Fabricated building quality inspection method based on BIM

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings, and discloses a BIM-based fabricated building quality inspection method, which comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a detection platform system; s2, calibrating production information of the prefabricated part; s3, storing detection information of the prefabricated part; s4, on-site sampling inspection of the prefabricated parts; s5, detecting the hoisting process of the prefabricated part; and S6, recording a quality detection file. According to the method, a detection platform system is established on the basis of a BIM three-dimensional model, product information data of prefabricated parts are input in the production process, and transportation information is input in the transportation process; inputting detection information in a construction site, and uploading a sampling detection result to a detection platform system for comparative analysis; meanwhile, in the hoisting process, the prefabricated parts, hoisting equipment and a building in the assembling process are monitored, and a quality detection file record is formed; therefore, whole-course contrastive analysis detection is carried out in the production, transportation and hoisting processes, and the construction quality and the construction progress are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and in particular to a prefabricated building quality inspection method based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] As people's demand for high-quality, high-efficiency and sustainable buildings increases, prefabricated buildings are gaining more and more attention in the field of modern construction. Prefabricated buildings have developed rapidly due to their advantages such as short construction period, less environmental pollution and convenient operation. The construction process of prefabricated buildings mainly includes the factory processing and production stage, transportation stage and on-site hoisting stage. However, while ensuring the construction efficiency of prefabricated buildings, how to ensure quality has become an important issue; this requires testing of construction quality.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method and system (authorization announcement number CN117739882A). During the assembly and construction process of the prefabricated building, the patented technology performs synchronous inspections on the various components in the prefabricated building, analyzes and provides feedback on the detected problems, and coordinates other stages in the prefabricated building to handle and solve the problems encountered in the assembly and construction stage. It has the beneficial effect of high efficiency in solving problems during the construction process, but it is unable to compare the inspection results during processing, transportation and hoisting with the BIM model, which leads to low inspection efficiency and cannot effectively guarantee the construction quality and progress. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method comprises the following steps: S1. Establishment of the testing platform system: Build a BIM three-dimensional model based on the design data of the prefabricated building; on the basis of the BIM three-dimensional model, combined with the construction inspection standards, determine the inspection items and inspection specifications for each prefabricated component, and establish a testing platform system; S2. Calibration of prefabricated component production information: After the prefabricated components are produced and inspected by the factory, the production staff enters the product information of the prefabricated components into the detection platform system, and the detection platform system automatically generates a corresponding QR code for each component; the production staff then prints out the QR code and sticks it on the corresponding prefabricated component; after the prefabricated components are loaded, the transportation staff scans the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after verification, writes the transportation information of the prefabricated component; S3, storage of prefabricated component inspection information: after the prefabricated components are transported to the construction site, the construction personnel scan the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after rechecking, write the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the prefabricated component, and store them in the database of the inspection platform system. At the same time, the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the casting materials and connectors required in the assembly process are stored in the database; S4. On-site sampling inspection of prefabricated components: The construction, supervision and construction personnel jointly conduct sampling inspections on the prefabricated components piled on site and the castables and connectors required in the assembly process, and then upload the sampling inspection results to the inspection platform system; and compare and analyze the data stored in the database to analyze whether the error between the design value and the prefabricated components is within the allowable range; S5. Inspection of the hoisting process of prefabricated components: The construction party’s personnel arrange monitoring equipment at the construction site. During the hoisting process, they monitor the prefabricated components, hoisting equipment, and buildings in the assembly process. The monitoring results are uploaded to the inspection platform system in real time. The assembled building is compared and analyzed with the BIM 3D model to determine whether it meets the design requirements. If not, the component is marked, located, and warned in the BIM 3D model to remind the construction personnel to take corresponding measures; S6. Quality inspection file records: The inspection results of prefabricated components, castables, connectors and hoisting processes are imported into the inspection platform system for storage and form a quality inspection evaluation report.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: in the S1 step, the inspection items of the prefabricated components include appearance inspection, dimensional deviation measurement, material strength test and node connection inspection, wherein the items of appearance dimensional measurement include surface defects, linear deviation, flatness, and verticality; the methods of internal defect inspection include destructive testing and non-destructive testing; the items of material strength test include tensile test, compression test and bending test; the items of node connection inspection include column-column connection node, beam-column connection node, primary and secondary beam connection node and beam-column-wall connection node.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S2, the product information corresponding to the QR code on each component includes the component name, number, product batch, drawing, material, external dimensions and quality performance grade.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S5, the monitoring items for the prefabricated components and the lifting equipment include whether the lifting point and the lifting angle of the prefabricated components meet the lifting requirements, and whether a collision occurs during the lifting process of the prefabricated components.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S5, the monitoring items for the building in the assembly process include whether the position, size and appearance of the assembled building meet the design requirements.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step S5, the construction personnel can also use a handheld 3D scanner to perform 3D scanning on the local nodes of the building during the assembly process, obtain the local point cloud data of the building, and compare and analyze it with the BIM three-dimensional model to determine whether its local structure meets the design requirements.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention establishes a detection platform system based on the BIM three-dimensional model; enters product information of prefabricated components during the production process, enters transportation information during the transportation process; enters detection information at the construction site, and uploads sampling detection results to the detection platform system for comparative analysis; at the same time, during the hoisting process, the prefabricated components, hoisting equipment and buildings in the assembly process are monitored to form quality inspection file records; thereby, full-process comparative analysis and detection are carried out during the production, transportation and hoisting processes, effectively ensuring the construction quality and construction progress. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method includes the following steps: S1. Establishment of the testing platform system: Build a BIM three-dimensional model based on the design data of the prefabricated building; on the basis of the BIM three-dimensional model, combined with the construction inspection standards, determine the inspection items and inspection specifications for each prefabricated component, and establish a testing platform system; S2. Calibration of prefabricated component production information: After the prefabricated components are produced and inspected in the factory, the production staff enters the product information of the prefabricated components into the detection platform system, and the detection platform system automatically generates a corresponding QR code for each component; the production staff then prints out the QR code and sticks it on the corresponding prefabricated component; after the prefabricated components are loaded, the transportation staff scans the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after verification, writes the transportation information of the prefabricated component, such as transportation time, transportation route, transportation vehicle and personnel, and real-time location; S3, storage of prefabricated component inspection information: after the prefabricated components are transported to the construction site, the construction personnel scan the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after rechecking, write the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the prefabricated component, and store them in the database of the inspection platform system. At the same time, the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the casting materials and connectors required in the assembly process are stored in the database; S4. On-site sampling inspection of prefabricated components: The construction, supervision and construction personnel jointly conduct sampling inspections on the prefabricated components piled on site and the castables and connectors required in the assembly process, including on-site measurement and laboratory testing, and then upload the sampling inspection results to the inspection platform system; and compare and analyze the data stored in the database to analyze whether the error between the design value and the prefabricated components is within the allowable range. If it exceeds the allowable range, the manufacturer will be notified to take corresponding remedial measures. If the remedial measures still cannot meet the design requirements, they will be returned to the manufacturer; S5. Inspection of the hoisting process of prefabricated components: The construction party’s personnel arrange monitoring equipment at the construction site. During the hoisting process, they monitor the prefabricated components, hoisting equipment, and buildings in the assembly process. The monitoring results are uploaded to the inspection platform system in real time. The assembled building is compared and analyzed with the BIM 3D model to determine whether it meets the design requirements. If not, the component is marked, located, and warned in the BIM 3D model to remind the construction personnel to take corresponding measures; S6. Quality inspection document records: The inspection results of prefabricated components, castables, connectors and hoisting processes are imported into the inspection platform system for storage, and a quality inspection evaluation report is formed; this facilitates subsequent review and construction quality traceability, and provides a basis for future maintenance.

[0013] Preferably, in the step S1, the inspection items of the prefabricated components include appearance inspection, dimensional deviation measurement, material strength test and node connection inspection, wherein the items of appearance dimensional measurement include surface defects, linear deviation, flatness and verticality; such as inspecting whether the surface of the prefabricated components is peeling, cracked or deformed; the methods of internal defect inspection include destructive inspection and non-destructive inspection, wherein the non-destructive inspection means include ultrasonic inspection, electromagnetic inspection, radar inspection and impact echo inspection, and the destructive inspection means include core drilling verification or chiseling verification; the items of material strength test include tensile test, compression test and bending test, so as to ensure that the whole structure can work stably and reliably when bearing load; the items of node connection inspection include column-column connection node, beam-column connection node, primary and secondary beam connection node and beam-column-wall connection node, so as to ensure that the node connection is firm and reliable, otherwise it will affect the bearing capacity and structural stability of the whole building.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S2, the product information corresponding to the QR code on each component includes the component name, number, product batch, drawing, material, external dimensions and quality performance grade, such as surface quality grade, crack resistance grade, durability grade and bending resistance grade; the information parameters are calibrated after inspection and testing by the factory production personnel, so the construction party must also conduct random inspections after arriving at the construction site.

[0015] Preferably, in the step S5, the monitoring items for the prefabricated components and the lifting equipment include whether the lifting point and the lifting angle of the prefabricated components meet the lifting requirements, and whether a collision occurs during the lifting of the prefabricated components. If a collision occurs, the prefabricated components need to be re-tested to determine whether their internal structure is damaged and whether the strength meets the requirements.

[0016] Preferably, in the step S5, the monitoring items for the building in the assembly process include whether the position, size and appearance of the assembled building meet the design requirements; such as whether the verticality of the building meets the design requirements, and whether the appearance is flat and smooth.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the construction personnel can also use a handheld 3D scanner to perform 3D scanning on local nodes of the building during the assembly process, obtain local point cloud data of the building, and compare and analyze it with the BIM three-dimensional model to determine whether its local structure meets the design requirements; such as whether the position deviation of door and window holes is within a reasonable range.

[0018] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Establishment of the testing platform system: Build a BIM three-dimensional model based on the design data of the prefabricated building; on the basis of the BIM three-dimensional model, combined with the construction inspection standards, determine the inspection items and inspection specifications for each prefabricated component, and establish a testing platform system; S2. Calibration of prefabricated component production information: After the prefabricated components are produced and inspected by the factory, the production staff enters the product information of the prefabricated components into the detection platform system, and the detection platform system automatically generates a corresponding QR code for each component; the production staff then prints out the QR code and sticks it on the corresponding prefabricated component; after the prefabricated components are loaded, the transportation staff scans the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after verification, writes the transportation information of the prefabricated component; S3, storage of prefabricated component inspection information: after the prefabricated components are transported to the construction site, the construction personnel scan the QR code on each prefabricated component, and after rechecking, write the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the prefabricated component, and store them in the database of the inspection platform system. At the same time, the design parameters, inspection items, inspection methods, inspection standards and qualified standards of the casting materials and connectors required in the assembly process are stored in the database; S4. On-site sampling inspection of prefabricated components: The construction, supervision and construction personnel jointly conduct sampling inspections on the prefabricated components piled on site and the castables and connectors required in the assembly process, and then upload the sampling inspection results to the inspection platform system; And compare and analyze the data stored in the database to see whether the error between the data and the design value is within the allowable range; S5. Inspection of the hoisting process of prefabricated components: The construction party’s personnel arrange monitoring equipment at the construction site. During the hoisting process, they monitor the prefabricated components, hoisting equipment, and buildings in the assembly process. The monitoring results are uploaded to the inspection platform system in real time. The assembled building is compared and analyzed with the BIM 3D model to determine whether it meets the design requirements. If not, the component is marked, located, and warned in the BIM 3D model to remind the construction personnel to take corresponding measures; S6. Quality inspection file records: The inspection results of prefabricated components, castables, connectors and hoisting processes are imported into the inspection platform system for storage and form a quality inspection evaluation report.

2. The BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the inspection items of the prefabricated components include appearance inspection, dimensional deviation measurement, material strength test and node connection inspection, wherein the items of appearance dimensional measurement include surface defects, linear deviation, flatness and verticality; the methods of internal defect inspection include destructive testing and non-destructive testing; the items of material strength test include tensile test, compression test and bending test; the items of node connection inspection include column-column connection node, beam-column connection node, primary and secondary beam connection node and beam-column-wall connection node.

3. The BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the product information corresponding to the QR code on each component includes the component name, number, product batch, drawing, material, external dimensions and quality performance grade.

4. The BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the monitoring items for the prefabricated components and the hoisting equipment include whether the lifting point and the hoisting angle of the prefabricated components meet the hoisting requirements, and whether a collision occurs during the hoisting process of the prefabricated components.

5. The BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the monitoring items for the building in the assembly process include whether the position, size and appearance of the assembled building meet the design requirements.

6. The BIM-based prefabricated building quality inspection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the construction personnel can also use a handheld 3D scanner to perform 3D scanning on local nodes of the building during the assembly process, obtain local point cloud data of the building, and compare and analyze it with the BIM three-dimensional model to determine whether its local structure meets the design requirements.