Novel water turbine with vacuum acting, lever effect, inertia effect, impact groove, blades and rotating wheel

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel water turbine with vacuum acting, lever action, inertia action, impact groove combination, blade combination and runner combination, which is a key technology for constructing a zero-carbon park. On the basis of a lever principle blade type impact groove continuous multi-impact water turbine, a two-stage splayed combined blade is added in a runner impact groove, a vacuum component is added at the lower end of a bell-type casing, and vacuum is formed in the bell-type casing in a lossless manner in the process that water flow is discharged to the downstream through the siphon action of a throat pipe of the vacuum component after the runner does work. Compared with a traditional inclined-jet water turbine, the rotating speed of the rotating wheel doing work in vacuum can be increased by about 3.2 times in a lossless mode. The working water flow is discharged below the downstream water surface through the vacuum component, so that the drainage noise is eliminated; the structure and the function of the water turbine are not possessed by various traditional water turbines at present. The novel vacuum acting water turbine is composed of a rotating wheel, a main shaft, a clock type machine shell and a base ring. The rotating wheel is composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a first-stage impact blade, a second-stage splayed combined blade, a third-stage tail blade, a disc, a flange and a sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] It is a key technological field in building a zero-carbon park.

[0002] The invention belongs to the field of a new type of vacuum working water turbine.

[0003] The invention belongs to the field of a new type of water turbine with lever action, inertia action, vacuum work and eight-shaped combined blades and combined runners. Background Art

[0004] Upon inquiry, no identical background technology was found.

[0005] Currently, there are two types of turbines: impact type and impulse type, as well as pump turbines used in pumped storage power generation.

[0006] The reaction-type mixed-flow turbine units used in large and medium-sized hydropower stations around the world, including the world-leading Baihetan Hydropower Station and the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, have a rotor diameter that is several times larger than the runner diameter, which results in a several-fold reduction in the rotation speed and a several-fold reduction in the power generation efficiency; the runner uses fixed guide vanes and movable guide vanes to guide the working water flow, causing serious waste of water resources; the runner uses blades to convert the impact water flow into a reaction water flow, and the efficiency of the work done by the impact water flow is far lower than the power generation efficiency of the impact work done by the impact water flow. The above-mentioned many reasons have resulted in technical defects such as large waste of water resources, high water consumption rate for power generation, and low power generation efficiency.

[0007] High-head power stations around the world all use bucket-type impact turbines. The runner uses buckets and can only receive one water flow impact to do work, resulting in a large waste of water resources. The higher the water head, the greater the waste of water resources. The needle head set in the nozzle has a large impact loss on the high-speed water jet. The needle head used in the nozzle cannot form a stable water pressure, which seriously reduces the work efficiency. The high-speed water jet sprays into the bucket and instantly sprays out from the side. The hydraulic loss is large. The high-speed water jet sprays in from the front of the bucket and instantly rushes to the inside of the bucket root without doing work, causing hydraulic loss. It is blocked at the inside of the bucket root and sprayed to the back of the adjacent bucket, which not only does not do work but also generates resistance, seriously reducing the work efficiency. The water flow sprayed between the two buckets does not do work and is lost. The above reasons lead to serious waste of water resources, high water consumption rate for power generation, and low power generation efficiency.

[0008] When various traditional water turbines are in operation, their runners have the technical defect of low speed and low efficiency due to air resistance. Summary of the invention

[0009] It is a key technology for building a zero-carbon park.

[0010] A new type of water turbine using vacuum working lever action inertia action impact groove combined blade combined runner is manufactured, referred to as vacuum working new type water turbine.

[0011] The use of a new type of vacuum turbine can solve the technical defects of traditional turbines, such as large waste of water resources, high water consumption rate for power generation and low power generation efficiency.

[0012] The structure and function of the new type of turbine, which adopts vacuum working lever structure, inertia structure, impact groove structure, combined blade and combined runner, are not available in any other turbines in the world and are at the world's leading level.

[0013] The new vacuum-powered turbine uses figure-eight combined blades, which are more conducive to continuously receiving multiple impacts of high-speed water jets to perform work, thereby increasing the rotation speed without loss and improving the power generation efficiency without loss.

[0014] The new vacuum turbine can increase the rotation speed by about 3.2 times compared with the traditional oblique-impact turbine without loss, achieving a power generation efficiency increase of 3.2 without loss.

[0015] The vacuum is used to do work, and the water flow discharged by the work is input into the downstream below the water surface through the vacuum component for discharge, so as to solve the problem of drainage noise. Technical Solution

[0016] At present, large and medium-sized hydropower stations around the world, including my country's world-leading Baihetan Hydropower Station and Three Gorges Hydropower Station, all use mixed flow turbine units. The rotor diameter is several times longer than the runner diameter, which leads to a multiple reduction in the rotation speed and a multiple reduction in power generation efficiency. Fixed guide vanes and movable guide vanes are used to guide the working water flow, resulting in serious waste of water resources. The mixed flow turbine uses blades to convert the impact water flow into counter-flow water flow to do work, and its working efficiency is far lower than that of the impact water flow. The above-mentioned reasons lead to technical defects such as large waste of water resources, high water consumption rate for power generation and low power generation efficiency.

[0017] The use of a new type of vacuum turbine can solve the technical defect that the air resistance of various traditional turbine runners leads to low work efficiency.

[0018] The overall purpose is to build the key technology of zero-carbon park: the use of new vacuum turbine is to improve the power generation efficiency of hydropower station. In the absence of hydropower resources, cone device can also be used to provide new kinetic energy of high-speed water jet to drive power generation. The sewage treated by sewage stations across the country can be used for water storage circulation, and the cone device can be used to store water. The water storage capacity is determined according to the power of the unit. The million-kilowatt unit can store tens of thousands of cubic meters of water. The physical effect of the earth's gravity can be used to form tens of thousands of tons of gravity pressure, which can be used as renewable energy; the air-water booster cylinder set by the cone device is used, and the air in the cylinder can be compressed and stored by using the physical effect of tens of thousands of tons of gravity pressure. The air in the cylinder can be compressed by using the above tens of thousands of tons of gravity pressure to increase the water storage pressure. The combined nozzles and various multi-stage cone structure components set by the cone device can not only increase the water storage pressure by using the physical effect of the difference in the pressure cross-sectional area of ​​the upper and lower large and small openings of the cone structure, but also convert the above water storage pressure into new kinetic energy formed by high-speed water jets with tens of thousands of tons of pressure to drive the million-kilowatt unit to generate power. The use of sewage treated by sewage treatment plants as a water storage circulation resource solves the problem of resources needed for power generation. The use of a device to store water and the use of the earth's gravity can form tens of thousands of tons of gravitational pressure renewable energy, which can solve the energy needed for power generation. By using a series of physical effects, the use of the earth's gravity physical effect can convert the stored water into new kinetic energy formed by a high-speed water jet with tens of thousands of tons of gravitational pressure without loss, which can solve the kinetic energy needed for power generation. It is an effective way to solve the difficulties of energy development and the technical bottlenecks of power development, and it is also an effective way to solve the difficulties of energy development and the technical bottlenecks of power development. The use of the above series of physical effects is basic knowledge of physics and is recognized by people. The use of a series of physical effects to form new kinetic energy for power generation has created a new field of power generation, which is at the world's leading level, in line with the national innovation policy, and in line with the needs of national energy and power development. The continuous multi-stroke turbine based on the principle of the cone device lever has been patented separately. This application only involves a new type of turbine with a vacuum working lever structure, an inertial structure, an impact groove, a combined blade, and a combined runner.

[0019] In order to confirm the effect of increasing the speed of the new vacuum-powered water turbine, the speed of driving a traditional oblique-impact water turbine was used as a comparison. A 24-meter-high cone device was used to provide new kinetic energy of high-speed water jets to first drive the oblique-impact water turbine and then drive the new vacuum-powered water turbine. A tachometer was used to detect the speeds respectively to confirm the effect of increasing the speed of the new vacuum-powered water turbine.

[0020] On the basis of the lever principle blade type impact slot continuous multi-stroke water turbine, a secondary eight-shaped combined blade is added to the runner impact slot to achieve continuous and multiple high-speed water jet impact work. The lever structure inertia structure impact slot structure combined blade combined runner is formed. The lever principle blade type impact slot continuous multi-stroke water turbine has been patented by me before.

[0021] First-stage, second-stage and third-stage conical tube vacuum components of different specifications are added to the lower end of the bell-type casing. The water flow after the impeller does work is discharged to the downstream below the water surface through the throat siphon effect of the vacuum component, so that a vacuum is formed in the bell-type casing without loss, and the impeller does work in the vacuum, avoiding air resistance, achieving lossless increase in rotation speed, and achieving lossless improvement in power generation efficiency.

[0022] A vacuum component is used to discharge the drainage water below the downstream water surface through the vacuum component, thereby eliminating the drainage noise. Example

[0023] The vacuum working lever action inertia action impact groove combined blade combined runner new type water turbine, referred to as vacuum working new type water turbine, is composed of runner, main shaft, bell-type casing, base ring. The runner is composed of inner and outer rings, disc, sleeve, first-stage impact blade, second-stage eight-shaped combined blade, third-stage tail blade, and flange.

[0024] According to the outer ring of the runner described in

[0023] , the outer diameter of the outer ring of the runner is set according to the unit power and the runner diameter is larger than the unit rotor diameter. The thickness of the outer ring is set according to the weight of the outer ring inertia required by the unit power, and is made of steel plates by coil welding according to the set specifications.

[0025] According to the inner ring of the runner described in

[0023] , the outer diameter of the inner ring of the runner is set according to the unit power, the spacing between the inner and outer rings, and the thickness and outer diameter of the outer ring. Regarding the thickness of the inner ring, the thickness of the inner ring is set according to the unit power and the required inertia weight of the inner ring, and is made by steel plate coil welding according to the set specifications.

[0026] According to the disc of the runner described in

[0023] , the diameter of the disc is determined according to the inner diameter of the inner ring. The thickness of the disc is determined according to the power of the unit. Two discs of the same specification are made of steel plates according to the set specifications, and holes are drilled in the centers of the two discs according to the set specifications. The center holes of the two discs are aligned and fixedly welded to the two ends of the casing. According to the set positions of the two discs, the set specifications and the set number of holes are drilled, and after the inside is cleaned, the outer edges of the two discs are aligned and fixedly welded to the upper and lower ends of the inner ring to form an impact groove runner.

[0027] According to

[0023] , the secondary figure-eight combined blade is composed of two left and right blades, the left blade is at 130 degrees, and the right blade is at 50 degrees, and the small openings of the left and right blades are welded at two ends with a distance of 15 mm to 25 mm; the large openings of the left and right blades are equal to the width of the impact groove and are combined into a figure-eight combined blade, which is arranged in the middle section of the impact groove according to a set angle and a set number to form a secondary figure-eight combined blade.

[0028] According to the first-stage impact blade described in

[0023] , the impact blade height is set according to the impact groove width and the first-stage impact groove height. The blade thickness is set according to the unit power. The steel plate is made according to the set specifications and the set quantity. The first-stage impact blade is set at the upper section of the impact groove according to the set angle and the set quantity to form a first-stage impact blade.

[0029] According to the three-stage tail blade described in

[0023] , according to the width of the impact groove, according to the setting height of the three-stage tail blade of the impact groove, according to the setting thickness of the blade according to the unit power, it is made of steel plate according to the set specifications and the set quantity. According to the set angle and the set quantity, it is arranged in the lower section of the impact groove to form a three-stage tail blade, a second-stage eight-shaped combined blade, and a first-stage impact blade combined blade combined wheel.

[0030] According to the main shaft described in

[0023] , it is manufactured by the main shaft manufacturer according to the power of the unit. A vertical shaft is adopted, the lower end of the main shaft is connected to the runner by a flange, and the upper end of the main shaft is connected to the generator.

[0031] According to the bell housing described in

[0023] , the bell housing is set according to the power of the unit, the specifications of the runner and the shape, and is made of steel plate according to the set specifications. The lower opening is welded to the base ring.

[0032] According to the first-stage conical tube of the vacuum component described in

[0023] , the large opening diameter of the first-stage funnel-shaped conical tube of the vacuum component is set according to the lower opening diameter of the bell-shaped housing, and the large opening is welded to the base ring according to the set small opening diameter of the funnel-shaped tube and the height of the funnel-shaped conical tube. The small opening is connected to the large opening of the second-stage conical tube.

[0033] According to the secondary conical tube of the vacuum component described in

[0023] , the diameter of the large mouth of the secondary conical tube is set according to the diameter of the small mouth of the primary funnel-shaped conical tube, and the secondary conical tube is made by steel plate rolling and welding according to the set small mouth diameter and the set height. The large mouth of the secondary conical tube is connected to the small mouth of the primary funnel-shaped conical tube, and the small mouth is connected to the small mouth of the tertiary conical tube to form a throat-shaped conical tube.

[0034] According to the three-stage conical tube of the vacuum component

[0023] , the small mouth diameter of the three-stage conical tube is set according to the small mouth diameter of the second-stage conical tube, the large mouth diameter and the set height are set according to the three-stage conical tube, and it is made by steel plate rolling and welding, and its small mouth is connected with the small mouth of the second-stage conical tube, and its large mouth is extended to a depth of 50 mm to 150 mm below the downstream water surface to form a three-stage vacuum component.

[0035] According to the bell-shaped casing described in

[0031] , its lower opening is connected to the base ring, and its upper end is connected to the generator to form a bell-shaped casing vacuum space. It also forms a new type of water turbine unit with a vacuum working lever structure, an inertial structure, an impact groove, a combined blade, and a combined runner.

[0036] In order to detect the rotation speed of traditional oblique-impact turbine and new vacuum-powered turbine respectively, a cone device is used to provide new kinetic energy of high-speed water jet to drive 10kW traditional oblique-impact turbine unit and 10kW new vacuum-powered turbine unit respectively. A tachometer is used to detect the rotation speed of the above two types of turbines respectively. According to the detection results, the effect of increasing the rotation speed is compared.

[0037] The sewage treated by the sewage station can be used to store 12 cubic meters of water using a 24-meter-high cone device. The physical effect of the earth's gravity can be used to form a 12-ton gravity pressure renewable energy source. The air-water booster cylinder of the cone device uses the physical effect that the air in the booster cylinder can be compressed and stored, and the 12-ton gravity pressure of the stored water is used to compress the air in the cylinder to increase the water storage pressure. The combined nozzle, terminal pressure cone tube, and cone nozzle set by the cone device can be used to increase the water storage pressure by using the physical effect of the difference in the pressure cross-sectional area of ​​the upper and lower large and small openings of the above-mentioned multi-stage cone structure. The above-mentioned water storage pressure is converted into new kinetic energy of high-speed water jet with 12 tons of gravity pressure without loss, which first drives the 10-kilowatt traditional oblique-impact turbine to run at 496 revolutions, and then drives the new vacuum-powered turbine to run at 1588 revolutions. The test results show that the new turbine with vacuum-powered lever structure, inertial structure, impact groove structure, combined blade and combined runner can increase the speed by about 3.2 times compared with the traditional oblique-impact turbine. The test results show that the technical solution of this application is basically feasible. It is a key technology for building a zero-carbon park.

[0038] Using a new type of vacuum turbine to generate power in a hydropower station can increase the power generation efficiency by about 3.2 times. In the absence of water resources, the sewage treated by the sewage station can be used, and the cone device can be used to provide new kinetic energy of high-speed water jet under the action of the earth's gravity to drive the new type of vacuum turbine to generate power.

Claims

1. A new type of water turbine with vacuum working lever action inertia action impact groove combined blade combined runner, referred to as vacuum working new type water turbine. It is a key technology for building a zero-carbon park. On the basis of the lever principle blade impact groove continuous multi-stroke water turbine, a second-level eight-shaped combined blade is added to the runner impact groove, and a vacuum component is added to the lower end of the bell-type casing. The water flow after the runner works is discharged into the downstream through the throat siphon effect of the vacuum component, so that a vacuum is formed in the bell-type casing without loss, so that the runner works in a vacuum, reaching 1588 revolutions per minute, which is about 3.2 times higher than the speed of the traditional oblique impact water turbine. The working water flow is discharged below the downstream water surface through the vacuum component to eliminate the drainage noise; the vacuum working lever action inertia action impact groove structure combined blade combined runner new type water turbine is formed, and its structure and function are not available in various traditional water turbines at present. It can solve the technical defects of traditional water turbines such as large waste of water resources, high water consumption rate and low power generation efficiency. The vacuum working new type water turbine is composed of a runner, a main shaft, a bell-shaped casing, and a base ring. The runner is composed of inner and outer rings, a first-stage impact blade, a second-stage eight-shaped combined blade, a third-stage tail blade, a disc, a flange, and a casing.

2. The outer ring of the rotating wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the outer ring of the runner is set according to the unit power and the fact that the runner diameter is larger than the rotor diameter of the unit. The thickness of the outer ring is set according to the inertia weight required for the unit power, and then the outer ring is made by steel plate coil welding according to the set outer diameter and thickness of the outer ring.

3. The inner ring of the rotating wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the inner ring of the runner is set according to the unit power, the spacing between the inner and outer rings, the thickness of the outer ring, and the outer diameter of the outer ring. The thickness of the inner ring is set according to the inertia weight required for the unit power, and then according to the set outer diameter of the inner ring, the thickness of the inner ring is made of steel plate coil welding.

4. The disc of the rotating wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the disc is determined by the inner diameter of the inner ring. The thickness of the disc is determined by the power of the unit. Two discs of the same specification are made of steel plates according to the set specifications, and holes are drilled in the centers of the two discs according to the set specifications. The center holes of the two discs are aligned and fixedly welded to the two ends of the casing. The two discs are drilled at the set positions according to the set specifications and the set number. After cleaning the inside, the outer edges of the two discs are aligned and fixedly welded to the upper and lower ends of the inner ring to form an impact groove runner.

5. According to claim 1, the first-stage impact blade, the second-stage eight-shaped combined blade, and the third-stage tail blade are characterized by: In the impact groove formed by the inner and outer rings, a secondary eight-shaped blade is set in the middle section of the impact groove, a primary impact blade is set in the upper section of the impact groove, and a third-stage tail blade is set in the lower section of the impact groove. The specifications of various blades at each level are set according to the width and height of the impact groove and the power of the unit. The primary impact blade, the secondary eight-shaped blade, and the third-stage tail blade are set in the impact groove according to the set angle, set spacing, set number, and set position, forming a lever structure inertia structure impact groove combined blade combined wheel.

6. The bell housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the bell-type casing are determined according to the shape of the unit's power wheel and are made of steel plates or cast.

7. The main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the main shaft are determined according to the power of the unit and are manufactured by a professional manufacturer. The matching flange sleeve is also manufactured by a professional manufacturer. The main shaft is set vertically, the lower end of the main shaft is connected to the runner, fixed with flange screws, and the upper end of the main shaft is connected to the matching generator to form a new type of turbine unit.

8. The vacuum component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum component is composed of three levels of conical tubes of different specifications. The specifications of the three-level conical tube are determined according to the power of the unit and the diameter of the lower end of the bell-type casing. It is made of steel plate coil welding according to the set specifications. The large mouth of the first-level conical tube is connected to the lower mouth of the bell-type casing, the small mouth of the first-level conical tube is connected to the large mouth of the second-level conical tube, and the small mouth of the third-level conical tube is connected to the small mouth of the second-level conical tube to form a siphon throat. In the process of the water flow after the runner does work being discharged below the downstream water surface, a vacuum is formed in the bell-type casing without loss, so that the runner does work in a vacuum. The use of vacuum components to discharge the water flow after the runner does work below the downstream water surface can eliminate drainage noise.

9. During the demonstration power generation process and in actual operation, the structures of the various components described above can be continuously adjusted and modified, and the parameters of each structure can be modified, or related components can be added, or uses can be increased according to actual needs.