A straw separating and crushing integrated machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a straw separating and crushing integrated machine, belonging to the technical field of agricultural crushing; it includes: a straw separating component, a conveying component, and a crushing component; the feeding end of the conveying component is correspondingly located below the straw separating component, and the inlet position of the crushing component is correspondingly located at the discharging end of the conveying component; a impurity removing component is also arranged on the conveying component. In the present invention, the conveying component conveys the preliminarily processed straw into the crushing component for crushing operation; through the integrated design of straw separation and crushing, good and stable operation effects are ensured; the impurity removing component arranged on the conveying component adsorbs the mixed metal substances and sends them to the outside; a multi-stage crushing mechanism is designed to ensure the crushing effect; with the cooperation of each structure, good conveying and crushing effects are achieved; the rotationally arranged blade cylinder finely crushes the straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural crushing, and particularly relates to a straw grass separation and crushing integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] In agriculture, straw is a by-product with a huge output; processing and reusing it can obtain relatively large economic benefits. At present, people mostly crush straw for utilization; for example, for biomass power generation, feed processing, etc. Therefore, a large number of straw crushing devices have been designed.

[0003] For example, the patent with the application number 202310025123X discloses a straw feed crushing and processing device including a housing, a leaf removing mechanism, a segmentation mechanism, two extrusion mechanisms, and two pulp removing mechanisms; the separated straw skin and pulp can be well utilized. The patent with the application number 2023235107066 discloses a crushing and mixing device for straw to produce biogas, including a crushing bin, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder. The crushing bin, the first cylinder, and the second cylinder are connected in sequence. A first rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the first cylinder, and a first spiral blade, a first cutting knife, and an Anei grinding disc are installed on the first rotating shaft. The patent with the application number 2020103438780 discloses a straw crushing, cleaning, and removing device, including a straw transfer mechanism. A storage mechanism is installed on one side of the straw transfer mechanism, and a main body connecting frame is installed outside the bottom end of the straw transfer mechanism. A soil and grass separation mechanism is installed on one side of the main body connecting frame.

[0004] The above-mentioned disclosed solutions and related products on the market can all crush straw. However, they do not consider reasonable grass separation for straw, and the uneven feeding during the crushing operation directly affects the effect; and during the crushing process, it is mostly a simple primary process or a slightly more complex secondary process; the overall crushing efficiency is low and the crushing effect is average; some devices also require additional other devices for subsequent processing after crushing, increasing the operation cost and labor intensity.

[0005] Therefore, researching and developing an efficient and reliable straw grass separation and crushing integrated machine is of great significance for improving the straw processing efficiency and ensuring the processing effect, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art, and a straw grass separation and crushing integrated machine is proposed.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A straw sorting and crushing integrated machine comprises: a straw sorting component, a conveying component, and a crushing component; the feeding end of the conveying component corresponds to the lower part of the straw sorting component, and the inlet position of the crushing component corresponds to the discharge end of the conveying component;

[0009] The conveying component is also provided with a debris removal component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the grass separating assembly includes: a frame and a collecting hopper located at an upper position of the frame, with an open lower end and provided with a grass separating roller;

[0011] One side of the lower end of the collecting hopper is set as an arc plate, and the other side is set as a multi-fold plate; a hinged plate is swingably set below the multi-fold plate; the hinged plate cooperates with the arc plate to form a grass separation outlet;

[0012] The slope of each panel of the multi-fold plate gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a multi-level downward expansion shape.

[0013] In some embodiments, the grass separating roller includes: a central cylinder, a plurality of mounting plates surrounding and fixed on the central cylinder, and blades mounted on the mounting plates;

[0014] A plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on one end of the mounting plate away from the blade.

[0015] In some embodiments, the impurity removal assembly includes: a circulating belt mounted on a support body, and a plurality of electromagnets arranged at intervals on the circulating belt;

[0016] The electromagnets are arranged along the width direction of the circulating belt and are provided with electric contacts extending outward; the lower end of the bracket body is provided with a conductive strip matched with the electric contacts.

[0017] In some embodiments, a card-mounting seat is provided on the inner wall of the conveying component, and both ends of the permanent magnet rod are placed in the card-mounting seat.

[0018] In some embodiments, the comminution assembly includes: a material shifting assembly, a primary crushing assembly, a fine crushing assembly and a material discharging assembly which are arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0019] In some embodiments, the material shifting assembly includes: a material shifting box with front and rear openings, and a material gathering roller that is cooperatively arranged in the material shifting box and rotates;

[0020] The material gathering roller is symmetrically provided with two sections of augers with opposite rotation directions; there is a gap between the augers at both ends, and two gear shifting plates are symmetrically provided in the gap area.

[0021] In some embodiments, the primary crushing assembly includes: a large crushing roller and a small crushing roller arranged above the inside of the shell, and a rear pulley and a flat roller arranged below;

[0022] The large crushing roller and the small crushing roller are surrounded by tooth blades extending in the axial direction;

[0023] A plurality of folding plates connected front and back are arranged around the rear dial; the folding plates form a force application surface for pushing backwards.

[0024] In some embodiments, the shredding assembly includes: a blade cylinder rotatably arranged inside the shell; and a plurality of groups of shredding knives arranged in a herringbone pattern are arranged around the blade cylinder.

[0025] In some embodiments, the feed inlet of the fine crushing component is provided with a front plate; and the top end of the front plate is equipped with a wear-resistant block.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a straw sorting and crushing all-in-one machine, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0027] 1. In the present invention, the conveying component conveys the preliminarily processed straw to the crushing component, and then the crushing operation is carried out; through the integrated design of straw separation and crushing, the operation effect is guaranteed to be good and stable.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, as the grass-separating roller rotates, the straw is adjusted to fall onto the conveying assembly relatively neatly along the axial direction of the grass-separating roller; the grass-separating roller bag has a larger shifting surface, and cuts some of the straw into smaller segments when shifting the straw, thereby enhancing the grass-separating effect.

[0029] 3. In the present invention, a cleaning component is arranged on the conveying component to absorb the mixed metal substances and send them to the outside; a plurality of permanent magnetic bars are arranged between the inclined baffles to cooperate in multi-stage cleaning; and a load-bearing trigger is used to determine the operating state of the permanent magnetic bars.

[0030] 4. The present invention is designed with a multi-stage crushing mechanism to ensure the crushing effect; an auger is arranged on the gathering roller to gather the straw to the middle position, and cooperates with the toothed plate to facilitate the subsequent crushing operation; the large crushing roller and the small crushing roller arranged on the upper part of the shell body, as well as the rear pulley and the flat roller arranged on the lower part, work together to transport the straw backwards; the coordination of various structures has a good conveying and crushing effect.

[0031] 5. In the present invention, a gear box is provided on each side of the primary crushing component to better maintain the force balance and reduce the wear of the equipment operation; the rotating blade cylinder crushes the straw finely; the shredders arranged in a herringbone shape disperse the straw to both ends in an inclined form to better ensure the crushing effect; the top of the front plate is equipped with a wear-resistant block to improve the overall maintenance efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will, to some extent, be elaborated in the subsequent description; and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text; or can be learned from the practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feed end of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the discharge end of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the aggregate hopper.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grass separating roller.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the grass separating assembly.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower side of the grass separating assembly.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying assembly.

[0041] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impurity removing assembly.

[0042] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circulating belt.

[0043] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower side of the support body.

[0044] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing assembly.

[0045] Figure 13 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the crushing assembly.

[0046] Figure 14 It is a schematic partial structural diagram of the crushing assembly.

[0047] Figure 15 It is a schematic partial rear side structural diagram of the crushing assembly.

[0048] Figure 16 It is a schematic partial structural diagram of the material dialing assembly.

[0049] Figure 17 It is a schematic partial rear side structural diagram of the material dialing assembly.

[0050] Figure 18 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the primary crushing component.

[0051] Figure 19 It is a transmission structural schematic diagram of the primary crushing component.

[0052] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the mating state of the large crushing roller, small crushing roller, rear deflector wheel, and flat roller.

[0053] Figure 21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fine crushing component.

[0054] Figure 22 It is a rear structural schematic diagram of the fine crushing component.

[0055] Figure 23 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the fine crushing component.

[0056] Figure 24 It is a schematic diagram of the mating state of the front plate.

[0057] Figure 25 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blade cylinder.

[0058] Figure 26 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the blade cylinder.

[0059] Figure 27 It is a structural schematic diagram of the discharging component.

[0060] Figure 28 It is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the discharging component.

[0061] In the figure:

[0062] 1. Straw separating component; 2. Conveying component; 3. Crushing component; 4. Impurity removing component; 5. Material distributing component; 6. Primary crushing component; 7. Fine crushing component; 8. Discharging component; 9. Permanent magnet bar; 11. Aggregate hopper; 12. Straw separating roller; 13. Arc plate; 14. Multi-fold plate; 15. Hinged plate; 121. Central cylinder; 122. Mounting plate; 123. Blade; 124. Reinforcing rib; 21. Inclined baffle; 41. Support body; 42. Circulating belt; 43. Electromagnet; 44. Conductive bar; 45. Electromagnetic plate; 411. Upper roller; 412. Lower roller; 431. Electrical contact; 51. Material distributing box; 52. Aggregating roller; 53. Swing arm; 521. Screw conveyor; 522. Tooth deflector; 523. Reinforcing plate; 5231. Discharge hole; 61. Large crushing roller; 62. Small crushing roller; 63. Rear deflector wheel; 64. Flat roller; 65. Tooth edge; 66. Folding plate; 71. Blade cylinder; 72. Chopping knife; 73. Front plate; 74. Wear-resistant block; 711. Positioning ring; 712. Substrate; 7121. Inclined edge; 731. Crank arm; 732. Claw; 733. Tension rod; 81. Opposite rollers; 82. Baffle top plate; 91. Mounting seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0064] Referring to Figure 1-28 , a straw separating and crushing integrated machine includes: a straw separating component 1, a conveying component 2, and a crushing component 3; wherein, the feeding end of the conveying component 2 corresponds to the lower part of the straw separating component 1, and the inlet position of the crushing component 3 corresponds to the discharging end of the conveying component 2; through the conveying component 2, the preliminarily processed straw is evenly conveyed into the crushing component 3 for crushing operation; through the integrated design of straw separation and crushing, the operation effect is ensured to be good and stable.

[0065] In some embodiments, the straw separating component 1 includes: a frame, and an aggregate hopper 11 located at the upper part of the frame with an open lower end and provided with a straw separating roller 12.

[0066] Among them, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 4, 7; the frame of the straw separating component 1 includes a lower leg part and a top frame part; the aggregate hopper 11 is lifted as a whole, and the conveying component 2 is placed below it; the front and rear side plates of the aggregate hopper 11 are inclined plates, and the left and right side plates can be set as vertical plates in cooperation with the frame structure; at the same time, a power component is arranged on one side of the aggregate hopper 11, and one end of the straw separating roller 12 penetrates to the outside and is in transmission cooperation with the power component; after the other end penetrates to the outside, structures such as a shaft seat are arranged for cooperation.

[0067] In addition, as shown inFigure 4 As shown; multiple reinforcing plates are arranged on the outer side of the collecting hopper 11, which significantly improves the overall strength and reliability; it can be understood that the reinforcing plates are arranged perpendicular to the wall panels of the collecting hopper 11, and reinforcing beams are arranged on the frame to provide stronger support for the reinforcing plates.

[0068] In some embodiments, one side of the lower end of the collecting hopper 11 is set as an arc plate 13, and the other side is set as a multi-fold plate 14; at the same time, a hinged plate 15 is swingably set below the multi-fold plate 14; the hinged plate 15 cooperates with the arc plate 13 to form a grass separation outlet.

[0069] like Figure 4 , 6 As shown, the arc plate 13 on one side cooperates with the grass separating roller 12; Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the distance between the multi-fold plate 14 on the other side and the grass separating roller 12 is larger; at the same time, the slope of each panel of the multi-fold plate 14 gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a multi-stage downward expansion shape.

[0070] like Figure 6 As shown; during operation, the grass separating roller 12 is driven to rotate, and the incoming straw is pushed to one side of the multi-fold plate 14; the straw is gradually discharged downward along the various folded surfaces.

[0071] It should be noted that the hinged plate 15 can be set to a fixed state after appropriate adjustment, which will not affect the normal discharging; or, the hinged plate 15 can be set to a movable state, and can swing outward and expand as the feed moves during the discharging process; optionally, a torsion spring, a pressure telescopic rod and other mechanisms are set on the outer side of the hinged plate 15, which pushes it inward under normal conditions and swings it outward when subjected to force; thereby, when the amount of straw added increases, the grass separation outlet below can be appropriately expanded.

[0072] In addition, additional explanation is given for the principle of the grass-separating component 1; when in use, the straw is placed in a disorderly manner into the collecting hopper 11; at this time, with the unidirectional rotation of the grass-separating roller 12, the straw is pushed toward the multi-fold plate 14; in this process, the straw tends to be arranged along the axial direction of the grass-separating roller 12; after reaching the position of the multi-fold plate 14, on the multiple folding surfaces formed, the straw is further adjusted to tend to be along the axial direction of the grass-separating roller 12; at the same time, with the changes in the folding surfaces, the straw is further adjusted again and again; after that, it falls relatively neatly along the folding surfaces and the hinged plate 15 to the conveying component 2 and is sent away.

[0073] In addition, it should be noted that when the hinged plate 15 is in a movable form, it can also better match straws of different diameters; for example, the outer diameter of corn straw is several times that of wheat straw.

[0074] Furthermore, considering that although the cooperation between the collecting hopper 11 and the grass separating roller 12 can achieve a better grass separating effect on the straws, it is inevitable that some straws will not be straightened out; therefore, the structure of the grass separating roller 12 is designed specifically.

[0075] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the grass separating roller 12 includes: a central tube 121, a plurality of axially extending mounting plates 122 fixed around the central tube 121, and blades 123 mounted on the mounting plates 122; the central tube 121 with a hollow structure is provided with a larger outer diameter and a larger shifting surface; at the same time, the rotation cooperates with the blades 123, and while shifting the straw, some unstraightened straw is cut into smaller segments and falls between the blades 123, thereby significantly enhancing the grass separating effect.

[0076] In addition, the installation plate 122 is provided to cooperate with the blade 123, which not only facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the blade 123, but also forms a blocking position and a shifting surface at the same time, and together with the blade 123 forms an enlarged shifting surface.

[0077] Preferably, a round hole is opened on the mounting plate 122, and a long hole is opened on the blade 123, so as to facilitate operations such as alignment, installation, and adjustment.

[0078] Furthermore, the blade 123 is mounted on a surface of the mounting plate 122 that is in the same direction as the rotation direction; thus, an enlarged shifting surface and a cutting surface are directly formed by the blade 123 .

[0079] Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 124 are provided at one end of the mounting plate 122 away from the blade 123 .

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown; it should be noted that the reinforcing ribs here do not only reinforce the mounting plate 122; they also form small partitions on one side of the mounting plate 122; so that straw is not easy to remain at the connection between the mounting plate 122 and the central tube 121.

[0081] Furthermore, the cross section of the reinforcing rib 124 is triangular; during operation, as the grass separating roller 12 rotates, the reinforcing rib 124 also forms a guiding effect on the straw, further improving the grass separating effect.

[0082] It should be noted that the blade surface of the blade 123 is opposite to the working rotation direction (see Figure 6 , counterclockwise); its cutting effect is very general, because the purpose of setting here is mainly to sort and separate the grass; only for some larger and too messy straws, it can form an appropriate cutting effect.

[0083] In some embodiments, the conveying assembly 2 is a conveyor belt, and inclined baffles 21 with outwardly expanding tops are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0084] As Figure 6 shown; the inclined baffles 21 prevent the straw from shifting to both sides from the conveyor belt.

[0085] Furthermore, a moving wheel is provided at one end of the conveying assembly 2, and a telescopic support leg is provided at the other end; this facilitates operations such as moving it and adjusting the support.

[0086] In some embodiments, a impurity removing assembly 4 is also provided on the conveying assembly 2.

[0087] It should be noted that some metal impurities may be mixed in the straw, which can easily damage the crushing assembly 3; thus, the impurity removing assembly 4 is added to remove some of the mixed-in metals.

[0088] As Figure 8-11 shown; the impurity removing assembly 4 includes: a circulating belt 42 assembled on a support body 41, and a plurality of electromagnets 43 spacedly arranged on the circulating belt 42; during operation, the electromagnets 43 located above the conveying assembly 2 adsorb the mixed-in metal substances and send them to the outside.

[0089] As Figure 9 shown; the support body 41 and the circulating belt 42 form a trapezoidal working shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and its lower end parallelly covers and exceeds the width of the conveyor belt; thus, in the working state of the circulating belt 42, the electromagnets 43 passing above the straw generate an adsorption force, drive the adsorbed metal objects to the outside after adsorbing them; at this time, when reaching the inclined surface, some metal objects can naturally fall under the change of the center of gravity.

[0090] Furthermore, impurity buckets are provided on both sides of the conveying assembly 2 and below the support body 41; to collect the falling metal objects.

[0091] Preferably, upper rollers 411 are provided at both sides of the upper end of the support body 41, and lower rollers 412 are provided at both sides of the lower end; the circulating belt 42 is sleeved on the upper rollers 411 and the lower rollers 412; and, the width between the two lower rollers 412 is greater than the width of the conveyor belt.

[0092] It can be understood that the upper rollers 411 and the lower rollers 412 are rotationally matched with the support body 41, and an external power is connected to any one or more of the rollers.

[0093] It should be noted that no specific form of the support body 41 is restricted; whether it is a rod frame structure or a plate structure, etc., as long as it can cooperate to achieve reliable support for the circulating belt 42, it is okay. In addition, for the overall fixation of the impurity removing assembly 4, additional support legs can be provided, or it can be directly connected to the conveying assembly 2, either is acceptable.

[0094] As Figure 8 shown; a notch is provided on the inclined baffle 21 of the conveying assembly 2 for the circulating belt 42 to pass through; connecting pieces are provided on both sides of the support body 41 and fixed on the inclined baffle 21, and that's all right.

[0095] It should be added that the impurity removal assembly 4 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying assembly 2; so as to adsorb the metal objects and discharge them to the outside; and it has good stability during the adsorption operation.

[0096] Correspondingly, the electromagnets 43 are arranged along the width direction of the circulating belt 42 and have gaps; to adapt to the turning part of the circulating belt 42; for the connection form between the electromagnets 43 and the circulating belt 42, forms such as bolt connection, clamping, gluing, etc. can all be used.

[0097] In the above partial technical solutions, some metal objects in the straw are adsorbed through the electromagnetic effect; however, inevitably, how to put down the adsorbed metal objects at a suitable position is still a problem; although the inclined surface during the operation of the circulating belt 42 can produce a certain effect, it is not reliable and uncontrollable; thus, further modifications are made to the electromagnetic effect to achieve automatic triggering.

[0098] Specifically, electric contacts 431 are respectively extended outward at both ends of the electromagnet 43; a conductive bar 44 cooperating with the electric contacts 431 is provided at the lower end of the support body 41; and the length of the conductive bar 44 covers and exceeds the width of the conveyor belt of the conveying assembly 2.

[0099] Thus, when the electromagnet 43 is in the lower section, it contacts the conductive bar 44 to realize power supply, generates electromagnetic force and adsorbs metal objects; after leaving the conductive bar 44, the electromagnet 43 loses the power supply, no longer generates magnetic force, the metal objects lose the attraction force and naturally fall off.

[0100] It can be understood that one electric contact 431 is provided at each end of the electromagnet 43; the conductive bars 44 are correspondingly arranged in two, and insulating parts are provided to isolate the conductive bars 44 from the support body 41; the conductive bars 44 are connected to external electric energy.

[0101] Furthermore, an electromagnetic plate 45 is provided at the lower inner position of the support body 41.

[0102] As Figure 9 、 11 shown; adding an electromagnetic plate 45 can better adsorb the metal objects mixed in the straw; and after the metal objects are adsorbed, due to the existence of the circulating belt 42 between them and the electromagnetic plate 45, they will not be adsorbed on the electromagnetic plate 45, but still be carried out along with the circulating belt 42.

[0103] It should be noted that the magnetic force of the electromagnetic plate 45 can be greater than the magnetism of the electromagnet 43; some metal objects that are difficult to be adsorbed by the electromagnet 43 are picked up by the electromagnetic plate 45 and then adsorbed by the electromagnet 43 again, and then transported out; in addition, some metal objects may also be sandwiched between the electromagnets 43 after being adsorbed by the electromagnetic plate 45 and are transported out along with it.

[0104] It should be noted that the lower end of the trapezoid formed by the support body 41 and the circulating belt 42 can be set longer; it is best that the length of the electromagnetic plate 45 is also greater than the width of the conveyor belt of the conveying assembly 2.

[0105] In some embodiments, the impurity removal assembly 4 further includes: a plurality of permanent magnet rods 9 arranged between the inclined baffles 21.

[0106] As Figure 8 shown, the electromagnet 43 and the electromagnetic plate 45 cooperate to adsorb some metal objects; however, for some fine metal impurities, the effect is not very good; thus, some permanent magnet rods 9 are also provided to perform multi-stage impurity removal.

[0107] It should be noted that the axial direction of the permanent magnet rod 9 is perpendicular to the conveying direction (in a horizontal plane form) or horizontally inclined; when vertically cooperating, the permanent magnet rod 9 directly straddles the conveyor belt of the conveying assembly 2; when arranged obliquely, the length of the permanent magnet rod 9 increases, and the adsorption working surface can be increased.

[0108] Furthermore, a clamping seat 91 is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying assembly 2 (on the inner wall of the inclined baffle 21), and both ends of the permanent magnet rod 9 are placed in the clamping seat 91.

[0109] It should be noted that the lower end of the permanent magnet rod 9 is higher than the normal material height of the conveyor belt and does not interfere with the straw conveying.

[0110] In addition, it should be noted that; the permanent magnet rod 9 does not have a self-cleaning function; so multiple permanent magnet rods 9 are provided; some can be removed for cleaning treatment without stopping the machine.

[0111] However, this has created another problem; since the metal impurities mixed in the straw are uncertain, it is impossible to know how long it will take for the permanent magnet rod 9 to adsorb more metal impurities; just relying on a fixed time period is not necessarily appropriate.

[0112] Therefore, a further design is made for the permanent magnet rod 9.

[0113] Simply put, a load-bearing trigger is designed to determine the working state of the permanent magnet rod 9.

[0114] Specifically, a gravity sensor is arranged in the clamping seat 91; by monitoring the gravity change of the permanent magnet rod 9, a signal is sent out after reaching the threshold value to remind the operator to perform the operation.

[0115] It is understandable that, for the signal form, it is possible to use sound and light triggering, control system to send information outward, etc.

[0116] It should be noted that the gravity sensor does not need to be in continuous operation; just set a suitable time interval for triggering the sensing.

[0117] In the aforementioned part, the straw was sorted and weeded; next, the straw will be crushed; in order to ensure the straw processing effect and be applicable to a variety of straws, a multi-stage crushing mechanism is designed.

[0118] Specifically, the crushing assembly 3 includes: a material shifting assembly 5, a primary crushing assembly 6, a fine crushing assembly 7 and a material discharging assembly 8 which are arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0119] like Figure 13 As shown, the straw is sequentially fed through the material-selecting component 5, preliminarily crushed by the primary crushing component 6, crushed again by the fine crushing component 7, and then discharged outwardly through the discharging component 8; wherein the discharging component 8 throws the crushed straw upwards.

[0120] In some embodiments, the material diverting assembly 5 includes: a material diverting box 51 with front and rear openings, and a material gathering roller 52 that is cooperatively arranged in the material diverting box 51 and rotates.

[0121] like Figure 12-17 As shown; the front end of the material box 51 is a large opening, which cooperates with the conveying component 2.

[0122] The gathering roller 52 is symmetrically provided with two augers 521 with opposite rotation directions; during operation, the straw is gathered to the middle position; correspondingly, the rear end opening of the material shifting box 51 is a reduced opening at the center position.

[0123] Furthermore, there is a gap between the two end augers 521, and two gear plates 522 are symmetrically arranged in the gap area; wherein the gear plates 522 are perpendicular to the central axis of the material gathering roller 52, and both gear plates 522 pass over the middle position of the material gathering roller 52 from one side.

[0124] During operation, the straw is gathered by the auger 521 and then moved and transported backward by the toothed plate 522 .

[0125] Here, it is necessary to combine with the previous working form; as mentioned before, the straw is arranged in a form that tends to be along the conveying direction; at this time, when entering the material feeding box 51, it still remains in a roughly unchanged direction; however, the auger 521 will surely cause a certain deviation to it; at this time, the function of the tooth deflector plate 522 is enlarged; the front end of the tooth deflector plate 522 is evenly provided with teeth; when applying force to the straw, in cooperation with the rotation of the material gathering roller 52, the straw is conveyed straight backward to the rear end; so that the straw entering the next stage basically remains consistent with the conveying direction; thus, it is more conducive to the subsequent crushing operation.

[0126] Furthermore, a reinforcing plate 523 is arranged on the tooth deflector plate 522 to improve the load-bearing performance.

[0127] Preferably, the reinforcing plate 523 is in the structure of a right-angle plate, and discharge holes 5231 are arranged on the plate surface to reduce blockage.

[0128] In some embodiments, the shaft of the material gathering roller 52 penetrates to the outside of the material feeding box 51 and is assembled through a swing arm 53; thus, when feeding different straw materials, the material gathering roller 52 can form a certain degree of self-swing.

[0129] Specifically, one end of the swing arm 53 is rotatably assembled with the material feeding box 51, and the other end is rotatably assembled with the shaft of the material gathering roller 52; correspondingly, a slot for cooperation with the swing is arranged on the material feeding box 51.

[0130] In addition, it should be noted that structures such as gears or belt pulleys are arranged on the shaft of the material gathering roller 52 and are connected to the power assembly (not shown in the drawings); structures such as bearings are arranged on the swing arm 53, and the self-rotation and swing of the material gathering roller 52 do not interfere with each other.

[0131] In some embodiments, the primary crushing assembly 6 includes: a large crushing roller 61 and a small crushing roller 62 arranged above the interior of the housing, and a rear deflector wheel 63 and a flat roller 64 arranged below.

[0132] Among them, the large crushing roller 61 and the small crushing roller 62 rotate counterclockwise; the rear deflector wheel 63 and the flat roller 64 rotate clockwise; the four work together to convey the straw backward.

[0133] At the same time, axially extending tooth edges 65 are arranged around the large crushing roller 61 and the small crushing roller 62; a plurality of folding plates 66 connected front and back are arranged around the rear deflector wheel 63; the folding plates 66 form a force-applying surface for pushing backward; with the cooperation of each structure, it has good conveying and crushing effects.

[0134] It should be noted that a driving structure is also correspondingly arranged; in order to better maintain the force balance and reduce the wear of the equipment during operation; the power of the large crushing roller 61 and the small crushing roller 62 is set on one side, and the power of the rear deflector wheel 63 and the flat roller 64 is set on the other side.

[0135] like Figure 18 , 19 As shown; a gear box is provided on each side of the primary crushing assembly 6; the corresponding gears assembled on the rear paddle wheel 63 and the flat roller 64 are driven in the same direction through a synchronous gear; at the same time, a transmission shaft extends inward from the gear box and is connected to the gear box on the other side through a universal shaft transmission; in the gear box on the other side, the gears assembled on the large crushing roller 61 and the small crushing roller 62 are driven in the same direction through another synchronous gear.

[0136] It should be noted that the universal shaft passes over the interior of the primary crushing assembly 6 and does not interfere with the interior.

[0137] In some embodiments, the fine crushing component 7 includes: a blade cylinder 71 rotatably arranged inside the shell to finely crush the straw.

[0138] Among them, Figure 21 , 22 As shown; the axis of the blade tube 71 extends to the outside, one end is connected to the power component, and the other end is provided with a counterweight wheel to ensure the balance of the operation.

[0139] Specifically, Figure 25 , 26 As shown; a plurality of groups of shredding knives 72 arranged in a herringbone pattern are arranged around the blade cylinder 71; and the blade surface of the shredding knife 72 faces outward; further, the shredding knife 72 is inclined from the outside to the inside toward the side away from the direction of rotation; and, gradually raised.

[0140] It is understandable that more straw is always gathered in the middle position; by appropriately raising this position (that is, away from the blade tube 71), a larger load capacity can be obtained; at the same time, by using the inclined shape, the straw can be dispersed to both ends to better ensure the crushing effect.

[0141] Preferably, four positioning rings 711 with locking positions are symmetrically arranged at both ends and the middle position of the blade tube 71; a base plate 712 is fixedly connected to the positioning ring 711; the shredder 72 is assembled on the base plate 712; the base plate 712 is accurately positioned by locking positions, and the shredder 72 is installed through the base plate 712.

[0142] Furthermore, the outer end of the base plate 712 is configured as a thin end that fits the oblique edge 7121 of the chopping knife 72 .

[0143] Therefore, not only can the straw be prevented from entering the contact surface between the two better, but also a certain guiding effect can be formed; the straw reaches the position of the next chopping knife 72 along the bottom of the base plate 712.

[0144] It should be noted that there is a gap between the chopping knife 72 and the blade tube 71 to allow the straw to pass through.

[0145] In some embodiments, a front plate 73 is provided at the feed inlet of the fine crushing component 7; a wear-resistant block 74 is assembled at the top end of the front plate 73; thereby, the overall maintenance efficiency can be improved and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

[0146] As Figure 23 , 24 shown; turning arms 731 are fixedly provided at both ends of the front plate 73, and a claw 732 is hinged at the lower end; the middle position of the turning arm 731 is rotationally assembled with the side surface of the fine crushing component 7, and a tension rod 733 is hinged at the rear end of the turning arm 731; the claw 732 is forwardly clamped on the bottom beam of the fine crushing component 7.

[0147] Preferably, the tension rod 733 is a telescopic rod or an elastic rod; during operation, a certain amount of self-adjustment can be generated to change the shape of the front plate 73.

[0148] As Figure 23 , 24 shown, the strip-shaped wear-resistant block 74 is assembled at the top end of the front plate 73, and it can be regularly inspected, maintained, and replaced.

[0149] In some embodiments, the discharging component 8 includes: two counter-rotating rollers 81 reversely arranged inside the housing.

[0150] Wherein, the inlet of the discharging component 8 is inclined downward to be butted against the fine crushing component 7; a baffle top plate 82 is provided at the outlet of the discharging component 8; tooth grooves are provided around the rollers 81.

[0151] When the device is in use, the straw to be processed is placed into the aggregate hopper 11 of the straw separating component 1; under the rotation of the straw separating roller 12, the straw is discharged through the straw separating outlet onto the conveying component 2; during the conveying process of the conveying component 2, it is processed by the impurity removing component 4; then, it is sent into the crushing component 3 by the material distributing component 5, and successively passes through the primary crushing component 6 and the fine crushing component 7, and then is discharged outside by the discharging component 8.

[0152] In the present invention, the conveying component 2 conveys the preliminarily processed straw to the crushing component 3, and then performs the crushing operation; the integrated design of grass separation and crushing ensures good and stable operation effect; the lower end of the collecting hopper 11 is provided with an arc plate 13 and a multi-fold plate 14, and a hinged plate 15 is swingably provided to form a grass separation outlet; as the grass separation roller 12 rotates, the straw is adjusted to tend to fall relatively neatly along the axial direction of the grass separation roller 12 onto the conveying component 2; the grass separation roller 12 has a larger shifting surface, and cuts some straw into smaller segments when shifting the straw, thereby enhancing the grass separation effect; the impurity removal component 4 is provided on the conveying component 2 to absorb the mixed metal substances and send them to the outside; a plurality of permanent magnetic bars 9 are provided between the inclined baffles 21, and cooperate to perform multi-stage impurity removal; the load-bearing trigger is used to determine the operation form of the permanent magnetic bar 9; A multi-stage crushing mechanism is designed to ensure the crushing effect; an auger 521 is arranged on the gathering roller 52 to gather the straw to the middle position, and cooperate with the toothed plate 522 to facilitate the subsequent crushing operation; the large crushing roller 61 and the small crushing roller 62 arranged on the upper part of the shell, and the rear pulley 63 and the flat roller 64 arranged on the lower part, work together to transport the straw backward; the coordination of various structures has a good conveying and crushing effect; a gear box is arranged on each side of the primary crushing component 6 to better maintain the force balance and reduce the wear of the equipment operation; the rotating blade cylinder 71 crushes the straw finely; the shredder 72 arranged in a herringbone shape disperses the straw to both ends in an inclined shape to better ensure the crushing effect; the top of the front plate 73 is equipped with a wear-resistant block 74 to improve the overall maintenance efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0153] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0154] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

Claims

1. A straw sorting and crushing machine, characterized in that: include: A grass sorting component (1), a conveying component (2), and a crushing component (3); the feeding end of the conveying component (2) corresponds to the bottom of the grass sorting component (1), and the inlet position of the crushing component (3) corresponds to the discharge end of the conveying component (2); the conveying component (2) is also provided with an impurity removal component (4); The grass-sorting component (1) comprises: a frame and a collecting hopper (11) located at the upper part of the frame, with an open lower end and provided with a grass-sorting roller (12); one side of the lower end of the collecting hopper (11) is provided with an arc plate (13), and the other side is provided with a multi-fold plate (14); a hinged plate (15) is swingably provided below the multi-fold plate (14); the hinged plate (15) cooperates with the arc plate (13) to form a grass-sorting outlet; the slope of each panel of the multi-fold plate (14) gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a multi-stage downward expansion shape; The pulverizing assembly (3) comprises: a material shifting assembly (5), a primary crushing assembly (6), a fine crushing assembly (7) and a material discharging assembly (8) which are arranged in sequence from front to back; The impurity removal component (4) comprises: a circulating belt (42) mounted on a support body (41), and a plurality of electromagnets (43) arranged at intervals on the circulating belt (42); the electromagnets (43) are arranged along the width direction of the circulating belt (42) and are provided with electrical contacts (431) extending outward; and a conductive strip (44) cooperating with the electrical contacts (431) is provided at the lower end of the support body (41); The grass-cutting roller (12) comprises: a central tube (121), a plurality of mounting plates (122) surrounding and fixed on the central tube (121), and a blade (123) mounted on the mounting plate (122); a plurality of reinforcing ribs (124) are provided at one end of the mounting plate (122) away from the blade (123); the cross section of the reinforcing rib (124) is triangular, and the edge surface of the blade (123) is opposite to the working rotation direction; The impurity removal component (4) further comprises: a plurality of permanent magnetic bars (9) arranged on the conveying component (2); a card-mounting seat (91) is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying component (2), and both ends of the permanent magnetic bars (9) are inserted into the card-mounting seat (91); a gravity sensor is arranged in the card-mounting seat (91); by monitoring the gravity change of the permanent magnetic bars (9), a signal is sent outward after reaching a threshold value to remind personnel to operate; The primary crushing assembly (6) comprises: a large crushing roller (61) and a small crushing roller (62) arranged above the inside of the shell, and a rear dial wheel (63) and a flat roller (64) arranged below; the large crushing roller (61) and the small crushing roller (62) are surrounded by tooth blades (65) extending along the axial direction; the rear dial wheel (63) is surrounded by a plurality of folding plates (66) connected front and rear; the folding plates (66) form a force application surface for pushing backwards; The fine shredding component (7) comprises: a blade cylinder (71) rotatably arranged inside a housing; a plurality of groups of shredding knives (72) arranged in a herringbone pattern are arranged around the blade cylinder (71); the shredding knives (72) are inclined from the outside to the inside toward a side away from the rotation direction and are gradually raised; the outer end of the base plate (712) is provided with an oblique blade (7121) whose thin end fits the shredding knife (72); and a gap is provided between the shredding knife (72) and the blade cylinder (71) to allow straw to pass through.

2. The straw sorting and crushing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material shifting assembly (5) comprises: a material shifting box (51) with front and rear openings, and a material gathering roller (52) arranged in cooperation with the material shifting box (51) for rotation; two sections of augers (521) with opposite rotation directions are symmetrically arranged on the material gathering roller (52); a gap is provided between the augers (521) at both ends, and two tooth shifting plates (522) are symmetrically arranged in the gap area; The toothed plate (522) is provided with a reinforcing plate (523); the reinforcing plate (523) is a right-angle plate structure, and a discharge hole (5231) is provided on the plate surface; The shaft of the material gathering roller (52) passes through the outside of the material shifting box (51) and is assembled via a swing arm (53).

3. The straw sorting and crushing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the large crushing roller (61) and the small crushing roller (62) is arranged on one side, and the power of the rear paddle wheel (63) and the flat roller (64) is arranged on the other side; a gear box is arranged on each side of the primary crushing assembly (6); the corresponding gears mounted on the rear paddle wheel (63) and the flat roller (64) are driven in the same direction through a synchronous gear; at the same time, a transmission shaft extends inwardly from the gear box and is connected to the gear box on the other side through a universal shaft transmission; in the gear box on the other side, the gears mounted on the large crushing roller (61) and the small crushing roller (62) are driven in the same direction through another synchronous gear.

4. The straw sorting and crushing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet of the fine crushing component (7) is provided with a front plate (73); the top end of the front plate (73) is equipped with a wear-resistant block (74); The two ends of the front plate (73) are fixedly provided with crank arms (731), and the lower end is hingedly provided with a catch (732); the middle position of the crank arm (731) is rotatably assembled with the side of the fine crushing component (7), and a tension rod (733) is hingedly connected to the rear end of the crank arm (731); the catch (732) is clamped forward on the bottom beam of the fine crushing component (7).

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