A circuit breaker with a measurement function

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and discloses a circuit breaker with a measuring function, which comprises a shell, a circuit breaker system is arranged in the shell, terminals are uniformly arranged in the shell, a rotating rod is rotationally connected to the outer wall of the shell, a pinch handle is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod, metal plates are fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating rod in a symmetrical mode, a plurality of contact pieces are fixedly arranged on one side of the metal plates, the outer wall of the contact pieces is arranged at one end of the terminals, clamping grooves are arranged in the terminals, the contact pieces are located in the clamping grooves of the terminals, and a conducting rod is fixedly arranged on the other side of the metal plates. Through cooperation of the pinch handle, the rotating rod, the metal plates and the contact pieces, stable opening and closing operations can be realized, the operation structure is simplified, the opening and closing of the circuit breaker is realized through simple rotating operation of the pinch handle and the rotating rod, the fault risk caused by complex mechanical transmission is reduced, and the problem that the opening and closing of the circuit breaker is prone to faults is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker technology, specifically to a circuit breaker with measurement function. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power systems, circuit breakers are one of the key devices for ensuring the safety and stability of power supply. With the continuous expansion of power system scale, increasing complexity, and ever-improving requirements for power supply reliability and power quality, the functional limitations of traditional circuit breakers are gradually becoming apparent.

[0003] Traditional circuit breakers have a complex internal structure during opening and closing operations, involving the linkage of multiple components and complex mechanical transmission processes. This not only results in a relatively slow response speed for opening and closing operations, but also makes the complex internal structure prone to mechanical wear, jamming, and other faults during long-term operation, increasing the maintenance cost and difficulty of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a circuit breaker with measurement functions, which solves the problem of circuit breaker failures during opening and closing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a circuit breaker with measurement function through the following technical solution: A housing is included, a circuit breaker system is installed inside the housing, terminals are evenly arranged inside the housing, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing, a handle is fixedly provided at one end of the rotating rod, and metal plates are symmetrically fixedly provided at the other end of the rotating rod. A plurality of contact pieces are fixedly provided on one side of the metal plate, the outer wall of the contact pieces is located at one end of a terminal, a slot is provided inside the terminal, and the contact pieces are located within the slot of the terminal. A conductive rod is fixedly provided on the other side of the metal plate, a copper coil is provided at one end of the conductive rod, an electromagnet is provided on the inner wall of the copper coil, a spool is provided inside the electromagnet, a fixing rod is provided at the bottom end of the spool, one end of the fixing rod is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating rod, an arc-extinguishing plate is provided on the side wall of the metal plate, and the two sides of the arc-extinguishing plate are located on the inner wall of the housing.

[0006] Preferably, the circuit breaker system includes a measurement module, an intelligent control module, a communication module, an execution module, and a power supply module. The measurement module is used to collect the circuit breaker's operating status and surrounding environmental parameters, providing data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker. The intelligent control module is used to process the data from the measurement module. The communication module is used to realize the interconnection between the circuit breaker and external devices, and to perform data interaction in accordance with different protocols. The execution module is used to receive instructions from the intelligent control module and complete the opening and closing actions. The power supply module is used to provide stable and adaptable power and can convert different input power sources.

[0007] Preferably, the circuit breaker system is used for receiving electrical signals from the measurement module, intelligent control module, communication module, execution module and power module, and monitoring and feeding back the working state.

[0008] Preferably, the measurement module comprises a sensor unit, a harmonic measurement sub-module, a leakage current measurement sub-module and a non-contact measurement sub-module, wherein the sensor unit is used for sensing the physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature and humidity during the working of the circuit breaker, and providing accurate data basis for the measurement, control, protection and fault diagnosis functions.

[0009] Preferably, the harmonic measurement sub-module is used for sampling and spectrum analyzing the voltage and current signals, thereby accurately measuring the harmonic content, harmonic amplitude and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and providing data for evaluating the power quality, the leakage current measurement sub-module is used for detecting the leakage current in the line, thereby providing data support for ensuring the safety of electricity use, and the non-contact measurement sub-module is used for measuring the physical quantities of an object without directly contacting the object.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent control module comprises a microprocessor unit, a fault diagnosis and early warning unit and a self-adaptive protection unit, wherein the microprocessor unit is used for collecting and processing the data of the measurement module, running various algorithms of fault diagnosis and self-adaptive protection, coordinating the work of various modules in the system, storing programs, data and historical operation records, the fault diagnosis and early warning unit is used for real-time analyzing the operating parameters of the circuit breaker, quickly diagnosing the fault type, and timely issuing a warning when the fault probability exceeds a threshold value or an abnormality is found, and the self-adaptive protection unit is used for dynamically adjusting the protection threshold value according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively controlling the reclosing after the fault tripping according to the fault type and the state of the power grid, thereby ensuring the protection of the power system under different working conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the communication module comprises a protocol analysis and adaptation unit and a data transmission unit, wherein the protocol analysis and adaptation unit is used for analyzing the communication protocol, selecting and adapting a suitable protocol according to the demand, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly interact with other devices, and the data transmission unit is used for uploading the measurement data and operating state information of the circuit breaker to a distributed control center, and receiving the instructions of the control center, thereby ensuring the bidirectional flow of information.

[0012] Preferably, the execution module comprises an operating mechanism and a protection device, wherein the operating mechanism is used for receiving instructions, and driving the circuit breaker contacts to open and close, and the protection device is used for quickly triggering the circuit breaker to trip and cut off the circuit when the current and voltage abnormalities exceed the set threshold value.

[0013] Preferably, the power module comprises a power supply unit for converting input power, providing adapted multi-voltage for the circuit breaker module, and providing over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current protection.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor unit comprises current, voltage measurement for obtaining current, voltage size of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing data basis for fault judgment, power quality evaluation, control protection strategy, and temperature, humidity measurement for monitoring the operating environment of the circuit breaker to prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also for maintenance and performance evaluation of the equipment.

[0015] The present application provides a circuit breaker with measurement function. It has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The present application can realize stable opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker through the cooperation of the handle, rotating rod, metal plate and contact piece, simplifies the operation structure, realizes opening and closing of the circuit breaker through simple rotation operation of the handle and rotating rod, reduces the fault risk caused by complex mechanical transmission, and solves the problem of easy failure of opening and closing of the circuit breaker.

[0017] 2. The present application uses the sensor unit to provide real-time data for the circuit breaker to measure faults, which is beneficial to improve power quality and enhance stability of the power system, avoid electric shock accidents and electrical fires, and solve the problem of safety hazards in electricity use.

[0018] 3. The present application effectively reduces error actions through efficient processing of a large amount of data by the microprocessor unit, ensures stable and reliable operation of the circuit breaker in a complex and changeable power system, and solves the problem of unintelligent control of traditional circuit breakers.

[0019] 4. The present application can enable the distributed control center to master the dynamics of the circuit breaker in real time through wired or wireless transmission mode, and operation and maintenance personnel can make accurate decisions accordingly, timely adjust the operation strategy of the power system, and ensure the reliability and stability of power supply, solving the problem of limited information transmission.

[0020] 5. The present application realizes stable opening and closing of the contact piece and the terminal through electromagnetic driving, ensures normal on-off of the circuit breaker, meets the operation requirements of the power system under various working conditions, and solves the problem of low reliability of opening and closing operation.

[0021] 6. The present application can convert input power of different forms and different voltages into multi-stable voltage adapted to each module of the circuit breaker, ensuring normal work of each module in complex power environment, and solving the problem of power adaptation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front side perspective view of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is a partial stereogram of the shell of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial stereogram of the rotating rod of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 is a system module architecture diagram of the circuit breaker system of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is a system module architecture diagram of the measurement module of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a system module architecture diagram of the intelligent control module of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 is a system module architecture diagram of the communication module of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 is a system module architecture diagram of the execution module of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 is a system module architecture diagram of the power module of the present application.

[0031] Wherein, 1, shell; 2, terminal; 3, rotating rod; 4, handle; 5, arc extinguishing plate; 6, contact piece; 7, metal plate; 8, conducting rod; 9, copper coil; 10, fixed rod; 11, measurement module; 12, intelligent control module; 13, communication module; 14, execution module; 15, power module; 16, sensor unit; 17, harmonic measurement sub-module; 18, leakage current measurement sub-module; 19, non-contact measurement sub-module; 20, microprocessor unit; 21, fault diagnosis and early warning unit; 22, adaptive protection unit; 23, protocol analysis and adaptation unit; 24, data transmission unit; 25, operating mechanism; 26, protection device; 27, power supply unit; 28, circuit breaker system; 29, electromagnet; 30, spool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Embodiment:

[0034] Please refer to the drawings of the present application Figure 1 - the drawings of the present application Figure 3The embodiment of the present application provides a circuit breaker with a measurement function, which comprises a shell 1, a circuit breaker system 28 is arranged in the shell 1, a terminal 2 is uniformly arranged in the shell 1, a rotating rod 3 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the shell 1, a handle 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating rod 3, a metal plate 7 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the rotating rod 3, a plurality of contact pieces 6 are fixedly arranged on one side of the metal plate 7, the outer wall of the contact piece 6 is arranged at one end of the terminal 2, a clamping groove is arranged in the terminal 2, the contact piece 6 is arranged in the clamping groove of the terminal 2, a conducting rod 8 is fixedly arranged on the other side of the metal plate 7, a copper coil 9 is arranged at one end of the conducting rod 8, an electromagnet 29 is arranged on the inner wall of the copper coil 9, a wire spool 30 is arranged in the electromagnet 29, a fixing rod 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the wire spool 30, one end of the fixing rod 10 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating rod 3, an arc extinguishing plate 5 is arranged on the side wall of the metal plate 7, and the arc extinguishing plate 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1.

[0035] Specifically, when the current flows through the circuit breaker, the current passes through the copper coil 9. At this time, the strength of the current determines the magnetic force generated by the copper coil 9. Under the normal working current, the magnetic force generated by the copper coil 9 is small. However, when the overload occurs in the circuit, that is, the current is too large, the magnetic field force generated by the copper coil 9 is strong enough. This strong magnetic field will generate a force on the wire spool 30 located in the electromagnet 29, pulling the wire spool 30. After the wire spool 30 is pulled, the fixing rod 10 is pushed. Since one end of the fixing rod 10 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 3, the rotating rod 3 will rotate due to this pushing action, and then the metal plate 7 moves, causing the contact piece 6 to be separated from the clamping groove of the terminal 2, thereby cutting off the circuit and realizing electromagnetic overload protection. In the normal opening and closing operation, the operator rotates the handle 4 to drive the rotating rod 3 to rotate. The metal plate 7 at one end of the rotating rod 3 will move with the rotation of the rotating rod 3, and the contact piece 6 on the metal plate 7 cooperates with the terminal 2 through the clamping groove structure. When closing, rotating the handle 4 to rotate the rotating rod 3, the contact piece 6 is inserted into the clamping groove of the terminal 2, and the circuit is connected; when opening, reverse rotating the handle 4, the contact piece 6 is moved out of the clamping groove of the terminal 2, and the circuit is disconnected. When the opening and closing operation generates an electric arc, the arc extinguishing plate 5 on the side wall of the metal plate 7 starts to work. The arc extinguishing plate 5 uses its special material and shape to guide the electric arc to its surface. The electric arc on the arc extinguishing plate 5 will be rapidly cooled and divided, so that the electric arc is extinguished, avoiding damage to the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2.

[0036] Through the precise cooperation of the components such as the pinch handle 4, the rotating rod 3, the metal plate 7 and the contact piece 6, relatively accurate and stable on-off operation can be realized. The operating personnel can control the on-off state of the circuit breaker more easily by rotating the pinch handle 4. In the on-off operation of the traditional circuit breaker, on-off failure may occur due to the complex mechanical structure, unstable contact of the contact piece and other reasons. By simplifying the operation structure, the on-off operation is realized by the simple rotation operation of the pinch handle 4 and the rotating rod 3, the failure risk caused by the complex mechanical transmission is reduced, and the problem that the on-off failure of the circuit breaker is prone to occur is solved.

[0037] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 - the accompanying drawings Figure 9 The circuit breaker system 28 includes a measurement module 11, an intelligent control module 12, a communication module 13, an execution module 14 and a power supply module 15. The measurement module 11 is used to collect the working state of the circuit breaker and the surrounding environmental parameters to provide data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker. The intelligent control module 12 is used to process the data of the measurement module 11. The communication module 13 is used to realize the interconnection and intercommunication of the circuit breaker and external devices, and to interact data with different protocols. The execution module 14 is used to receive the instructions of the intelligent control module 12 to complete the on-off action. The power supply module 15 is used to provide stable and adaptive power supply, and can convert different input power. The circuit breaker system 28 is used to receive the electric signals sent by the measurement module 11, the intelligent control module 12, the communication module 13, the execution module 14 and the power supply module 15, and to monitor and feedback the working state.

[0038] Specifically, the circuit breaker system 28 cooperates to work. The measurement module 11 collects the working state of the circuit breaker and the surrounding environmental parameters. For example, the sensor unit 16 measures the current and voltage by electromagnetic induction, measures the temperature and humidity by thermistor, the harmonic measurement sub-module 17 analyzes the voltage and current spectrum by algorithm, the leakage current measurement sub-module 18 monitors the leakage current by mutual inductor, and the non-contact measurement sub-module 19 measures physical quantities by non-contact means. The data is transmitted to the intelligent control module 12. The intelligent control module 12 processes the data. The microprocessor unit 20 comprehensively judges the running state according to the algorithm. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 gives an early warning when the fault probability exceeds the standard or the parameters are abnormal. The self-adaptive protection unit 22 adjusts the protection threshold according to the load and controls the reclosing. The communication module 13 connects the circuit breaker and the external devices. The protocol analysis and adaptation unit 23 analyzes and adapts the protocol. The data transmission unit 24 transmits data to the control center by wired or wireless technology. The execution module 14 operates according to the instructions of the intelligent control module 12. The operating mechanism 25 drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate, drives the metal plate 7 to move, makes the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2 on-off, and the protection device 26 cuts off the circuit when the current and voltage exceed the threshold. The power supply module 15 supplies power. The power supply unit 27 receives power and provides adaptive voltage for each module through conversion, and guarantees stability by protection circuit.

[0039] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 - the accompanying drawingsFigure 5 The measurement module 11 includes a sensor unit 16, a harmonic measurement sub-module 17, a leakage current measurement sub-module 18, and a non-contact measurement sub-module 19. The sensor unit 16 is used to sense the physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature, and humidity during the operation of the circuit breaker, and to provide accurate data for measurement, control, protection, and fault diagnosis functions. The harmonic measurement sub-module 17 is used to sample and analyze the frequency spectrum of voltage and current signals, thereby accurately measuring the harmonic content, amplitude, and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and providing data for power quality evaluation. The leakage current measurement sub-module 18 is used to detect the leakage current in the line, providing data support for electrical safety. The non-contact measurement sub-module 19 is used to measure the physical quantities of an object without direct contact with the object.

[0040] Specifically, the measurement module 11 operates as a whole, in which the sensor unit 16 internally uses electromagnetic induction principles. The current through the conductor causes the magnetic field around the sensor to change, and the induction coil converts this into an electrical signal to measure the current. The voltage value is obtained in proportion by the voltage dividing resistor. The resistance value of the thermistor changes with temperature, and the temperature is reflected through circuit conversion. The humidity value is obtained by the humidity capacitor changing the capacitance value, and the humidity is converted by the supporting circuit. The physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature, and humidity during the operation of the circuit breaker are captured in real time and data is transmitted. The harmonic measurement sub-module 17 first uses a high-precision sampling circuit to sample voltage and current signals at equal intervals to obtain discrete sample sequences. Then, the time-domain signal is converted to the frequency domain using the fast Fourier transform algorithm to accurately measure the harmonic content, amplitude, and phase of each harmonic in the power grid. The leakage current measurement sub-module 18 uses a high-sensitivity zero-sequence current transformer to surround the phase line and neutral line. When there is no leakage, the vector sum of the phase line and neutral line currents is zero, and there is no induced current. When there is leakage, the vector sum is non-zero. The transformer uses electromagnetic induction to produce a secondary-side induced current proportional to the leakage current. The leakage current is accurately detected and data is transmitted after amplification and filtering. The non-contact measurement sub-module 19 uses electromagnetic induction to measure current. The induction coil near the conductor generates an electromotive force due to the alternating magnetic field, and the current value is obtained by conversion. Other physical quantities are measured by optical sensors that emit and receive light. The relevant physical quantities are calculated based on the reflection, refraction, or blocking of light, and the optical algorithm is used to obtain physical quantity information without contacting the measured object.

[0041] The real-time data from the sensor unit 16 is used for circuit breaker measurement, control, protection, and fault diagnosis. The data from the harmonic measurement sub-module 17 provides a basis for power quality evaluation, which improves power quality and enhances power system stability. The leakage current measurement sub-module 18 detects leakage current in a timely manner to ensure electrical safety and prevent electric shock accidents and electrical fires. The non-contact measurement sub-module 19 expands the measurement range, ensuring safe and convenient measurement in special scenarios, and solving the problem of potential safety hazards in electrical use.

[0042] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 , attached Figure 6The intelligent control module 12 includes a microprocessor unit 20, a fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21, and an adaptive protection unit 22. The microprocessor unit 20 is used to collect and process data from the measurement module 11, run various algorithms for fault diagnosis and adaptive protection, coordinate the work of various modules in the system, and store programs, data, and historical operation records. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 is used to analyze the circuit breaker operating parameters in real time, quickly diagnose fault types, and issue early warnings in a timely manner when the fault probability exceeds the threshold or an anomaly is detected. The adaptive protection unit 22 is used to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively control the reclosing according to the fault type and the grid status after the fault trip, so as to ensure that the circuit breaker protects the power system safety under different operating conditions.

[0043] Specifically, the intelligent control module 12 operates collaboratively, and the microprocessor unit 20 receives data such as current, voltage, temperature, humidity, harmonics, and leakage current from the measurement module 11, and analyzes and organizes it using built-in data processing algorithms. It runs a fault diagnosis algorithm according to preset program logic, judging whether the data is abnormal by comparing it with the normal operating parameter range, and simultaneously runs an adaptive protection algorithm to determine appropriate protection thresholds based on load current, voltage fluctuations, etc. Regarding the coordination of module operations, the microprocessor unit 20 communicates with other units via the data bus, sending control commands to ensure the orderly operation of each module, and stores the program, real-time data, and historical operation records in its internal memory. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 acquires the operating parameters processed by the microprocessor unit 20 in real time. Once it detects that the parameters deviate from the normal range, the fault probability exceeds the threshold, or there is prolonged current overload or voltage drop, it immediately determines the fault type quickly according to preset fault type discrimination rules and issues an early warning to maintenance personnel through an audible and visual alarm device or the communication module 13. The adaptive protection unit 22 dynamically adjusts the protection threshold based on the load information provided by the microprocessor unit 20, appropriately increasing the overcurrent protection threshold when the load increases and decreasing it accordingly when the load decreases. After a fault trip, based on the fault type determined by the fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21, and combined with the real-time status of the power grid, such as the recovery status of the power grid voltage and whether the short circuit point has been eliminated, the reclosing operation is adaptively controlled according to the pre-set reclosing strategy to decide whether to reclose immediately, how long to delay reclosing, or not to reclose at all.

[0044] The microprocessor unit 20 efficiently processes large amounts of data, providing a basis for circuit breaker operation. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit 21 promptly detects potential faults and issues warnings, allowing maintenance personnel to intervene in advance. The adaptive protection unit 22 dynamically adjusts the protection strategy according to the operating conditions, effectively reducing erroneous actions and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the circuit breaker in complex and ever-changing power systems. This solves the problem of unintelligent control in traditional circuit breakers.

[0045] Please see the appendix Figure 4 AppendixFigure 7 The communication module 13 comprises a protocol analysis and adaptation unit 23 and a data transmission unit 24. The protocol analysis and adaptation unit 23 is used to analyze the communication protocol, select and adapt the appropriate protocol according to the needs, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly interact with other devices. The data transmission unit 24 is used to upload the measurement data and operating state information of the circuit breaker to the distributed control center, and receive the instructions of the control center, to ensure the bidirectional flow of information.

[0046] Specifically, the communication module 13 cooperates with the operation, and when the protocol analysis and adaptation unit 23 receives the communication data from the external device, it first identifies the protocol identification information carried by the data packet header, analyzes the common power communication protocol and some custom protocols according to the built-in protocol analysis library, disassembles the received data according to the corresponding protocol rules, and extracts the key information such as data type, data length, source address, and destination address. Then, according to the needs of the circuit breaker and the target device interaction, select the appropriate protocol conversion scheme from the adaptation strategy table, and encapsulate the data to be sent according to the protocol format supported by the target device, to ensure that the data format matches and the communication is smooth. The data transmission unit 24 adopts a combination of wired and wireless transmission methods. The wired part uses RS485, Ethernet and other interfaces, and sets the communication rate, data bits, stop bits, and check bits according to the parameters, to package the measurement data of the circuit breaker, such as current, voltage, and harmonic content, and the operating state information, including the on-off state, fault alarm state, etc., into data frames, and upload them to the distributed control center through physical cables. The wireless part uses Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 4G / 5G, etc. Within the signal coverage range, the data frames are also sent out, to deal with some wiring inconvenience or mobile transmission scenarios. At the same time, the data transmission unit 24 is always listening to the instructions from the control center, and once it receives the instructions, it immediately parses them according to the receiving protocol, and passes the effective instructions to the intelligent control module 12 to perform corresponding operations, to ensure smooth bidirectional flow of information.

[0047] Through wired or wireless transmission methods, the distributed control center can real-time master the dynamics of the circuit breaker, and the operation and maintenance personnel can make accurate decisions accordingly, timely adjust the operation strategy of the power system, and ensure the reliability and stability of the power supply, solving the problem of limited information transmission.

[0048] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 , attached Figure 8 The execution module 14 comprises an operating mechanism 25 and a protection device 26. The operating mechanism 25 is used to receive instructions and drive the circuit breaker contacts to open and close. The protection device 26 is used to quickly trigger the circuit breaker to trip and cut off the circuit when the current and voltage exceed the set threshold.

[0049] Specifically, the execution module 14 works closely together. After receiving the opening and closing command from the intelligent control module 12, the operating mechanism 25 immediately energizes its internal electromagnetic coil. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the energized coil generates a magnetic field, which attracts the magnet and drives the connected transmission rod to move. The transmission rod then drives the rotating rod 3 to rotate, and the rotating rod 3 drives the metal plate 7 to move, so that the contact piece 6 and the terminal 2 complete the precise opening and closing action. The protection device 26 monitors the current and voltage in the circuit in real time and collects current and voltage signals using current transformers and voltage transformers. When the signal is processed and shows that the current or voltage is abnormal and exceeds the set threshold, the electromagnetic trip device will act instantly, relying on electromagnetic force to drive the tripping mechanism, so that the contact piece 6 quickly separates from the terminal 2 to cut off the circuit.

[0050] The operating mechanism 25 achieves stable opening and closing of the contact 6 and terminal 2 through electromagnetic drive, ensuring the circuit breaker can normally switch the circuit and meet the operational requirements of the power system under various operating conditions. The protection device 26 can quickly detect and respond to abnormal current and voltage, and can cut off the circuit instantly when a fault occurs, preventing the fault from spreading and protecting power equipment and lines from excessive current and voltage impacts, thus solving the problem of low reliability of opening and closing operation.

[0051] Please see the appendix Figure 4 Appendix Figure 9 The power module 15 includes a power supply unit 27, which is used to convert the input power supply, provide multiple voltages to the circuit breaker module, and provide overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection.

[0052] Specifically, after the power supply unit 27 of power module 15 is connected to an external input power source, if it is AC, it is first converted to DC by a rectifier bridge. Utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of diodes, both the positive and negative half-cycles of the AC are converted to DC in the same direction. Then, a filter capacitor filters out noise in the DC, making the voltage waveform smoother and obtaining a relatively stable DC voltage. If it is DC, it is similarly filtered to improve power quality. Afterwards, a buck or boost switching converter is used to adjust the output voltage according to the needs of different modules, such as the microprocessor unit 20 requiring low-voltage DC (3.3V, 5V, etc.) and the electromagnetic drive components requiring higher-voltage DC. The switching converter utilizes the cooperation of inductors, capacitors, and switching transistors to store energy when the switching transistors are on and release energy when they are off, thus achieving voltage conversion. Meanwhile, the power supply unit 27 has built-in overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection circuits. Overvoltage protection monitors the output voltage in real time through a voltage comparator. When the voltage is higher than the set upper limit, it immediately controls the switching transistor to stop working or adjusts the duty cycle to reduce the output voltage. Undervoltage protection works similarly, and protection is activated when the voltage is lower than the lower limit. Overcurrent protection uses a current transformer to detect the current. When the current exceeds the threshold, it quickly cuts off the circuit or limits the current to prevent damage to the equipment.

[0053] The power module 15 can convert different forms and different voltage input power into a plurality of stable voltages suitable for each module of the circuit breaker, ensuring that each module works normally in a complex power environment and solving the problem of power adaptation.

[0054] Please refer to the attached Figure 5 The sensor unit 16 includes current, voltage measurement, temperature, humidity measurement, current and voltage measurement for obtaining the current and voltage of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing a data basis for fault judgment, power quality evaluation and control protection strategy, temperature and humidity measurement for monitoring the operating environment of the circuit breaker to prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also for equipment maintenance and performance evaluation.

[0055] Specifically, the sensor unit 16 cooperates, the current measurement part is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, when the current flows through the conductor, a magnetic field is generated around it, the inductive coil in the current sensor is placed in the magnetic field, the change of the magnetic field causes the inductive coil to generate an induced electromotive force, the size of the electromotive force is related to the strength of the current, through a specific circuit, the electromotive force is converted, amplified and analog-digital converted, and the current value is accurately obtained. The voltage measurement uses the principle of voltage dividing resistor, the high-precision voltage dividing resistor is connected in series in the circuit, the measured voltage is divided in proportion, and then the voltage signal after voltage division is processed by voltage follower, operational amplifier and other circuits to adjust it into a measurable standard signal, and then the voltage is accurately measured. The temperature measurement utilizes the characteristics of thermistor, the resistance value changes with the change of environmental temperature, the thermistor is connected to the bridge circuit, the temperature change causes the bridge to be unbalanced, the generated electric signal is amplified, filtered and analog-digital converted to obtain the accurate temperature value. The humidity measurement relies on the humidity-sensitive capacitor, the change of environmental humidity changes the capacitance value of the humidity-sensitive capacitor, the capacitor is part of the oscillation circuit, the change of humidity causes the change of oscillation frequency, and then the humidity data is obtained through the frequency detection and conversion circuit. These measurement data are transmitted to the subsequent related modules in real time.

[0056] The data obtained by current and voltage measurement helps the operation and maintenance personnel to accurately judge whether the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power system. Temperature and humidity measurement can help the operation and maintenance personnel to know the operating environment of the circuit breaker in real time, prevent abnormal temperature and humidity in advance, and prolong the service life of the equipment.

[0057] Working principle: Through the close cooperation of each module of the circuit breaker system, efficient and intelligent operation is realized. In the measurement module, the sensor unit accurately senses current, voltage, temperature, and humidity with the help of electromagnetic induction, voltage dividing resistor, thermistor, and humidity-sensitive capacitor; the harmonic measurement sub-module uses the fast Fourier transform algorithm to analyze voltage and current spectrum to obtain harmonic information; the leakage current measurement sub-module monitors leakage current with a zero sequence current transformer; the non-contact measurement sub-module measures physical quantities using electromagnetic or optical means and transmits data to the intelligent control module. In the intelligent control module, the microprocessor unit processes data, runs algorithms, coordinates modules, and stores information; the fault diagnosis and early warning unit analyzes parameters in real time, diagnoses faults, and provides early warning; the adaptive protection unit adjusts protection thresholds and reclosing strategies according to load and fault conditions. In the communication module, the protocol analysis and adaptation unit analyzes and adapts protocols, and the data transmission unit interacts with external data in wired or wireless mode. In the execution module, the operating mechanism drives the contact to open and close the circuit with electromagnetic or motor drive, and the protection device quickly cuts off the circuit when the current and voltage are abnormal. The power supply module converts the input power supply to provide adaptive voltage for each module and provides power protection.

[0058] While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described with reference to particular embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker with measurement function, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A circuit breaker system (28) is installed inside the housing (1). Terminals (2) are evenly arranged inside the housing (1). A rotating rod (3) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the housing (1). A handle (4) is fixedly provided at one end of the rotating rod (3). A metal plate (7) is symmetrically fixedly provided at the other end of the rotating rod (3). Several contact pieces (6) are fixedly provided on one side of the metal plate (7). The outer wall of the contact piece (6) is provided at one end of the terminal (2). A slot is provided inside the terminal (2). The contact piece (6) is located at the terminal (2). Inside the slot of the metal plate (7), a conductive rod (8) is fixedly installed on the other side of the metal plate (7). A copper coil (9) is installed at one end of the conductive rod (8). An electromagnet (29) is installed on the inner wall of the copper coil (9). A bobbin (30) is installed inside the electromagnet (29). A fixing rod (10) is installed at the bottom end of the bobbin (30). One end of the fixing rod (10) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating rod (3). An arc-extinguishing plate (5) is installed on the side wall of the metal plate (7). The two sides of the arc-extinguishing plate (5) are installed on the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

2. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit breaker system (28) includes a measurement module (11), an intelligent control module (12), a communication module (13), an execution module (14), and a power supply module (15). The measurement module (11) is used to collect the circuit breaker's operating status and surrounding environmental parameters to provide data support for the intelligent operation of the circuit breaker. The intelligent control module (12) is used to process the data from the measurement module (11). The communication module (13) is used to realize the interconnection between the circuit breaker and external devices and to perform data interaction with different protocols. The execution module (14) is used to receive instructions from the intelligent control module (12) and complete the opening and closing actions. The power supply module (15) is used to provide stable and adaptable power and can convert different input power sources.

3. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit breaker system (28) is used to receive electrical signals from the measurement module (11), intelligent control module (12), communication module (13), execution module (14), and power supply module (15), and to monitor and provide feedback on the working status.

4. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measurement module (11) includes a sensor unit (16), a harmonic measurement submodule (17), a leakage current measurement submodule (18), and a non-contact measurement submodule (19). The sensor unit (16) is used to sense the physical quantities of current, voltage, temperature, and humidity when the circuit breaker is working, and to provide accurate data for measurement, control, protection, and fault diagnosis functions.

5. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The harmonic measurement submodule (17) is used to sample and analyze the voltage and current signals to accurately measure the harmonic content, amplitude and phase of each harmonic in the power grid, and to provide data for evaluating power quality. The leakage current measurement submodule (18) is used to detect leakage current in the line and to provide data support for ensuring power safety. The non-contact measurement submodule (19) is used to measure the physical quantity of an object without direct contact with the object being measured.

6. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent control module (12) includes a microprocessor unit (20), a fault diagnosis and early warning unit (21), and an adaptive protection unit (22). The microprocessor unit (20) is used to collect and process data from the measurement module (11), run various algorithms for fault diagnosis and adaptive protection, coordinate the work of each module in the system, and store programs, data, and historical operation records. The fault diagnosis and early warning unit (21) is used to analyze the circuit breaker operating parameters in real time, quickly diagnose fault types, and issue early warnings in a timely manner when the fault probability exceeds the threshold or an anomaly is detected. The adaptive protection unit (22) is used to dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the load condition of the circuit breaker, and adaptively control the reclosing according to the fault type and the grid status after the fault trip, so as to ensure that the circuit breaker protects the safety of the power system under different operating conditions.

7. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module (13) includes a protocol parsing and adaptation unit (23) and a data transmission unit (24). The protocol parsing and adaptation unit (23) is used to parse the communication protocol, select and adapt the appropriate protocol according to the requirements, so that the circuit breaker can smoothly interact with other devices. The data transmission unit (24) is used to upload the circuit breaker's measurement data and operating status information to the distributed control center and receive the instructions from the control center to ensure bidirectional information flow.

8. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The execution module (14) includes an operating mechanism (25) and a protection device (26). The operating mechanism (25) is used to receive instructions and drive the circuit breaker contacts to open and close. The protection device (26) is used to quickly trigger the circuit breaker to trip and disconnect the circuit when the current or voltage abnormally exceeds the set threshold.

9. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power module (15) includes a power supply unit (27), which is used to convert the input power supply, provide the circuit breaker module with a variety of voltages, and provide overvoltage, undervoltage and overcurrent protection.

10. A circuit breaker with measurement function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor unit (16) includes current and voltage measurement, temperature and humidity measurement. The current and voltage measurement is used to obtain the current and voltage of the circuit where the circuit breaker is located, providing a data basis for fault diagnosis, power quality assessment and control protection strategy. The temperature and humidity measurement is used to monitor the circuit breaker's operating environment, prevent faults caused by abnormal temperature and humidity, and also to evaluate the equipment's maintenance and performance.

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