting casing is 1.1m per section. The upward borehole mentioned in this paper is a hole perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0053] When the grouting pipe is pushed forward by using the upward pushing device of the grouting pipe, if the pile head does not expand transversely in time, but the head of the grouting casing cracks first, the core pipe will be moved downward and collide with the impact bolt, the impact bolt will continue to support and impact the core pipe until the pile head expands and the opening section of the grouting casing head expands outward.

[0054] A rubber plug is installed at the bottom of the grouting hole, and after the grouting casing and the borehole are blocked, the grouting hose 14 connected with the grouting pump is connected with the grouting casing; the cement slurry flows out from the gap between the opening section of the grouting casing and the pile head under the protection of the pile head during grouting, the grouting material is cement, the cement strength is related to the thickness of the gravel cemented layer, and 42.5 cement can be used when there is no special requirement, the grouting method is pump injection, and the grouting pipe is connected with the pump body by using the grouting hose. During grouting, the cement slurry flows out from the gap between the opening section of the grouting casing and the pile head under the protection of the pile head. In this embodiment, the grouting height is judged by whether the overflow occurs through the observation tube arranged on the closed wall in the mining area empty area connecting passage, and the grouting pipe is closed in time by using the rubber plug after the grouting height reaches the designed height to prevent cement leakage. In this embodiment, three concrete drag pumps HTB60 are used as grouting pumps.

[0055] The reverse valve 15 is installed at the bottom of the grouting pipe, and after the grouting to the specified height is completed, the tray is sleeved outside the grouting sleeve pipe after a period of sealing and maintenance, and after the fixation of the tray is completed, the composite false roof structure is formed. Thus, the thickness of the roof-to-floor column or roof isolation layer is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is improved. In the embodiment, when the maintenance time reaches 7 days or more, the tray is sleeved outside the grouting sleeve pipe, the tray is added with prestress by rotating the nut, and the tray is welded after being fixed.

[0056] Specifically, the grouting sleeve pipe body and the umbrella-shaped structure at the top are inserted into the gravel layer, and after the cement grouting, the gravel cementing body 19 tightly wraps the grouting sleeve pipe. After the grouting maintenance is completed, the tray is installed at the bottom of the grouting sleeve pipe, so that the construction chamber roof and the upper gravel cementing layer are firmly locked, and the composite false roof structure is formed.

[0057] The grouting pipe is a disposable product, and after grouting, it forms an anchor cable structure and stays in the gravel cementing layer and the chamber roof, and is not recycled.

[0058] The above operation space should be located in the original rock directly below the gravel layer in the stope empty area, and be separated from the gravel layer by 2m or more. The operation space can be a roadway or a chamber, but the smaller the cross-sectional size, the better. If necessary, certain temporary support measures can be taken.

[0059] The upward parallel hole has a hole network parameter pitch x hole distance of 3-5m x 3-5m, and the hole depth is to penetrate the roof rock layer of the operation space. The drilling diameter should be 5-10mm larger than the outer diameter of the grouting pipe. In the embodiment, the drilling diameter φ is 80mm.

[0060] Generally, the grouting hole diameter is 5-10mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the core pipe petal-shaped pile head; the maximum outer diameter of the core pipe petal-shaped pile head is 10-20mm larger than the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve pipe; and the inner diameter of the grouting sleeve pipe is 20mm larger than the outer diameter of the core pipe body. In the embodiment, the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve pipe is 60mm (wall thickness 2mm), the outer diameter of the grouting hose is 50mm, the outer diameter of the core pipe body is 36mm (wall thickness 2mm), the maximum outer diameter of the core pipe petal-shaped pile head is 75mm, and the grouting hole diameter is 80mm.

[0061] Further, before grouting, the upper stope empty area is closed and blocked to form a sealing wall 22, and an observation pipeline 21 is left on the sealing wall. The upward inclined observation drill hole 20 is constructed according to the cementing height.

[0062] Further, during the grouting process, multiple drill holes are grouted at the same time, the grouting amount of each grouting pipe is counted to ensure balanced grouting, and the grouting of the grouting pipe or the observation drill hole indicates that the grouting height in the gravel layer reaches the height of the observation pipeline or the observation drill hole. After the grouting to the specified height is completed, the observation pipeline or the observation drill hole is closed in time by using a plug.

[0063] The cementing grouting pipe is suitable for various thicknesses of stope or empty area gravel layer, when the thickness of the gravel layer is relatively thick, it is suggested that the height of the gravel cementing layer is generally controlled in 3-5m; when the thickness of the gravel layer is relatively thin, the thickness is between 2-3m, the cementing grouting pipe will penetrate the gravel layer under the impact, at this time, the grouting cement slurry will form a layer of pouring surface on the gravel layer, it is suggested that the thickness of the pouring surface layer is controlled in 0.5-1.0m.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A filling device, characterized in that, The system includes a vehicle body, on which a boom is mounted. The boom is connected to several devices for completing rock filling, specifically including a drilling device, a grouting pipe acquisition and alignment device, a grouting pipe upward pushing device, and a grouting device. The drilling device is used for drilling upward parallel boreholes. The grouting pipe acquisition and alignment device is used to acquire at least one section of grouting pipe and place it into the upward parallel borehole formed by the drilling device. The grouting pipe upward pushing device is used to push the grouting pipe to the target area. The end of the grouting pipe is connected to the grouting device. The grouting pipe includes a core pipe and a grouting sleeve. The head end of the core pipe is composed of multiple petal-shaped steel plates. Initially, the petal-shaped steel plates are closed. The end of the core pipe can be inserted into the grouting sleeve. After the core pipe is inserted into the gravel layer, the main body of each petal-shaped steel plate expands outward, forming a near-ellipsoidal structure. Grouting holes are provided on the body of the core pipe, and a check valve is connected to the input end of the grouting pipe. The tail ends of each steel sheet are welded and installed on the pipe head of the core pipe, and the heads of each steel sheet are joined together by spot welding. The grouting sleeve has a pin hole for installing an impact pin, and the impact pin is installed in the pin hole. The pin hole is located at a certain distance from the end of the core tube. The core tube has a petal-shaped split structure, which can expand laterally under pressure, protecting the grout outlet gap between the grouting sleeve and the core tube from the entry of fine sand and gravel.

2. The filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the closed state, the thickest part of the petal-shaped steel plate assembly is 10-20 mm larger than the outer diameter of the grouting sleeve.

3. The filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the grouting sleeve is threaded for the installation of the extension grouting pipe to ensure that the core pipe can be placed in the target area. The extension grouting pipe is a pipe of a preset length or a combination of multiple pipes of preset length. Both the inlet and outlet ends of the pipe are threaded, and a check valve is installed at the bottom of the pipe.

4. A construction method based on the filling equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: In the working space directly below the target area, use a drilling device to drill an upward parallel hole, penetrating the top slab of the chamber until reaching the upper target area; Insert the prepared core pipe into the grouting sleeve, install the impact pin, insert the entire grouting pipe into the upward drill hole through the grouting pipe acquisition and alignment device, and use the upward pushing device of the grouting pipe to hold the tail of the grouting sleeve and rotate the grouting pipe into the target area. After confirming that the core pipe is placed in the preset position, install a check valve and a rubber plug at the bottom of the grouting hole. After the grouting sleeve and the borehole are sealed, connect the grouting hose and the grouting sleeve with the grouting device. Start the grouting device, complete the grouting to the predetermined height, and after a period of curing, put the tray outside the grouting sleeve, apply pull-out prestress, and then fix the tray to form a composite false roof structure.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Before grouting, the upper mining area is sealed and plugged, and observation pipes are left on the sealed wall. Observation boreholes are drilled at an upward inclination according to the cementation height.

6. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the grouting process, grouting is carried out simultaneously through multiple boreholes. The grouting volume of each grouting pipe is counted to ensure balanced grouting. The grout flowing out of the pipe or borehole is observed, which indicates that the grout height in the crushed stone layer has reached the height of the observation pipe or borehole. The grouting to the predetermined height is completed, and the observation pipe or borehole is sealed in time with a plug.

7. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The final structure is a composite false roof, which includes cement grouting inserted into the crushed stone layer, rubber plugs and trays. Cement grouting is injected into the crushed stone layer of a preset thickness. The rubber plugs are installed on the grouting pipes that have undergone cement grouting. The trays installed at the bottom of the grouting pipes are used to fix the top plate of the construction chamber to the upper crushed stone cementing layer.

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